WO2022158057A1 - 電解質分析装置とその異常判定方法 - Google Patents
電解質分析装置とその異常判定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022158057A1 WO2022158057A1 PCT/JP2021/037687 JP2021037687W WO2022158057A1 WO 2022158057 A1 WO2022158057 A1 WO 2022158057A1 JP 2021037687 W JP2021037687 W JP 2021037687W WO 2022158057 A1 WO2022158057 A1 WO 2022158057A1
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- detergent
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
- G01N33/487—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
- G01N33/48707—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material by electrical means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/333—Ion-selective electrodes or membranes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/4163—Systems checking the operation of, or calibrating, the measuring apparatus
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrolyte analyzer that analyzes electrolyte components in a sample.
- Electrolyte analyzers are devices that analyze electrolyte components such as sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl) in samples, and are used in testing facilities. Many electrolyte analyzers measure the concentration of electrolyte components in a sample by measuring the potential difference between an ion selective electrode (ISE), which produces a potential corresponding to the concentration of specific ions, and a reference electrode, which produces a reference potential. is required. These electrodes are consumables and expire after a predetermined period of time or number of times of use, so they are replaced periodically.
- ISE ion selective electrode
- Patent Document 1 discloses that, in order to manage the life of the electrodes, the replacement timing of the electrodes is calculated based on the parameters representing the performance of the electrodes measured at shutdown or startup of the device.
- the parameters are the potential difference between the ISE and the reference electrode, the slope that is the sensitivity to a certain ion, the accuracy that is the variation when a sample with a constant concentration is measured multiple times, and the magnitude of the deviation from the expected value. accuracy, etc.
- Patent Document 1 the parameters representing the performance of the electrode are measured using the sample to be measured for the electrolyte and the calibration solution, which is insufficient for early detection of an abnormality in the ion selective electrode.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an electrolyte analyzer capable of early detection of an abnormality in an ion selective electrode and an abnormality determination method thereof.
- the present invention provides an ion-selective electrode that generates a sample potential that is a potential corresponding to the concentration of ions contained in the sample, a reference electrode that generates a reference potential that is a reference potential, and the sample.
- An electrolyte analyzer comprising a concentration calculator for calculating the ion concentration based on the potential difference between the potential and the reference potential, wherein the detergent potential, which is the potential generated at the ion-selective electrode when the detergent is supplied, is calculated. It is characterized by further comprising an abnormality determination unit that determines the presence or absence of an abnormality based on the evaluation value calculated using the evaluation value.
- the present invention provides an ion-selective electrode that generates a sample potential that is a potential corresponding to the concentration of ions contained in the sample, a reference electrode that generates a reference potential that is a reference potential, and the sample potential and the reference potential.
- a method for determining abnormality of an electrolyte analyzer comprising a concentration calculating unit that calculates the ion concentration based on the potential difference between the ion-selective electrode and the ion-selective electrode when the detergent is supplied. calculating an evaluation value using the detergent potential; and determining whether there is an abnormality based on the evaluation value.
- an electrolyte analyzer capable of early detection of an abnormality in an ion selective electrode.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a setting screen for conditions related to potential after stabilization. It is a figure explaining an example of an evaluation value.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing screen example 1, which is an example of a display screen when there is an abnormality in the rate of divergence.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a screen example 2, which is an example of a display screen when there is an abnormality in a high-density area;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing screen example 1, which is an example of a display screen when there is an abnormality in a high-density area;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a screen example 3, which is an example of a display screen when there is an abnormality in a low-density area;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a screen example 4, which is an example of a display screen when there is an abnormality in the predicted value of the rate of divergence.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a display example of changes in predicted values of deviation rates. It is a figure explaining the determination of the presence or absence of abnormality based on the combination of several evaluation values.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a screen example 5, which is an example of a display screen when there is an abnormality in a plurality of evaluation values;
- the electrolyte decomposition device is a device that analyzes electrolytes such as Na ions, K ions, Cl ions, etc. contained in samples such as blood and urine provided from subjects, and can be used alone or in an automatic analyzer. It is installed.
- Automatic analyzers equipped with electrolyte decomposition devices include, for example, biochemical automatic analyzers, immunological automatic analyzers, mass spectrometers, coagulation analyzers, and devices combining these.
- biochemical automatic analyzers include, for example, biochemical automatic analyzers, immunological automatic analyzers, mass spectrometers, coagulation analyzers, and devices combining these.
- the same reference numerals are assigned to components having the same functional configuration, thereby omitting redundant description.
- the drawings schematically represent the embodiments, and there are cases where actual objects are shown in a simplified manner.
- the electrolyte analyzer 100 is roughly divided into a measurement section and a control section.
- the measurement unit measures the potential of a diluted sample or standard solution, which is an electrolyte solution.
- the control unit controls the operation of the measurement unit and calculates the concentration of ions contained in the electrolyte solution based on the potential measured by the measurement unit.
- the measurement section and the control section will be described below.
- the measurement unit includes a dilution tank 3, a flow path 29, an ion selective electrode (ISE: Ion Selective Electrode), and a reference electrode 7.
- ISE Ion Selective Electrode
- the ion-selective electrodes are, for example, the ISE section 4 for Na, the ISE section 5 for K, and the ISE section 6 for Cl.
- Samples, diluents, and standard solutions are supplied to the dilution tank 3.
- a sample is contained in a sample container 1 and is dispensed from the sample container 1 into an empty dilution tank 3 by a dispensing nozzle 2 .
- the dispensed sample is diluted by further supplying a diluent to the dilution tank 3 .
- the diluent is stored in the diluent bottle 21, and is supplied from the diluent bottle 21 to the dilution tank 3 containing the sample by the operation of the diluent syringe 10, the first diluent valve 17, and the second diluent valve 18. be. That is, after the diluent is sucked into the diluent syringe 10 with the first diluent valve 17 closed and the second diluent valve 18 open, the first diluent valve 17 is opened and the diluent With the second valve 18 closed, the diluent is discharged from the diluent syringe 10 into the dilution tank 3 .
- the standard solution is stored in the standard solution bottle 20, and supplied from the standard solution bottle 20 to the empty dilution tank 3 by the operation of the standard solution syringe 9, the standard solution first valve 15, and the standard solution second valve 16. That is, after the standard solution is sucked into the standard solution syringe 9 with the first standard solution valve 15 closed and the second standard solution valve 16 open, the first standard solution valve 15 opens and the second standard solution valve 16 opens. With the second valve 16 closed, the standard solution is discharged from the standard solution syringe 9 into the dilution tank 3 .
- a diluted sample or standard solution which is an electrolyte solution, is supplied to the sipper syringe 8, the pinch valve 11, the first valve 12, the second valve 13, and the third valve 14 together with the reference electrode solution contained in the reference electrode solution bottle 19. It is supplied to flow path 29 by operation. That is, the reference electrode solution is supplied from the reference electrode solution bottle 19 to the channel 29 by suctioning the sipper syringe 8 with the first valve 12 and the second valve 13 open and the pinch valve 11 and the third valve 14 closed. be done. After that, the electrolytic solution is supplied from the dilution tank 3 to the flow path 29 by suctioning the sipper syringe 8 with the first valve 12 closed and the pinch valve 11 switched to open.
- the electrolyte solution and the reference electrode solution form a liquid junction in the channel 29 .
- the ISE section 4 for Na, the ISE section 5 for K, and the ISE section 6 for Cl, which are ion-selective electrodes, are connected to the electrolyte solution side, and the reference electrode 7 is connected to the reference electrode liquid side.
- each of the ISE section 4 for Na, the ISE section 5 for K, and the ISE section 6 for Cl a potential corresponding to the concentration of Na ions, K ions, and Cl ions contained in the electrolyte solution supplied to the flow path 29 is generated. , is transmitted to the control unit via the wiring 28 .
- the ISE section 4 for Na, the ISE section 5 for K, and the ISE section 6 for Cl will be described later with reference to FIG.
- a reference potential is generated at the comparison electrode 7 and transmitted to the control section via the wiring 28 .
- the control unit has an amplifier 22, an A/D converter 23, a computer 24, a keyboard 25, a monitor 26, and a memory 27.
- the amplifier 22 amplifies the potential difference between the potential generated in each of the ISE section 4 for Na, the ISE section 5 for K, and the ISE section 6 for Cl and the reference potential, and transmits the potential difference to the A/D converter 23 .
- the A/D converter 23 converts the transmitted potential difference from an analog signal to a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the computer 24 .
- the computer 24 uses the transmitted digital signal to calculate the concentrations of Na ions, K ions, and Cl ions contained in the diluted sample. The calculated concentration is displayed on the monitor 26 .
- a calibration curve stored in the memory 27 is used to calculate the concentration.
- a calibration curve is prepared in advance based on the potential difference obtained by measuring a solution having known concentrations of Na ions, K ions, and Cl ions with a measurement unit. Note that data related to the sample, measurement conditions in the measurement unit, and the like may be input via the keyboard 25, which is an input device. Alternatively, the diluted sample and the standard solution may be alternately supplied to the channel 29 and the measurement of the respective potential differences may be repeated. Measurement errors can be reduced by alternately repeating the measurement of the diluted sample and the standard solution.
- the ISE section 4 for Na has an electrode 4a, a Na selective membrane 4b, and a housing 4c.
- the housing 4c is a box made of plastic, into which the rod-shaped electrode 4a is inserted from the upper surface, the interior of which is provided with a Na selective membrane 4b, and which is filled with an electrode solution.
- the Na selective membrane 4b is a membrane that selectively permeates Na ions.
- the electrode 4a detects the potential generated in the electrode solution by Na ions that have passed through the Na selective membrane 4b.
- the potential detected by electrode 4a is transmitted through wiring 28a.
- the ISE unit 4 for Na is connected to the channel 29 so that the Na selective membrane 4b contacts the electrolytic solution flowing in the direction of the arrow A in the channel 29 .
- the ISE unit 5 for K and the ISE unit 6 for Cl have the same structure as the ISE unit 4 for Na, and each includes an electrode 5a, a K-selective membrane 5b, a housing 5c and an electrode 6a, a Cl-selective membrane 6b, and a housing 6c. have.
- the K-selective film 5b is a film selectively permeable to K ions
- the Cl-selective film 6b is a film selectively permeable to Cl ions.
- the ISE section 5 for K and the ISE section 6 for Cl are also connected to the channel 29 in the same manner as the ISE section 4 for Na.
- the electrolyte solution flowing through the flow path 29 contains proteins and organic substances in the sample, and foreign substances such as bacteria falling from the atmosphere. Such foreign matter adheres to the Na selective film 4b or the like, or accumulates on the inner walls and connecting portions of the flow path 29, thereby causing the Na ISE portion 4, the K ISE portion 5, and the Cl ISE portion 6 to become unusable. Decrease response or sensitivity. Therefore, in order to maintain the analytical performance of the electrolyte analyzer 100, the flow path 29, the ISE section 4 for Na, and the like are periodically cleaned.
- Example 1 since the concentration of ions contained in the detergent used for cleaning is high, the state of the Na ISE unit 4 and the like is determined based on the evaluation value calculated using the potential measured during cleaning. An abnormality is detected at an early stage by making the determination.
- the computer 24 operates the dispensing nozzle 2 , the sipper syringe 8 , and the like to supply the cleaning detergent to the channel 29 .
- the detergent is dispensed from the detergent rack containing the detergent to the dilution tank 3 by the dispensing nozzle 2, the first valve 12 and the third valve 14 are closed, and the pinch valve 11 and the second valve 13 are opened.
- the detergent in the dilution tank 3 is supplied to the channel 29 by the suction of the sipper syringe 8 in the state of .
- the detergent dispensed into the dilution tank 3 may be supplied to the channel 29 as it is, or may be supplied after being diluted with a diluent.
- As the detergent a solution containing Na ions, K ions, and Cl ions with a concentration of about 1000 times that of the sample or standard solution, such as sodium hypochlorite or sodium hydroxide, is used.
- the computer 24 measures the potential of the detergent in the channel 29 using the ISE section 4 for Na, the ISE section 5 for K, and the ISE section 6 for Cl, and calculates the ion concentration based on the measured potential.
- the computer 24 operates the sipper syringe 8 and the like to discharge the detergent from the channel 29 .
- the detergent in the flow path 29 is sucked into the sipper syringe 8, and the third valve 14 is closed.
- the detergent is discharged from the sipper syringe 8 in a state in which the second valve 13 is switched to open and closed.
- the computer 24 determines whether or not the detergent has been sucked and discharged a predetermined number of times. If the predetermined number of times has been reached, the process proceeds to S305, and if not, the process returns to S301.
- the predetermined number of times is set to the number of times that the channel 29, the ISE section 4 for Na, the ISE section 5 for K, and the ISE section 6 for Cl are sufficiently washed, for example, 15 times. That is, if 15 times is set as the predetermined number of times, cleaning and potential measurement in S302 are performed 15 times.
- the computer 24 calculates a rate of deviation VR for evaluating carryover based on the potential measured in S302, for example, using the following equation.
- VR (V1 ⁇ Vave)/Vave (Formula 1)
- V1 is the potential measured during the first washing
- Vave is the average potential after stabilization.
- the potential after stabilization is the potential after the value of the potential measured during cleaning reaches a certain level.
- the standard solution which is the solution before replacement
- the standard solution which is the solution before replacement
- the residual amount of the standard solution increases as the degree of deterioration of the ion-selective electrode and the degree of liquid leakage from the connecting portion with the channel 29 increases.
- the residual amount of the standard solution decreases each time washing is repeated, and reaches a certain level.
- V1 which is the potential measured immediately after the standard solution is replaced with detergent
- Vave which is the average potential when the remaining amount of the standard solution is reduced to a certain level by washing multiple times
- Equation 1 the greater the deviation rate VR, the greater the degree of deterioration of the ion-selective electrode, or the more liquid leaks from the connecting portion between the ion-selective electrode and the flow path 29 .
- the calculated deviation rate VR is stored in the memory 27 as one of the evaluation values used for determining the presence or absence of abnormality.
- the potential after stabilization may be specified based on the number of washings and changes in potential.
- three or more potentials measured after three or more washes are designated as potentials after stabilization. For example, if the predetermined number of times is 15, the potential measured during the 13th to 15th washings is the potential after stabilization.
- the difference between the potential measured during the n-th wash and the potential measured during the n+1th wash is within a predetermined range, and the difference between the first and last potentials is within a predetermined range. and the measured potential is designated as the potential after stabilization.
- Conditions related to the potential after stabilization such as selection of the number of washings and changes in potential, may be set by the operator.
- the setting screen 400 has a washing frequency selection button 401 , a potential transition selection button 402 , a frequency setting section 403 and a potential setting section 404 , and is displayed on the monitor 26 .
- the number of washings selection button 401 is clicked when the operator selects the number of washings.
- the frequency setting unit 403 becomes operable.
- the frequency setting unit 403 sets the frequency specified as the potential after stabilization.
- the potential transition selection button 402 is clicked when the operator selects potential transition.
- the potential setting section 404 becomes operable.
- the potential setting unit 404 sets the allowable value of the difference between the potential measured nth time and the potential measured n+1th time and the allowable value of the difference between the first and last potentials.
- the computer 24 calculates the average ion concentration of the detergent from the average potential after stabilization obtained in S305.
- the calculated average value is stored in the memory 27 as one of the evaluation values used to determine whether there is an abnormality.
- the computer 24 operates the dispensing nozzle 2, the sipper syringe 8, etc. to repeat the supply and discharge of the conditioner to the channel 29.
- FIG. The supply and discharge of conditioner are performed similarly to the supply of detergent in S301 and the discharge of detergent in S303.
- the conditioner is a solution that makes the inner wall of the channel 29, which has been made hydrophobic by supplying the detergent, hydrophilic, and contains protein.
- the computer 24 operates the standard solution syringe 9 , the sipper syringe 8 , and the like to supply the standard solution to the channel 29 .
- the standard solution is sucked from the standard solution bottle 20 into the standard solution syringe 9 with the first standard solution valve 15 closed and the second standard solution valve 16 open.
- the standard liquid is discharged from the standard liquid syringe 9 into the dilution tank 3 in a state where the first standard liquid valve 15 is opened and the second standard liquid valve 16 is closed.
- the sipper syringe 8 sucks the standard solution in the dilution tank 3 to the flow path 29. be.
- the computer 24 measures the potential of the standard solution in the channel 29 using the ISE unit 4 for Na, the ISE unit 5 for K, and the ISE unit 6 for Cl, and calculates the ion concentration based on the measured potential. .
- the computer 24 operates the sipper syringe 8 and the like to discharge the standard solution from the channel 29 .
- the discharge of the standard solution from the channel 29 is executed in the same manner as the discharge of the detergent in S303.
- the rinsing is performed once.
- the computer 24 determines whether the previous difference, which is the difference between the potential measured in S309 and the potential measured last time, is within a predetermined range, for example ⁇ 0.2 mV. If the previous difference is within the predetermined range, the process proceeds to S312, and if not within the predetermined range, the process returns to S308. That is, if the difference from the previous time is not within a predetermined range, it is determined that rinsing is insufficient, and rinsing by supplying and discharging the standard solution is performed again for the channel 29 .
- the computer 24 calculates the average value of the ion concentration of the standard solution from the values of the ion concentration for multiple times calculated in S309.
- the calculated average value is stored in the memory 27 as one of the evaluation values used to determine whether there is an abnormality.
- the computer 24 calculates the next deviation rate prediction value VR(N+1) from the current deviation rate VR(N) calculated in S306 and the previously calculated deviation rate VR(N ⁇ 1) using, for example, the following equation: calculated by
- the calculated next deviation rate prediction value VR(N+1) is stored in the memory 27 as one of the evaluation values used to determine the presence or absence of an abnormality. Note that calculation of the next deviation rate prediction value is not limited to (Equation 2).
- the next deviation rate prediction value VR(N+1) may be calculated by applying an extrapolation method to the deviation rates VR(1) to VR(N) before this time.
- the computer 24 determines whether there is an abnormality based on at least one of the evaluation values calculated in S305, S306, S312, and S313. If there is an abnormality, a screen notifying of the abnormality is displayed on the monitor 26 .
- FIG. 5 illustrates, as evaluation values, the deviation rate of the potential of the detergent, the average value of the ion concentration of the detergent, the average value of the ion concentration of the standard solution, and the predicted value of the deviation rate.
- evaluation values an example of the normal range, the content of the assumed abnormality, and an example of a screen at the time of abnormality are shown.
- the potential divergence rate of the detergent is an evaluation value calculated in S305, and is used to evaluate carryover.
- the normal range is set according to laboratory regulations, eg less than 5%.
- Screen example 1 is displayed.
- carryover abnormality is indicated as an alarm name.
- a display prompting the operator to perform maintenance such as replacement of the ion-selective electrode or cleaning of the vicinity of the channel 29 is displayed.
- the average ion concentration of the detergent is the evaluation value calculated in S306, and is used to evaluate the high-concentration region.
- the normal range is set according to the ion concentration of the detergent, eg 5 to 7 (mol/L).
- screen example 2 illustrated in FIG. 7 is displayed.
- an abnormality in a high-density area is displayed as an alarm name.
- a display prompting the operator to replace the ion-selective electrode or perform maintenance of the device is displayed. As the maintenance of the device, the operator checks whether the channel 29 near the sipper syringe 8 is cracked, dirty, or clogged.
- the average value of the ion concentration of the standard solution is the evaluation value calculated in S312, and is used to evaluate the low concentration region.
- the normal range is set according to the ion concentration of the standard solution, eg 0.004 to 0.005 (mol/L).
- screen example 3 illustrated in FIG. 8 is displayed.
- an abnormality in a low-density area is displayed as an alarm name.
- a display prompting the operator to replace the ion-selective electrode or perform maintenance of the device is displayed. Since an abnormality can be detected earlier in a high-density area than in a low-density area, when an abnormality occurs in a low-density area, an abnormality in a high-density area also occurs.
- the predicted deviation rate is the evaluation value calculated in S313, and is used for evaluation of preventive detection of carryover.
- the normal range is set according to laboratory regulations, eg less than 5%. If the predicted deviation rate deviates from the normal range, it is determined that a carryover abnormality will occur during the next cleaning, for example, if the electrolyte analyzer 100 is cleaned every day, the next day's cleaning, as illustrated in FIG. Screen example 4 is displayed. In example 4 of the screen, the warning of carryover is displayed as the alarm name. In addition, a display prompting the operator to prepare for replacement of the ion-selective electrode and for maintenance of the apparatus is provided.
- the operator checks the inventory of the ion selective electrode and places an order for the ion selective electrode. Furthermore, the predicted value of the rate of deviation is not limited to the next time, and the predicted value of the time after next may be calculated.
- FIG. 10 a display example of the transition of the predicted value of the deviation rate will be described.
- the vertical axis is the rate of deviation
- the horizontal axis is the (scheduled) date of use of the electrolyte analyzer 100. Cleaning is performed every day, with 8/2 being the previous time, 8/3 being the current time, and 8/4 being the next time. be.
- the predicted value of the deviation rate for the next time is calculated as A+B ⁇ 1 from the current deviation rate A and the difference B between the previous deviation rate and the current deviation rate according to (Equation 2).
- the rate of divergence after the next round is also calculated as A+B ⁇ 2, A+B ⁇ 3, A+B ⁇ 4, . . . by repeatedly using (Formula 2).
- FIG. 10 shows that 8/4 to 8/6 of the predicted values of the deviation rate after the next time are within the normal range, and 8/7 deviates from the normal range. Preparations such as replacement can be carried out systematically.
- Determining the presence or absence of an abnormality based on a combination of multiple evaluation values will be described with reference to FIG. Since an abnormality can be detected earlier in the high-concentration region than in the low-concentration region, the difference between the rate of divergence in S305 and the high-concentration region in S306, which is determined when a detergent with a high concentration of ions is supplied. A combination of presence and absence will be described.
- Pattern 1 is a case where there is no abnormality in the rate of deviation and the high-density region, but there is an abnormality in the predicted value of the rate of deviation.
- screen example 4 illustrated in FIG. 9 is displayed. If there is no abnormality in the predicted deviation rate, the monitor 26 does not display the screen informing of the abnormality. Since there is no abnormality in the high concentration region, there is no abnormality in the low concentration region.
- Pattern 2 is a case where there is an abnormality in the deviation rate and the high-density area.
- pattern 2 in addition to screen example 1 in FIG. 6, which is a screen that notifies an abnormality in the rate of divergence, and screen example 2 in FIG. is displayed.
- screen example 5 multiple errors are displayed as alarm names.
- a display prompting the operator to replace or maintain the ion-selective electrode and to perform maintenance of the apparatus is displayed. If there is an abnormality in the high-density area, there may or may not be an abnormality in the low-density area.
- Pattern 3 is a case where there is an abnormality in the deviation rate and no abnormality in the high-density area.
- screen example 1 illustrated in FIG. 6 is displayed. Since there is no abnormality in the high concentration region, there is no abnormality in the low concentration region.
- Pattern 4 is a case where there is no abnormality in the deviation rate and there is abnormality in the high-density area.
- screen example 2 illustrated in FIG. 7 is displayed. If there is an abnormality in the high-density area, there may or may not be an abnormality in the low-density area. If there is an abnormality in the high-density area and the low-density area, screen example 5 of FIG. 12 may be displayed.
- the determination of the presence or absence of an abnormality based on multiple evaluation values is not limited to the combinations shown in FIG.
- the elapsed time since each part of the electrolyte analyzer 100 was replaced may be used as the evaluation value. Since it is unlikely that an abnormality will occur in a part that has just been replaced, a part that requires maintenance may be selected according to the length of time that has elapsed since the replacement. For example, a screen display may be displayed to prompt maintenance of a part that has been replaced for more than a predetermined period of time.
- the state of the ion-selective electrode and the like is determined based on the measured value when the detergent having a high concentration of ions is supplied to the channel 29, so that an abnormality can be detected early. can be done.
- preparations for replacement of the ion-selective electrode can be made systematically, and the time and effort required for replacement, etc., and waste of materials can be saved.
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Abstract
Description
コンピュータ24は、分注ノズル2やシッパーシリンジ8等を動作させて、洗浄用の洗剤を流路29へ供給する。具体的には、洗剤が収容される洗剤ラックから希釈槽3に分注ノズル2によって洗剤が分注され、第一弁12と第三弁14が閉、ピンチ弁11と第二弁13が開の状態でシッパーシリンジ8が吸引することによって希釈槽3の中の洗剤が流路29へ供給される。なお希釈槽3に分注された洗剤は、そのまま流路29へ供給されても良いし、希釈液によって希釈されてから供給されても良い。また洗剤には、NaイオンやKイオン、Clイオンの濃度が試料や標準液に対して1000倍程度のもの、例えば次亜塩素酸ナトリウムや水酸化ナトリウムを含む溶液が使用される。
コンピュータ24は、Na用ISE部4、K用ISE部5、Cl用ISE部6により、流路29の中の洗剤の電位を測定するとともに、測定された電位に基づいてイオン濃度を算出する。
コンピュータ24は、シッパーシリンジ8等を動作させて、流路29から洗剤を排出する。具体的には、第一弁12と第三弁14が閉、ピンチ弁11と第二弁13が開の状態で流路29の中の洗剤がシッパーシリンジ8に吸引され、第三弁14が開、第二弁13が閉に切り替えられた状態でシッパーシリンジ8から洗剤が排出される。S301における流路29への洗剤の供給とS303における流路29からの洗剤の排出により、洗浄が1回実行されたことになる。
コンピュータ24は、洗剤の吸引と排出が所定回数に達したか否かを判定する。所定回数に達していればS305へ処理が進められ、達していなければS301へ処理が戻される。所定回数には、流路29やNa用ISE部4、K用ISE部5、Cl用ISE部6が十分に洗浄される回数、例えば15回が設定される。すなわち、所定回数として15回が設定されれば、洗浄とS302における電位の測定が15回実行される。
コンピュータ24は、S302で測定された電位に基づき、キャリーオーバを評価するための乖離率VRを、例えば次式を用いて算出する。
ここでV1は1回目の洗浄時に測定された電位、Vaveは安定後の電位の平均である。なお安定後の電位とは、洗浄時に測定された電位の値が一定レベルに達した後の電位である。
コンピュータ24は、S305で求められた安定後の電位の平均から、洗剤のイオン濃度の平均値を算出する。算出された平均値は、異常の有無の判定に用いられる評価値の一つとしてメモリ27に記憶される。
コンピュータ24は、分注ノズル2やシッパーシリンジ8等を動作させて、流路29へのコンディショナーの供給及び排出を繰り返させる。コンディショナーの供給及び排出は、S301での洗剤の供給及びS303での洗剤の排出と同様に実行される。コンディショナーは、洗剤の供給によって疎水性になった流路29の内壁を親水性にする溶液であり、タンパク質を含むものが使用される。
コンピュータ24は、標準液用シリンジ9やシッパーシリンジ8等を動作させて、標準液を流路29へ供給する。具体的には、まず標準液用第一弁15が閉、標準液用第二弁16が開の状態で標準液ボトル20から標準液用シリンジ9に標準液が吸引される。そして標準液用第一弁15が開、標準液用第二弁16が閉に切り替えられた状態で標準液用シリンジ9から希釈槽3へ標準液が吐出される。次に第一弁12と第三弁14が閉、ピンチ弁11と第二弁13が開の状態でシッパーシリンジ8が吸引することによって希釈槽3の中の標準液が流路29へ供給される。
コンピュータ24は、Na用ISE部4、K用ISE部5、Cl用ISE部6により、流路29の中の標準液の電位を測定するとともに、測定された電位に基づいてイオン濃度を算出する。
コンピュータ24は、シッパーシリンジ8等を動作させて、流路29から標準液を排出する。流路29からの標準液の排出は、S303での洗剤の排出と同様に実行される。S308における流路29への標準液の供給とS310における流路29からの標準液の排出により、すすぎが1回実行されたことになる。
コンピュータ24は、S309で測定された電位と前回測定された電位との差である前回差が所定の範囲、例えば±0.2mV以内であるか否かを判定する。前回差が所定の範囲内であればS312へ処理が進められ、所定の範囲内でなければS308へ処理が戻される。すなわち前回差が所定の範囲内でなければすすぎ不足であるとして、標準液の供給と排出によるすすぎが流路29に対して再度実行される。
コンピュータ24は、S309で算出されたイオン濃度の複数回分の値から、標準液のイオン濃度の平均値を算出する。算出された平均値は、異常の有無の判定に用いられる評価値の一つとしてメモリ27に記憶される。
コンピュータ24は、S306で算出された今回の乖離率VR(N)と前回算出された乖離率VR(N-1)とから次回の乖離率の予測値VR(N+1)を、例えば次式を用いて算出する。
なおイオン選択性電極が交換された直後はN=1であって、VR(0)=0とする。すなわち、次回の乖離率の予測値VR(2)は2・VR(1)として算出される。
コンピュータ24は、S305、S306、S312、S313で算出される評価値の少なくとも一つに基づいて、異常の有無を判定する。異常が有る場合、異常を知らせる画面がモニタ26に表示される。
Claims (9)
- 試料に含まれるイオンの濃度に応じた電位である試料電位が生じるイオン選択性電極と、
基準となる電位である基準電位が生じる比較電極と、
前記試料電位と前記基準電位との電位差に基づいて前記イオンの濃度を算出する濃度算出部を備える電解質分析装置であって、
洗剤が供給されたときに前記イオン選択性電極で生じる電位である洗剤電位を用いて算出される評価値に基づいて異常の有無を判定する異常判定部をさらに備えることを特徴とする電解質分析装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電解質分析装置であって、
前記異常判定部は、前記洗剤の供給と排出が繰り返される毎に測定される前記洗剤電位から算出される乖離率を前記評価値として用いることを特徴とする電解質分析装置。 - 請求項2に記載の電解質分析装置であって、
前記異常判定部は、1回目の洗剤供給時に測定される洗剤電位と、前記洗剤の供給と排出が繰り返される間に一定のレベルに達した後の洗剤電位の平均値とを用いて前記乖離率を算出することを特徴とする電解質分析装置。 - 請求項2に記載の電解質分析装置であって、
前記異常判定部は、今回算出された乖離率と前回算出された乖離率とから算出される次回の乖離率の予測値を前記評価値として用いることを特徴とする電解質分析装置。 - 請求項3に記載の電解質分析装置であって、
前記異常判定部は、次々回以降の乖離率の予測値をさらに算出し、乖離率の予測値の推移を表示させることを特徴とする電解質分析装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電解質分析装置であって、
前記異常判定部は、前記洗剤の供給と排出が繰り返される毎に測定される前記洗剤電位が一定のレベルに達した後の電位の平均値から算出されるイオン濃度を前記評価値として用いることを特徴とする電解質分析装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電解質分析装置であって、
前記異常判定部は、標準液が供給されたときに前記イオン選択性電極で生じる電位から算出されるイオン濃度を前記評価値として用いることを特徴とする電解質分析装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電解質分析装置であって、
前記洗剤として、次亜塩素酸ナトリウムまたは水酸化ナトリウムが含まれる溶液が使用されることを特徴とする電解質分析装置。 - 試料に含まれるイオンの濃度に応じた電位である試料電位が生じるイオン選択性電極と、
基準となる電位である基準電位が生じる比較電極と、
前記試料電位と前記基準電位との電位差に基づいて前記イオンの濃度を算出する濃度算出部を備える電解質分析装置の異常判定方法であって、
洗剤が供給されたときに前記イオン選択性電極で生じる電位である洗剤電位を検出するステップと、
前記洗剤電位を用いて評価値を算出するステップと、
前記評価値に基づいて異常の有無を判定するステップを備えることを特徴とする異常判定方法。
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