WO2012165265A1 - 基板及びその製造方法、放熱基板、並びに、放熱モジュール - Google Patents
基板及びその製造方法、放熱基板、並びに、放熱モジュール Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012165265A1 WO2012165265A1 PCT/JP2012/063227 JP2012063227W WO2012165265A1 WO 2012165265 A1 WO2012165265 A1 WO 2012165265A1 JP 2012063227 W JP2012063227 W JP 2012063227W WO 2012165265 A1 WO2012165265 A1 WO 2012165265A1
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- layer
- resin
- polyimide resin
- polyimide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H05K3/382—Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal by special treatment of the metal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0213—Electrical arrangements not otherwise provided for
- H05K1/0254—High voltage adaptations; Electrical insulation details; Overvoltage or electrostatic discharge protection ; Arrangements for regulating voltages or for using plural voltages
- H05K1/0257—Overvoltage protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/0058—Laminating printed circuit boards onto other substrates, e.g. metallic substrates
- H05K3/0061—Laminating printed circuit boards onto other substrates, e.g. metallic substrates onto a metallic substrate, e.g. a heat sink
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/38—Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal
- H05K3/386—Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal by the use of an organic polymeric bonding layer, e.g. adhesive
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
- Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
- Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a substrate and a manufacturing method thereof, a heat dissipation substrate, and a heat dissipation module.
- a metal core board in which an electrical insulating material layer is laminated on a metal plate and a wiring pattern is formed thereon is often used.
- a copper foil is laminated on an electrical insulating material layer to form a wiring pattern.
- a ceramic chip component, a silicon semiconductor, a terminal, or the like is mounted on the wiring pattern using solder.
- Japanese Patent No. 3255315 proposes a material obtained by adding an inorganic filler to thermoplastic polyimide or polyphenylene ether (PPE).
- thermoplastic polyimide and PPE have low thermal conductivity of the resin itself, so that high heat dissipation such as PDP (plasma display panel) and LED (light emitting diode) in recent years is required.
- PDP plasma display panel
- LED light emitting diode
- examination using a high thermal conductive filler is performed.
- the present inventors have found that the metal foil surface having an arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of 0.3 ⁇ m or less and a maximum roughness (Rmax) of 2 ⁇ m or less of the metal foil surface bonded to the polyimide resin layer, It has been found that a substrate comprising a polyimide resin layer having an average thickness of 2 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m and an adhesive layer containing polyamideimide having an average thickness of 5 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m stacked in this order on the metal foil is suitable. Completed. That is, this invention includes the following aspects.
- the metal foil and the metal foil are provided on a surface having an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of 0.3 ⁇ m or less and a maximum roughness (Rmax) of 2.0 ⁇ m or less, and an average thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
- Ra arithmetic average roughness
- Rmax maximum roughness
- a polyimide resin layer and an adhesive layer provided on the polyimide resin layer and having an average thickness of 5 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
- ⁇ 2> The substrate according to ⁇ 1>, further including a metal plate provided on the adhesive layer.
- ⁇ 3> The substrate according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, wherein the adhesion between the layers after heat treatment at 150 ° C. for 500 hours is 0.5 kN / m or more.
- ⁇ 4> The substrate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein a dielectric breakdown voltage as a whole of the polyimide resin layer and the adhesive layer is 3 kV or more.
- ⁇ 5> The substrate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>, wherein the elastic modulus at normal temperature after curing of the adhesive resin contained in the adhesive layer is 200 MPa to 1000 MPa.
- the polyimide resin layer includes any one of the items ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5> including a polyimide resin obtained from an acid anhydride containing biphenyltetracarboxylic acid anhydride and a diamine containing diaminodiphenyl ether and phenylenediamine. It is a board
- the adhesive layer is the substrate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 6>, including a siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin and an epoxy resin.
- the adhesive layer has a total content of resin in the solid content of 100% by mass or less, A siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin contained in the resin, an epoxy resin that is compatible with the siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin and has two or more epoxy groups in one molecule, and a functional group that can react with the epoxy group in one molecule Any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 7>, wherein the polyfunctional resins having 3 or more have a content in the solid content of 30% by mass to 60% by mass, 10% by mass or more, and 10% by mass or more, respectively. It is a board
- a heat dissipation module comprising the heat dissipation substrate according to ⁇ 9> and an element disposed on the heat dissipation substrate.
- a step of preparing a polyimide precursor which is a reaction product of an acid anhydride containing biphenyltetracarboxylic acid anhydride and a diamine containing diaminodiphenyl ether and phenylenediamine, and an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the metal foil Of the polyimide precursor on a surface having a maximum roughness (Rmax) of 2 ⁇ m or less and a mixed gas atmosphere containing nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas.
- the polyimide precursor contains 0.15 mol to 0.25 mol of diaminodiphenyl ether and 0.75 mol to 0.85 mol of phenylenediamine with respect to 1 mol of biphenyltetracarboxylic anhydride. It is a manufacturing method of the board
- the present invention is provided on a metal foil and a surface of the metal foil having an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of 0.3 ⁇ m or less and a maximum roughness (Rmax) of 2.0 ⁇ m or less, and has an average thickness.
- the present invention relates to a substrate having a polyimide resin layer having a thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m and an adhesive layer provided on the polyimide resin layer and having an average thickness of 5 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
- the dielectric breakdown voltage tends to decrease if the polyimide layer is thinned to reduce thermal resistance.
- the present inventors have found that the dielectric breakdown voltage can be prevented from being lowered even if the polyimide layer is thinned by setting the roughness of the surface of the metal foil within a certain range. That is, the present invention provides a substrate that achieves both improvement of the breakdown voltage and reduction of thermal resistance.
- the term “process” is not limited to an independent process, and is included in the term if the intended purpose of the process is achieved even when it cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes.
- a numerical range indicated by using “to” indicates a range including the numerical values described before and after “to” as the minimum value and the maximum value, respectively.
- the amount of each component in the composition means the total amount of the plurality of substances present in the composition unless there is a specific notice when there are a plurality of substances corresponding to each component in the composition.
- the substrate of the present invention is provided on a metal foil and a surface of the metal foil having an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of 0.3 ⁇ m or less and a maximum roughness (Rmax) of 2.0 ⁇ m or less, and the average thickness is A polyimide resin layer having a thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m, and an adhesive layer provided on the polyimide resin layer and having an average thickness of 5 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
- substrate of this invention is used suitably for the heat dissipation board etc. for LED mounting, for example.
- the metal foil is not particularly limited as long as the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of at least one surface is 0.3 ⁇ m or less and the maximum roughness (Rmax) is 2.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the material constituting the metal foil is not particularly limited, such as gold, copper, and aluminum. Generally, copper foil is used.
- nickel, nickel-phosphorous, nickel-tin alloy, nickel-iron alloy, lead, lead-tin alloy, etc. are used as intermediate layers, and 0.5 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m copper layer and 10 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m copper on both sides.
- a composite foil having a three-layer structure in which layers are provided, or a two-layer structure composite foil in which aluminum and copper foil are combined can also be used.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of one surface of the metal foil is 0.3 ⁇ m or less, but from the viewpoint of adhesiveness with the polyimide resin layer, it is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 0.3 ⁇ m or less. More preferably, it is 2 ⁇ m or more and 0.3 ⁇ m or less. Further, the maximum roughness (Rmax) of the one surface is 2.0 ⁇ m or less, but from the viewpoint of adhesive strength with the polyimide resin layer after heat treatment, it is preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 2.0 ⁇ m or less. More preferably, it is 5 ⁇ m or more and 2.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the dielectric breakdown voltage decreases. This can be considered, for example, because the electric field concentrates on the uneven portion of the metal foil surface as a base point. Also, when the surface of the metal foil on which the polyimide resin layer is provided has a large surface roughness as described above, the thickness of the polyimide resin layer tends to be non-uniform and variations in the thermal conductivity occur in the surface. There is.
- the arithmetic average roughness and the maximum roughness of the surface of the metal foil are measured using a palpation type roughness meter under conditions of room temperature and a measuring force of 0.7 mN.
- a method for setting the arithmetic average roughness and the maximum roughness of the surface of the metal foil within a predetermined range a method usually used for controlling the surface roughness of the metal foil can be used without any particular limitation.
- the metal foil for example, a commercially available metal foil such as an electrolytic copper foil manufactured by Fukuda Metal Co., Ltd. or an electrolytic copper foil manufactured by Nihon Electrolytic Co., Ltd., the arithmetic average roughness and maximum roughness of the surface are predetermined.
- a range of metal foil can also be used.
- the ratio (maximum roughness / arithmetic average roughness) of the maximum roughness (Rmax) to the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the metal foil surface is not particularly limited.
- it is preferably 5 to 15, more preferably 7 to 12.
- the average thickness of the metal foil is not particularly limited.
- the thickness is preferably 6 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 6 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 9 ⁇ m to 35 ⁇ m.
- the average thickness of metal foil measures the thickness of ten places chosen at random using a palpation type roughness meter, and is given as the arithmetic average value.
- a polyimide resin layer is provided on one surface of the metal foil having an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of 0.3 ⁇ m or less and a maximum roughness (Rmax) of 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the average thickness is 3 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
- the average thickness of the polyimide resin layer is preferably 3 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, and more preferably 5 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
- a sufficient dielectric breakdown voltage preferably 1 kV or more
- the average thickness of the resin layer is given as an arithmetic average value obtained by measuring the thickness at 10 randomly selected locations using a palpation type roughness meter.
- the ratio of the average thickness of the polyimide resin layer to the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the metal foil surface is not particularly limited.
- it is preferably 10 or more, more preferably 15 to 125.
- the ratio (polyimide resin layer thickness / maximum roughness) of the average thickness (polyimide resin layer thickness / arithmetic average roughness) of the polyimide resin layer to the maximum roughness (Rmax) of the metal foil surface is not particularly limited.
- it is preferably 1 to 20, and more preferably 1.5 to 15.
- the adhesive force between the polyimide resin layer and the metal foil is preferably 0.5 kN / m or more, more preferably 0.8 kN / m or more after heat treatment at 150 ° C. for 500 hours.
- the adhesive strength after heat treatment is within the above range, delamination as a substrate is suppressed, and a substrate with high reliability and excellent heat dissipation stability can be configured.
- the adhesive force between the polyimide resin layer and the metal foil is preferably 0.7 kN / m or more, more preferably 0.9 kN / m or more, before heat treatment at 150 ° C. for 500 hours. .
- the adhesive force before the heat treatment is within the above range, the repair property when an element such as an LED is erroneously bonded to the circuit is improved.
- the said adhesive force is measured on the conditions of 90 degrees of peeling angles and 50 mm / min using a tensile tester (For example, RTM500 by the Orient-Tech company).
- the dielectric breakdown voltage as a whole of the polyimide resin layer and the adhesive layer is preferably 3 kV or more, and more preferably 4 kV or more.
- the dielectric breakdown voltage of the polyimide resin layer is measured in the layer thickness direction of the entire polyimide resin layer constituting the substrate of the present invention.
- a dielectric breakdown voltage is measured on condition of 2 mA using a voltmeter (Kikusui Electronics Co., Ltd. make, TOS8700).
- a method of increasing the thickness of the polyimide resin layer within a range of 25 ⁇ m or less, and the polyimide resin layer including a specific polyimide resin described later are configured. Examples thereof include a method and a method of reducing the surface roughness (roughening) of the metal foil as much as possible.
- the polyimide resin constituting the polyimide resin layer is not particularly limited.
- it can be appropriately selected from polyimide resins usually used for forming flexible printed wiring boards.
- polyimide resins usually used for forming flexible printed wiring boards.
- the polyimide resin which comprises a polyimide resin layer may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the polyimide resin is preferably obtained from an acid anhydride containing biphenyltetracarboxylic acid anhydride and a diamine containing at least one of diaminodiphenyl ether and phenylenediamine, and an acid containing biphenyltetracarboxylic acid anhydride. More preferably, it is obtained from an anhydride and a diamine containing diaminodiphenyl ether and phenylenediamine, and 0.15 mol to 0.25 mol relative to an acid anhydride containing 1 mol of biphenyltetracarboxylic anhydride.
- the said polyimide resin layer is comprised including at least 1 sort (s) of polyimide resin
- the said specific polyimide resin it may contain the other component as needed.
- other components include solvents and inorganic fillers.
- the solvent include amide solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and N, N-dimethylacetamide.
- the content of the polyimide resin in the polyimide resin layer is preferably 40% by volume or more in the solid content of the polyimide resin layer, more preferably 60% by volume or more from the viewpoint of maintaining the strength of the polyimide, and 70% by volume. % Or more is more preferable.
- the solid content means a residue excluding volatile components.
- the method for providing the polyimide resin layer on the metal foil is not particularly limited as long as a polyimide resin layer having an average thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m can be formed.
- the step of obtaining a polyimide precursor by reacting an acid anhydride and diamine and the obtained polyimide precursor (preferably, polyimide precursor varnish) are applied on the metal foil, and the polyimide precursor is applied on the metal foil.
- Forming a polyimide resin layer on a metal foil by a method comprising a step of forming a body layer and a step of heat-treating the polyimide precursor to form a polyimide resin layer by dehydrating and cyclizing the polyimide precursor to a polyimide resin.
- the polyimide precursor varnish contains at least a polyimide precursor and a solvent.
- the polyimide precursor can be obtained by mixing an acid anhydride and a diamine and reacting them.
- the mixing ratio of the acid anhydride and diamine is not particularly limited, but the ratio of acid anhydride to diamine (acid anhydride / diamine) is preferably 0.9 to 1.1 on an equivalent basis, 0.95 to More preferably, it is 1.05.
- the ratio of the acid anhydride to the diamine is within the above range, the molecular weight of the formed polyimide resin can be appropriately controlled, and the strength of the polyimide resin layer is improved.
- an acid anhydride or diamine is comprised from 2 or more types, respectively, it is preferable that each total amount satisfy
- a commercially available polyimide precursor may be used instead of the step of obtaining the polyimide precursor.
- the method for applying the polyimide precursor on the metal foil in the step of forming the polyimide precursor layer is not particularly limited as long as the polyimide precursor layer can be formed to a predetermined layer thickness. You can select and apply. For example, it can be carried out by a known coating method. Specific examples of the coating method include comma coating, die coating, lip coating, and gravure coating. As a coating method for forming a polyimide precursor layer in a predetermined layer thickness, a comma coating method for passing an object to be coated between gaps, a die coating method for coating a polyimide precursor varnish with a flow rate adjusted from a nozzle, or the like. It can be preferably applied.
- a drying process which removes at least one part of the solvent contained in a polyimide resin varnish after application
- a usual solvent removing method can be applied without any particular limitation.
- a method of heat treatment at 90 ° C. to 130 ° C. for 5 minutes to 30 minutes can be exemplified.
- the solvent residual ratio in the polyimide precursor layer after the drying step is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30% by mass to 45% by mass.
- the conditions for the dehydration cyclization in the step of obtaining the polyimide resin layer are not particularly limited as long as the polyimide precursor can be dehydration cyclized to the polyimide resin.
- a heat treatment method may be performed at 350 ° C. to 550 ° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere substantially free of oxygen (preferably, an oxygen content of 0.5% by volume or less).
- a method of heat treatment at 380 ° C. to 550 ° C. in a non-oxidizing mixed gas atmosphere containing nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas is preferable.
- the heat treatment is performed at 400 ° C. to 550 ° C. in a mixed gas atmosphere containing hydrogen and having a hydrogen content of 0.1% by volume to 4% by volume.
- the thermal decomposition of a polyimide precursor and a polyimide resin can be suppressed by setting it as the temperature of 550 degrees C or less. Further, by dehydrating and cyclizing in a non-oxidizing mixed gas atmosphere containing nitrogen and hydrogen, the oxidative decomposition of the polyimide precursor and the polyimide resin is suppressed, and the dielectric breakdown voltage is further improved. Further, when the hydrogen content in the non-oxidizing mixed gas atmosphere is 0.1% by volume or more, the oxidative decomposition inhibiting effect is further improved. Moreover, the safety
- An adhesive layer is provided on the polyimide resin layer.
- Various surface treatments may be performed on the surface of the polyimide resin layer in contact with the adhesive layer as necessary.
- the wettability with respect to the formed adhesive resin layer in particular, the wettability of the adhesive varnish when the adhesive varnish is applied on the polyimide resin layer to form the adhesive resin layer is improved.
- production of a repellency, unevenness, etc. can be suppressed, and adhesive force can be improved more or can be stabilized more.
- the surface treatment method can be appropriately selected from commonly used methods according to the purpose. For example, treatment methods such as UV irradiation, corona discharge treatment, buffing, sand blasting, various dry etching, various wet etching and the like can be mentioned. Among these, it is preferable to use dry etching treatment by oxygen plasma treatment because of the ease of continuous treatment, the stability of treatment effect, and the magnitude of the effect.By performing the dry etching treatment by oxygen plasma treatment, the polyimide resin layer and The adhesive force between the adhesive layer can be improved more effectively, and a substrate with higher reliability and more stable thermal conductivity can be obtained. Furthermore, the adhesive layer can be made thinner. This may be because, for example, the wettability between the polyimide resin layer and the adhesive varnish is more effectively improved by the oxygen plasma treatment.
- an adhesive layer is provided on the polyimide resin layer.
- the average thickness of the adhesive layer is 5 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m, but is preferably 5 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, and more preferably 5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of thermal conductivity, adhesiveness, and dielectric breakdown voltage.
- the layer thickness of the adhesive layer is equal to or less than the maximum surface roughness of the attachment surface of the heat dissipation metal plate, and the polyimide resin layer is attached when attaching to the heat dissipation metal plate. Damaged dielectric breakdown voltage may be reduced.
- the average thickness of the adhesive layer is given as an arithmetic average value obtained by measuring the thickness of 10 locations selected at random using a palpation type roughness meter.
- the ratio of the average thickness of the adhesive layer to the average thickness of the polyimide resin layer is not particularly limited.
- it is preferably from 0.3 to 5, and more preferably from 0.3 to 2.5.
- the total sum of the average thickness of the polyimide resin layer and the average thickness of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited.
- it is preferably 10 ⁇ m to 35 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
- the adhesion between the polyimide resin layer and the adhesive layer, and between the adhesive layer and the heat dissipation metal plate provided as necessary is preferably 0.5 kN / m or more after heat treatment at 150 ° C. for 500 hours, More preferably, it is 0.8 kN / m or more.
- the adhesive force is within the above range, the reliability as a substrate is further improved.
- the adhesive strength between the polyimide resin layer and the adhesive layer, and between the adhesive layer and the heat-dissipating metal plate provided as necessary is 0.7 kN / m or more before heat treatment at 150 ° C. for 500 hours. Is more preferable, and 0.8 kN / m or more is more preferable.
- the adhesive strength before the heat treatment is within the above range, it is possible to prevent the yield from being deteriorated due to swelling during reflow soldering when mounting an element such as an LED.
- the method of setting the adhesive strength of the adhesive layer within the above range include a method of subjecting the polyimide resin layer to dry etching treatment by oxygen plasma treatment, a method of constituting the adhesive layer including a specific resin described later, and a polyimide resin layer.
- a primer may be applied to the surface.
- the elastic modulus at normal temperature (25 ° C.) after curing of the adhesive resin contained in the adhesive layer is preferably 200 MPa to 1000 MPa, and more preferably 300 MPa to 800 MPa.
- 1000 MPa or less the stress generated by thermal expansion can be relaxed, and the occurrence of cracks at the interface with the adhesive layer can be suppressed.
- 200 MPa or more it is possible to suppress the occurrence of sinking when an element such as an LED is mounted on the substrate.
- the elastic modulus after curing is an elastic modulus after the adhesive resin contained in the adhesive layer is completely cured.
- the curing conditions vary depending on the type of resin and curing agent used, but when an epoxy resin and its curing agent are used, the curing can be performed, for example, at a temperature of 185 ° C. for 90 minutes.
- the elastic modulus is measured at a peel angle of 90 degrees and 50 mm / min using a tensile tester (for example, RTM500, manufactured by Orientec Corp.).
- Examples of the method of setting the elastic modulus after curing of the adhesive resin within the above range include a method of appropriately selecting the adhesive resin and its curing agent from known compounds.
- the adhesive resin has a resin configuration as described later.
- the adhesive resin contained in the adhesive layer is not particularly limited as long as the polyimide resin layer and the adherend (preferably, a metal plate for heat dissipation) can be bonded. Among these, it is preferable to include at least one siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin. When the adhesive resin contains the siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin, the adhesiveness of the adhesive layer to the polyimide resin layer and the heat resistance are further improved.
- the siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin can be appropriately selected from known compounds. Among these, a siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin synthesized using a siloxane-modified diamine is preferable. Examples of such a siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin include KS9003, KS9006, and KS9900F manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the content of the adhesive resin (preferably siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin) in the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of adhesiveness and heat resistance, 30% by mass to 60% by mass in the solid content of the adhesive layer. It is preferably 40% by mass to 55% by mass. Adhesiveness with a polyimide resin layer improves more by containing 30 mass% or more of adhesive resin. Moreover, heat resistance improves more because it is 60 mass% or less.
- the adhesive layer preferably further includes at least one epoxy resin in addition to the siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin.
- Heat resistance tends to be further improved by further including an epoxy resin.
- the epoxy resin can be appropriately selected from normally used epoxy resins without particular limitation. Among them, an epoxy resin having 2 or more epoxy groups in one molecule, preferably an epoxy resin compatible with the siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin, has 2 to 3 epoxy groups in one molecule. More preferably, it is an epoxy resin that is compatible with the siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin.
- “compatible” means that when an epoxy resin and a siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin are mixed at a desired ratio, they can be mixed uniformly visually.
- an epoxy resin compatible with the siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin for example, an epoxy resin having a skeleton structure similar to the skeleton structure of the diamine constituting the siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin is preferable.
- the polyamideimide resin is composed of phenylenediamine, it is preferably an epoxy resin having a benzene ring, and a bisphenol type epoxy resin is particularly preferable in consideration of the heat resistance of the adhesive.
- epoxy group reactive resin a polyfunctional resin having 3 or more functional groups capable of reacting with the epoxy group of the epoxy resin in one molecule is further included. It is preferable to include a polyfunctional resin having 3 to 10 functional groups capable of reacting with an epoxy group in one molecule.
- a resin having 3 or more functional groups that react with an epoxy group a polyfunctional epoxy compound having 3 or more epoxy groups, a polyfunctional phenol compound having 3 or more phenolic hydroxyl groups, and a polyfunctional having 3 or more amino groups
- examples include amines, urethane resins having three or more amino groups or hydroxyl groups.
- the polyfunctional epoxy compound having three or more epoxy groups include polyphenols such as bisphenol A, novolac phenol resin, orthocresol novolac phenol resin, polyhydric alcohols such as 1,4-butanediol, and epichlorohydrin.
- Polyglycidyl ethers obtained by reaction polyglycidyl esters obtained by reacting polybasic acids such as phthalic acid and hexahydrophthalic acid with epichlorohydrin; N- of compounds having amine, amide or heterocyclic nitrogen base Examples include glycidyl derivatives; alicyclic epoxy resins.
- the polyfunctional phenol compound include novolak-type phenol resins and resole-type phenol resins that are condensates of at least one selected from the group consisting of hydroquinone, resorcinol, bisphenol A, and halides thereof with formaldehyde. .
- the content ratio of the epoxy group reactive resin to the epoxy resin in the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but is 0.5 to 1.0 from the viewpoint of heat resistance and adhesiveness. It is preferably 0.8 to 1.0.
- the content of the siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin, the epoxy resin, and the epoxy group reactive resin in the adhesive layer is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of adhesiveness and heat resistance, the total amount of the resin in the solid content of the adhesive layer is 100% by mass or less, and the content of the siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin is 30% by mass to 60% by mass. Is preferably 10% by mass or more, and the content of the epoxy-reactive resin is preferably 10% by mass or more.
- the content of the siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin is 30% by mass to 60% by mass
- the content of the epoxy resin is 10% by mass to 30% by mass
- the content of the epoxy group reactive resin is 10% by mass to 30% by mass. More preferably, it is mass%.
- the content of the epoxy resin is 10% by mass or more
- the compatibility between the siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin and the epoxy group reactive resin is improved, and the heat resistance is further improved.
- heat resistance improves more because the content rate of an epoxy-group reactive resin is 10 mass% or more.
- the content ratio of the total content of the epoxy resin and epoxy group reactive resin in the adhesive layer to the content of the siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin is particularly limited. Not. From the viewpoint of adhesiveness and heat resistance, it is preferably 2/3 to 7/3, more preferably 2/3 to 4/3.
- the adhesive layer may further include an epoxy resin curing agent, a curing accelerator, or the like, if necessary.
- the curing agent and curing accelerator for the epoxy resin are not limited as long as they react with the epoxy resin or accelerate the curing.
- an amine compound, an imidazole compound, an acid anhydride compound, etc. can be mentioned.
- amine compounds include dicyandiamide, diaminodiphenylmethane, and guanylurea.
- the acid anhydride compound include phthalic anhydride, benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride, methyl hymic acid, and the like.
- an alkyl group substituted imidazole and a benzimidazole compound can be used as an imidazole compound.
- the adhesive layer may further contain additives such as a silane coupling agent, an electric corrosion resistance improver, a flame retardant, and a rust inhibitor.
- the method of providing the adhesive layer on the polyimide resin layer is not particularly limited as long as the thickness of the adhesive layer can be formed to 5 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
- it can be formed by applying and drying an adhesive varnish containing an adhesive resin and a solvent on the polyimide resin layer.
- coating an adhesive varnish it is the same as that of the above-mentioned application method, and is also the same as the above-mentioned drying process about drying.
- the solvent residual rate in the adhesive layer after the drying step is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2% by mass or less.
- the substrate may further have a metal plate on the adhesive layer.
- the metal plate functions as a heat dissipation member.
- the metal plate include copper, aluminum, stainless steel, iron, and gold. From the viewpoint of adhesion, copper, aluminum, or iron is preferable, and from the viewpoint of heat dissipation, copper or aluminum is more preferable.
- size, thickness, etc. of a metal plate are not restrict
- the method for producing a substrate of the present invention comprises a step of preparing a polyimide precursor which is a reaction product of an acid anhydride containing biphenyltetracarboxylic acid anhydride and a diamine containing diaminodiphenyl ether and phenylenediamine, and an arithmetic operation of the metal foil.
- a step of applying the polyimide precursor on a surface having an average roughness (Ra) of 0.3 ⁇ m or less and a maximum roughness (Rmax) of 2 ⁇ m or less, and in a mixed gas atmosphere containing nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas The step of forming a polyimide resin layer by dehydrating and cyclizing from the polyimide precursor to the polyimide resin and the step of providing an adhesive layer on the polyimide resin layer are included.
- a polyimide precursor it may be prepared by reacting an acid anhydride and a diamine as described above to obtain a polyimide precursor, or by preparing a commercially available polyimide precursor. May be. Details of the step of applying a polyimide precursor, the step of forming a polyimide resin layer, and the step of providing an adhesive layer are as described above.
- the heat dissipation board of the present invention is obtained by forming a circuit layer by processing a metal foil of the board.
- the method for processing the circuit on the metal foil on the substrate is not particularly limited, and is appropriately selected from commonly used circuit forming methods.
- the circuit layer can be formed using, for example, a normal photolithography method.
- the heat dissipation module of the present invention includes the heat dissipation board and at least one element arranged on the heat dissipation board.
- the element is mounted on the circuit layer of the heat dissipation board.
- the element is not particularly limited, but is preferably an exothermic element, more preferably a semiconductor element, and further preferably an LED element.
- the circuit layer on which the element is mounted can be formed by processing the metal foil of the substrate by a method usually used. Furthermore, the method usually used can be applied to the circuit layer mounting method without any particular limitation.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of use of the heat dissipation board 10 on which the LED element 40 is mounted.
- the heat dissipation substrate 10 is configured by laminating a metal plate 18, an adhesive layer 16, a polyimide resin layer 14, and a circuit layer 12 in this order, and an LED element 40 is formed on the circuit layer 12. Has been implemented.
- the heat dissipation module which is the heat dissipation substrate 10 on which the LED elements 40 are mounted, is disposed and used on the metal exterior plate 30 with the heat conductive adhesive layer 20 interposed therebetween.
- the heat conductive adhesive layer 20 may have conductivity. Heat generated from the LED element 40 is efficiently conducted to the metal plate 18 through the circuit layer 12, the polyimide resin layer 14, and the adhesive layer 16 constituting the heat dissipation substrate 10, and further from the metal plate 18 to the heat conductive adhesive material. Conducted through the layer 20 to the metal exterior plate 30. Since the heat dissipation substrate 10 is excellent in heat conductivity and insulation, the heat generated from the LED element 40 can be stably and efficiently without impairing reliability even if the heat conductive adhesive layer 20 has conductivity. Can dissipate heat.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view conceptually showing a light emitting module 100 which is an example of a method of using the heat dissipation board 10 on which the LED elements 40 are mounted.
- the light emitting module 100 includes a metal exterior plate 30, a heat conductive adhesive layer 20, and a heat dissipation board 10 on which the LED elements 40 are mounted in this order.
- the conductive adhesive layer 20 and the metal exterior plate 30 are fixed with screws 50.
- the light emitting module 100 since the heat dissipation of the heat dissipation substrate 10 and the heat conductive adhesive material 20 is excellent, the heat generated from the LED element 40 is shown in FIG. It is efficiently conducted to the metal exterior plate 30 through the heat conductive adhesive layer 20, and a stable heat dissipation effect can be shown. Furthermore, the light emitting module 100 has excellent reliability because the dielectric breakdown voltage of the heat dissipation substrate 10 as a whole is high.
- BPDA 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride
- the polyimide precursor varnish obtained above was applied on the roughened surface of the copper foil with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m using a coating machine (comma coater).
- a coating machine Comma coater
- As the copper foil an electrolytic copper foil (manufactured by Fukuda Metal Co., Ltd.) having a width of 540 mm and a thickness of 35 ⁇ m on one side was used.
- the solvent was removed from the copper foil coated with the polyimide precursor varnish using a forced air drying oven, and a polyimide precursor film with a copper foil in which a polyimide precursor layer was provided on the copper foil was produced.
- the residual solvent ratio in the polyimide precursor layer was 35%.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) on the roughened surface of the electrolytic copper foil used was 0.2 ⁇ m, and the maximum roughness (Rmax) was 1.8 ⁇ m.
- the polyimide precursor film with copper foil obtained above was continuously heat-treated using a hot-air circulating oven, and the polyimide precursor was subjected to dehydration cyclization to produce a polyimide film with copper foil.
- the heat treatment using the hot air circulation oven was performed under the conditions of 10 minutes at 400 ° C. by circulating a gas mixture of 99 volume% nitrogen and 1 volume% hydrogen.
- the thickness of the formed polyimide resin layer was measured at 10 randomly selected points using a palpation type roughness meter, and the average of the polyimide resin layer as the arithmetic average value thereof The thickness was determined to be 3.0 ⁇ m.
- Example 1> Adhesive layer forming process
- the polyimide resin layer of the polyimide film with copper foil prepared above was subjected to dry etching treatment by oxygen plasma treatment under conditions of 500 W and 180 seconds, and then on the polyimide resin layer using a coating machine (comma coater). Then, the adhesive varnish obtained above was applied so as to have a thickness of 10 ⁇ m after drying. The drying conditions were 130 ° C. and 5 minutes. Thereby, the board
- the substrate which is a polyimide film with copper foil provided with the obtained adhesive layer, was laminated so that the adhesive layer was in contact with an aluminum plate (manufactured by Nippon Light Metal Co., Ltd., A5052, no surface treatment, thickness 1 mm), Curing treatment was performed with a plate press under the conditions of 185 ° C., 3 MPa, and 90 minutes to obtain an evaluation sample A1.
- Evaluation was performed as follows using the obtained evaluation sample A1.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- the copper foil was removed by etching so that a 10 mm ⁇ 15 mm rectangular pattern was formed on the copper foil of the evaluation sample A1 cut into 30 mm squares, thereby preparing test pieces.
- an evaluation sample was prepared by fixing a transistor (D401A K35S manufactured by NEC) on the copper foil pattern with a solder ball.
- a thermally conductive silicon resin was applied to a pedestal cooled to 0 ° C., and evaluation sample A1 was set thereon so that the transistor was on the upper side.
- the transistor While measuring the temperature of the solder ball at the connection site using a radiation thermometer (Keyence IT2-50), the transistor was energized by connecting a 10V, 11V power supply (B418A-16 manufactured by Metronix) and a ground wire. The thermal resistance was calculated from the temperature and applied current value one minute after energization. The applied current value was measured using a tester (Hewlett-Packard E2378A). The target value of thermal resistance is 1.0 ° C./W or less.
- the copper foil was removed by etching so that a circular pattern with a diameter of 20 mm was formed on the copper foil of the evaluation sample A1, and a test piece was prepared. After drying the test piece at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes, the test piece was placed on the plate electrode of a voltmeter (Kikusui Electronics Co., Ltd., TOS8700), and an electrode having a diameter of 20 mm was placed on the circular pattern. Then, an AC voltage of 2 mA and 0.5 V was applied between the electrodes. Thereafter, the voltage was gradually increased, and the energized voltage was taken as the dielectric breakdown voltage. The target value of the dielectric breakdown voltage is 3.0 kV or more.
- the copper foil was removed by etching so that a 1 mm wide line was formed on the copper foil of the evaluation sample A1, and dried at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes to prepare a test piece.
- the aluminum plate of the test piece is fixed to a peel strength tester (Orientec Co., Ltd., RTM500). Then, the copper foil was peeled off at a peel angle of 90 degrees and 50 mm / min, and the load was measured.
- the target value of the copper foil peel strength is 0.7 kN / m before heat treatment at 150 ° C. for 500 hours, and 0.5 kN / m or more after heat treatment at 150 ° C. for 500 hours.
- the copper foil and the polyimide resin layer were removed using a cutter so that a 10 mm wide line was formed on the copper foil surface of the evaluation sample A1, and dried at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes to prepare a test piece.
- an aluminum plate of the test piece is fixed to a peel strength tester (Orientec Corp., RTM500).
- the adhesive layer was peeled off at a peel angle of 90 degrees and 50 mm / min, and the load was measured.
- the target value of the peel strength between layers is 0.7 kN / m before heat treatment at 150 ° C. for 500 hours and 0.5 kN / m or more after heat treatment at 150 ° C. for 500 hours.
- solder heat resistance After the evaluation sample A1 was cut into 5 cm square, the copper foil was removed by etching by a half area. After drying at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes, the copper foil surface side was floated on a 300 ° C. soldering iron, and the time until blistering was measured by the float method was measured.
- the target value of solder heat resistance is 60 seconds or more.
- Evaluation samples A2 to A6 were prepared in the same manner as described above except that the thicknesses of the polyimide resin layer and the adhesive layer were changed as shown in Table 1, and evaluated in the same manner.
- Example 7 ⁇ Examples 7 to 8>
- evaluation samples A7 to A8 were prepared in the same manner as described above except that the arithmetic average roughness of copper foil and the maximum roughness of roughened copper foil were changed as shown in Table 1, and evaluated in the same manner. .
- Evaluation samples C1 to C4 were prepared in the same manner as described above except that the thicknesses of the polyimide resin layer and the adhesive layer were changed as shown in Table 1, and evaluated in the same manner.
- Example 2 evaluation samples C5 to C7 were prepared in the same manner as described above except that the arithmetic average roughness of copper foil and the maximum roughness of roughening of copper foil were changed as shown in Table 1, and evaluated in the same manner. .
- An evaluation sample constituted by using the substrates obtained in Examples 1 to 8 has a thermal resistance value of 1.0 (° C./°C while maintaining dielectric breakdown voltage, solder heat resistance, copper foil, and peeling strength between layers. W) The following was maintained.
- the thermal resistance was large.
- the dielectric breakdown voltage decreased.
- the peel strength between the layers and the solder heat resistance were lowered.
- the dielectric breakdown voltage was lowered.
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Abstract
Description
一般に電気絶縁材層の上には銅箔が積層されて、配線パターンが形成されている。そして配線パターン上にハンダを用いて、セラミックチップ部品やシリコン半導体、端子等を実装する。
前記電気絶縁材層としては、例えば、特許第3255315号公報には、熱可塑性ポリイミド又はポリフェニレンエーテル(PPE)に無機フィラーを添加したものが提案されている。しかしこのような熱可塑性ポリイミド、PPEのような一般的な樹脂は、樹脂自体の熱伝導率が低いため、近年のPDP(プラズマディスプレイパネル)やLED(発光ダイオード)等の高放熱性が要求される電子部品用の放熱基板とすることが難しい場合があった。そこで近年は、電気絶縁材層の高熱伝導化の検討がなされており、例えば特開平11-323162号公報及び特開2008-106126号公報には、樹脂の熱伝導性を高める手段として、結晶化樹脂を用いることが提案されている。また例えば、特開2007-150224号公報では、高熱伝導性フィラーを用いる検討が行われている。
本発明は、上記問題点を改善するものであり、信頼性が高く安定した放熱効果を示す薄型の基板を提供することを課題とする。
すなわち本発明は以下の態様を包含する。
<1> 金属箔と、前記金属箔の、算術平均粗さ(Ra)が0.3μm以下且つ最大粗さ(Rmax)が2.0μm以下である面上に設けられ、平均厚みが3μm~25μmであるポリイミド樹脂層と、前記ポリイミド樹脂層上に設けられ、平均厚みが5μm~25μmである接着剤層と、を有する基板である。
前記樹脂に含まれるシロキサン変性ポリアミドイミド樹脂、前記シロキサン変性ポリアミドイミド樹脂と相溶可能でエポキシ基を1分子中に2以上有するエポキシ樹脂、及び前記エポキシ基と反応可能な官能基を1分子中に3以上有する多官能樹脂の、前記固形分中における含有率がそれぞれ順に、30質量%~60質量%、10質量%以上、及び10質量%以上である前記<1>~<7>のいずれか1つに記載の基板である。
本発明の基板は、金属箔と、前記金属箔の、算術平均粗さ(Ra)が0.3μm以下且つ最大粗さ(Rmax)が2.0μm以下である面上に設けられ、平均厚みが3μm~25μmであるポリイミド樹脂層と、前記ポリイミド樹脂層上に設けられ、平均厚みが5μm~25μmである接着剤層と、を有する。
かかる構成であることで、絶縁破壊電圧及び素子等を搭載する際のリフロー耐性が高く、また長時間高温に晒された後であっても層間剥離等の不具合の発生が抑制されるという信頼性が高く、安定した放熱効果を示す薄型の基板とすることができる。本発明の基板は、例えば、LED搭載用の放熱基板等に好適に用いられる。
前記金属箔は、少なくとも一方の面の算術平均粗さ(Ra)が0.3μm以下、且つ、最大粗さ(Rmax)が2.0μm以下であれば特に制限されない。金属箔を構成する材質は例えば、金、銅、アルミニウムなど特に制限されない。一般的には銅箔が用いられる。
また金属箔として、ニッケル、ニッケル-リン、ニッケル-スズ合金、ニッケル-鉄合金、鉛、鉛-スズ合金等を中間層とし、この両面に0.5μm~15μmの銅層と10μm~300μmの銅層を設けた3層構造の複合箔、又はアルミニウムと銅箔とを複合した2層構造複合箔を用いることもできる。
また前記一方の面の最大粗さ(Rmax)は2.0μm以下であるが、熱処理後のポリイミド樹脂層との接着力の観点から、1.0μm以上2.0μm以下であることが好ましく、1.5μm以上2.0μm以下であることがより好ましい。
金属箔面の算術平均粗さ(Ra)が0.3μmを超えたり、最大粗さ(Rmax)が2.0μmを超えたりして表面粗さが大きい場合には、絶縁破壊電圧が低下する。これは例えば、金属箔面の凹凸部を基点に電界が集中するためと考えることができる。また、金属箔のポリイミド樹脂層を設ける面が上記の様に表面粗さが大きい場合には、ポリイミド樹脂層の層厚が不均一になりやすく、面内における熱伝導性のバラツキが発生する場合がある。
なお、金属箔の面の算術平均粗さ及び最大粗さは、触診式粗さ計を用いて、室温、測定力0.7mNの条件で測定される。
また前記金属箔として、例えば、福田金属株式会社製の電解銅箔や日本電解株式会社製の電解銅箔等の市販の金属箔であって、面の算術平均粗さ及び最大粗さが所定の範囲である金属箔を用いることもできる。
なお、金属箔の平均厚みは、触診式粗さ計を用いて無作為に選択される10箇所の厚みを測定し、その算術平均値として与えられる。
本発明の基板においては前記金属箔の一方の面であって、算術平均粗さ(Ra)が0.3μm以下且つ最大粗さ(Rmax)が2μm以下の面上に、ポリイミド樹脂層が設けられていて、その平均厚みが3μm~25μmである。前記ポリイミド樹脂層の平均厚みは3μm~15μmであることが好ましく、5μm~15μmであることがより好ましい。ポリイミド樹脂層の平均厚みが3μm未満場合には十分な絶縁破壊電圧(好ましくは、1kV以上)を達成することができない場合がある。また平均厚みが25μmを超えると十分な熱伝導性を達成できない場合がある。
なお、樹脂層の平均厚みは、触診式粗さ計を用いて、無作為に選択される10箇所の厚みを測定し、その算術平均値として与えられる。
ここでポリイミド樹脂層の絶縁破壊電圧は、本発明の基板を構成するポリイミド樹脂層全体として層厚方向で測定されるものである。尚、絶縁破壊電圧は、耐電圧計(菊水電子工業株式会社製、TOS8700)を用いて、2mAの条件で測定される。
ポリイミド樹脂層を構成するポリイミド樹脂は1種単独でも、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
かかる特定の構成からなるポリイミド樹脂(以下、「特定ポリイミド樹脂」ともいう)であることで、ポリイミド樹脂層と金属箔との接着性がより向上する。また絶縁破壊電圧がより向上する。
前記溶剤としては、例えば、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド等のアミド溶剤を挙げることができる。
前記ポリイミド樹脂層におけるポリイミド樹脂の含有率は、ポリイミド樹脂層の固形分中に40体積%以上であることが好ましく、ポリイミドの強度維持の観点から60体積%以上であることがより好ましく、70体積%以上であることがさらに好ましい。
ここで固形分とは揮発性成分を除いた残分を意味する。
なお、ポリイミド前駆体ワニスはポリイミド前駆体と溶剤とを少なくとも含む。
酸無水物のジアミンに対する比が前記範囲内であることで、形成されるポリイミド樹脂の分子量を適切に制御することができ、ポリイミド樹脂層の強度が向上する。
ここで、酸無水物またはジアミンがそれぞれ2種以上から構成される場合、それぞれの総量が前記範囲を満たしていることが好ましい。
なお、前記ポリイミド前駆体を得る工程に代えて、市販のポリイミド前駆体を用いてもよい。
例えば、公知の塗布方法により実施することができる。塗布方法として具体的には、コンマコート、ダイコート、リップコート、グラビアコート等の方法が挙げられる。所定の層厚にポリイミド前駆体層を形成するための塗布方法としては、ギャップ間に被塗工物を通過させるコンマコート法、ノズルから流量を調整したポリイミド前駆体ワニスを塗布するダイコート法等を好ましく適用することができる。
乾燥工程における溶剤の除去には通常の溶剤除去方法を特に制限なく適用できる。例えば、90℃~130℃で5分間~30分間、加熱処理する方法等を挙げることができる。
乾燥工程後のポリイミド前駆体層中の溶剤残存率は特に制限されないが、30質量%~45質量%であることが好ましい。
また窒素及び水素を含む非酸化性の混合気体雰囲気下で脱水環化することでポリイミド前駆体及びポリイミド樹脂の酸化分解を抑制し、絶縁破壊電圧がより向上する。
さらに非酸化性の混合気体雰囲気における水素の含有率が0.1体積%以上であると酸化分解抑制効果がより向上する。また水素の含有率が4体積%以下であると製造時の安全性が向上する。
酸素プラズマ処理によるドライエッチング処理を行うことで、ポリイミド樹脂層と接着剤層との間の接着力をより効果的に向上させることができ、より信頼性が高く、熱伝導性がより安定化された基板を得ることができる。さらにまた、接着剤層をより薄層化することができる。これは例えば、ポリイミド樹脂層と接着剤ワニスとの濡れ性が酸素プラズマ処理によって、より効果的に向上するためと考えることができる。
本発明の基板においては、前記ポリイミド樹脂層上には接着剤層が設けられる。接着剤層の平均厚みは5μm~25μmであるが、熱伝導性、接着性、及び絶縁破壊電圧の観点から、5μm~15μmであることが好ましく、5μm~10μmであることがより好ましい。
接着剤層の平均厚みが5μm未満では、例えば、接着剤層の層厚が放熱用金属板の貼り付け面の最大表面粗さ以下になり、放熱用金属板への貼り付け時にポリイミド樹脂層を傷つけ絶縁破壊電圧が低下する場合がある。また平均厚みが25μmを超えると熱伝導性が低下する傾向がある。
なお、接着剤層の平均厚みは、触診式粗さ計を用いて無作為に選択される10箇所の厚みを測定し、その算術平均値として与えられる。
また前記ポリイミド樹脂層の平均厚みと接着剤層の平均厚みの総和(以下、「樹脂層厚み」ともいう)は特に制限されない。例えば、熱伝導性及び絶縁破壊電圧の観点から、10μm~35μmであることが好ましく、10μm~25μmであることがより好ましい。
接着剤層の接着力を前記範囲とする方法としては、例えば、ポリイミド樹脂層を酸素プラズマ処理によるドライエッチング処理する方法、接着剤層を後述する特定の樹脂を含んで構成する方法、ポリイミド樹脂層の表面にプライマーを塗布する等を挙げることができる。
ここで、硬化後の弾性率とは、接着剤層に含有される接着剤樹脂を完全に硬化させた後の弾性率である。硬化の条件は使用する樹脂や硬化剤の種類等により異なるが、エポキシ樹脂とその硬化剤を用いた場合には、例えば185℃で90分の熱処理により硬化させる条件とすることができる。
なお、弾性率は引張り試験機(例えば、オリエンテック社製、RTM500)を用いて、剥離角90度、50mm/分で測定される。
接着剤樹脂がシロキサン変性ポリアミドイミド樹脂を含むことで、接着剤層のポリイミド樹脂層に対する接着性や、耐熱性がより向上する。
前記エポキシ樹脂としては特に制限なく通常用いられるエポキシ樹脂から適宜選択することができる。中でも、1分子中に2以上のエポキシ基を有するエポキシ樹脂であって、前記シロキサン変性ポリアミドイミド樹脂と相溶可能なエポキシ樹脂であることが好ましく、1分子中に2~3のエポキシ基を有するエポキシ樹脂であって、前記シロキサン変性ポリアミドイミド樹脂と相溶可能なエポキシ樹脂であることがより好ましい。
ここで、相溶可能とはエポキシ樹脂とシロキサン変性ポリアミドイミド樹脂とを所望の比率で混合した場合に、目視にて均一に混合可能であることをいう。
3以上のエポキシ基を有する多官能エポキシ化合物としては、例えば、ビスフェノールA、ノボラック型フェノール樹脂、オルトクレゾールノボラック型フェノール樹脂等の多価フェノール又は1,4-ブタンジオール等の多価アルコールとエピクロルヒドリンを反応させて得られるポリグリシジルエーテル類;フタル酸、ヘキサヒドロフタル酸等の多塩基酸とエピクロルヒドリンを反応させて得られるポリグリシジルエステル類;アミン、アミド又は複素環式窒素塩基を有する化合物のN-グリシジル誘導体;脂環式エポキシ樹脂などが挙げられる。
多官能フェノール化合物としては、例えば、ヒドロキノン、レゾルシノール、ビスフェノールA及びこれらのハロゲン化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種とホルムアルデヒドとの縮合物であるノボラック型フェノール樹脂、レゾール型フェノール樹脂などが挙げられる。
エポキシ樹脂の含有率が10質量%以上であることで、シロキサン変性ポリアミドイミド樹脂とエポキシ基反応性樹脂との相溶性が向上し、耐熱性がより向上する。またエポキシ基反応性樹脂の含有率が10質量%以上であることで、耐熱性がより向上する。
アミン化合物としては、ジシアンジアミド、ジアミノジフェニルメタン、グアニル尿素等を挙げることができる。また酸無水物化合物としては、無水フタル酸、ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、メチルハイミック酸等を挙げることができる。さらに硬化促進剤としては、イミダゾール化合物としてアルキル基置換イミダゾール、ベンゾイミダゾール化合物が使用できる。
さらに前記接着剤層は、シランカップリング剤、耐電食性向上剤、難燃剤、防錆剤等の添加剤をさらに含んでも良い。
また乾燥工程後の接着剤層中の溶剤残存率は特に制限されないが、2質量%以下であることが好ましい。
また金属板の大きさ、厚み等は特に制限されず、目的に応じて適宜選択される。
本発明の基板の製造方法は、ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸無水物を含む酸無水物、並びに、ジアミノジフェニルエーテル及びフェニレンジアミンを含むジアミンの反応物であるポリイミド前駆体を準備する工程と、金属箔の、算術平均粗さ(Ra)が0.3μm以下、且つ、最大粗さ(Rmax)が2μm以下である面上に、前記ポリイミド前駆体を付与する工程と、窒素ガス及び水素ガスを含む混合気体雰囲気下で、前記ポリイミド前駆体からポリイミド樹脂へ脱水環化してポリイミド樹脂層を形成する工程と、前記ポリイミド樹脂層上に接着剤層を設ける工程とを含む。
本発明の放熱基板は、前記基板の金属箔を回路加工して回路層を形成したものである。基板上の金属箔に回路加工する方法は特に制限されず、通常用いられる回路形成方法から適宜選択される。例えば、例えば通常のフォトリソ法を用いて、回路層を形成することができる。
本発明の放熱モジュールは、前記放熱基板と、前記放熱基板上に配置された素子の少なくとも1種とを備える。前記素子は、放熱基板の回路層上に実装される。
前記素子としては特に制限されないが、発熱性の素子であることが好ましく、半導体素子であることがより好ましく、LED素子であることがさらに好ましい。
図1に示すように放熱基板10は、金属板18と、接着剤層16と、ポリイミド樹脂層14と回路層12とがこの順に積層されて構成され、前記回路層12上にLED素子40が実装されている。
さらに前記発光モジュール100においては、放熱基板10の全体としての絶縁破壊電圧が高いため、優れた信頼性を有する。
(ポリイミド前駆体の合成)
熱電対、攪拌機、窒素吹込口を取り付けた5Lガラス製反応釜に、約300ml/分の窒素を流しながら、p-フェニレンジアミン(以下、「PPD」と略記することがある)129.7g(1.2モル)と、4,4’-ジアミノジフェニルエーテル(以下、「DDE」と略記することがある)60.1g(0.3モル)と、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(以下、「NMP」と略記することがある)3.6kgとを入れて攪拌し、ジアミン成分を溶解した。この溶液をウォータージャケットで50℃以下に冷却しながら、3,3’,4,4’-ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物(以下、「BPDA」と略記することがある)441.3g(1.49モル)を徐々に加えて重合反応させ、ポリイミド前駆体ワニスを得た。
BPDAとジアミン成分のモル比は1:1.01であった。
上記で得られたポリイミド前駆体ワニスを、塗工機(コンマコータ)を用いて、銅箔粗化面上に10μmの厚さで塗布した。銅箔には、幅540mm、厚さ35μmの片面粗化した電解銅箔(福田金属株式会社製)を用いた。
ポリイミド前駆体ワニスを塗布した銅箔を、強制通風乾燥炉を用いて溶媒を除去して、銅箔上にポリイミド前駆体層が設けられた、銅箔付きポリイミド前駆体フィルムを作製した。
ポリイミド前駆体層中の残溶剤率は35%であった。
また用いた電解銅箔の粗化面における算術平均粗さ(Ra)は0.2μm、最大粗さ(Rmax)は1.8μmであった。
上記で得られた銅箔付きポリイミド前駆体フィルムを、熱風循環式オーブンを用いて連続的に熱処理し、ポリイミド前駆体の脱水環化を行って銅箔付きポリイミドフィルムを作製した。
なお、熱風循環式オーブンを用いた熱処理は、窒素99体積%、水素1体積%からなる混合気体を循環させて、400℃で10分の条件で行った。
得られた銅箔付きポリイミドフィルムについて、形成されたポリイミド樹脂層の厚みを、触診式粗さ計を用いて無作為に選択された10カ所について測定し、その算術平均値としてポリイミド樹脂層の平均厚みを求めたところ、3.0μmであった。
シロキサン変性ポリアミドイミド樹脂(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名:KS9900F)を55部、ビスフェノール型エポキシ樹脂(DIC株式会社製、商品名:エピクロン840S)を30部、多官能性エポキシ樹脂(日本化薬株式会社製、商品名:EPPN502H)を15部、及び硬化促進剤(四国化成工業株式会社製、商品名:2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾール)を0.45部、各成分をそれぞれ計量して配合し、接着剤ワニスを調製した。
(接着剤層形成工程)
上記で作製した銅箔付きポリイミドフィルムのポリイミド樹脂層に対して、500W、180秒の条件で酸素プラズマ処理によるドライエッチング処理を実施した後、塗工機(コンマコーター)を用いてポリイミド樹脂層上に、乾燥後に10μmの厚みとなるように上記で得られた接着剤ワニスを塗布した。
尚、乾燥条件は、130℃、5分間の乾燥条件で行った。これにより、接着剤層が設けられた銅箔付きポリイミドフィルムである基板1を作製した。
また、接着剤層中の残溶剤率は1%以下であった。
(熱抵抗)
30mm角に切断した評価サンプルA1の銅箔に10mm×15mmの長方形のパターンが形成されるようにエッチングにより銅箔を除去して試験片を作製した。試験片を120℃で30分間乾燥した後、銅箔パターン上にトランジスタ(NEC製D401A K35S)をはんだボールにより固定して評価サンプルを作製した。
0℃に冷却した台座に熱伝導性シリコン樹脂を塗布し、その上にトランジスタが上側になるように評価サンプルA1をセットした。放射温度計(キーエンス製IT2-50)を用いて接続部位のはんだボールの温度を測定しながら、トランジスタに10V、11Vの電源(Metronix社製 B418A-16)及びアース線を接続して通電した。通電してから1分後の温度及び印加電流値から、熱抵抗を算出した。尚、印加電流値はテスター(ヒューレットパッカード社製E2378A)を用いて測定した。
熱抵抗の目標値は1.0℃/W以下である。
評価サンプルA1の銅箔に直径20mmの円形パターンが形成されるようにエッチングにより銅箔を除去して試験片を作製した。試験片を120℃で30分間乾燥した後、耐電圧計(菊水電子工業株式会社製、TOS8700)の板電極上にアルミニウム板を下にして試験片を乗せ、円形パターン上に直径20mmの電極を載せて、電極間に2mA、0.5Vの交流電圧を印加した。その後、電圧を徐々に昇圧し、通電した電圧を絶縁破壊電圧とした。
絶縁破壊電圧の目標値は3.0kV以上である。
評価サンプルA1の銅箔に1mm幅のラインが形成されるようにエッチングにより銅箔を除去し、120℃で30分乾燥して試験片を作製した。150℃で500時間の熱処理を行う前の試験片と、150℃で500時間の熱処理後の試験片のそれぞれについて、剥離強度試験器(オリエンテック社製、RTM500)に試験片のアルミニウム板を固定して、剥離角90度、50mm/分の条件で銅箔を剥離し、その荷重を測定した。
銅箔引き剥がし強さの目標値は、150℃で500時間の熱処理前においては0.7kN/m、150℃で500時間の熱処理後においては0.5kN/m以上である。
評価サンプルA1の銅箔面に10mm幅のラインが形成されるようにカッターを用いて銅箔及びポリイミド樹脂層を除去し、120℃で30分乾燥して試験片を作製した。150℃で500時間熱処理を行う前の試験片と、150℃で500時間の熱処理後の試験片のそれぞれについて、剥離強度試験器(オリエンテック社製、RTM500)に試験片のアルミニウム板を固定して、剥離角90度、50mm/分の条件で、接着剤層を剥離し、その荷重を測定した。
層間引き剥がし強さの目標値は、150℃で500時間の熱処理前においては0.7kN/m、150℃で500時間の熱処理後においては0.5kN/m以上である。
評価サンプルA1を5cm角に切断後、銅箔を半分の面積だけエッチングにより除去した。120℃で30分乾燥させた後、300℃のはんだ漕に銅箔面側を下にして浮かべ、フロート法にて膨れが生じるまでの時間を計測した。
はんだ耐熱性の目標値は60秒以上である。
実施例1において、ポリイミド樹脂層及び接着剤層の厚みを表1に示すように変更したこと以外は上記と同様にして評価サンプルA2~A6を作製し、同様にして評価した。
実施例4において、銅箔算術平均粗さ及び銅箔粗化最大粗さを表1に示すように変更したこと以外は上記と同様にして評価サンプルA7~A8を作製し、同様にして評価した。
実施例1において、ポリイミド樹脂層及び接着剤層の厚みを表1に示すように変更したこと以外は上記と同様にして評価サンプルC1~C4を作製し、同様にして評価した。
実施例2において、銅箔算術平均粗さ及び銅箔粗化最大粗さを表1に示すように変更したこと以外は上記と同様にして評価サンプルC5~C7を作製し、同様にして評価した。
一方、比較例1及び比較例4では熱抵抗が大きかった。また比較例2では絶縁破壊電圧が低下した。また比較例3では層間引き剥がし強さ及びはんだ耐熱性が低下した。さらに比較例5~7では絶縁破壊電圧が低下した。
本明細書に記載された全ての文献、特許出願、及び技術規格は、個々の文献、特許出願、及び技術規格が参照により取り込まれることが具体的かつ個々に記された場合と同程度に、本明細書に参照により取り込まれる。
Claims (12)
- 金属箔と、
前記金属箔の、算術平均粗さ(Ra)が0.3μm以下且つ最大粗さ(Rmax)が2.0μm以下である面上に設けられ、平均厚みが3μm~25μmであるポリイミド樹脂層と、
前記ポリイミド樹脂層上に設けられ、平均厚みが5μm~25μmである接着剤層と、
を有する基板。 - さらに前記接着剤層上に設けられる金属板を有する請求項1に記載の基板。
- 150℃、500時間の熱処理後の各層間の接着力が、それぞれ0.5kN/m以上である請求項1又は請求項2に記載の基板。
- 前記ポリイミド樹脂層及び接着剤層の全体としての絶縁破壊電圧が3kV以上である請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の基板。
- 前記接着剤層に含まれる接着剤樹脂の硬化後の常温における弾性率が200MPa~1000MPaである請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の基板。
- 前記ポリイミド樹脂層は、ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸無水物を含む酸無水物と、ジアミノジフェニルエーテル及びフェニレンジアミンを含むジアミンとから得られるポリイミド樹脂を含む請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の基板。
- 前記接着剤層は、シロキサン変性ポリアミドイミド樹脂及びエポキシ樹脂を含む請求項1~請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の基板。
- 前記接着剤層は、その固形分中の樹脂の総含有率が100質量%以下であり、
前記樹脂に含まれるシロキサン変性ポリアミドイミド樹脂、前記シロキサン変性ポリアミドイミド樹脂と相溶可能でエポキシ基を1分子中に2以上有するエポキシ樹脂、及び前記エポキシ基と反応可能な官能基を1分子中に3以上有する多官能樹脂の、前記固形分中における含有率がそれぞれ順に、30質量%~60質量%、10質量%以上、及び10質量%以上である請求項1~請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の基板。 - 請求項1~請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の基板における金属箔が回路加工されてなる放熱基板。
- 請求項9に記載の放熱基板と、前記放熱基板上に配置された素子と、を備える放熱モジュール。
- ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸無水物を含む酸無水物、並びに、ジアミノジフェニルエーテル及びフェニレンジアミンを含むジアミンの反応物であるポリイミド前駆体を準備する工程と、
金属箔の、算術平均粗さ(Ra)が0.3μm以下、且つ、最大粗さ(Rmax)が2μm以下である面上に、前記ポリイミド前駆体を付与する工程と、
窒素ガス及び水素ガスを含む混合気体雰囲気下で、前記ポリイミド前駆体からポリイミド樹脂へ脱水環化してポリイミド樹脂層を形成する工程と、
前記ポリイミド樹脂層上に接着剤層を設ける工程と、
を含む基板の製造方法。 - 前記ポリイミド前駆体は、1モルのビフェニルテトラカルボン酸無水物に対して、0.15モル~0.25モルのジアミノジフェニルエーテルと、0.75モル~0.85モルのフェニレンジアミンとを含むジアミンを反応させた反応物である請求項11に記載の基板の製造方法。
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WO2011040440A1 (ja) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-07 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | フレキシブルデバイス用基板、フレキシブルデバイス用薄膜トランジスタ基板、フレキシブルデバイス、薄膜素子用基板、薄膜素子、薄膜トランジスタ、薄膜素子用基板の製造方法、薄膜素子の製造方法および薄膜トランジスタの製造方法 |
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- 2012-05-23 CN CN201280027100.2A patent/CN103748672A/zh active Pending
- 2012-05-23 KR KR20137031596A patent/KR20140034800A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-05-23 WO PCT/JP2012/063227 patent/WO2012165265A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-05-23 JP JP2013518004A patent/JPWO2012165265A1/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-05-23 US US14/122,655 patent/US20140093723A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-05-25 TW TW101118780A patent/TWI501707B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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JP2016154262A (ja) * | 2014-04-10 | 2016-08-25 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | フレキシブルプリント配線板並びにこれを用いた集光型太陽光発電モジュール及び集光型太陽光発電パネル |
JP2019068106A (ja) * | 2014-04-10 | 2019-04-25 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | フレキシブルプリント配線板並びにこれを用いた集光型太陽光発電モジュール及び集光型太陽光発電パネル |
US10937918B2 (en) | 2014-04-10 | 2021-03-02 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Flexible printed circuit, and concentrator photovoltaic module and concentrator photovoltaic panel using same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN103748672A (zh) | 2014-04-23 |
JPWO2012165265A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
KR20140034800A (ko) | 2014-03-20 |
TWI501707B (zh) | 2015-09-21 |
TW201301963A (zh) | 2013-01-01 |
US20140093723A1 (en) | 2014-04-03 |
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