WO2017110980A1 - 増強された活性を有する抗体及びその改変方法 - Google Patents
増強された活性を有する抗体及びその改変方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017110980A1 WO2017110980A1 PCT/JP2016/088299 JP2016088299W WO2017110980A1 WO 2017110980 A1 WO2017110980 A1 WO 2017110980A1 JP 2016088299 W JP2016088299 W JP 2016088299W WO 2017110980 A1 WO2017110980 A1 WO 2017110980A1
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- antibody
- amino acid
- blood coagulation
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- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/36—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against blood coagulation factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/30—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency
- C07K2317/31—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency multispecific
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
- C07K2317/52—Constant or Fc region; Isotype
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
- C07K2317/52—Constant or Fc region; Isotype
- C07K2317/526—CH3 domain
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
- C07K2317/52—Constant or Fc region; Isotype
- C07K2317/53—Hinge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
- C07K2317/75—Agonist effect on antigen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/90—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by (pharmaco)kinetic aspects or by stability of the immunoglobulin
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antibody having enhanced activity, a pharmaceutical composition containing such an antibody as an active ingredient, a method for producing them, a method for increasing the activity of the antibody, and the like. More specifically, it relates to a bispecific antibody having higher blood coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) -like activity than ACE910.
- FVIII blood coagulation factor VIII
- Non-Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 are attracting attention as pharmaceuticals because of their high stability in plasma and few side effects. Among them, many IgG-type antibody drugs are on the market, and many antibody drugs have been developed (Non-Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).
- Hemophilia A is an abnormal bleeding due to congenital FVIII functional decline or deficiency.
- FVIII preparations are usually administered (on-demand administration).
- FVIII preparations are administered prophylactically to prevent bleeding events (Non-patent Documents 1 and 2) (preventive administration).
- the blood half-life of the FVIII preparation is about 12 to 16 hours. Therefore, for continuous prevention, FVIII preparations are administered to patients 3 times a week (Non-patent Documents 3 and 4).
- on-demand administration in order to prevent rebleeding, FVIII preparations are additionally administered at regular intervals as necessary.
- administration of the FVIII preparation is performed intravenously. Therefore, there has been a strong demand for a drug that has a lower administration burden than the FVIII preparation.
- Inhibitors against FVIII occur in hemophilia patients. Inhibitors counteract the effects of the FVIII formulation.
- a bypass formulation is administered for bleeding in patients with inhibitors (inhibitor patients). Their mechanism of action is independent of the function of FVIII, ie the ability to catalyze the activation of blood coagulation factor X (FX) by activated blood coagulation factor IX (FIXa). Therefore, there are cases where the bypass preparation cannot sufficiently stop bleeding. Therefore, there has been a strong demand for drugs that are independent of the presence of inhibitors and that substitute for the function of FVIII.
- Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, and 4 Bispecific antibodies that substitute for the function of FVIII and their use have been reported.
- Bispecific antibodies against FIXa and FX can exhibit FVIII-like activity and substitute for the function of FVIII by positioning both factors in the vicinity (Non-patent Document 5). It has been reported that the FVIII-like activity of the antibody can be improved by optimizing the affinity for FIXa and FX (Non-patent Document 6).
- the FVIII-like activity of the antibody is affected by the isotype of IgG, the disulfide bond pattern, the amino acid sequence of the hinge region, and the presence or absence of sugar chains in the Fc region (Non-patent Document 7).
- ACE910 which is one of the antibodies and has a high FVIII-like activity, has been reported to exert a hemostatic effect in a monkey hemophilia model (Non-patent Documents 8 and 9). However, no bispecific antibody having an FVIII-like activity higher than that of ACE910 has been reported so far.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has an antibody having enhanced activity, a pharmaceutical composition containing such an antibody as an active ingredient, a method for producing them, and a method for enhancing the activity of the antibody
- the purpose is to provide. More specifically, a constant region mutation for producing a bispecific antibody having higher FVIII-like activity than ACE910, and an anti-FIXa / FX bispecific antibody having the same mutation, which is effective It is an object of the present invention to provide a pharmaceutical composition containing as a component, or a method for treating hemophilia A using the pharmaceutical composition.
- the present inventors have created ACE910 mutants in which various sites of the constant region are modified, and succeeded in finding a bispecific antibody having FVIII-like activity higher than that of ACE910.
- the present invention is based on such knowledge and relates to [1] to [15] below.
- the H chain consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 and the L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated with each other before the modification.
- the composition according to [6] which is a disease that develops and / or progresses due to a decrease or deficiency in the activity of a factor.
- Diseases that develop and / or develop due to decreased or deficient activity of blood coagulation factor VIII and / or activated blood coagulation factor VIII are hemophilia A, acquired hemophilia, von Willebrand disease or
- the composition according to [7] which is a disease in which an inhibitor against blood coagulation factor VIII and / or activated blood coagulation factor VIII appears.
- the H chain composed of the amino acid sequence described in 1 and the L chain composed of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated, and the H chain composed of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 2 and the amino acid described in SEQ ID NO: 3
- the method, wherein at least one amino acid residue of a constant region of a bispecific antibody to which an L chain consisting of a sequence is associated is modified.
- a method for producing a blood coagulation factor IX and / or activated blood coagulation factor IX, and a bispecific antibody against blood coagulation factor X comprising: (a) at least one amino acid residue in the constant region Is modified, the H chain consisting of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 and the L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated, and consists of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 2.
- An antibody comprising the amino acid residue so that the blood coagulation factor VIII-like activity is enhanced as compared with a bispecific antibody in which the H chain and the L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated; Modifying the encoding nucleic acid, (b) culturing the host cell to express the nucleic acid, and (c) recovering the antibody from the host cell culture.
- a method for preventing and / or treating bleeding, a disease accompanied by bleeding, or a disease caused by bleeding which comprises the step of administering the antibody according to any one of [1] to [5].
- the disease is a disease that develops and / or progresses due to decreased or deficient activity of blood coagulation factor VIII and / or activated blood coagulation factor VIII, preferably hemophilia A, acquired blood
- an antibody according to [18] an antibody according to [18].
- a bispecific antibody having higher FVIII-like activity than ACE910 was provided. Also provided are mutations that increase FVIII-like activity and methods for increasing FVIII-like activity using the mutations.
- FIG. 4 shows the effect of various bispecific antibody formats on the FVIII-like activity of ACE910. It is the figure which showed FVIII like activity of ACE910 and T08 It is the figure which showed FVIII like activity of ACE910 and T46P
- One embodiment of the present invention relates to an antibody comprising a modified constant region, wherein the constant region contains a mutation of at least one amino acid residue and has a higher activity than the antibody before the modification.
- the “antibody containing a constant region” in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an antibody containing a constant region, and may be an IgG type or a bispecific antibody.
- the constant region as one embodiment of the present invention is preferably an antibody constant region, more preferably an IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4 type antibody constant region, and even more preferably human IgG1, IgG2, IgG3. IgG4 type antibody constant region.
- the constant region as another embodiment of the present invention is preferably a heavy chain constant region, more preferably an IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4 type heavy chain constant region, and still more preferably a human. IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 heavy chain constant regions.
- the amino acid sequences of human IgG1 constant region, human IgG2 constant region, human IgG3 constant region and human IgG4 constant region are known.
- constant regions of human IgG1, human IgG2, human IgG3, and human IgG4 antibodies multiple allotype sequences due to gene polymorphisms are described in SequencesSof proteins of immunological interest, NIH Publication No.91-3242. Any of them may be used.
- the constant region in which the amino acid of the present invention is modified may contain other amino acid mutations and modifications as long as it contains the amino acid mutation of the present invention.
- the Fc region includes an amino acid sequence derived from the constant region of the antibody heavy chain.
- the Fc region is a part of the heavy chain constant region of the antibody including the hinge, CH2 and CH3 domains from the N-terminus of the hinge region at the papain cleavage site at the approximately amino acid position 216 represented by EU numbering.
- hinge region refers to linking the CH1 and CH2 domains in a wild-type antibody heavy chain, eg, from around 216 to around 230 according to Kabat's EU numbering system, or according to Kabat's EU numbering system. For example, it means the antibody heavy chain polypeptide portion from about position 226 to about position 230.
- the hinge region of other IgG subclasses can be determined by aligning with the hinge region cysteine residues of the IgG1 subclass sequence.
- the polypeptide in the present invention usually refers to peptides and proteins having a length of about 10 amino acids or more.
- it is usually a biological polypeptide, but is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a polypeptide comprising an artificially designed sequence.
- any of natural polypeptide, synthetic polypeptide, recombinant polypeptide, etc. may be sufficient.
- fragments of the above polypeptides are also included in the polypeptides of the present invention.
- the amino acid positions assigned to CDRs and FRs of antibodies are defined according to Kabat (Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest (National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Md. , 1987 and 1991.
- Kabat Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest
- the amino acids in the variable region are in accordance with Kabat numbering
- the amino acids in the constant region are EU numbering according to the amino acid position of Kabat. It is expressed according to
- “Amino acid residue modification” as one embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a modification that enhances the activity as compared with the antibody before the modification, and is preferably a modification in the CH3 region or the hinge region. Particularly preferred is a modification at position 434 of EU numbering, and more preferred is a modification of changing EU numbering position 434 from Asn (N) to Tyr (Y). Particularly preferred is a modification in the hinge region, and more preferred is a modification in which EU numbering at positions 216 to 230 is AAAC. It should be noted that the present invention also includes a modification in which EU numbering 216 to 230 is made AAAA by modifying a part of EU numbering 216 to 230. Moreover, as long as the said mutation is included, the other variation
- “modification” or “modifying” means replacing an original amino acid residue with another amino acid residue, deleting the original amino acid residue, a new amino acid It refers to adding a residue, a combination thereof, and the like. “Mutation” refers to substitution of an original amino acid residue with another amino acid residue, deletion of the original amino acid residue, addition of a new amino acid residue, a combination thereof, and the like. In the present specification, “modification” and “mutation” are used synonymously.
- “Activity” as one embodiment of the present invention refers to, but is not limited to, for example, a binding force of an antibody to an antigen, a biological action caused by binding of an antibody to an antigen, and the like.
- the antibody is a bispecific antibody against blood coagulation factor IX (FIX) and / or activated blood coagulation factor IX (FIXa) and blood coagulation factor X (FX), for example, activity is blood coagulation factor FVIII factor (FVIII) -like activity.
- FVIII blood coagulation factor
- the FVIII-like activity of the bispecific antibody after modification is FVIII of the bispecific antibody before modification. It means that it is higher than the activity.
- FVIII FVIII is one of a series of molecules involved in blood coagulation. When activated by thrombin or FXa, it exhibits cofactor activity and promotes FX activation by FIXa.
- FVIII-like activity of the present invention can also be referred to as FVIII function-substituting activity, activity substituting FVIII function, FXa production promoting activity, and activity promoting FXa production.
- substitution of FVIII function and “substitution of FVIII function” mean promoting the activation of FX by FIXa (promoting the production of FXa by FIXa). More specifically, in the present invention, “substitute FVIII function” recognizes FIX and / or FIXa and FX and promotes the activation of FX by FIXa (facilitates the production of FXa by FIXa) ) Means.
- FXa production promoting activity can be evaluated by a measurement system comprising, for example, FIXa, FX, synthetic substrate S-2222 (FXa synthetic substrate), and phospholipid.
- a measurement system correlates with disease severity and clinical symptoms in hemophilia A cases (Rosen S, Andersson M, Blomba ⁇ ck M et al. Clinical applications of a chromogenic substrate method for determination of FVIII activity. Thromb Haemost 1985; 54: 811-23).
- the antibody is not particularly limited, but preferably exemplifies bispecific antibodies against FIX and / or FIXa having an activity that substitutes for the function of FVIII, and FX. it can.
- Such an antibody can be obtained, for example, according to the method described in WO2005 / 035756, WO2006 / 109592, WO2012 / 067176, and the like.
- the antibodies described in these references are included in the antibodies of the present invention.
- ACE910 (emicizumab) (Q499-z121 / J327-z119 / L404-k) (described in SEQ ID NO: 1), which is a bispecific antibody described in the patent document (WO 2012/067176)
- the H chain (Q chain) consisting of the amino acid sequence and the L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated, and the H chain (J chain) consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 and SEQ ID NO: Bispecific antibody in which the L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence described in 3 is associated).
- the L chain of the antibody is a so-called common L chain.
- ACE910 is also referred to as ACE910-A.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a bispecific antibody against modified FIX and / or FIXa, and FX, comprising a modification of at least one amino acid residue in the constant region of the antibody, prior to the modification
- the H chain consisting of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 and the L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated, and the H chain consisting of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 2 and the sequence
- the antibody has a higher FVIII-like activity than the bispecific antibody in which the L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence of No. 3 is associated.
- One specific embodiment of the present invention is that the H chain consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 and the L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated, and the amino acid set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2 A bispecific antibody against FIX and / or FIXa and FX, wherein the H chain consisting of the sequence and the L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated, wherein EU numbering position 434 is Tyr ( Y) is an antibody.
- an H chain consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 and an L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated, and SEQ ID NO: 2 A bispecific antibody against FIX and / or FIXa and FX, wherein the H chain consisting of the amino acid sequence described in the above and the L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated with each other, comprising EU numbering 216 It is an antibody whose position to position 230 is AAAC.
- antibody is used in the broadest sense, and as long as it exhibits the desired activity, monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, dimers, multimers, multispecific antibodies (eg, bispecific antibodies), antibody derivatives And modified antibody (Miller ⁇ K et al. J Immunol. 2003, 170 (9), 4854-61).
- the antibody may be a mouse antibody, a human antibody, a humanized antibody, a chimeric antibody, or may be derived from another species or artificially synthesized.
- the antibodies disclosed herein can be any type of immunoglobulin molecule (eg, IgG, IgE, IgM, IgD and IgA), class (eg, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgA1 and IgA2) or subclass. It can be.
- the immunoglobulin can be from any species (eg, human, mouse or rabbit).
- the terms “antibody”, “immunoglobulin” and “immunoglobulin” are used interchangeably in a broad sense.
- Antibody derivatives comprise a portion of an antibody, preferably the variable region of an antibody, or at least the antigen binding region of an antibody.
- the antibody derivative for example Fab, Fab ', F (ab ') 2, Fv fragments, linear antibodies, single-chain antibodies (scFv), sc (Fv) 2, Fab 3, domain antibodies (dAb) (WO 2004/058821, International Publication No. 2003/002609), including but not limited to multispecific antibodies formed from diabodies, triabodies, tetrabodies, minibodies and antibody derivatives.
- Fab is composed of one light chain and the CH1 region and variable region of one heavy chain.
- “Fv” is the smallest antibody derivative and includes a complete antigen recognition region and an antigen binding region.
- the antibody derivative may be, for example, a fusion of IgG antibody with Fc.
- US Pat. No. 5,461,870, Example 2 Zapata G et al. Protein Eng. 1995, 8 (10), 1057-1062; Olafsen T et al. Protein Eng. Design & Sel. 2004, 17 (4 ): 315-323; Holliger P et al. Nat. Biotechnol. 2005, 23 (9); 1126-36; Fischer N et al. Pathobiology. 2007, 74 (1): 3-14; Shen J et al. J Immunol Methods. 2007, 318, 65-74; Wu et al. Nat Biotechnol. 2007, 25 (11), 1290-7.
- modified antibody examples include antibodies bound to various molecules such as polyethylene glycol (PEG).
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- the antibody of the present invention includes these modified antibodies.
- the substance to be bound is not limited. In order to obtain such a modified antibody, it can be obtained by chemically modifying the obtained antibody. These methods are already established in this field.
- Bispecific antibody refers to an antibody having variable regions that recognize different epitopes within the same antibody molecule.
- the bispecific antibody may be an antibody that recognizes two or more different antigens, or an antibody that recognizes two or more different epitopes on the same antigen.
- Bispecific antibodies may include whole antibodies as well as antibody derivatives.
- the antibodies of the present invention also include bispecific antibodies.
- the anti-FIXa / FX bispecific antibody is used synonymously with a bispecific antibody that binds to FIXa and FX.
- a recombinant antibody produced using a gene recombination technique can be used.
- Recombinant antibodies are produced by cloning DNA encoding them from hybridomas or antibody-producing cells such as sensitized lymphocytes that produce antibodies, incorporating them into vectors, and introducing them into hosts (host cells). Can be obtained.
- the origin of the antibody is not limited, such as a human antibody, a mouse antibody, or a rat antibody. Further, it may be a genetically modified antibody such as a chimeric antibody or a humanized antibody. Methods for obtaining human antibodies are already known.
- a target human antibody can be obtained by immunizing a transgenic animal having all repertoires of human antibody genes with a target antigen (International Patent Application Publication) No. WO 93/12227, WO 92/03918, WO 94/02602, WO 94/25585, WO 96/34096, WO 96/33735).
- Genetically modified antibodies can be produced using known methods.
- a chimeric antibody is an antibody comprising the H chain and L chain variable regions of an immunized animal antibody, and the H chain and L chain constant regions of a human antibody.
- a chimeric antibody can be obtained by ligating a DNA encoding the variable region of an antibody derived from an immunized animal with a DNA encoding the constant region of a human antibody, incorporating it into an expression vector, introducing it into a host, and producing it.
- a humanized antibody is a modified antibody also referred to as a reshaped human antibody.
- Humanized antibodies are constructed by grafting the CDRs of antibodies from immunized animals to the complementarity determining regions of human antibodies. Its general genetic recombination techniques are also known (European Patent Application Publication No. EP 239400, International Patent Application Publication No.
- Bispecific antibodies are antibodies that have specificity for two different antigens. Bispecific antibodies are not limited to those of IgG type, but for example, IgG type bispecific antibodies can be secreted by hybrid hybridoma (quadroma) generated by fusing two hybridomas producing IgG antibodies (Milstein C et al. Nature 1983, 305: 537-540). Moreover, it can be secreted by co-expressing the L chain and H chain genes constituting the two kinds of target IgG, a total of four kinds of genes by introducing them into cells.
- the L chain since the diversity of the L chain variable region is lower than that of the H chain variable region, it is expected that a common L chain capable of giving binding ability to both H chains can be obtained.
- the antibody may be an antibody having a common L chain.
- the antibody of the present invention can be produced by methods known to those skilled in the art. Specifically, DNA encoding the target antibody is incorporated into an expression vector. In that case, it integrates into an expression vector so that it may express under the control of an expression control region, for example, an enhancer and a promoter. Next, host cells are transformed with this expression vector to express the antibody. In that case, a combination of an appropriate host and an expression vector can be used.
- An expression vector is particularly useful when a vector is used for the purpose of producing an antibody.
- an expression vector for example, when the host is E. coli such as JM109, DH5 ⁇ , HB101, XL1-Blue, it is essential to have a promoter that can be expressed efficiently in E. coli, such as the lacZ promoter. is there.
- the vector may contain a signal sequence for polypeptide secretion.
- Introduction of a vector into a host cell can be performed using, for example, a calcium chloride method or an electroporation method.
- vectors for producing the antibody of the present invention include, for example, mammalian-derived expression vectors (for example, pcDNA3 (manufactured by Invitrogen), pEGF-BOS® (Nucleic® Acids.® Res. 1990, 18). (17), p5322), pEF, pCDM8), insect cell-derived expression vectors (for example, “Bac-to-BAC baculovirus expression system” (GIBCO BRL), pBacPAK8).
- mammalian-derived expression vectors for example, pcDNA3 (manufactured by Invitrogen), pEGF-BOS® (Nucleic® Acids.® Res. 1990, 18). (17), p5322), pEF, pCDM8), insect cell-derived expression vectors (for example, “Bac-to-BAC baculovirus expression system” (GIBCO BRL), pBacPAK8).
- mammalian-derived expression vectors for
- promoters necessary for expression in cells such as the SV40 promoter (Mulligan et al., Nature (1979) 277, 108), etc. It is indispensable to have a gene, and it is more preferable if it has a gene for selecting transformed cells.
- genes for selecting transformed cells include drug resistance genes that can be distinguished by drugs (neomycin, G418, etc.).
- a vector having a DHFR gene complementary to the CHO cell lacking the nucleic acid synthesis pathway for example, , PCHOI, etc.
- amplifying with methotrexate (MTX) for example, COS having a gene expressing SV40 T antigen on the chromosome
- COS having a gene expressing SV40 T antigen on the chromosome An example is a method of transforming with a vector (such as pcD) having an SV40 replication origin using cells.
- the antibody of the present invention thus obtained can be isolated from the inside of the host cell or outside the cell (medium etc.) and purified as a substantially pure and homogeneous antibody. Separation and purification of antibodies may be carried out using separation and purification methods used in normal antibody purification, and are not limited in any way. For example, chromatography column, filter, ultrafiltration, salting out, solvent precipitation, solvent extraction, distillation, immunoprecipitation, SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, dialysis, recrystallization, etc. are appropriately selected, When combined, antibodies can be separated and purified.
- chromatography examples include affinity chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, hydrophobic chromatography, gel filtration, reverse phase chromatography, adsorption chromatography, etc. (Strategies for Protein Purification and Characterization: A Laboratory Course Manual. Ed Daniel R. Marshak et al., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1996). These chromatography can be performed using liquid phase chromatography, for example, liquid phase chromatography such as HPLC and FPLC. Examples of columns used for affinity chromatography include Protein A column and Protein G column. For example, as a column using Protein A, Hyper D, POROS, Sepharose FF (GE Amersham ⁇ Biosciences) and the like can be mentioned. The present invention also encompasses antibodies highly purified using these purification methods.
- the obtained antibody can be purified to homogeneity. Separation and purification of antibodies may be carried out using separation and purification methods used for ordinary proteins. For example, antibodies can be separated and purified by appropriately selecting and combining chromatography columns such as affinity chromatography, filters, ultrafiltration, salting out, dialysis, SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing etc. (Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual. Ed Harlow and David Lane, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1988), but is not limited to these. Examples of the column used for affinity chromatography include a Protein A column, a Protein G column, and the like.
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody according to the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- the antibody of the present invention is a bispecific antibody against FIX and / or FIXa having FVIII-like activity and FX, for example, prevention of bleeding, bleeding-related diseases, or diseases caused by bleeding and / or Expected to be a therapeutic drug (pharmaceutical composition) or drug.
- bleeding a disease accompanied by bleeding, or a disease caused by bleeding is preferably a disease that develops and / or progresses due to a decrease or deficiency in the activity of FVIII and / or FVIIIa.
- diseases include hemophilia A, diseases in which inhibitors against FVIII / FVIIIa have appeared, acquired hemophilia, von Willebrand disease, etc. Not.
- kits for use in a method for preventing and / or treating the above-mentioned disease comprising at least the antibody or composition of the present invention.
- the kit can be packaged with a syringe barrel, a needle, a pharmaceutically acceptable medium, an alcohol cotton cloth, an adhesive bandage, or instructions describing how to use the kit.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the use of the antibody or composition of the present invention in the production of a preventive and / or therapeutic agent for bleeding, a disease accompanied by bleeding or a disease caused by bleeding.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for preventing and / or treating bleeding, a disease accompanied by bleeding or a disease caused by bleeding, which comprises the step of administering the antibody or composition of the present invention.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the antibody or composition of the present invention for use in the prevention and / or treatment of bleeding, bleeding-related diseases, or diseases caused by bleeding.
- a pharmaceutical composition containing the antibody of the present invention used as an active ingredient for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes is mixed with an appropriate pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, vehicle, etc. inert to them as necessary. It can be formulated. For example, sterilized water, physiological saline, stabilizers, excipients, antioxidants (ascorbic acid, etc.), buffers (phosphoric acid, citric acid, histidine, other organic acids, etc.), preservatives, surfactants ( PEG, Tween, etc.), chelating agents (EDTA, etc.), binders and the like.
- polypeptides such as serum albumin, gelatin and immunoglobulin, glycine, glutamine, asparagine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, methionine, arginine and lysine and other amino acids, polysaccharides and monosaccharides such as saccharides and carbohydrates
- sugar alcohols such as mannitol and sorbitol may be contained.
- aqueous solution for injection for example, isotonic solutions containing physiological saline, glucose and other adjuvants such as D-sorbitol, D-mannose, D-mannitol, sodium chloride
- adjuvants such as alcohol (ethanol etc.), polyalcohol (propylene glycol, PEG, etc.), nonionic surfactants (polysorbate 80, polysorbate 20, poloxamer 188, HCO-50) etc.
- the antibody of the present invention may be encapsulated in microcapsules (microcapsules such as hydroxymethylcellulose, gelatin, poly [methylmethacrylic acid]) or colloid drug delivery systems (liposomes, albumin microspheres, microemulsions, nanoparticles). And nanocapsules) (see “Remington's Pharmaceutical Science 16th edition”, Oslo Ed. (1980), etc.).
- a method of making a drug a sustained-release drug is also known and can be applied to the antibody of the present invention (Langer et al., J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 15: 267-277 (1981); Langer, Chemtech. 12: 98-105 (1982); US Pat. No. 3,773,919; European Patent Application Publication (EP) 58,481; Sidman et al., Biopolymers 22: 547-556 (1983); EP 133,988).
- microcapsules such as hydroxymethylcellulose, gelatin, poly [methylmethacrylic acid]
- the dosage of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is determined according to the judgment of the doctor in consideration of the type of dosage form, the administration method, the age and weight of the patient, the symptoms of the patient, the type of disease and the degree of progression, etc.
- the bispecific antibody it is about 0.001 to about 1000 mg / kg per administration.
- it is about 0.01 mg / kg to about 100 mg / kg.
- the administration interval is at least one day.
- they are 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. These doses vary depending on the weight and age of the patient, the administration method, etc., but those skilled in the art can appropriately select an appropriate dose.
- the administration period is also preferably determined appropriately according to the patient's healing progress and the like.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered to a patient by either oral or parenteral administration. Preferably, it is parenteral administration. Specific examples of such administration methods include injection administration, nasal administration, transpulmonary administration, and transdermal administration. Examples of injection administration include intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, intraperitoneal injection, and subcutaneous injection.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be made into oral preparations such as granules, powders, tablets, capsules, solvents, emulsions or suspensions, injections, and the like.
- the present invention also provides a gene or nucleic acid encoding the antibody of the present invention. It is also conceivable to perform gene therapy by incorporating a gene or nucleic acid encoding the antibody of the present invention into a gene therapy vector.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for enhancing the activity of an antibody comprising a constant region, wherein the method modifies at least one amino acid residue in the constant region.
- a method of modifying at least one amino acid residue in the CH3 region or hinge region is preferable.
- Particularly preferred is a method of modifying EU numbering 434, and more preferred is a method of modifying Asn (N) at EU numbering 434 to Tyr (Y).
- Particularly preferred is a method of modifying the hinge region, and more preferred is a method of modifying EU numbering 216 to 230 with AAAC (SEQ ID NO: 28).
- the present invention also includes a method of modifying EU numbering 216 to 230 so that the EU numbering 216 to 230 becomes AAAC. Further, other modifications may be included as long as the modifications are included.
- Another embodiment of the present invention is a method for enhancing FVIII-like activity of a bispecific antibody against FIX and / or FIXa and FX, comprising the heavy chain consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 And an L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated, and an H chain consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 is associated with an L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3.
- Another specific embodiment of the present invention is a method for enhancing FVIII-like activity of a bispecific antibody against FIX and / or FIXa and FX, comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1
- the H chain and the L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated, and the H chain consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 and the L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated.
- This is a method of modifying the amino acid residue at position 434 of EU numbering of the bispecific antibody to Tyr (Y).
- Another specific embodiment of the present invention is a method for enhancing FVIII-like activity of a bispecific antibody against FIX and / or FIXa and FX, comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1
- the H chain and the L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated, and the H chain consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 and the L chain consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 are associated.
- EU numbering of the bispecific antibody in which the amino acid residues at positions 216 to 230 of EU numbering are altered to AAAC.
- Another embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing an antibody comprising a constant region, wherein (a) at least one amino acid residue in the constant region is modified to enhance the activity compared to the antibody before modification. Modifying the nucleic acid encoding the antibody comprising the amino acid residue, (b) culturing the host cell to express the nucleic acid, and (c) recovering the antibody from the host cell culture. Is the method.
- an aspect represented by the expression “comprising” is an aspect represented by an expression “essentially consisting of”. As well as an embodiment represented by the expression “consistingconsistof”.
- ACE910 an anti-FIXa / FX bispecific antibody, is an antibody having a human IgG4 isotype (J Thromb Haemost. 2014 Feb; 12 (2): 206-213.).
- ACE910 (hereinafter also referred to as ACE910-A) is composed of three types of four chains. The heavy chain for FIXa is the Q chain, the heavy chain for FX is the J chain, and the common light chain is the L chain.
- ACE910-A Q, J, L: SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 3) (WO 2012/067176) was used as a control antibody.
- Human IgG1, 2, and 4 type ACE910 were prepared using Knobs into holes (Nat Biotechnol.
- ACE910-B-IgG1 (Q, J, L: SEQ ID NO: 4, 5, 3)
- ACE910-B-IgG2 Q, J, L: SEQ ID NO: 6, 7, 3
- ACE910-B- IgG4 Q, J, L: SEQ ID NOs: 8, 9, 3
- ACE910 is an anti-FIXa / FX bispecific antibody that uses a common light chain (made with reference to WO2006 / 109592) and CH3 / CH3 interface control (made with reference to WO2006 / 106905).
- ACE910-B-IgG4 (Q, J, L: SEQ ID NO: 8, 9, 3), ACE910-D1 (heavy chain Q, J: SEQ ID NO: 12, 13) (light chain L1, L2) : SEQ ID NO: 14, 15) (prepared with reference to WO2011 / 117329), ACE910-D2 (heavy chain Q, J: SEQ ID NO: 16, 17) (light chain L1, L2: SEQ ID NO: 18, 19) (WO2011 / 117329), ACE910-E (heavy chain Q, J: SEQ ID NO: 20, 21) (light chain L1, L2: SEQ ID NO: 22, 23) (prepared with reference to WO2013 / 065708) FVIII-like activity was evaluated.
- ACE910 variants were prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art such as total synthesis of these genes.
- Antibody expression was performed using HEK293FS (Invitrogen), purification was performed using recombinant protein A (GE healthcare), and bispecific antibodies were prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art.
- FVIII-like activity (FXa production promoting activity) of the purified bispecific antibody was measured by the following method. All reactions were performed at room temperature. 5 ⁇ L of antibody solution diluted with Tris-buffered saline (hereinafter referred to as TBSB) containing 0.1% bovine serum albumin is mixed with 5 ⁇ L of 150 ng / mL Human Factor IXa beta (Enzyme Research Laboratories).
- TBSB Tris-buffered saline
- ACE910-B-IgG4 (Q, J, L: SEQ ID NO: 8) which is a human IgG4 bispecific antibody having the same variable region sequence as ACE910-A (Q, J, L: SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 3) , 9, 3) or ACE910-C (Q, J, L: SEQ ID NOs: 10, 11, 3) (prepared with reference to WO2015 / 046467), methods known to those skilled in the art, such as PCR or total gene synthesis
- PCR total gene synthesis
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Abstract
Description
〔1〕改変された血液凝固第IX因子および/または活性化血液凝固第IX因子、ならびに血液凝固第X因子に対する二重特異性抗体であって、当該抗体の定常領域に少なくとも1つのアミノ酸残基の改変を含み、当該改変前の抗体である配列番号:1に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるH鎖と配列番号:3に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるL鎖が会合し、配列番号:2に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるH鎖と配列番号:3に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるL鎖が会合している二重特異性抗体に比べ高い血液凝固第VIII因子様活性を有する、前記抗体。
〔2〕前記改変はCH3領域及び/又はヒンジ領域における改変である、〔1〕に記載の抗体。
〔3〕CH3領域における改変がEUナンバリング434位における改変である、〔2〕に記載の抗体。
〔4〕EUナンバリング434位における改変はTyr(Y)への改変である、〔3〕に記載の抗体。
〔5〕ヒンジ領域における改変はEUナンバリング216位~230位をAAACとする改変である、〔2〕に記載の抗体。
〔6〕〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の抗体、および薬学的に許容される担体を含む医薬組成物。
〔7〕出血、出血を伴う疾患、もしくは出血に起因する疾患の予防および/または治療に用いられる医薬組成物であって、該疾患が、血液凝固第VIII因子および/または活性化血液凝固第VIII因子の活性の低下ないし欠損によって発症および/または進展する疾患である、〔6〕に記載の組成物。
〔8〕血液凝固第VIII因子および/または活性化血液凝固第VIII因子の活性の低下ないし欠損によって発症および/または進展する疾患が、血友病A、後天性血友病、フォンビルブランド病又は血液凝固第VIII因子および/もしくは活性化血液凝固第VIII因子に対するインヒビターが出現している疾患である、〔7〕に記載の組成物。
〔9〕少なくとも〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の二重特異性抗体を含む、出血、出血を伴う疾患もしくは出血に起因する疾患を予防および/または治療する方法に用いるためのキット。
〔10〕血液凝固第IX因子および/または活性化血液凝固第IX因子、ならびに血液凝固第X因子に対する二重特異性抗体の血液凝固第VIII因子様活性を増強する方法であって、配列番号:1に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるH鎖と配列番号:3に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるL鎖が会合し、配列番号:2に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるH鎖と配列番号:3に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるL鎖が会合している二重特異性抗体の定常領域の少なくとも1つのアミノ酸残基を改変する、前記方法。
〔11〕前記改変はCH3領域及び/又はヒンジ領域における少なくとも1つのアミノ酸残基の改変である、〔10〕に記載の方法。
〔12〕CH3領域における改変がEUナンバリングによる434位における改変である、〔11〕に記載の方法。
〔13〕434位における改変はTyr(Y)への改変である、〔12〕に記載の方法。
〔14〕ヒンジ領域における改変はEUナンバリング216位~230位をAAACとする改変である、〔11〕に記載の方法。
〔15〕血液凝固第IX因子および/または活性化血液凝固第IX因子、ならびに血液凝固第X因子に対する二重特異性抗体の製造方法であって、(a) 定常領域の少なくとも1つのアミノ酸残基を改変することで改変前の配列番号:1に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるH鎖と配列番号:3に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるL鎖が会合し、配列番号:2に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるH鎖と配列番号:3に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるL鎖が会合している二重特異性抗体に比べ血液凝固第VIII因子様活性が増強されるように、該アミノ酸残基を含む抗体をコードする核酸を改変し、(b)宿主細胞を該核酸が発現するように培養し、(c)宿主細胞培養物から抗体を回収することを含む方法。
〔16〕〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の抗体を投与する工程を含む、出血、出血を伴う疾患、または出血に起因する疾患を予防および/または治療する方法。
〔17〕出血、出血を伴う疾患、または出血に起因する疾患の予防および/または治療において使用するための、〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の抗体。
〔18〕出血、出血を伴う疾患、または出血に起因する疾患の予防剤および/または治療剤の製造における、〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の抗体の使用。
〔19〕前記疾患が、血液凝固第VIII因子および/または活性化血液凝固第VIII因子の活性の低下ないし欠損によって発症および/または進展する疾患であり、好ましくは、血友病A、後天性血友病、フォンビルブランド病又は血液凝固第VIII因子および/もしくは活性化血液凝固第VIII因子に対するインヒビターが出現している疾患である、〔16〕に記載の方法または〔17〕に記載の使用のための抗体または〔18〕に記載の使用。
本発明で使用されている方法によると、抗体のCDRとFRに割り当てられるアミノ酸位置はKabatにしたがって規定される(Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest(National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Md., 1987年および1991年)。本明細書において、抗原結合分子が抗体または抗原結合断片である場合、可変領域のアミノ酸はKabatナンバリングにしたがい、定常領域のアミノ酸はKabatのアミノ酸位置に準じたEUナンバリングにしたがって表される。
改変前の抗体に比べ高い活性を有するとは、例えば前記二重特異性抗体のFVIII様活性の場合、改変後の二重特異性抗体のFVIII様活性が改変前の二重特異性抗体のFVIII様活性に比べて高いことをいう。
FVIIIは血液凝固に関与する一連の分子の1つであり、トロンビンやFXaにより活性化を受けると補因子活性を呈し、FIXaによるFX活性化反応を促進する。
本発明のFVIII様活性は、FVIII機能代替活性、FVIIIの機能を代替する活性、FXa産生促進活性、FXa産生を促進する活性と言い換えることもできる。本発明において「FVIII機能代替」、「FVIIIの機能を代替する」とは、FIXaによるFXの活性化を促進する(FIXaによるFXa産生を促進する)ことを意味する。また、より具体的には、本発明において「FVIIIの機能を代替する」とは、FIXおよび/またはFIXaならびにFXを認識し、FIXaによるFXの活性化を促進する(FIXaによるFXa産生を促進する)ことを意味する。FXa産生促進活性は、例えば、FIXa、FX、合成基質S-2222(FXaの合成基質)、リン脂質から成る測定系で評価することができる。このような測定系は、血友病A症例における疾患の重症度および臨床症状と相関性を示す(Rosen S, Andersson M, Blomba¨ck M et al. Clinical applications of a chromogenic substrate method for determination of FVIII activity. Thromb Haemost 1985; 54: 811-23)。
好ましい二重特異性抗体として、特許文献(WO 2012/067176)に記載の二重特異性抗体であるACE910 (emicizumab)(Q499-z121/J327-z119/L404-k)(配列番号:1に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるH鎖(Q鎖)と配列番号:3に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるL鎖が会合し、配列番号:2に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるH鎖(J鎖)と配列番号:3に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるL鎖が会合している二重特異性抗体)を挙げることができる。当該抗体のL鎖は、いわゆる共通L鎖である。尚、本明細書において、ACE910はACE910-Aとも記載される。
抗体としては、遺伝子組換え技術を用いて産生した組換え型抗体を用いることができる。組換え型抗体は、それをコードするDNAをハイブリドーマ、または抗体を産生する感作リンパ球等の抗体産生細胞からクローニングし、ベクターに組み込んで、これを宿主(宿主細胞)に導入し産生させることにより得ることができる。
抗体は、ヒト抗体、マウス抗体、ラット抗体など、その由来は限定されない。またキメラ抗体やヒト化抗体などの遺伝子改変抗体でもよい。
ヒト抗体の取得方法は既に知られており、例えば、ヒト抗体遺伝子の全てのレパートリーを有するトランスジェニック動物を目的の抗原で免疫することで目的のヒト抗体を取得することができる(国際特許出願公開番号WO 93/12227, WO 92/03918,WO 94/02602, WO 94/25585,WO 96/34096, WO 96/33735参照)。
遺伝子改変抗体は、既知の方法を用いて製造することができる。具体的には、たとえばキメラ抗体は、免疫動物の抗体のH鎖、およびL鎖の可変領域と、ヒト抗体のH鎖およびL鎖の定常領域からなる抗体である。免疫動物由来の抗体の可変領域をコードするDNAを、ヒト抗体の定常領域をコードするDNAと連結し、これを発現ベクターに組み込んで宿主に導入し産生させることによって、キメラ抗体を得ることができる。
ヒト化抗体は、再構成(reshaped)ヒト抗体とも称される改変抗体である。ヒト化抗体は、免疫動物由来の抗体のCDRを、ヒト抗体の相補性決定領域へ移植することによって構築される。その一般的な遺伝子組換え手法も知られている(欧州特許出願公開番号EP 239400、国際特許出願公開番号WO 96/02576、Sato K et al, Cancer Research 1993, 53: 851-856、国際特許出願公開番号WO 99/51743参照)。
二重特異性抗体(bispecific抗体)は、二種の異なる抗原に対して特異性を有する抗体である。
二重特異性抗体はIgGタイプのものに限られないが、例えばIgGタイプ二重特異性抗体はIgG抗体を産生するハイブリドーマ二種を融合することによって生じるhybrid hybridoma(quadroma)によって分泌させることが出来る(Milstein C et al. Nature 1983, 305: 537-540)。また目的の二種のIgGを構成するL鎖及びH鎖の遺伝子、合計4種の遺伝子を細胞に導入することによって共発現させることによって分泌させることが出来る。
この際H鎖のCH3領域に適当なアミノ酸置換を施すことによってH鎖についてヘテロな組合せのIgGを優先的に分泌させることも出来る(Ridgway JB et al. Protein Engineering 1996, 9: 617-621、Merchant AM et al. Nature Biotechnology 1998, 16: 677-681、WO2006/106905、Davis JH et al. Protein Eng Des Sel. 2010, 4: 195-202.)。
また、L鎖に関しては、H鎖可変領域に比べてL鎖可変領域の多様性が低いことから、両H鎖に結合能を与え得る共通のL鎖が得られることが期待され、本発明の抗体は、共通のL鎖を有する抗体であってもよい。この共通L鎖と両H鎖遺伝子を細胞に導入することによってIgGを発現させることで効率の良い二重特異性IgGの発現が可能となる。
本発明の抗体は当業者に公知の方法により製造することができる。具体的には、目的とする抗体をコードするDNAを発現ベクターへ組み込む。その際、発現制御領域、例えば、エンハンサー、プロモーターの制御のもとで発現するよう発現ベクターに組み込む。次に、この発現ベクターにより宿主細胞を形質転換し、抗体を発現させる。その際には、適当な宿主と発現ベクターの組み合わせを使用することができる。
また、ベクターには、ポリペプチド分泌のためのシグナル配列が含まれていてもよい。
宿主細胞へのベクターの導入は、例えば塩化カルシウム法、エレクトロポレーション法を用いて行うことができる。
さらに、遺伝子を安定的に発現させ、かつ、細胞内での遺伝子のコピー数の増幅を目的とする場合には、核酸合成経路を欠損したCHO細胞にそれを相補するDHFR遺伝子を有するベクター(例えば、pCHOIなど)を導入し、メトトレキセート(MTX)により増幅させる方法が挙げられ、また、遺伝子の一過性の発現を目的とする場合には、SV40 T抗原を発現する遺伝子を染色体上に持つCOS細胞を用いてSV40の複製起点を持つベクター(pcDなど)で形質転換する方法が挙げられる。
また、必要に応じ本発明の抗体をマイクロカプセル(ヒドロキシメチルセルロース、ゼラチン、ポリ[メチルメタクリル酸]等のマイクロカプセル)に封入したり、コロイドドラッグデリバリーシステム(リポソーム、アルブミンミクロスフェア、マイクロエマルジョン、ナノ粒子及びナノカプセル等)とすることもできる("Remington's Pharmaceutical Science 16th edition", Oslo Ed. (1980)等参照)。さらに、薬剤を徐放性の薬剤とする方法も公知であり、本発明の抗体に適用し得る(Langer et al., J.Biomed.Mater.Res. 15: 267-277 (1981); Langer, Chemtech. 12: 98-105 (1982);米国特許第3,773,919号;欧州特許出願公開(EP)第58,481号; Sidman et al., Biopolymers 22: 547-556 (1983);EP第133,988号)。
本発明は、以下の実施例によってさらに例示されるが、下記の実施例に限定されるものではない。
抗FIXa/FX二重特異性抗体であるACE910はヒトIgG4アイソタイプを有する抗体である(J Thromb Haemost. 2014 Feb;12(2):206-213.)。ACE910(以下ACE910-Aとも記載する)は3種類の4本の鎖からなり、それぞれFIXaに対する重鎖をQ鎖、FXに対する重鎖をJ鎖、共通軽鎖をL鎖とする。ACE910-A(Q、J、L:配列番号1、2、3)(WO 2012/067176)をコントロール抗体として使用した。
Knobs into holes(Nat Biotechnol. 1998 Jul;16(7):677-81.)を用い、ヒトIgG1、2、4型のACE910を作製した。すなわち、ACE910-B-IgG1(Q、J、L:配列番号4、5、3)、ACE910-B-IgG2(Q、J、L:配列番号6、7、3)、および、ACE910-B-IgG4(Q、J、L:配列番号8、9、3)を作製し、ヒトIgGのアイソタイプの及ぼすFVIII様活性への影響を評価した。
ACE910は共通L鎖(WO2006/109592を参照して作製)とCH3/CH3界面制御(WO2006/106905を参照して作製)を用いた抗FIXa/FX二重特異性抗体であるが、二重特異性抗体を製造する方法は他にも報告されている(Drug Discov. Today. 2015 Jul;20(7):838-47.、WO2015/046467、WO2011/117329、WO2013/065708)。これらの方法を用いて、ACE910-Aの可変領域配列を有する二重特異性抗体を作製し、二重特異性抗体を製造する方法の及ぼすFVIII様活性への影響を評価した。具体的には、以下、ACE910-B-IgG4(Q、J、L:配列番号8、9、3)、ACE910-D1(重鎖Q、J:配列番号12、13)(軽鎖L1、L2:配列番号14、15)(WO2011/117329を参照して作製)、ACE910-D2(重鎖Q、J:配列番号16、17)(軽鎖L1、L2:配列番号18、19)(WO2011/117329を参照して作製)、ACE910-E(重鎖Q、J:配列番号20、21)(軽鎖L1、L2:配列番号22、23)(WO2013/065708を参照して作製)を作製し、FVIII様活性を評価した。
精製された二重特異性抗体のFVIII様活性(FXa産生促進活性)は、以下の方法で測定した。反応はすべて室温で行われた。0.1%牛血清アルブミンを含むトリス緩衝生理食塩水(以下、TBSBと称す)で希釈した抗体溶液5μLを、150 ng/mLのHuman Factor IXa beta (Enzyme Research Laboratories) 5μLと混合した後、384穴plate中にて室温で30分インキュベーションした。この混合液中の酵素反応は、24.7μg/mLのHuman Factor X (Enzyme Research Laboratories) 5μLを添加して開始させ、4分後、0.5 M EDTA 5μLを添加して停止させた。発色反応は、発色基質溶液5μLを添加することによって、開始させた。30分間の発色反応後、405 nmの吸光度変化はSpectraMax 340PC384 (Molecular Devices) を用いて測定した。
ACE910-A(Q、J、L:配列番号1、2、3)と同一の可変領域配列を有するヒトIgG4二重特異性抗体であるACE910-B-IgG4(Q、J、L:配列番号8、9、3)あるいはACE910-C(Q、J、L:配列番号10、11、3)(WO2015/046467を参照して作製)に対して、PCRあるいは遺伝子全合成等の当業者公知の方法により、変異を導入し、各種ACE910 variantを作製した。抗体の発現および精製は実施例1の方法に従って実施した。導入した変異は以下の表1(ヒンジ領域以外への変異導入)および表2(ヒンジ領域への変異導入)にまとめた。
Claims (15)
- 改変された血液凝固第IX因子および/または活性化血液凝固第IX因子、ならびに血液凝固第X因子に対する二重特異性抗体であって、当該抗体の定常領域に少なくとも1つのアミノ酸残基の改変を含み、当該改変前の抗体である配列番号:1に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるH鎖と配列番号:3に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるL鎖が会合し、配列番号:2に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるH鎖と配列番号:3に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるL鎖が会合している二重特異性抗体に比べ高い血液凝固第VIII因子様活性を有する、前記抗体。
- 前記改変はCH3領域及び/又はヒンジ領域における改変である、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- CH3領域における改変がEUナンバリング434位における改変である、請求項2に記載の抗体。
- EUナンバリング434位における改変はTyr(Y)への改変である、請求項3に記載の抗体。
- ヒンジ領域における改変はEUナンバリング216位~230位をAAACとする改変である、請求項2に記載の抗体。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の抗体、および薬学的に許容される担体を含む医薬組成物。
- 出血、出血を伴う疾患、もしくは出血に起因する疾患の予防および/または治療に用いられる医薬組成物であって、該疾患が、血液凝固第VIII因子および/または活性化血液凝固第VIII因子の活性の低下ないし欠損によって発症および/または進展する疾患である、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 血液凝固第VIII因子および/または活性化血液凝固第VIII因子の活性の低下ないし欠損によって発症および/または進展する疾患が、血友病A、後天性血友病、フォンビルブランド病又は血液凝固第VIII因子および/もしくは活性化血液凝固第VIII因子に対するインヒビターが出現している疾患である、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 少なくとも請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の二重特異性抗体を含む、出血、出血を伴う疾患もしくは出血に起因する疾患を予防および/または治療する方法に用いるためのキット。
- 血液凝固第IX因子および/または活性化血液凝固第IX因子、ならびに血液凝固第X因子に対する二重特異性抗体の血液凝固第VIII因子様活性を増強する方法であって、配列番号:1に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるH鎖と配列番号:3に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるL鎖が会合し、配列番号:2に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるH鎖と配列番号:3に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるL鎖が会合している二重特異性抗体の定常領域の少なくとも1つのアミノ酸残基を改変する、前記方法。
- 前記改変はCH3領域及び/又はヒンジ領域における少なくとも1つのアミノ酸残基の改変である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- CH3領域における改変がEUナンバリングによる434位における改変である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 434位における改変はTyr(Y)への改変である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- ヒンジ領域における改変はEUナンバリング216位~230位をAAACとする改変である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 血液凝固第IX因子および/または活性化血液凝固第IX因子、ならびに血液凝固第X因子に対する二重特異性抗体の製造方法であって、(a) 定常領域の少なくとも1つのアミノ酸残基を改変することで改変前の配列番号:1に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるH鎖と配列番号:3に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるL鎖が会合し、配列番号:2に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるH鎖と配列番号:3に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるL鎖が会合している二重特異性抗体に比べ血液凝固第VIII因子様活性が増強されるように、該アミノ酸残基を含む抗体をコードする核酸を改変し、(b)宿主細胞を該核酸が発現するように培養し、(c)宿主細胞培養物から抗体を回収することを含む方法。
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Also Published As
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US20200270363A1 (en) | 2020-08-27 |
US12168697B2 (en) | 2024-12-17 |
EP3395835A1 (en) | 2018-10-31 |
JP2021176865A (ja) | 2021-11-11 |
JPWO2017110980A1 (ja) | 2018-10-18 |
EP3395835B1 (en) | 2021-02-03 |
EP3395835A4 (en) | 2019-09-11 |
JP6954842B2 (ja) | 2021-10-27 |
US20220119551A1 (en) | 2022-04-21 |
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