WO2010110220A1 - 分散組成物及び分散組成物の製造方法 - Google Patents
分散組成物及び分散組成物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010110220A1 WO2010110220A1 PCT/JP2010/054855 JP2010054855W WO2010110220A1 WO 2010110220 A1 WO2010110220 A1 WO 2010110220A1 JP 2010054855 W JP2010054855 W JP 2010054855W WO 2010110220 A1 WO2010110220 A1 WO 2010110220A1
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- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/14—Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters
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- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
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- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/34—Alcohols
- A61K8/347—Phenols
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- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/39—Derivatives containing from 2 to 10 oxyalkylene groups
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- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
- A61K8/4973—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with oxygen as the only hetero atom
- A61K8/498—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with oxygen as the only hetero atom having 6-membered rings or their condensed derivatives, e.g. coumarin
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- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/60—Sugars; Derivatives thereof
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- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/64—Proteins; Peptides; Derivatives or degradation products thereof
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- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61P17/16—Emollients or protectives, e.g. against radiation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/41—Particular ingredients further characterized by their size
- A61K2800/412—Microsized, i.e. having sizes between 0.1 and 100 microns
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dispersion composition and a method for producing the dispersion composition.
- the polyphenol compound-containing composition includes a composition obtained by mixing each component including a polyphenol compound in advance, and a composition obtained by adding a polyphenol compound after preparing in advance other than the polyphenol compound.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-136123 discloses a skin external preparation containing a metal chelating agent, an ultraviolet protective agent, an active oxygen removing agent and the like, and catechins are exemplified as the active oxygen removing agent.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-316259 discloses that the oil and fat is refined in an oil and fat containing a polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester and emulsified in an oil-in-water type in the presence of the polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester.
- a polyphenol formulation is disclosed. This polyphenol preparation is described as having a microcapsule structure in which a homogeneous oil film coating layer is formed on the surface of fine particles of polyphenols and exhibiting excellent aqueous dispersibility.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-280257 discloses an emulsion composition excellent in emulsion stability, which contains a fat-soluble substance, a phospholipid, and an emulsifier containing a sucrose fatty acid ester, and the polyglycerol fatty acid ester is a sucrose fatty acid ester.
- An emulsion composition having a mass ratio of 0.1 or less is disclosed. It is described that this emulsion composition does not generate aggregation or the like even when brought into contact with a polyphenol compound as an emulsion composition.
- JP-A-2005-320264 discloses an external gel base containing a polyphenol in a water-soluble polymer.
- polyphenols are contained in the water-soluble polymer in order to increase the gel strength of the gel composition.
- poorly water-soluble polyphenol compounds are known to be very difficult to emulsify and disperse and lack stability after dispersion. For this reason, it was extremely difficult to stably disperse the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound with the same formulation as the soluble polyphenol compound.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a dispersion composition excellent in dispersion stability containing a hardly water-soluble polyphenol compound.
- the present invention provides a dispersion composition and a method for producing the same.
- the first aspect of the present invention includes a poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound, an emulsifier containing a sucrose fatty acid ester, and a water-soluble polymer, and the content of the polyglycerol fatty acid ester in the composition is 0, or the composition Provided is a dispersion composition having an amount of 0.1 times or less with respect to the total mass of sucrose fatty acid esters in the product, and having a particle size of dispersed particles containing the poorly water-soluble polyphenol of 200 nm or less.
- the slightly water-soluble polyphenol compound may be at least one selected from the group consisting of resveratrol, curcumin, rutin, ellagic acid and quercetin.
- the water-soluble polymer may be at least one selected from the group consisting of proteins and polysaccharides.
- the second aspect of the present invention provides a cosmetic composition, food composition or pharmaceutical composition comprising the dispersion composition.
- a third aspect of the present invention is a method for producing the dispersion composition, wherein an oil phase is prepared by dissolving an oil phase component containing the poorly water-soluble polyphenol in a good solvent for the poorly water-soluble polyphenol.
- the dispersion composition comprising a preparation step, the obtained oil phase and the poor solvent phase of the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound, containing the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound and dispersed particles having a volume average particle diameter of 200 nm or less And a mixing step for obtaining a dispersion composition.
- the good solvent for the poorly water-soluble polyphenol may be a water-soluble organic solvent or an alkaline aqueous solution.
- the oil phase and the poor solvent phase may be mixed and mixed after passing through the microchannels having a size of 1 ⁇ m 2 to 1 mm 2 independently.
- the dispersion composition of the present invention contains a poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound, an emulsifier containing a sucrose fatty acid ester, and a water-soluble polymer, and the total content of polyglycerin fatty acid ester in the composition is 0, or composition It is a dispersion composition having a particle size of not more than 0.1 times the total mass of sucrose fatty acid esters in the product and having a particle diameter of 200 nm or less of the dispersed particles containing the poorly water-soluble polyphenol.
- the dispersion composition of the present invention contains a sucrose fatty acid ester and an emulsifier in which the mixing ratio of the polyglycerin fatty acid ester to the sucrose fatty acid ester is extremely reduced, and a water-soluble polymer, thereby causing a poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound Can be dispersed as fine dispersed particles with good stability.
- the dispersion composition of the present invention is in the form of an O / W type emulsion in which a dispersed particle containing a poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound is dispersed in an aqueous phase to form an oil phase. At this time, the slightly water-soluble polyphenol compound only needs to constitute part of the dispersed particles.
- the average particle diameter of the dispersed particles in the present invention means the average particle diameter of the entire oil droplet-like dispersed particles dispersed in the aqueous phase.
- the term “process” is not limited to an independent process, and is included in this term if the intended action of this process is achieved even when it cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes. .
- a numerical range indicated by using “to” indicates a range including the numerical values described before and after “to” as the minimum value and the maximum value, respectively.
- the amount of each component in the composition when there are a plurality of substances corresponding to each component in the composition, the plurality present in the composition unless otherwise specified. Means the total amount of substances. The present invention will be described below.
- the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound in the present invention means a polyphenol compound having a solubility in pure water of 0.1% by mass or less at 25 ° C., for example, a solubility in water of 0.001% by mass under the same conditions.
- the amount of the polyphenol compound is 0.1% by mass or less.
- a polyphenol compound is a plant-derived compound having two or more phenolic hydroxy groups in the same molecule.
- flavonoids catechin, anthocyanin, flavone, isoflavone, flavan, flavanone, rutin
- phenolic acids chlorogenic acid
- Ellagic acid gallic acid
- propyl gallate lignans
- curcumin coumarins, etc.
- Examples of such poorly water-soluble polyphenol compounds include resveratrol, curcumin, rutin, ellagic acid, quercetin, or a combination thereof.
- the solvent exhibits solubility in a water-soluble organic solvent described later.
- showing solubility in a water-soluble organic solvent means solubilization in a water-soluble organic solvent at 25 ° C. of 0.1% by mass or more, preferably 1.0% by mass or more.
- Examples of preferable poorly water-soluble polyphenol compounds from the viewpoint of solubility in water-soluble organic solvents include resveratrol, curcumin, rutin, quercetin, or a combination thereof.
- the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound may be contained in the dispersion composition of the present invention as a compound, and may be used in the form of an extract derived from a natural product as described below.
- an extract derived from a natural product for example, licorice extract, cucumber extract, caquette extract, gentian (gentian) extract, genocarpus extract, cholesterol and its derivatives, hawthorn extract, peonies extract, ginkgo biloba extract, scallop (Ogon) extract, carrot Extract, Maikaika (Maika, Hamanasu) extract, Sunpens (Kawara-Ketsumei) extract, Tormentilla extract, Parsley extract, Button (Buttonpi) extract, Mokka (Bokeh) extract, Melissa extract, Yashajitsu (Yasha) extract Products, saxifrage extract, rosemary (mannenrou) extract, lettuce extract, tea extract (Oolong tea, black tea, green tea, etc.), microbial fermentation metabolites, Rakan fruit extract, etc
- the content of the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound in the dispersion composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of exhibiting functionality as a polyphenol compound, it is 15% by mass to the mass of the total solid content of the dispersion composition.
- the content is preferably 50% by mass, more preferably 20% by mass to 30% by mass.
- the water-soluble polymer in the dispersion composition of the present invention may be any polymer as long as it is at least about 0.001% by mass or more and is soluble in water (25 ° C.).
- the water-soluble polymer can stabilize the dispersibility with respect to a poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound by existing in a dispersion composition with the specific emulsifier containing the sucrose fatty acid ester mentioned later.
- the molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 1000 to 600,000 as a weight average molecular weight, and more preferably 1000 to 100,000 from the viewpoint of dispersion stability.
- water-soluble polymers examples include pectin, copper carrageenan, locust bean gum, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum, xanthan gum, karaya gum, tamarind seed polysaccharide, gum arabic, tragacanth gum, hyaluronic acid, sodium hyaluronate, sodium chondroitin sulfate Polysaccharides such as sodium alginate; proteins such as casein, albumin, methylated collagen, hydrolyzed collagen, water-soluble collagen, gelatin; carboxyvinyl polymer, sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block Synthetic polymers such as copolymers; water-soluble cellulose derivatives such as hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose; It includes a combination of the above species.
- the collagen derivative preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 200,000 or less, more preferably in the range of 1000 to 100,000.
- preferred examples of the polysaccharide include copper carrageenan, dextran, hyaluronic acid and the like.
- copper carrageenan and dextran those having a weight average molecular weight of 600,000 or less are preferable, and a more preferable molecular weight is in the range of 10,000 to 300,000.
- the hyaluronic acid those having a weight average molecular weight of 300,000 or less are preferably used.
- a more preferred molecular weight of hyaluronic acid is in the range of 5000 to 200,000.
- the value measured by gel permeation chromatography is used for the weight average molecular weight of these polymers.
- a collagen derivative is particularly preferable from the viewpoints of finer dispersion particles and dispersion stability.
- the content of the water-soluble polymer in the dispersion composition of the present invention is preferably in the range of 0.001% by mass to 5% by mass, and more preferably in the range of 0.01% by mass to 1% by mass. .
- the content of the water-soluble polymer in the composition is in the range of 0.1 to 10 times the total mass in the composition of the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound. From the viewpoint, it is preferably in the range of 0.5 times or more and 5.0 times or less.
- the emulsifier in the present invention preferably has an HLB of 10 or more, and more preferably 12 or more. If the HLB is too low, the emulsifying power may be insufficient.
- M w of the hydrophilic group M 0 is the molecular weight of the hydrophobic group.
- an emulsifier having an arbitrary HLB value can be obtained by utilizing the additivity of HLB.
- the dispersion composition of the present invention contains a sucrose fatty acid ester as an emulsifier.
- the sucrose fatty acid ester used in the present invention preferably has a fatty acid constituting the sucrose fatty acid ester of 12 to 20, more preferably 14 to 16, and most preferably 14.
- the dispersion stability of the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound can be effectively improved, which is preferable.
- sucrose fatty acid ester in the present invention include sucrose monooleate, sucrose monostearate, sucrose monopalmitate, sucrose monomyristate, sucrose monolaurate and the like. .
- these sucrose fatty acid esters can be used alone or in combination.
- Examples of commercially available products include Ryoto Sugar Esters S-1170, S-1170F, S-1570, S-1670, P-1570, P-1670, M-1695, O-1570 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Foods Corporation.
- the content of the sucrose fatty acid ester in the present invention is preferably 20 to 85% by mass, more preferably 25 to 75% by mass, based on the total solid content of the dispersion composition.
- the content is 20% by mass or more, the dispersion stability can be improved, and a dispersion composition having a fine particle diameter can be effectively obtained.
- the foaming of a dispersion composition can be suppressed appropriately by setting it as 85 mass% or less.
- the content of the sucrose fatty acid ester is preferably 0.1 times or more and 10 times or less, more preferably 0.5 times the total mass in the composition of the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound. More preferably, the amount is not less than double and not more than 5.0.
- the content of the emulsifier in the dispersion composition of the present invention is generally 10% by mass to 90% by mass with respect to the total mass of the oily component of the dispersion composition, and preferably 25% by mass to 50% by mass from the viewpoint of dispersion stability. obtain.
- the total amount with the sucrose fatty acid ester may be within this range. In that case, the content ratio of the other emulsifiers is to ensure the effects of the present invention.
- the total amount of the emulsifier is preferably 50% by mass or less, and more preferably 30% by mass or less.
- the emulsifier that can be used in combination is not particularly limited as long as it is an emulsifier that dissolves in an aqueous medium, but a nonionic emulsifier is preferable because it is hypoallergenic and has little influence on the environment.
- a nonionic emulsifier examples include organic acid monoglyceride, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, polyglycerol condensed ricinoleic acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester and the like.
- the total content of the glycerin fatty acid ester and the polyglycerin fatty acid ester (collectively referred to herein as “glycerin fatty acid ester”) is 0. Or it is 0.1 times or less with respect to the total mass of the sucrose fatty acid ester in a composition.
- the dispersion stability of the dispersion composition containing a poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound can be improved by controlling the content of the glycerin fatty acid ester to 0.1 times or less.
- the mass ratio of glycerin fatty acid ester to sucrose fatty acid ester may be 0.1 times or less, but from the viewpoint of more reliably preventing aggregation of the polyphenol compound, it is preferably 0.05 times or less. More preferably, the amount is 0.001 or less, and most preferably 0, that is, no glycerin fatty acid ester is contained.
- sorbitan fatty acid ester which can be used together in the present invention, those having 8 or more carbon atoms of fatty acids are preferable, and those having 12 or more are more preferable.
- Preferred examples of sorbitan fatty acid esters include sorbitan monocaprylate, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan sesquistearate, sorbitan tristearate, sorbitan isostearate, sorbitan sesquiisostearate, sorbitan oleate, sorbitan sesquioleate And sorbitan trioleate.
- these sorbitan fatty acid esters can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
- sorbitan fatty acid esters examples include Nikko Chemicals, Inc., NIKKOL SL-10, SP-10V, SS-10V, SS-10MV, SS-15V, SS-30V, SI-10RV, SI-10RV.
- the polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester preferably has 8 or more carbon atoms, more preferably 12 or more. Further, the length (number of added moles) of polyoxyethylene ethylene oxide is preferably 2 to 100, and more preferably 4 to 50.
- polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester examples include sorbitan polyoxyethylene monocaprylate, sorbitan polyoxyethylene monolaurate, sorbitan polyoxyethylene monostearate, sorbitan polyoxyethylene sesquistearate, sorbitan polyoxyethylene tristearate Sorbitan polyoxyethylene isostearate, sorbitan polyoxyethylene sesquiisostearate, sorbitan polyoxyethylene oleate, sorbitan polyoxyethylene sesquioleate, sorbitan polyoxyethylene trioleate, and the like.
- These polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters can be used alone or in combination.
- polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester examples include, for example, NIKOL TL-10, NIKKOL TP-10V, NIKKOL TS-10V, NIKKOL TS-10MV, NIKKOL TS-106V, NIKKOLTS-, manufactured by Nikko Chemicals Co., Ltd.
- NIKKOL TI-10V NIKKOL TO-10V
- NIKKOL TO-10MV NIKKOL TO-106V
- NIKKOL TO-30V manufactured by Kao Corp., Leodoll TW-L106, TW-L120, TW-P120TW S106V, TW-S120V, TW-S320V, TW-O106V, TW-O120V, TW-O320V, TW-IS399C, Rheodor Super SP-L10, TW-L120, 1st Work Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. of, Sorgen TW-20, TW-60V, TW-80V, and the like.
- phospholipids such as a lecithin
- the phospholipid can be contained in an amount of 0.01 to 0.3 times the total mass of the oily component contained in the oil phase from the viewpoint of dispersion stability.
- the phospholipid that can be used in the present invention comprises a glycerin skeleton, a fatty acid residue, and a phosphate residue as essential components, to which a base, a polyhydric alcohol, and the like are bonded, and is also referred to as lecithin. Since phospholipids have a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group in the molecule, they have been widely used as emulsifiers in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields.
- lecithin having a purity of 60% or more is used as lecithin and can be used in the present invention. However, from the viewpoint of formation of fine oil droplet size and stability of functional oily components, it is generally high. This is called purity lecithin, which has a lecithin purity of 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more.
- phospholipids include various conventionally known phospholipids extracted and separated from living organisms of plants, animals and microorganisms. Specific examples of such phospholipids include various lecithins derived from plants such as soybean, corn, peanut, rapeseed and wheat, animals such as egg yolk and cows, and microorganisms such as Escherichia coli.
- lecithins by their compound names include phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglycerin, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, bisphosphatidic acid, diphosphatidylglycerin (cardiolipin) and the like; sphingomyelin And the like can be mentioned.
- hydrogenated lecithin, enzymatically decomposed lecithin, enzymatically decomposed hydrogenated lecithin, hydroxylecithin, and the like can be used in addition to the high-purity lecithin described above.
- These lecithins that can be used in the present invention can be used alone or in the form of a mixture of plural kinds.
- the dispersion composition of the present invention When the dispersion composition of the present invention is used for food use, cosmetic use, or pharmaceutical use, it contains a functional material for food, a functional functional material for cosmetics, or a functional functional material for pharmaceutical use as another oil component according to each use. You may go out.
- the “functional component” for each use in the present invention refers to a predetermined physiology in the applied living body when applied to the living body as a part of food, cosmetics or pharmaceuticals when applied to the living body. It means an oily component that can be expected to induce a physical effect.
- the slightly water-soluble polyphenol compound mentioned above may correspond to these functional materials.
- the oily component in the present invention means a component generally recognized as an oily component in the fields of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and foods. These oil components can form part of the dispersed particles in the dispersion composition of the present invention.
- the total content when using such other oily components for example, considering the application to pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, from the viewpoint of dispersion particle size and emulsion stability, Preferably, it is 0.1% by mass to 50% by mass, more preferably 0.2% by mass to 25% by mass, and still more preferably 0.5% by mass to 10% by mass with respect to the total mass of the dispersion.
- the content of the oil component is 0.1% by mass or more, the efficacy of the active ingredient can be sufficiently exerted, so that the dispersion composition can be easily applied to pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
- it is 50% by mass or less an increase in the dispersed particle diameter and a deterioration in emulsion stability are suppressed, and a stable composition can be obtained.
- the dispersion composition of the present invention may further contain a polyhydric alcohol.
- a polyhydric alcohol examples thereof include glycerin, 1,3-butanediol, ethylene glycol, or polysaccharides such as reduced starch syrup, sucrose, erythritol, xylitol, glucose, galactose, sorbitol, maltotriose, trehalose, and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the polyhydric alcohol with respect to the total mass of the dispersion composition is preferably 5 to 60% by mass with respect to the total mass of the dispersion composition, from the viewpoints of dispersion stability and storage stability, and the viscosity of the dispersion and the composition.
- the amount is preferably 5 to 55% by mass, more preferably 5 to 50% by mass. It is preferable that the content of the polyhydric alcohol is 5% by mass or more from the viewpoint that sufficient storage stability is easily obtained depending on the type and content of the oil component.
- the content of the polyhydric alcohol is 60% by mass or less, the maximum effect is obtained, which is preferable in that it is easy to suppress an increase in the viscosity of the dispersion composition.
- a humectant such as glycine betaine, xylitol, trehalose, urea, neutral amino acid, basic amino acid, or medicinal agent such as allantoin Organic powders such as cellulose powder, nylon powder, cross-linked silicone powder, cross-linked methylpolysiloxane, porous cellulose powder, porous nylon powder, inorganic powder such as anhydrous silica, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, menthol, camphor
- fresheners such as plant extracts, plant extracts, pH buffering agents, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, preservatives, fragrances, bactericides, and pigments.
- the dispersion composition of the present invention has a pH of 6 or more and 8 or less, preferably pH 6.5 or more and 7.5 or less. By setting the pH of the dispersion composition within this range, the dispersion composition exhibits good dispersion stability and storage stability.
- various pH adjusting agents may be used. The pH adjuster may be added and blended when preparing the oil phase or the aqueous phase so that the pH of the dispersion composition falls within a predetermined range, and added directly to the obtained dispersion composition. Also good.
- Usable pH adjusters include various inorganic salts usually used in this field, such as acids such as hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid and alkalis such as sodium hydroxide, lactic acid-sodium lactate, citric acid-sodium citrate, and succinic acid.
- -Buffering agents such as sodium succinate can be used.
- the dispersion composition of the present invention may contain a water-soluble organic solvent used in the production process described later. This water-soluble organic solvent is not included in the “oil component” in the present specification.
- the water-soluble organic solvent is preferably used for preparing the oil phase by mixing the oil phase components in the method for producing a dispersion composition described later, and is preferably removed after mixing with the water phase.
- the water-soluble organic solvent used in the present invention refers to an organic solvent having a solubility in water at 25 ° C. of 10% by mass or more.
- the solubility in water is preferably 30% by mass or more, more preferably 50% by mass or more from the viewpoint of the stability of the finished dispersion.
- the water-soluble organic solvent may be used alone or a mixed solvent of a plurality of water-soluble organic solvents. Moreover, you may use as a mixture with water. When a mixture with water is used, the water-soluble organic solvent is preferably contained at least 50% by volume, more preferably 70% by volume or more.
- water-soluble organic solvents examples include methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 2-butanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, methyl ethyl ketone, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, methyl acetate, methyl acetoacetate, N -Methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol, 1,3 butanediol, 1,4 butanediol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and the like and mixtures thereof.
- ethanol, propylene glycol, or acetone is preferable, and ethanol or a mixed solution of ethanol and water is particularly preferable.
- the dispersed particles in the dispersion composition of the present invention have a volume average particle size of 1 nm to 200 nm, preferably 1 nm to 75 nm, more preferably 1 nm to 50 nm, and most preferably 1 nm to 30 nm.
- the particle size of the dispersed particles By setting the particle size of the dispersed particles to 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less, it is possible to ensure the transparency of the dispersion composition, and the dispersion composition of the present invention is used for compositions such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and foods. In this case, the transparency of the composition is ensured and desired effects such as skin absorbability can be exhibited well.
- the particle diameter of the dispersed particles can be measured with a commercially available particle size distribution meter or the like.
- Particle size distribution measurement methods include optical microscopy, confocal laser microscopy, electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, static light scattering, laser diffraction, dynamic light scattering, centrifugal sedimentation, and electrical pulse measurement. Methods, chromatographic methods, ultrasonic attenuation methods and the like are known, and devices corresponding to the respective principles are commercially available.
- Nanotrac UPA Nikkiso Co., Ltd.
- dynamic light scattering type particle size distribution measuring device LB-550 Horiba, Ltd.
- FPAR-1000 Olsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.
- the particle size of the dispersed particles in the present invention is a value measured using a dynamic light scattering type particle size distribution measuring device LB-550 (Horiba, Ltd.), and specifically, a value measured as follows. Is adopted. That is, the particle size is measured by using a quartz cell after diluting with pure water so that the concentration of the oil component contained in the sample taken from the dispersion composition of the present invention is 1% by mass. .
- the particle diameter can be obtained as the median diameter when the sample refractive index is 1.600, the dispersion medium refractive index is 1.333 (pure water), and the viscosity of the pure water is set as the viscosity of the dispersion medium.
- the particle diameter of the dispersed particles contained as the oil phase is other than the factor due to the components contained in the dispersion composition.
- the desired refined oil phase of 200 nm or less depending on factors such as the stirring conditions (shearing force / temperature / pressure), the use conditions of the micromixer, the oil phase / water phase ratio, etc. Particles can be obtained.
- the dispersion composition of the present invention comprises preparing an oil phase by dissolving an oil phase component containing the poorly water-soluble polyphenol in a good solvent for the poorly water-soluble polyphenol (oil phase preparation step), and the obtained oil phase And the poor solvent phase of the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound to obtain the dispersion composition containing the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound and containing dispersed particles having a volume average particle diameter of 200 nm or less (mixing step). Obtained by the manufacturing method.
- the good solvent for the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound used in preparing the oil phase may be any solvent that can dissolve the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound at 25 ° C. at least 0.1% by mass or more at room temperature.
- Examples of good solvents for such poorly water-soluble polyphenol compounds include water-soluble organic solvents or alkaline aqueous solutions.
- the alkaline aqueous solution as a good solvent for the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound can be appropriately selected depending on the kind or blending amount of the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound, but for example, it is adjusted to an aqueous solution having a pH of 10 to 12 with a strong base such as NaOH. be able to. If the aqueous solution has a pH of 10 or more, a sufficient solubility difference will occur with an acidic solution as a poor solvent described later, and the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound can be well dispersed. The physical properties and functions of other components in the material are not significantly impaired.
- the poor solvent in the present invention refers to a solvent in which the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound is poorly soluble, that is, the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound is difficult to dissolve or does not dissolve.
- aqueous phase is used as a term for “oil phase” regardless of the type of poor solvent.
- the aqueous phase in the dispersion composition of the present invention may contain a poor solvent for the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound, for example, other components that dissolve in water as an aqueous phase component, and such a water-soluble aqueous phase.
- the component may contain a functional component capable of exhibiting a specific function.
- a poor solvent for example, water can be preferably mentioned when an aqueous medium, for example, a good solvent is a water-soluble organic solvent, and an acidic aqueous solution is preferably mentioned when a good solvent is an alkaline aqueous solution.
- the acidic aqueous solution used as the poor solvent can be appropriately selected depending on the kind or blending amount of the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound and the pH of the alkaline aqueous solution as the good solvent to be used, and a strong acid or a weak acid is used. You can also. For example, if an aqueous solution having a pH of 3 to 7 such as sodium dihydrogen phosphate is used, the pH after mixing is preferably around 6 to 8.
- aqueous solution has a pH of 7 or less, a sufficient difference in solubility occurs between the alkaline solution as a good solvent and the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound can be well dispersed. The physical properties and functions of other ingredients are not significantly impaired.
- a more preferred aqueous alkaline solution can have a pH of 4-5.
- the mixing of the water phase component and the oil phase component may use a known method such as a high pressure emulsification method that applies a shearing force of 100 MPa or more, or a jet injection method that directly injects the oil phase component into the water phase component.
- the viscosity of the aqueous phase is preferably 30 mPa ⁇ s or less from the viewpoint of making the dispersed particles fine.
- the temperature during mixing of the oil phase component and the water phase component is preferably 40 ° C. or less.
- the temperature of 40 degrees C or less at the time of this mixing should just be achieved when mixing an oil phase component and a water phase component, the area
- the temperature in the region from at least immediately before mixing to immediately after dispersion may be 40 ° C. or less. It can be determined as a temperature and reference when the temperature is measured.
- the temperature at the time of mixing is 35 degrees C or less from a viewpoint of temporal stability of a dispersion composition.
- an aqueous phase is prepared using a poor solvent (water or the like) of a poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound, and b) an oil phase component containing at least the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound C)
- the oil phase and the aqueous phase are mixed and dispersed by a method described in detail later using a micromixer, and the volume average particle size is 1 nm or more and 100 nm.
- the step of obtaining a dispersion composition (emulsion) containing the following dispersed particles is mentioned.
- the ratio (mass) of the oil phase and the aqueous phase in the emulsification dispersion is not particularly limited, but the oil phase / water phase ratio (mass%) is preferably 0.1 / 99.9 to 50/50. 0.5 / 99.5 to 30/70 is more preferable, and 1/99 to 20/80 is still more preferable.
- the oil phase / water phase ratio in the above-mentioned range, it is preferable since the active ingredient is sufficiently contained and practically sufficient emulsion stability can be obtained.
- a powdery composition is added by adding a step of drying the emulsion dispersion composition obtained as described above by spray drying or the like. Can be obtained.
- the components contained in the oil phase and aqueous phase in the method for producing a dispersion composition are the same as the constituent components of the dispersion composition of the present invention described above, and preferred examples and preferred amounts are also the same, and preferred combinations are more preferred. .
- the oil phase and the water phase are each independently provided with a cross-sectional area of the narrowest portion. It is preferable to adopt a manufacturing method in which each phase is combined and mixed after passing through a microchannel having a size of 1 ⁇ m 2 to 1 mm 2 .
- the mixing of the oil phase and the aqueous phase is preferably mixing by facing collision from the viewpoint of obtaining finer dispersed particles.
- the most suitable device for mixing by facing collision is a facing collision type micromixer.
- a micromixer mainly mixes two different liquids in a micro space, one liquid is an organic solvent phase containing a functional oil component, and the other is an aqueous phase that is an aqueous solution.
- a micromixer is applied to emulsion preparation with a small particle size, which is one of the microchemical processes, the heat generation is relatively low and the heat generation is small, and the particle size is uniform compared to the usual stirring emulsification dispersion method and high-pressure homogenizer emulsification dispersion. In addition, it is easy to obtain a good dispersion having excellent storage stability.
- the outline of the method of dispersing using a micromixer is to divide the water phase and the oil phase into minute spaces, and to make the minute spaces contact or collide with each other. This is clearly different from the membrane emulsification method or microchannel emulsification method, in which only one side is divided into minute spaces and the other is bulky. In fact, only one side is divided into minute spaces. However, the effect as in the present invention cannot be obtained.
- Known micromixers have various structures. Focusing on the flow and mixing in the microchannel, there can be mentioned two types: a method of mixing while maintaining a laminar flow, and a method of mixing with a turbulent flow.
- the size of the channel depth is made larger than the channel width, the boundary area between the two liquids is made as large as possible, and the thickness of both layers is made thin, thereby reducing the mixing efficiency.
- a method has been devised in which the inlet of the two liquids is divided into a large number and is made into a multilayer flow that flows alternately.
- the method of mixing by turbulent flow a method of flowing each liquid in a narrow flow path at a relatively high speed is common.
- a method of ejecting one liquid into the other liquid introduced into a micro space using an arrayed micro nozzle Moreover, the mixing effect is particularly good in the method of forcibly contacting the liquids flowing at high speed using various means.
- the former method using laminar flow generally produces large particles but relatively uniform distribution, but the latter method using turbulent flow may give a very fine emulsion and is stable.
- the method using turbulent flow is preferable from the viewpoint of stability and transparency.
- a comb type and a collision type are typical.
- the comb-shaped micromixer has a structure in which two comb-shaped flow paths are arranged so as to face each other so as to face each other, as represented by IMM.
- ⁇ Collision type micromixers represented by KM mixer have a structure that uses kinetic energy to make forced contact. Specifically, the center collision disclosed by Nagasawa et al. (“H. Nagasawa et al, Chem. Eng. Technol, 28, No. 3, 324-330 (2005)”, JP 2005-288254 A).
- Type micromixer In the method in which the aqueous phase and the organic solvent phase collide with each other, the mixing time is extremely short, and oil phase droplets are instantly formed. Therefore, it is easy to form a very fine emulsion or dispersion.
- the temperature at the time of emulsification is the temperature of the other microspace of the micromixer (micrometer) from the viewpoint of particle size uniformity of the obtained emulsion.
- Micromixing is preferably performed at a temperature of the micromixing portion of the mixer of 80 ° C. or less, more preferably 0 ° C. to 80 ° C., and particularly preferably 5 ° C. to 75 ° C.
- the main component of the dispersion medium is water, which is preferable because the emulsification temperature can be controlled.
- the heat retention temperature of the micro space of the micromixer is 100 ° C. or less.
- the temperature control can be easily controlled, and a micro bumping phenomenon that adversely affects the emulsification performance can be eliminated.
- the heat retention temperature is controlled at a temperature of 80 ° C. or lower.
- the oil phase, the poor solvent phase divided into the microspace of the micromixer, and the heat retention temperature of the microspace of the micromixer are different depending on the components contained in the poor solvent phase and the oil phase, but are independently 0 ° C. -50 ° C is preferred, and 5-25 ° C is particularly preferred. Insulation temperature of the micro space of the micromixer, heat insulation temperature of the oil phase and the poor solvent phase divided into the micro space of the micro mixer, and the oil phase and the poor solvent phase before being divided into the micro space of the micro mixer
- the heat retention temperatures (that is, the heat retention temperatures of the oil phase and the poor solvent phase supply tank) may be different from each other, but the same temperature is preferable in terms of mixing stability.
- the water phase before and after being divided into microspaces of the micromixer, the oil phase, and the micromixer and the microspace of the micromixer are heated above the room temperature, and after micromixing and emulsification It is particularly preferable that the oil-in-water emulsion obtained by the micromixer is cooled to room temperature after being collected.
- the cross-sectional area of the narrowest part of the microspace (flow path) of the micromixer in the present invention is 1 ⁇ m 2 to 1 mm 2 , and from the viewpoint of refining the emulsion particle size and sharpening the particle size distribution, 500 ⁇ m 2 to 50 1,000 ⁇ m 2 is preferred.
- the flow rate of the oil phase and aqueous phase during emulsification and dispersion varies depending on the micromixer used, but from the viewpoint of refining the emulsion particle size and sharpening the particle size distribution Therefore, the flow rate of the aqueous phase is preferably 10 ml / min to 500 ml / min, more preferably 20 ml / min to 350 ml / min, and particularly preferably 50 ml / min to 200 ml / min.
- the flow rate of the oil phase is preferably 1 ml / min to 100 ml / min, more preferably 3 ml / min to 50 ml / min, more preferably 5 ml / min from the viewpoint of refining the emulsion particle size and sharpening the particle size distribution. ⁇ 50 ml / min is particularly preferred.
- the value obtained by dividing the flow rate of both phases by the cross-sectional area of the microchannel, that is, the flow rate ratio (Vo / Vw) of both phases, is in the range of 0.05 to 5 in terms of particle refinement and micromixer design. Is preferred.
- Vo is the flow rate of the organic solvent phase containing the water-insoluble natural component
- Vw is the flow rate of the water phase.
- the flow rate ratio (Vo / Vw) is 0.1 or more and 3 or less is the most preferable range from the viewpoint of further particle refinement.
- the water phase and the oil phase are preferably 0.030 MPa to 5 MPa and 0.010 MPa to 1 MPa, more preferably 0.1 MPa to 2 MPa and 0.02 MPa to 0.5 MPa. Are more preferable, and 0.2 MPa to 1 MPa and 0.04 MPa to 0.2 MPa are particularly preferable.
- 0.030 MPa to 5 MPa a stable liquid feeding flow rate tends to be maintained.
- the oil phase feeding pressure to 0.010 MPa to 1 MPa, uniform mixing properties are obtained. Is preferable.
- a combination of preferable examples of the flow rate, the liquid supply pressure, and the heat retention temperature is more preferable.
- the microdevice 100 includes a supply element 102, a merging element 104, and a discharge element 106 each having a cylindrical shape.
- annular channels 108 and 110 having a rectangular cross section as a flow path of the oil phase or the water phase in the present invention are formed concentrically.
- the feed element 102 is formed with bores 112 and 114 that penetrate in the thickness (or height) direction to reach the respective annular channels.
- the joining element 104 is formed with a bore 116 penetrating in the thickness direction. This bore 116 is such that when the elements are fastened to form the microdevice 100, the end 120 of the bore 116 located in the face of the confluence element 104 facing the supply element 102 opens into the annular channel 108. Yes.
- four bores 116 are formed and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the annular channel 108.
- a bore 118 is formed through the confluence element 104 in the same manner as the bore 116. As with the bore 116, the bore 118 is also formed to open to the annular channel 110. The bores 118 are also arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the annular channel 110, and the bores 116 and the bores 118 are arranged alternately. Microchannels 124 and 126 are formed on the surface 122 of the merging element 104 facing the discharge element 106. One end of the microchannel 124 or 126 is the opening of the bore 116 or 118, and the other end is the center 128 of the surface 122, and all microchannels extend from the bore toward the center 128; It meets at the center.
- the cross section of the microchannel may be rectangular, for example.
- the discharge element 106 is formed with a bore 130 that passes through the center thereof and penetrates in the thickness direction. Therefore, this bore opens at the center 128 of the confluence element 104 at one end and opens outside the microdevice at the other end.
- fluids A and B supplied from the outside of the microdevice 100 at the ends of the bores 112 and 114 flow into the annular channels 108 and 110 via the bores 112 and 114, respectively.
- the annular channel 108 and the bore 116 communicate with each other, and the fluid A flowing into the annular channel 108 enters the microchannel 124 through the bore 116.
- the annular channel 110 and the bore 118 communicate with each other, and the fluid B flowing into the annular channel 110 enters the microchannel 126 via the bore 118.
- the fluids A and B flow into the microchannels 124 and 126, respectively, and then flow toward the center 128 to join.
- the merged fluid is discharged as a stream C to the outside of the micro device via the bore 130.
- Such a micro device 100 can have the following specifications.
- Cross-sectional shape, width, depth, diameter of the annular channel 110 rectangular, 1.5 / 1.5 / 20 mm
- Diameter and length of bore 112 1.5 / 10 mm (circular cross section)
- Diameter and length of bore 114 1.5 / 10 mm (circular cross section)
- Diameter and length of bore 118 0.5 / 4 mm (circular cross section)
- Microchannel 124 cross-sectional shape, width, depth, length rectangle, cross-sectional area, 350 ⁇ m / 100 ⁇ m / 12.5 mm / 35000 ⁇ m 2
- Microchannel 126 cross-sectional shape, width, depth, length rectangle, cross-sectional area, 50 ⁇ m / 100 ⁇ m / 10 mm /
- microchannels (124 and 126 in FIG. 1) where the water phase and the oil phase collide define a preferable range in relation to the flow rates of the water phase and the oil phase.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a T-shaped microreactor showing an example of a mixing mechanism using the T-shaped microreactor.
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of a T-shaped microreactor showing an example of a mixing mechanism using the T-shaped microreactor.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the T-shaped channel 200 of the T-shaped microreactor.
- the fluid that flows in from the inlet 202 a in the direction of arrow D and the fluid that flows in from the inlet 202 b in the direction of arrow E collide with each other in the center of the T-shaped channel 200. And mixed into fine fluid particles. Fine fluid particles flow out from the outlet 204 in the direction of arrow F.
- This T-shaped microreactor is useful for mixing when the volume of the flow path is small.
- FIG. 3 shows a fluid mixing mechanism (concept) 300 of another T-shaped microreactor.
- fluids flowing out from the two flow paths 302a and 302b collide and mix with each other to form fine fluid particles. That is, on the other hand, the fluid flows into the flow path 302a in the direction of arrow G and flows out in the direction of arrow H. On the other hand, it flows into the flow path 302b in the direction of arrow I and flows out in the direction of arrow J. The fluids flowing out from the flow paths 302a and 302b collide, mix, and scatter in a direction approximately perpendicular to the directions of arrows GJ.
- the fluid mixing mechanism shown in FIG. 3 collides and mixes the fluid diffused by a technique such as atomization. By this collision / mixing, the fluid becomes finer and a large contact surface can be obtained.
- the water-soluble organic solvent used is preferably removed after emulsification or dispersion through the microchannel.
- Known methods for removing the solvent include evaporation methods using a rotary evaporator, flash evaporator, ultrasonic atomizer, etc., and membrane separation methods such as ultrafiltration membranes and reverse osmosis membranes. Is preferred.
- Ultrafiltration Ultrafiltration (Ultra Filter: UF for short) is the pressure of a stock solution (mixed aqueous solution of water, high molecular weight material, low molecular weight material, colloidal material, etc.), and water is poured into a UF device to make the stock solution permeate ( It is a device that can be separated into two systems of solution (low molecular weight material) and concentrated liquid (high molecular weight material, colloidal material) and taken out.
- a stock solution mixed aqueous solution of water, high molecular weight material, low molecular weight material, colloidal material, etc.
- the ultrafiltration membrane is a typical asymmetric membrane produced by the Rob-Three Rayan method.
- the polymer material used include polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride-polyacrylonitrile copolymer, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, vinylidene fluoride, aromatic polyamide, and cellulose acetate.
- ceramic films have been used.
- the ultrafiltration method does not perform pretreatment, and therefore fouling in which a polymer or the like is deposited on the membrane surface occurs. For this reason, it is common to periodically wash the membrane with chemicals or warm water. For this reason, the membrane material is required to have resistance to chemicals and heat resistance.
- membrane modules for ultrafiltration membranes There are various types of membrane modules for ultrafiltration membranes: flat membrane type, tubular type, hollow fiber type, and spiral type.
- the performance index of the ultrafiltration membrane is a fractional molecular weight, and various membranes ranging from 1,000 to 300,000 are commercially available.
- Examples of commercially available membrane modules include, but are not limited to, Microzer UF (Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation), capillary element NTU-3306 (Nitto Denko Corporation), and the like.
- the material of the membrane is particularly preferably polysulfone, polyethersulfone, or aromatic polyamide from the viewpoint of solvent resistance.
- a flat membrane is mainly used on a laboratory scale, but a hollow fiber type and a spiral type are industrially used, but a hollow fiber type is particularly preferable.
- the fractional molecular weight varies depending on the type of active ingredient, but usually a molecular weight in the range of 5,000 to 100,000 is used.
- the operating temperature can be 0 ° C. to 80 ° C., but the range of 10 ° C. to 40 ° C. is particularly preferable in consideration of deterioration of the active ingredient.
- Lab scale ultrafiltration devices include ADVANTEC-UHP (Advantech), flow type lab test unit RUM-2 (Nitto Denko) using flat membrane modules.
- ADVANTEC-UHP Advancedtech
- RUM-2 flow type lab test unit
- a plant can be configured by arbitrarily combining the size and number of each membrane module according to the required capacity.
- RUW-5A (Nitto Denko Corporation) and the like are commercially available.
- a step of concentrating the obtained emulsion may be added following the solvent removal.
- concentration method the same method and apparatus as the solvent removal such as an evaporation method and a filtration membrane method can be used.
- the ultrafiltration membrane method is a preferred method.
- ultrafiltration membranes having different fractional molecular weights can be used if necessary. It is also possible to increase the concentration efficiency by operating at a temperature different from the solvent removal.
- the dispersion composition (emulsion) obtained by mixing with the micromixer is an oil-in-water emulsion.
- the volume average particle diameter (median diameter) of the dispersed particles is 1 nm to 200 nm. From the viewpoint of transparency of the obtained dispersion composition, it is more preferably 1 nm to 100 nm.
- the particle size of the dispersed particles obtained by the production method described above can be measured with a commercially available particle size distribution meter or the like, and details thereof are as described above.
- the dispersion composition of the present invention is a dispersion composition excellent in dispersion stability containing a poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound
- the dispersion composition of the present invention is preferably included in a cosmetic composition, a food composition, and a pharmaceutical composition, respectively. be able to.
- the composition of each use which was excellent in dispersion stability while containing a poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound can be provided.
- the cosmetic composition, food composition, and pharmaceutical composition of the present invention contain a poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound as a material of each composition, together with an oil-soluble or water-soluble functional material characteristic for each application. To do.
- a person skilled in the art can appropriately select an oil-soluble or water-soluble functional material characteristic for each application from known materials, and also the cosmetic composition, food composition or pharmaceutical composition in the present invention. Can be manufactured according to the description of the present specification so as to obtain the effects of the present invention.
- Example 1 Each component described in Table 1 below was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to prepare an oil phase solution and an aqueous phase solution, respectively.
- the obtained oil phase liquid (oil phase) and aqueous phase liquid (aqueous phase) are each heated to 25 ° C. and micromixed (dispersed) using a collision type KM micromixer 100/100 ( A volume ratio of oil phase: water phase was 1: 7), and a dispersion liquid (pH 7.5) at 25 ° C. was obtained.
- the conditions for using the micromixer are as follows.
- the dispersion 1 obtained by repeatedly adjusting the solvent is desolvated until the ethanol concentration becomes 0.1% by mass or less. It concentrated 4 times so that the density
- concentration of a slightly water-soluble polyphenol compound might be 0.5 mass%, and the dispersion composition of pH 7.5 was obtained.
- concentration of the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound in a dispersion composition means the density
- Examples 2 to 7, Comparative Examples 1 to 7 A dispersion composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the oil phase component and the aqueous phase component were changed as shown in Table 1 or Table 2. All the dispersion compositions had a pH of 6.5 or more and a pH of 7.5 or less.
- resveratrol was manufactured by La Gardonnenque
- curcumin was manufactured by Lion McCormick
- rutin was a product sold by Wako Pure Chemical Industries. All of these poorly water-soluble polyphenol compounds have a solubility in water of 0.1% by mass or less.
- the molecular weight of PSK gelatin (Nippi) is 100,000, the molecular weight of SCP-5000 (peptide collagen made by Nitta Gelatin) is 5,000, and the molecular weight of hyaluronic acid (made by Kibun) is about 80,000.
- the molecular weight of gum arabic was approximately 300,000.
- Particle Size of Dispersed Particles The particle size of the dispersed particles in each of the dispersion compositions of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 immediately after preparation was measured using a dynamic light scattering type particle size distribution measuring device LB-550 (Horiba Co., Ltd.). Measured using a manufacturing plant). The particle size was measured using a quartz cell after dilution with pure water so that the concentration of dispersed particles was 1% by mass. The particle diameter was determined as the median diameter when the sample refractive index was 1.600, the dispersion medium refractive index was 1.333 (pure water), and the viscosity of pure water was set as the viscosity of the dispersion medium. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- A means that both transparent immediately after storage and after storage under the above conditions maintain a particle size of 100 nm or less, while B indicates both immediately after dispersion and after storage under the above conditions. It means that the particle size is kept transparent and 200 nm or less. If it is A or B, there is no practical problem. C means not practical. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- the dispersion composition according to the example of the present invention containing the poorly water-soluble polyphenol compound has a small particle size of the dispersed particles and is excellent in dispersion stability and stability over time. It was a thing.
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Abstract
Description
また特開2001-316259号公報には、多価アルコール脂肪酸エステルを含有する油脂中で微細化し、この油脂を、多価アルコール脂肪酸エステルの存在下で水中油滴型に乳化することにより得られたポリフェノール製剤が開示されている。このポリフェノール製剤は、ポリフェノール類微細粒子の表面に均質な油脂被膜剤層が形成されたマイクロカプセル構造を有すると共に、優れた水系分散性を発揮すると記載されている。
例えば、特開2008-280257号公報は乳化安定性に優れたエマルション組成物として、脂溶性物質と、リン脂質と、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルを含む乳化剤とを含み、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルがショ糖脂肪酸エステルに対して質量比で0.1以下であるエマルション組成物を開示している。このエマルション組成物は、エマルション組成物としてポリフェノール化合物と接触させても凝集等を発生しないと記載されている。
しかしながら、ポリフェノール類の中でも難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物は、非常に乳化・分散しにくく、分散後の安定性にも欠けることが知られている。このため、可溶性のポリフェノール化合物と同様の処方では、難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物を安定して分散させることが極めて困難であった。
本発明の第一の態様は、難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物と、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルを含む乳化剤と、水溶性高分子とを含むと共に、組成物中のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの含有量が0、又は組成物中のショ糖脂肪酸エステルの合計質量に対して0.1倍量以下であって、かつ、前記難水溶性ポリフェノールを含む分散粒子の粒子径が200nm以下である分散組成物を提供する。
前記難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物が、レスベラトロール、クルクミン、ルチン、エラグ酸及びケルセチンからなる群より選択された少なくとも1つであってもよい。
前記水溶性高分子が、タンパク質及び多糖類からなる群より選択された少なくとも1つであってもよい。
本発明の第二の態様は、前記分散組成物を含む化粧品組成物、食品組成物又は医薬品組成物を提供する。
前記難水溶性ポリフェノールの良溶媒が、水可溶性有機溶媒又はアルカリ水溶液であってもよい。
また、前記油相と前記貧溶媒相との混合が、1μm2~1mm2であるマイクロ流路にそれぞれ独立して通過させた後に組み合わせて混合するものであってもよい。
本発明の分散組成物では、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルを含むと共にショ糖脂肪酸エステルに対するポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの配合比を極端に少なくした乳化剤と、水溶性高分子とを含むことにより、難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物を微細な分散粒子として安定性よく分散させることができる。
また、本明細書において「~」を用いて示された数値範囲は、「~」の前後に記載される数値をそれぞれ最小値及び最大値として含む範囲を示す。
また、本発明において、組成物中の各成分の量について言及する場合、組成物中に各成分に該当する物質が複数存在する場合には、特に断らない限り、組成物中に存在する当該複数の物質の合計量を意味する。
以下、本発明について説明する。
本発明における難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物とは、25℃において純水に対する溶解性が、0.1質量%以下のポリフェノール化合物を意味し、例えば、同じ条件での水に対する溶解性が0.001質量%以上0.1質量%以下のポリフェノール化合物が含まれる。
ポリフェノール化合物とは、同一分子内にフェノール性ヒドロキシ基2つ以上をもつ植物由来の化合物であり、例えば、フラボノイド類(カテキン、アントシアニン、フラボン、イソフラボン、フラバン、フラバノン、ルチン)、フェノール酸類(クロロゲン酸、エラグ酸、没食子酸、没食子酸プロピル)、リグナン類、クルクミン類、クマリン類などが挙げられるが、本発明の難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物には、これらのうち、上記の水に対する溶解性を示すものが該当する。
例えば、カンゾウ抽出物、キュウリ抽出物、ケイケットウ抽出物、ゲンチアナ(リンドウ)抽出物、ゲンノショウコ抽出物、コレステロール及びその誘導体、サンザシ抽出物、シャクヤク抽出物、イチョウ抽出物、コガネバナ(オウゴン)抽出物、ニンジン抽出物、マイカイカ(マイカイ、ハマナス)抽出物、サンペンズ(カワラケツメイ)抽出物、トルメンチラ抽出物、パセリ抽出物、ボタン(ボタンピ)抽出物、モッカ(ボケ)抽出物、メリッサ抽出物、ヤシャジツ(ヤシャ)抽出物、ユキノシタ抽出物、ローズマリー(マンネンロウ)抽出物、レタス抽出物、茶抽出物(烏龍茶、紅茶、緑茶等)、微生物醗酵代謝産物、羅漢果抽出物等が挙げられる(かっこ内は、植物の別名、生薬名等を記載した。)。
本発明の分散組成物における水溶性高分子は、少なくとも0.001質量%程度以上、水(25℃)に溶解する高分子であれば何を用いてもよい。本発明において水溶性高分子は、後述するショ糖脂肪酸エステルを含む特定の乳化剤と共に分散組成物に存在することによって、難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物に対する分散性を安定化させることができる。水溶性高分子の分子量としては、重量平均分子量として1000~600,000であることが好ましく、分散安定性の観点から1000~100,000であることが更に好ましい。
上記多糖類としては、具体的には、カッパーカラギーナン、デキストラン、ヒアルロン酸類などが好ましく挙げられる。
カッパーカラギーナン、デキストランとしては、重量平均分子量60万以下のものが好ましく、より好ましい分子量としては、1万~30万の範囲である。
ヒアルロン酸類としては、重量平均分子量が30万以下のものが好ましく用いられる。ヒアルロン酸類のより好ましい分子量は5000~20万の範囲である。なお、これらの高分子の重量平均分子量は、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーにより測定した値を用いている。
本発明の水溶性高分子としては、分散粒子の微細化及び分散安定性の観点から、なかでもコラーゲン誘導体が特に好ましい。
また、水溶性高分子の組成物中の含有量は、難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物の組成物中の全質量に対して0.1倍量以上10倍量以下の範囲であることが分散安定性の観点から好ましく、0.5倍量以上5.0倍量以下の範囲であることが更に好ましい。
本発明における乳化剤は、乳化力の観点から、HLBが10以上であることが好ましく、12以上が更に好ましい。HLBが低すぎると、乳化力が不十分となることがある。
ここで、HLBは、通常界面活性剤の分野で使用される親水性-疎水性のバランスで、通常用いる計算式、例えば川上式等が使用できる。川上式を次に示す。
HLB=7+11.7log(Mw/M0)
ここで、Mwは親水基の分子量、M0は疎水基の分子量である。
また、カタログ等に記載されているHLBの数値を使用してもよい。
また、上記の式からも分かるように、HLBの加成性を利用して、任意のHLB値の乳化剤を得ることができる。
本発明に用いられるショ糖脂肪酸エステルは、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルを構成する脂肪酸の炭素数が12~20のものが好ましく、14~16がより好ましく、14が最も好ましい。脂肪酸の炭素数が12以上とすることによって、後述するようにグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを含まないエマルション組成物においても充分な乳化安定性を確保しやすく、一方、脂肪酸の炭素数を18以下とすることにより、難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物の分散安定性を効果的に向上できることから、それぞれ好ましい。
市販品としては、例えば、三菱化学フーズ(株)社製リョートーシュガーエステル S-1170、S-1170F、S-1570、S-1670、P-1570、P-1670、M-1695、O-1570、OWA-1570、L-1695、LWA-1570、第一工業製薬(株)社製の、DKエステルSS、F160、F140、F110、F90、コスメライクS-110、S-160、S-190、P-160、M-160、L-160、L-150A、L-160A、O-150等が挙げられる。
ショ糖脂肪酸エステルに対するグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの質量比は、0.1倍量以下であればよいが、ポリフェノール化合物の凝集をより確実に防止できる観点から、好ましくは0.05倍量以下であり、0.001倍量以下であることがより好ましく、0、即ちグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを含有しないことが最も好ましい。
本発明においては、これらのソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを、単独又は2種以上を混合して用いることができる。
ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルの好ましい例としては、ポリオキシエチレンモノカプリル酸ソルビタン、ポリオキシエチレンモノラウリン酸ソルビタン、ポリオキシエチレンモノステアリン酸ソルビタン、ポリオキシエチレンセスキステアリン酸ソルビタン、ポリオキシエチレントリステアリン酸ソルビタン、ポリオキシエチレンイソステアリン酸ソルビタン、ポリオキシエチレンセスキイソステアリン酸ソルビタン、ポリオキシエチレンオレイン酸ソルビタン、ポリオキシエチレンセスキオレイン酸ソルビタン、ポリオキシエチレントリオレイン酸ソルビタン等が挙げられる。
これらのポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを、単独又は混合して用いることができる。
本発明に用いうるリン脂質は、グリセリン骨格と脂肪酸残基及びリン酸残基を必須構成成分とし、これに、塩基や多価アルコール等が結合したもので、レシチンとも称されるものである。リン脂質は、分子内に親水基と疎水基を有しているため、従来から、食品、医薬品、化粧品分野で、広く乳化剤として使用されている。
このようなリン脂質の具体例としては、例えば、大豆、トウモロコシ、落花生、ナタネ、麦等の植物や、卵黄、牛等の動物及び大腸菌等の微生物等から由来する各種レシチンを挙げることができる。
このようなレシチンを化合物名で例示すると、ホスファチジン酸、ホスファチジルグリセリン、ホスファチジルイノシトール、ホスファチジルエタノールアミン、ホスファチジルメチルエタノールアミン、ホスファチジルコリン、ホスファチジルセリン、ビスホスアチジン酸、ジホスファチジルグリセリン(カルジオリピン)等のグリセロレシチン;スフィンゴミエリン等のスフィンゴレシチン等を挙げることができる。
また、本発明においては、上記の高純度レシチン以外にも、水素添加レシチン、酵素分解レシチン、酵素分解水素添加レシチン、ヒドロキシレシチン等を使用することができる。本発明で用いることができるこれらのレシチンは、単独又は複数種の混合物の形態で用いることができる。
本発明の分散組成物を、食品用途、化粧品用途、医薬品用途に用いる場合は、各用途に応じた食品用機能性材料、化粧品用機能性材料や医薬品用機能性材料を他の油性成分として含んでいてもよい。
ここで、本発明における各用途用の「機能性成分」とは、生体へ適用した場合に、食品、化粧品又は医薬品の一部として生体へ適用された場合に、適用された生体において所定の生理学的効果の誘導が期待され得る油性成分を意味する。なお、前述した難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物は、これらの機能性材料に該当してもよい。
本発明における油性成分は、化粧品、医薬品、食品の分野において一般に油性成分として認識されている成分を意味する。これらの油性成分は、本発明の分散組成物において、分散粒子の一部を形成しうる。
油性成分の含有量を前記0.1質量%以上とすると、有効成分の効能を充分に発揮できることから、分散組成物を、医薬品、化粧品へ応用し易くなる。一方、50質量%以下であると、分散粒子径の増大や乳化安定性の悪化を抑制し、安定な組成物が得られる。
本発明の分散組成物は、更に多価アルコールを含有してもよい。例えば、グリセリン、1,3-ブタンジオール、エチレングリコール、又は、多糖類、例えば、還元水あめ、ショ糖、エリスリトール、キシリトール、グルコース、ガラクトース、ソルビトール、マルトトリオース、トレハロースなどを挙げることができる。これらは1種又は2種以上を組み合わせ使用することができる。
多価アルコールの含有量が5質量%以上であると、油性成分の種類や含有量等によっても、充分な保存安定性が得られ易い点で好ましい。一方、多価アルコールの含有量が60質量%以下であると、最大限の効果が得られ、分散組成物の粘度が高くなるのを抑え易い点で好ましい。
本発明の分散組成物には、本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいて、本発明の分散組成物の用途に応じて、例えば、種々の薬効成分、防腐剤、着色剤など、通常、その用途で使用される他の添加物を併用することができる。
例えば皮膚外用剤などの外用組成物に使用される場合には、その他の成分として、例えば、グリシンベタイン・キシリトール・トレハロース・尿素・中性アミノ酸・塩基性アミノ酸等の保湿剤、アラントイン等の薬効剤、セルロースパウダー・ナイロンパウダー・架橋型シリコーン末・架橋型メチルポリシロキサン・多孔質セルロースパウダー・多孔質ナイロンパウダー等の有機粉体、無水シリカ・酸化亜鉛・酸化チタン等の無機粉体、メントール・カンファー等の清涼剤などの他、植物エキス、pH緩衝剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、防腐剤、香料、殺菌剤、色素等が挙げられる。
pH調整剤は、分散組成物のpHを所定の範囲内となるように油相又は水相を調製する際に添加・配合してもよく、得られた分散組成物に対して直接添加してもよい。使用可能なpH調整剤としては、塩酸、リン酸などの酸や水酸化ナトリウムなどのアルカリ等、この分野で通常用いられる各種無機塩類や、乳酸-乳酸ナトリウム、クエン酸-クエン酸ナトリウム、コハク酸-コハク酸ナトリウム等の緩衝剤等を用いることができる。
本発明の分散組成物は、後述する製造工程で使用された水溶性有機溶媒を含んでいてもよい。この水溶性有機溶媒は、本明細書における「油性成分」には包含されない。
本発明において水溶性有機溶媒は、後述する分散組成物の製造方法で、油相成分を混合して油相を調製するために好ましく用いられ、水相との混合後には除去されることが好ましい。
本発明に用いられる水溶性有機溶媒とは、水に対する25℃での溶解度が10質量%以上の有機溶媒を指す。水に対する溶解度はできあがった分散物の安定性の観点から30質量%以上が好ましく、50質量%以上が更に好ましい。
水溶性有機溶媒は、単独で用いてもよく、複数の水溶性有機溶媒の混合溶媒でもよい。また、水との混合物として用いてもよい。水との混合物を用いる場合には、上記水溶性有機溶媒は、少なくとも50容量%以上含まれていることが好ましく、70容量%以上であることがより好ましい。
本発明の分散組成物における分散粒子は、その体積平均粒径が1nm以上200nm以下であり、1nm以上75nm以下が好ましく、1nm以上50nm以下がより好ましく、1nm以上30nm以下が最も好ましい。
分散粒子の粒径を、1nm以上200nm以下とすることにより、分散組成物の透明を確保することができ、本発明の分散組成物を、例えば、化粧品、医薬品、食品等の組成物に用いた場合、該組成物の透明性が確保されると共に、皮膚吸収性などの所望とされる効果を良好に発揮することができる。
粒度分布測定法としては、光学顕微鏡法、共焦点レーザー顕微鏡法、電子顕微鏡法、原子間力顕微鏡法、静的光散乱法、レーザー回折法、動的光散乱法、遠心沈降法、電気パルス計測法、クロマトグラフィー法、超音波減衰法等が知られており、それぞれの原理に対応した装置が市販されている。
本発明における分散粒子の粒径測定では、粒径範囲及び測定の容易さから、動的光散乱法を適用すること好ましい。
動的光散乱を用いた市販の測定装置としては、ナノトラックUPA(日機装(株))、動的光散乱式粒径分布測定装置LB-550((株)堀場製作所)、濃厚系粒径アナライザーFPAR-1000(大塚電子(株))等が挙げられる。
即ち、粒径の測定方法は、本発明の分散組成物から分取した試料に含まれる油性成分の濃度が1質量%になるように純水で希釈を行い、石英セルを用いて測定を行う。粒径は、試料屈折率として1.600、分散媒屈折率として1.333(純水)、分散媒の粘度として純水の粘度を設定した時のメジアン径として求めることができる。
本発明の分散組成物は、前記難水溶性ポリフェノールを含む油相成分を該難水溶性ポリフェノールの良溶媒に溶解して油相を調製すること(油相調製工程)と、得られた油相と難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物の貧溶媒相とを混合して、難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物を含有すると共に体積平均粒子径が200nm以下の分散粒子を含む前記分散組成物を得ること(混合工程)を含む製造方法により得られる。
難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物の良溶媒としてのアルカリ水溶液は、難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物の種類又は配合量等によって適宜選択することができるが、例えばNaOHなどの強塩基でpH10~12を示す水溶液に調整することができる。pH10以上の水溶液であれば、後述する貧溶媒としての酸性溶液との間で充分な溶解度差が生じて、難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物を良好に分散することができ、pH12以下であれば、分散組成物中の他の成分の物性や機能を大きく損なうことがない。
なお、本発明における「水相」とは、貧溶媒の種類にかかわらず「油相」に対する語として使用する。また本発明の分散組成物における水相には、難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物の貧溶媒、例えば水に溶解する他の成分が水相成分として含有されていてもよく、このような水溶性の水相成分に、特定の機能を示しうる機能性成分が含まれていてもよい。
貧溶媒として用いられる酸性水溶液としては、難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物の種類又は配合量等、及び使用される良溶媒としてのアルカリ水溶液のpH等によって適宜選択することができ、強酸や弱酸などを用いることもできる。例えば、リン酸二水素ナトリウムのようなpH3~7を示す水溶液を用いれば、混合後のpHが6~8付近となり好ましい。pH7以下の水溶液であれば、良溶媒としてのアルカリ性溶液との間で充分な溶解度差が生じて、難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物を良好に分散することができ、pH3以上であれば、分散組成物中の他の成分の物性や機能を大きく損なうことがない。より好ましいアルカリ水溶液は、pH4~5とし得る。
このとき、水相の粘度は30mPa・s以下であることが、分散粒子の微粒子化の観点から好ましい。
油相/水相比率を上記範囲とすることにより、有効成分を充分に含み、実用上充分な乳化安定性が得られるため好ましい。
分散組成物の製造方法における油相、水相に含有される成分は、前述の本発明の分散組成物の構成成分と同様であり、好ましい例及び好ましい量も同様であり、好ましい組合せがより好ましい。
本発明の分散組成物の製造に適用される製造方法においては、1nm以上100nmの分散粒子を安定に形成するため、油相と、水相とを、各々独立に、最も狭い部分の断面積が1μm2~1mm2であるマイクロ流路に通過させた後、各相を組み合わせて混合する製造方法をとることが好ましい。
油相と水相との前記混合は、より微小な分散粒子を得るとの観点から、対向衝突による混合であることが好ましい。
対向衝突により混合させる最も適切な装置は、対向衝突型マイクロミキサーである。マイクロミキサーは、主に2つの異なる液を微小空間中で混合するもので、一方の液が機能性油性成分を含有する有機溶媒相であり、もう一方が水性溶液とする水相である。
マイクロ化学プロセスの一つである粒径が小さなエマルション調製にマイクロミキサーを適用した場合、比較的低エネルギーで発熱が少なく、通常の攪拌乳化分散方式や高圧ホモジナイザー乳化分散に比べて、粒径が揃っていて、保存安定性にも優れる良好な分散物を得易い。
本発明における水相に用いるマイクロミキサーの微小空間(流路)の最も狭い部分の断面積は、混合安定性の観点から、1,000μm2~50,000μm2が特に好ましい。
油相に用いるマイクロミキサーの微小空間(流路)の最も狭い部分の断面積は、エマルション粒径の微細化及び粒径分布のシャープネス化の観点から、500μm2~20,000μm2が特に好ましい。
油相の流量としては、エマルション粒子径の微細化及び粒子径分布のシャープ化の観点から、1ml/min~100ml/minが好ましく、さらには3ml/min~50ml/minがより好ましく、5ml/min~50ml/minが特に好ましい。
本発明において、前記流量、送液圧力及び保温温度はそれぞれ好ましい例の組み合せがより好ましい。
図1に示されるようにマイクロデバイス100は、それぞれが円柱状の形態の供給要素102、合流要素104及び排出要素106により構成されている。
供給要素102の合流要素104に対向する面には、本発明における油相又は水相の流路としての断面が矩形の環状チャネル108及び110が同心状に形成されている。供給要素102にはその厚さ(又は高さ)方向に貫通してそれぞれの環状チャンネルに至るボア112及び114が形成されている。
合流要素104には、その厚さ方向に貫通するボア116が形成されている。このボア116は、マイクロデバイス100を構成するために要素を締結した場合、供給要素102に対向する合流要素104の面に位置するボア116の端部120が環状チャンネル108に開口するようになっている。図示した態様では、ボア116は4つ形成され、これらが環状チャンネル108の周方向で等間隔に配置されている。
合流要素104の排出要素106に対向する面122には、マイクロチャンネル124及び126が形成されている。このマイクロチャンネル124又は126の一端はボア116又は118の開口部であり、他方の端部は、面122の中心128であり、全てのマイクロチャンネルはこの中心128に向かってボアから延在し、中心で合流している。マイクロチャンネルの断面は、例えば矩形であってよい。
本マイクロデバイス100では、ボア112及び114の端部にてマイクロデバイス100の外部から供給される流体A及びBは、それぞれボア112及び114を経由して環状チャンネル108及び110に流入する。
前記合流した流体は、ボア130を経由してマイクロデバイスの外部にストリームCとして排出される。
環状チャンネル108の断面形状、幅/深さ/直径:矩形、1.5/1.5/25mm
環状チャンネル110の断面形状、幅、深さ、直径:矩形、1.5/1.5/20mm
ボア112の直径、長さ:1.5/10mm(円形断面)
ボア114の直径、長さ:1.5/10mm(円形断面)
ボア116の直径、長さ:0.5/4mm(円形断面)
ボア118の直径、長さ:0.5/4mm(円形断面)
マイクロチャンネル124の断面形状、幅、深さ、長さ:矩形、断面積、
350μm/100μm/12.5mm/35000μm2
マイクロチャンネル126の断面形状、幅、深さ、長さ:矩形、断面積、
50μm/100μm/10mm/5000μm2
ボア130の直径、長さ:500μm、10mm(円形断面)
図2は、T字型マイクロリアクターによる混合機構の一例を示すT字型マイクロリアクターの概略断面図である。図3は、T字型マイクロリアクターによる混合機構の一例を示すT字型マイクロリアクターの概念図である。
図2には、T字型マイクロリアクターのT字型流路200の断面が示されている。T字型流路200は、流入口202aから矢印Dの方向に流入した流体と、流入口202bから矢印Eの方向に流入した流体は、T字型流路200の流路内中央部で衝突し、混合して微細な流体粒子となる。微細な流体粒子は、流出口204から矢印Fの方向へ流出する。このT字型マイクロリアクターは、流路の容積が小さいときには混合するのに有用である。
操作温度は0℃~80℃まで可能であるが、有効成分の劣化を考慮すると10℃~40℃の範囲が特に好ましい。
以上説明した製造方法により得られた分散粒子の粒径は、市販の粒度分布計等で計測することができ、その詳細は、既述のとおりである。
本発明における化粧品組成物、食品組成物、医薬品組成物は、本発明に従って、難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物を各組成物の材料として、各用途に特徴的な油溶性又は水溶性の機能性材料と共に含有するものである。当業者であれば、各用途に特徴的な油溶性又は水溶性の機能性材料の選択を公知の材料から適宜行うことができ、また、本発明における化粧品組成物、食品組成物又は医薬品組成物を、本明細書の記載に従って本発明の効果が得られるように製造することができる。
[実施例1]
下記表1記載の各成分を室温にて1時間攪拌し、油相液及び水相液をそれぞれ調製した。
得られた油相液(油相)と水相液(水相)をそれぞれ25℃に加温し、それぞれ衝突型であるKM型マイクロミキサ100/100を用いてミクロ混合(分散)して(油相:水相の容量比は1:7)、25℃の分散液(pH7.5)を得た。なお、マイクロミキサーの使用条件は、下記のとおりである。
油相側マイクロチャンネル
断面形状/幅/深さ/長さ = 矩形/70μm/100μm/10mm
水相側マイクロチャンネル
断面形状/幅/深さ/長さ = 矩形/490μm/100μm/10mm
-流量-
外環に水相を56.0ml/min.の流量で導入し、内環に油相を8.0ml/min.の流量で導入してミクロ混合した。
油相成分及び水相成分を表1又は表2に記載のとおりに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして分散組成物を得た。いずれの分散組成物もpH6.5以上pH7.5以下であった。
PSKゼラチン(ニッピ製)の分子量は100,000であり、SCP-5000(新田ゼラチン製ペプチドコラーゲン)の分子量は5,000であり、ヒアルロン酸(紀文製)の分子量はおよそ80,000であり、アラビアガムの分子量はおよそ300,000であった。
1.分散粒子の粒径
調製直後の実施例1~7及び比較例1~7の各分散組成物における分散粒子の粒径を、動的光散乱式粒径分布測定装置LB-550((株)堀場製作所)を用いて測定した。該粒径の測定は、分散粒子の濃度が1質量%になるように純水で希釈を行い、石英セルを用いて行った。粒子径は、試料屈折率として1.600、分散媒屈折率として1.333(純水)、分散媒の粘度として純水の粘度を設定した時のメジアン径として求めた。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
経時安定性の評価は目視にて行い、透明か不透明かを判断した。
分散直後の各分散組成物に透明度を目視にて観察し、透明か不透明かを判断した。さらに、各分散組成物を40℃の恒温槽に1週間保管した後、25℃に戻して再度目視にて同様に判断した。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
3.安定性評価
調製直後と40℃1週間保管後における粒子径及び外観評価の変化の大きさに基づいてA(良)、B(可)、C(不可)と評価した。Aは、分散直後と上記条件による保管後の双方において、透明性且つ100nm以下の粒径を維持していることを意味し、一方、Bは、分散直後と上記条件による保管後の双方において、透明性且つ200nm以下の粒径を維持していることを意味する。A又はBであれば実用上問題がない。Cは、実用的でないことを意味する。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
本明細書に記載された全ての文献、特許出願、および技術規格は、個々の文献、特許出願、および技術規格が参照により取り込まれることが具体的かつ個々に記された場合と同程度に、本明細書中に援用されて取り込まれる。
Claims (15)
- 難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物と、
ショ糖脂肪酸エステルを含む乳化剤と、
水溶性高分子と
を含むと共に、組成物中のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの合計含有量が0、又は組成物中のショ糖脂肪酸エステルの合計質量に対して0.1倍量以下であって、かつ、前記難水溶性ポリフェノールを含む分散粒子の粒子径が200nm以下である分散組成物。 - 前記難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物が、レスベラトロール、クルクミン、ルチン、エラグ酸及びケルセチンからなる群より選択された少なくとも1つである請求項1記載の分散組成物。
- 前記水溶性高分子が、分子量1000~600,000である請求項1又は請求項2記載の分散組成物。
- 前記水溶性高分子が、タンパク質及び多糖類からなる群より選択された少なくとも1つである請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項記載の分散組成物。
- 前記水溶性高分子が、コラーゲン誘導体である請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項記載の分散組成物。
- 前記水溶性高分子が、カッパーカラギーナン、デキストリン及びヒアルロン酸類からなる群より選択された少なくとも1つである請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1項記載の分散組成物。
- 前記水溶性高分子の組成物中の組成物中の合計含有量が、前記難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物の組成物中の全質量の0.1倍量以上10倍量以下である請求項1~請求項6のいずれか1項記載の分散組成物。
- 前記ショ糖脂肪酸エステルの組成物中の合計含有量が、前記難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物の組成物中の全質量の0.1倍量以上10倍量以下である請求項1~請求項7のいずれか1項記載の分散組成物。
- 請求項1~請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の分散組成物を含む化粧品組成物。
- 請求項1~請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の分散組成物を含む食品組成物。
- 請求項1~請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の分散組成物を含む医薬品組成物。
- 請求項1~請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の分散組成物の製造方法であって、
前記難水溶性ポリフェノールを含む油相成分を該難水溶性ポリフェノールの良溶媒に溶解して油相を調製する油相調製工程と、
得られた油相と難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物の貧溶媒相とを混合して、難水溶性ポリフェノール化合物を含有すると共に体積平均粒子径が200nm以下の分散粒子を含む前記分散組成物を得る混合工程と
を含む分散組成物の製造方法。 - 前記難水溶性ポリフェノールの良溶媒が、水可溶性有機溶媒又はアルカリ水溶液である請求項12記載の分散組成物の製造方法。
- 前記油相と前記貧溶媒相との混合が、1μm2~1mm2であるマイクロ流路にそれぞれ独立して通過させた後に組み合わせて混合するものである請求項12又は請求項13に記載の分散組成物の製造方法。
- 前記混合が、対向衝突により行なわれる請求項12~請求項14のいずれか1項記載の分散組成物の製造方法。
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JP2010222293A (ja) | 2010-10-07 |
US20120003288A1 (en) | 2012-01-05 |
CN102341166A (zh) | 2012-02-01 |
CN102341166B (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
JP5339980B2 (ja) | 2013-11-13 |
EP2412431A4 (en) | 2014-04-02 |
EP2412431A1 (en) | 2012-02-01 |
KR20120010226A (ko) | 2012-02-02 |
EP2412431B1 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
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