Caleb Heldt
University of Warwick, Philosophy, Alumnus
- Philosophy, Post-Kantian Philosophy, 19th Century Continental Philosophy, 20th Century Continental Philosophy, German Idealism, Phenomenology, and 9 moreLebensphilosophie, Immanuel Kant, Hegel, Friedrich Nietzsche, Henri Bergson, Edmund Husserl, Martin Heidegger, Jean Paul Sartre, and Consciousnessedit
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In this chapter, we come to see that for Sartre, contra Kant, time and space prove—through consciousness’s own (immanent) experience of the temporalization of time and the spatialization of space—to be far from passive, a priori forms of... more
In this chapter, we come to see that for Sartre, contra Kant, time and space prove—through consciousness’s own (immanent) experience of the temporalization of time and the spatialization of space—to be far from passive, a priori forms of (human) cognition. Rather, for Sartre they are very much actively constituted through the dynamics of consciousness’s own activity of intentional alteration—that is, the incessant modification of conscious attention from one noematic correlate (one figure-ground totality) to another. We also come to see that a dialectical dimension emerges from Sartre’s conception of temporalization and spatialization which likewise challenges the way in which Hegel envisages the dialectical unfolding of time from space in The Philosophy of Nature. The latter part of this chapter entails a discussion of the inverse operation to the spatialization of worldly space which Sartre designates ‘psychic space’—i.e., the constitution of a virtual space integral to the imagin...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
This chapter examines two fundamental philosophical perspectives on Being and Nothingness, the most basic thoughts that thought can think, in relation to which Sartre’s own viewpoint is situated. Indeed, these two perspectives provide the... more
This chapter examines two fundamental philosophical perspectives on Being and Nothingness, the most basic thoughts that thought can think, in relation to which Sartre’s own viewpoint is situated. Indeed, these two perspectives provide the ground for what Sartre takes to be the foundational points of view governing the vast majority of conscious human experience, namely the unreflective and the reflective, respectively represented at this level by Henri Bergson and G.W. F. Hegel. As such, through an examination of the theoretical perspectives on 'Being' and 'Nothingness' espoused by Hegel in his Science of Logic and by Bergson in Creative Evolution, Sartre’s own view is elaborated by means of an analysis of the theory of negation - which is shown to provide the ground for his entire phenomenological ontology.
Research Interests:
The following is a study of Jean-Paul Sartre’s ontology of conscious awareness. Ontology, for Sartre, consists in the delineation of the constituent elements, structures and dimensions of Being as well as the way in which such constituent... more
The following is a study of Jean-Paul Sartre’s ontology of conscious awareness. Ontology, for Sartre, consists in the delineation of the constituent elements, structures and dimensions of Being as well as the way in which such constituent features interact within the ekstatic dynamics of the lived experience of the being for whom such ontological features are capable of becoming phenomena of possible awareness. Sartre’s methodology, then, is manifold. The ontological project which Sartre undertakes to develop is at once transcendental, phenomenological and dialectical. It is transcendental inasmuch as it is a theory of the way in which phenomena become experientially possible for a being whose primary existential mode of conscious awareness is as an act of immanent self-relation, as pure auto-affection, and is capable of divesting itself of its modality of active self-affective immanence in constituting for itself a particular phenomenon transcendent to itself. This is to say that w...
Research Interests: Psychology, Ontology, Phenomenological Psychology, Existential Psychology, Phenomenology, and 15 moreHegel, Henri Bergson, Gaston Bachelard, Consciousness, Phenomenology of Memory, Transcendental Philosophy, Michel Henry, Phenomenology of the body, Immanuel Kant, Jean Paul Sartre, Phenomenology of Space and Place, Phenomenology of Temporality, Post-Kantian Philosophy, Phenomenology of the Imagination, and Dialectical Philosophy
The topic of this chapter is Sartre’s conceptualization of the pre-reflective cogito and the role which it plays in the genesis of what Sartre refers to as non-thetic awareness. As such, this chapter seeks to demonstrate the theoretical... more
The topic of this chapter is Sartre’s conceptualization of the pre-reflective cogito and the role which it plays in the genesis of what Sartre refers to as non-thetic awareness. As such, this chapter seeks to demonstrate the theoretical genealogy of pre-reflective consciousness and non-thetic awareness with respect to some of Sartre’s more significant philosophical influences, in particular Descartes, Kant, and Husserl. It is the emphasis placed upon the pre-reflective, non-thetic dimension of conscious awareness that, perhaps more than anything else, sets the ontological concerns of the project undertaken in this study apart from the overwhelming majority of extant publications in the field—which consistently devote only a meagre sentence or two to this crucial concept—for so much rests upon it.
Research Interests:
In this chapter, Sartre’s views on temporality are subjected to critical inquiry. The first two sections of this examination attempt to delineate the divergent modes of psychic or egological time-consciousness, each of which aligns with... more
In this chapter, Sartre’s views on temporality are subjected to critical inquiry. The first two sections of this examination attempt to delineate the divergent modes of psychic or egological time-consciousness, each of which aligns with the distinction laid out by Bergson in Time and Free Will between what Bergson takes to be, on the one hand, the illicit spatialization of duration—which he refers to as a ‘multiplicity of juxtaposition’ or a ‘discrete multiplicity’—in contradistinction to Bergson’s own understanding of duration as a ‘multiplicity of interpenetration’ on the other. However, for Sartre, each of these modes of time-consciousness ultimately prove to be parasitic upon a more primordial modality of time-consciousness which he refers to as ‘original temporality’, which proves to be a more original, ontological understanding of conscious (self-)temporalization.
Research Interests:
This chapter examines the dynamics of egological totalization in the constitution of that self-deceptive activity of unreflective consciousness which Sartre refers to as the illusion of immanence. Following this, the basic structures and... more
This chapter examines the dynamics of egological totalization in the constitution of that self-deceptive activity of unreflective consciousness which Sartre refers to as the illusion of immanence. Following this, the basic structures and dynamics of the activity of egological totalization are analyzed as they relate to the development of a Sartrean theory of memory, itself the necessary foundation for an existential epistemology. We will also seek to demonstrate that in which transcendental consciousness consists on this Satrean model and to examine briefly the ethical implications of such a conscious activity.
Research Interests:
In this chapter, the formal structures developed in Chap. 2 are allowed to unfold with explicit attention paid in turn to worldly, psychic and bodily conscious awareness; which is to say, to the transcendent dimensions of (non-)thetic... more
In this chapter, the formal structures developed in Chap. 2 are allowed to unfold with explicit attention paid in turn to worldly, psychic and bodily conscious awareness; which is to say, to the transcendent dimensions of (non-)thetic awareness. In the analyses of worldly, psychic and bodily awareness which are addressed in this chapter may be found the basic outlines of what respectively may be called Sartre’s phenomenology of perception, his ‘egology’ or phenomenological psychology, as well as his phenomenology of corporeity (which will be discussed in relation to some of Sartre’s more general views concerning materialism). It is here that the illusion of immanence and the uniquely Sartrean conception of negatites are first introduced.
The following is a study of Jean-Paul Sartre's ontology of conscious awareness. Ontology, for Sartre, consists in the delineation of the constituent elements, structures and dimensions of Being as well as the way in which such... more
The following is a study of Jean-Paul Sartre's ontology of conscious awareness. Ontology, for Sartre, consists in the delineation of the constituent elements, structures and dimensions of Being as well as the way in which such constituent features interact within the ekstatic ...
Research Interests: Ontology, Phenomenological Psychology, Existential Psychology, Phenomenology, Hegel, and 15 moreHenri Bergson, Gaston Bachelard, Consciousness, Phenomenology of Memory, Transcendental Philosophy, Michel Henry, Phenomenology of the body, Immanuel Kant, Jean Paul Sartre, Phenomenology of Space and Place, Phenomenology of Temporality, Post-Kantian Philosophy, Phenomenology of the Imagination, Dialectical Philosophy, and Non-thetic Consciousness
... image of the world or utilising one's images as conceptual tools for better understanding the world ... This latter form of desire alone will be able to offer consciousness the conditions necessary ... and consequently the... more
... image of the world or utilising one's images as conceptual tools for better understanding the world ... This latter form of desire alone will be able to offer consciousness the conditions necessary ... and consequently the avoidance of the capacity for self-deception that Sartre refers to ...
