- Pavia, Lombardia, Italy
Chiara Crisciani
University of Pavia, Filosofia, Faculty Member
The medicine/religion relationship in the Middle Ages is based on the in the degradation/redemption polarity and on the bond between soul and body: this provides the opportunity of establishing a relationship of analogy and correlation... more
The medicine/religion relationship in the Middle Ages is based on the in the degradation/redemption polarity and on the bond between soul and body: this provides the opportunity of establishing a relationship of analogy and correlation between health (of the body) and salvation (of the soul) and of different forms of 'spiritual medicine', also chronologically marked in the long time of the Latin Middle Ages. This 'spiritual medicine', which accompanies the development of secular medicine step by step, is therefore essential to understanding the relationship between health, illness, and medicine in the Christian Middle Ages.
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Research Interests: Historiography and Italy
ABSTRACT Ethics of the consilia and of the consultation : about the moral cohesion of the medical profession (13th-14th centuries). Dare consilia is one of the activities of a learned, University trained physician. Except the tradition of... more
ABSTRACT Ethics of the consilia and of the consultation : about the moral cohesion of the medical profession (13th-14th centuries). Dare consilia is one of the activities of a learned, University trained physician. Except the tradition of the Consilia (written and formulated for patients who are not present), used by Italian practitioners, there is another important medical act, namely the consultation, whereby several physicians are brought in to discuss the state of a sick person and to advise on how to deal with the case. This consultation is one of the aspects of a physician's work that is regulated by neither corporative norms nor ecclesiastical decree ; in other words it forms a part of ethical rules or “etiquette” which every professional should possess. This paper analyses the directives given by Henri de Mondeville in his Chirurgia, established for such a meeting of physicians and defined as a collatio. His instructions are compared with the rules he gives for the behaviour of the doctor-surgeon in other situations, as well as other texts dealing with the deontology or various consultative reports by professionals. It is evident that these directives or “counsels” of Henri de Mondeville not only aim for a more efficent professional practice, but can also be seen as the expression of professional ethics, specific to the scientific community of doctors of the late Middle Ages.
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Page 1. SAVOIR M?DICAL ET ANTHROPOLOGIE RELIGIEUSE Les repr?sentations et les fonctions de la vetula (xnie-xve si?cle) Joie Agrimi et Chiara Crisciani Dans son Contra superstitionem, Jean Gerson introduit les vetule ou ? ...
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... 1 Cf. SALIMBENE DE ADAM, Cronica, ed. G. SCALIA, Bari, 1966, I, p. 235 ; as to Antonio Guaineri cf. ... 102-118. Page 2. 10 Chiara Crisciani century onward, a reasonable number of physicians are directly interested and involved in... more
... 1 Cf. SALIMBENE DE ADAM, Cronica, ed. G. SCALIA, Bari, 1966, I, p. 235 ; as to Antonio Guaineri cf. ... 102-118. Page 2. 10 Chiara Crisciani century onward, a reasonable number of physicians are directly interested and involved in alchemy in one way or another3. ...
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Ruggero Bacone Moralis philosophia Traduzione italiana con testo latino a fronte a cura di Paola Bernardini, Carla Casagrande, Chiara Crisciani, Roberto Lambertini, Cecilia Panti, Michela Pereira, Anna Rodolfi e Silvana Vecchio, Firenze, Sismel Edizioni del Galluzzo 2024 (Micrologus Library, 120)more
The book presents the first Italian translation of the Moralis philosophia, which constitutes the last part of the Opus maius, the vast and original proposal for the reform of knowledge by the English Franciscan Roger Bacon addressed to... more
The book presents the first Italian translation of the Moralis philosophia, which constitutes the last part of the Opus maius, the vast and original proposal for the reform of knowledge by the English Franciscan Roger Bacon addressed to Pope Clement IV in 1267. Bacon places morality at the top of the hierarchy of the sciences confirming the primacy of praxis and in contrast to traditional theological and exegetical ethics and the scholastic commentaries on the scholastic comments to the Nicomachean Ethics. Moreover, he resumes in this the criticism of the Christian culture of his time and states that morality, oriented towards human salvation, can play the role due to it, as queen of the sciences only by learning the lesson of the ancients, among whom Seneca excels. The result of years of seminar research, this translation, accompanied accompanied by commentary notes, reveals the affinity of method and the different skills of the group that edited it with the aim of dealing in depth with Baconian moral philosophy, exploring its multiple themes and theological sources,
metaphysical, astrological, historical, rhetorical and legal sources.
Il libro presenta la prima traduzione italiana della Moralis philosophia,
che costituisce l’ultima parte dell’Opus maius, la vasta e
originale proposta di riforma del sapere del francescano inglese
Ruggero Bacone indirizzata a papa Clemente IV nel 1267.
Bacone colloca la morale al vertice della gerarchia delle scienze,
a conferma del primato della praxis e in controtendenza rispetto
all’etica tradizionale d’impianto teologico ed esegetico e ai commenti
scolastici all’Etica Nicomachea. Inoltre riprende in questo
ambito la critica alla cultura cristiana del suo tempo e afferma
che la morale, orientata alla salvezza umana, può svolgere il ruolo,
che le spetta, di regina delle scienze soltanto apprendendo la
lezione degli antichi, fra cui primeggia Seneca. Frutto di una
ricerca seminariale pluriennale, questa traduzione, accompagnata
da note di commento, lascia trasparire l’affinità di metodo e le
competenze diverse del gruppo che l’ha curata con l’obiettivo
di affrontare in maniera approfondita la filosofia morale baconiana,
esplorandone le molteplici tematiche e le fonti teologiche,
metafisiche, astrologiche, storiche, retoriche e giuridiche.
metaphysical, astrological, historical, rhetorical and legal sources.
Il libro presenta la prima traduzione italiana della Moralis philosophia,
che costituisce l’ultima parte dell’Opus maius, la vasta e
originale proposta di riforma del sapere del francescano inglese
Ruggero Bacone indirizzata a papa Clemente IV nel 1267.
Bacone colloca la morale al vertice della gerarchia delle scienze,
a conferma del primato della praxis e in controtendenza rispetto
all’etica tradizionale d’impianto teologico ed esegetico e ai commenti
scolastici all’Etica Nicomachea. Inoltre riprende in questo
ambito la critica alla cultura cristiana del suo tempo e afferma
che la morale, orientata alla salvezza umana, può svolgere il ruolo,
che le spetta, di regina delle scienze soltanto apprendendo la
lezione degli antichi, fra cui primeggia Seneca. Frutto di una
ricerca seminariale pluriennale, questa traduzione, accompagnata
da note di commento, lascia trasparire l’affinità di metodo e le
competenze diverse del gruppo che l’ha curata con l’obiettivo
di affrontare in maniera approfondita la filosofia morale baconiana,
esplorandone le molteplici tematiche e le fonti teologiche,
metafisiche, astrologiche, storiche, retoriche e giuridiche.