WO2009122483A1 - 画像読取装置 - Google Patents
画像読取装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009122483A1 WO2009122483A1 PCT/JP2008/056301 JP2008056301W WO2009122483A1 WO 2009122483 A1 WO2009122483 A1 WO 2009122483A1 JP 2008056301 W JP2008056301 W JP 2008056301W WO 2009122483 A1 WO2009122483 A1 WO 2009122483A1
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- H04N1/04—Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa
- H04N1/19—Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa using multi-element arrays
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- H04N1/03—Details of scanning heads ; Means for illuminating the original for picture information pick-up with photodetectors arranged in a substantially linear array
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an image reading apparatus used for a copying machine or the like.
- image reading apparatuses There are roughly two types of image reading apparatuses that are used in copiers, scanners, facsimiles, and the like and read an entire image by scanning an image at a reading position using a one-dimensional imaging device.
- the direction in which the one-dimensional imaging elements are arranged is called a main scanning direction, and the scanning direction is called a sub-scanning direction.
- One of the two types is a method of reducing and transferring the entire image in the main scanning direction onto the image sensor with a monocular lens, and is mainly used for reading the front surface in a copying machine.
- the image pickup element and the lens located on the original document side are usually fixed, only the mirror is moved in the sub-scanning direction, and the entire original document is scanned.
- the focal depth (called depth of field) on the original side is as large as several millimeters, for example, 6 mm, the original can be read even if the original is not in close contact with the original reading surface of the copier.
- Patent Document 1 is cited (referred to as Conventional Method 1).
- the other of the above two methods is a method of dividing an image in the main scanning direction into a plurality of images and reading the image with a compound eye lens, and is usually called a contact image sensor.
- This method is used for a back side reading of a copying machine, a facsimile document reading, a banknote recognition sensor, a scanner for a personal computer, and the like, and is characterized by a small size.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a conventional technique that is currently mainstream as an optical system of the contact image sensor.
- a compound eye lens (rod lens array in the literature)
- An image reading apparatus for obtaining an image is disclosed (referred to as Conventional Method 2).
- Patent Document 3 Another example of a typical method in the optical system of the contact image sensor is a method disclosed in Patent Document 3, for example.
- this method an image of a region corresponding to a cell is reduced and transferred by a lens provided for each cell divided in the main scanning direction, and formed on an image sensor.
- the image on the original surface is restored by synthesizing the output signals of the image sensors installed in each cell (referred to as conventional method 3).
- Patent Document 4 discloses a method similar to the conventional method 2 or the conventional method 3, but obtains an erecting equal-magnification image using a compound eye mirror lens array (referred to as the conventional method 4). .
- Patent Document 5 the reading area is divided into odd-numbered areas and even-numbered areas, and the optical path of the imaging optical system is changed at the odd-numbered and even-numbered areas.
- Conventional Method 5 A method of obtaining an erecting equal-magnification image on the surface has been disclosed (referred to as Conventional Method 5).
- Conventional method 1 has a merit that the depth of field is large as described above, but has a problem that the optical system becomes large. Further, in order to prevent the optical path from the document surface to the lens from changing when the mirror is moved, it is necessary to control the moving speed of a plurality of mirrors in the middle of the optical path. There is a problem.
- Conventional method 2 has the advantages of small size and low cost, but has a problem that depth of field is small and chromatic aberration is large.
- Conventional method 4 has an effect that there is no chromatic aberration because a mirror array having a plurality of concave mirrors is used as the imaging optical element.
- the image transfer magnification may change when the document 10 is greatly separated from the contact glass 12. It is done.
- the overlapping method of adjacent images is different, and it is considered that the image on the array boundary surface deteriorates, and it is difficult to obtain a large depth of field.
- the image is read from the oblique direction with respect to the linear object 10 by the odd-numbered region imaging systems 11 to 41 and the even-numbered region imaging systems 12 to 42. For this reason, when the position of the object 10 in the focal direction changes, the reading position is changed between the odd-numbered area and the even-numbered area, and there is a problem in that both images are shifted on the photosensitive medium 60 that is the imaging surface. . Further, the specification does not describe a specific configuration and effect of the telecentric imaging system. When the position of the object 10 in the focal direction changes, the transfer magnification at the focal position may change, and the way in which images are superimposed between the integer m-th and m + 1-th imaging systems is different and the image deteriorates. End up. Due to the above two problems, it is difficult for the conventional method 5 to obtain a large depth of field.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a small image reading apparatus having a large depth of field.
- an image reading apparatus includes a light source that irradiates light to an imaged portion of a document, and imaging optics that collects the scattered light of the light reflected by the imaged portion and forms an image.
- the cells are arranged so that the rays from the original to the cells are parallel to each other, and the sub-scan
- An imaging optical system in which the cells in the first row and the second row are arranged in a staggered manner in the main scanning direction so that the imaging image can be complemented between the cells in the direction, and A plurality of image sensor sections arranged correspondingly and the sub-scanning
- a memory for storing image information transmitted by the imaging element units corresponding to each other and a processing device for restoring the image information stored in the memory to an image and synthesizing the image information to create a document image.
- the light beam traveling from the original to the cell among the chief rays of the cells arranged in the first row and the original ray of the chief rays of the cells arranged in the second row may be arranged in a state in which the light beam directed to each cell is inclined toward the gap between the first row and the second row.
- the image reading apparatus may further include a folding mirror that is provided between the original and the cell and bends the optical path of the scattered light incident on the cell.
- the folding mirror is arranged along the main scanning direction at different positions in the sub-scanning direction, and the first folding mirror corresponding to the cells in the first row; You may comprise from the 2nd bending mirror corresponding to the said cell of the said 2nd row
- the folding mirror is arranged along the main scanning direction at one position in the sub-scanning direction, and includes a first reflecting surface corresponding to the cells in the first row, and the You may comprise from the 2nd reflective surface corresponding to the said cell of the 2nd row.
- the cell includes a first optical element on which the scattered light from the document is incident, and a second optical element that emits light to the imaging element unit, and the first optical element. At least one of the element and the second optical element may be a reflective condensing element.
- the cell further includes a diaphragm disposed at a rear focal position of the first optical element, the diaphragm being a telecentric optical system on the document side, and a light passage region of the diaphragm. May be configured by a mirror.
- the transfer magnification of each cell can be 1.
- a light source that irradiates light on a document, a telecentric imaging optical system on the document side, and a plurality of columns in the main scanning direction in two rows in the sub-scanning direction.
- the cell includes an arranged cell, an image sensor, a memory for temporarily storing image information, and a processing device for restoring the stored image information.
- each cell is a telecentric optical system on the document side, the subject distance can be increased.
- each cell is a telecentric optical system on the side of the document, so that the chief ray is on the optical axis in the ray bundle from the point near the end of the image range read by the cell (referred to as point E) to the entrance pupil of the cell. Parallel. Therefore, in order to make all the light bundles from the point E enter the optical system of the cell without causing vignetting, a lens having a larger aperture than the reading range of the document is required.
- the cells are arranged in a line in the sub-scanning direction and arranged adjacent to each other in the main scanning direction, a blank is generated in the reading range at the boundary between the cells.
- the aperture of the lens is adjusted to the reading width of one cell, there arises a problem that vignetting from the point E occurs.
- cells are arranged in two rows in the sub-scanning direction.
- numbers are assigned to the cells.
- the image reading apparatus according to the above aspect employs a configuration in which the opening of the cell is larger than the reading range of the cell. According to this configuration, even if a blank range that cannot be read occurs at a boundary between adjacent cells in one first column, that is, between the k-th and (k + 2) -th cells, an image of the blank range is generated. Can be read by the (k + 1) th cell in the other second column, and the images can be complemented.
- the image reading apparatus of one embodiment of the present invention uses a time required to scan the distance in the sub-scanning direction between the first column and the second column to capture a captured image.
- the method of synthesizing is taken. That is, the image reading apparatus according to the above aspect includes a memory and temporarily stores the read image. Two images by the cells in the first column and the second column taken at slightly different times are read from the memory, and the image is restored by the image processing apparatus. Therefore, according to the image reading device of one embodiment of the present invention, a normal image can be formed from the read image.
- the rays traveling from the document to each cell are parallel. Therefore, even when the distance from each cell to the document fluctuates, the position of the image with respect to the image sensor unit does not change. Therefore, the image at the k-th and (k + 1) -th boundary portion of the combined image does not deteriorate. Therefore, as described above, according to the image reading device of one embodiment of the present invention, the depth of field is large and the size can be reduced.
- the cells are arranged in a staggered manner, a sufficient gap is formed between adjacent cells, and a light shielding plate is provided without blocking a necessary optical path. It becomes possible. That is, light rays other than a desired image such as flare and ghost generated by stray light can be shielded, and a clear image can be obtained.
- the cells arranged in the first row and the cells arranged in the second row are arranged such that the angle of the principal ray from each original is different with respect to the sub-scanning direction. Can do. According to such an arrangement, the gap in the sub-scanning direction between the reading range on the original surface by the first row of cells on the original surface and the reading range on the original surface by the cells in the second row can be reduced. The capacity of the memory for storing the read image can be reduced.
- the degree of freedom of cell arrangement can be increased, which contributes to downsizing of the image reading apparatus.
- a lens corresponding to the lens provided in the cell with a concave mirror space can be saved and chromatic aberration can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an image reading apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration in a main scanning direction in the image reading apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration in a sub-scanning direction in the image reading apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows an example of the arrangement
- FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating a state in which a main document is read by a first row of cells provided in the image reading apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1
- FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating a state in which the image reading apparatus illustrated in FIG. It is a figure showing a mode that the original document is read in two rows of cells.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state where a document such as a book is read in the sub-scanning direction by the image reading apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the image reading apparatus by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure in the main scanning direction of the image reading apparatus shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration in the sub-scanning direction of the image reading apparatus illustrated in FIG. 9.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view in the sub-scanning direction showing a modification of the configuration of the image reading apparatus shown in FIG. 9.
- It is a perspective view of the subscanning direction which shows the structure of the image reading apparatus by Embodiment 3 of this invention.
- It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the image reading apparatus by Embodiment 4 of this invention.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of one cell in the image reading apparatus illustrated in FIG. 14.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the configuration of the image reading apparatus shown in FIG. 14 in the sub-scanning direction.
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the configuration of the image reading apparatus shown in FIG. 19 in the sub-scanning direction.
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of the image reading apparatus illustrated in FIG. 19.
- FIG. 23 is a perspective view of the configuration of the image reading apparatus shown in FIG. 22 in the sub-scanning direction.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view of an image sensor substrate provided in Embodiments 1 to 7.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a configuration of an image sensor section provided in Embodiments 1 to 7.
- 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a light source provided in Embodiments 1 to 7.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a processing device provided in the image reading devices of Embodiments 1 to 7.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a processing device provided in the image reading devices of Embodiments 1 to 7.
- FIG. 8 is a connection diagram of image sensor units included in the image reading apparatuses of Embodiments 1 to 7.
- FIG. 10 is a connection diagram according to another example of image sensor units included in the image reading apparatuses of Embodiments 1 to 7.
- 8 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the processing apparatus provided in the image reading apparatuses of Embodiments 1 to 7.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a processing device provided in the image reading devices of Embodiments 1 to 7.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the processing device provided in the image reading devices of Embodiments 1 to 7, and is a diagram for explaining rearrangement of image data and signal processing.
- FIG. 10 is a connection diagram according to another example of image sensor units included in the image reading apparatuses of Embodiments 1 to 7.
- 8 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the processing apparatus provided in the image reading apparatuses of Embodiments 1 to 7.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram for explaining the operation of the processing apparatus provided in the image reading apparatuses of Embodiments 1 to 7, and for explaining a comparison / collation / decimation / repair circuit. It is a perspective view which shows the case where the light-shielding member is provided with respect to the image reading apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the effect at the time of providing the light-shielding member in the structure which has arrange
- 1 imaging optical system 2 illumination light source, 3 top plate, 4 substrate, 5 memory, 6 Processing device, 7 Document, 8, 9 Scan line, 11, 12, 13, 14,... Cell, 31, 32, 33, 34,. 41, 42, 43, 44,... 100 first lens, 101 aperture, 102 second lens, 111 first folding mirror, 112 second folding mirror, 113 third folding mirror, 126 light shielding member, 202 shielded light beam, 203 dotted line area, 211 main scanning direction, 212 Sub-scanning direction, 215 1st row, 216 2nd row, 501 to 507 Image reading apparatus.
- Embodiment 1 FIG.
- the image reading apparatus 501 of the present embodiment is broadly provided with an imaging optical system 1, a light source 2, imaging element units 41, 42,.
- the light source 2 is disposed in the vicinity of the document 7 which is an example of an object to be read, and the imaging optical system 1 is disposed so that the light reflected from the document 7 can enter.
- the image sensor 41 and the like are appropriately arranged.
- Such an image reading apparatus 501 reads an image of the document 7 along the main scanning direction (X direction) 211, and further scans the document 7 in the sub-scanning direction (Y direction) 212 orthogonal to the main scanning direction 211. Then, all images on the document 7 are read.
- the document 7 is an object to be read on which a sentence, a document, a photograph, or the like is displayed, or an object to be read such as a banknote.
- the original 7 is used for printing, used for authenticity determination, or used as an electronic file. It corresponds to what is done. In FIG. 1, the document 7 is not shown for clarity.
- the document 7 is placed on the top 3 as a document placement member.
- the top plate 3 is made of a transparent body and is generally a glass plate.
- the illumination light source 2 such as a fluorescent lamp or an LED is disposed below the top plate 3 at a position where the reading of the document 7 is not hindered, and the imaged parts 31 and 32 existing at the reading position on the document 7. ,... Are irradiated with an illumination light beam 201.
- the light source 2 is disposed only on one side of the imaging optical system 1 in the sub-scanning direction 212, but is not limited thereto, and may be disposed on both sides.
- FIG. 28 shows the structure of the light source 2.
- the light source 2 is roughly divided into a light guide 21 having an emission part 22 and a light scattering layer 25, an electrode part 26, and a light emission source 27, which are arranged at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the light source 2.
- the light guide 21 is disposed between the electrode unit 26 and the light emission source 27.
- the light scattering layer 25 is provided over substantially the entire length of the light guide 21, and is used to uniformly irradiate light from the entire light source 2 along the main scanning direction 211 from the emission portion 22 of the light guide 21. is there.
- the light emission source 27 includes LED chips that emit red (R), green (G), and blue (B) wavelengths, respectively. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 29, the electrode unit 26 is provided with an R light source 27R, a B light source 27B, and a G light source 27G.
- the light scattering layer 25 is formed with a wide center in the main scanning direction 211 when the light emitting sources 27 are installed at both ends of the light guide 21. In the case of installation on one side, the width is increased as the distance from the light source 27 increases. 29 shows the light scattering layer 25 in which the center in the main scanning direction 211 is formed wide. Note that the optical wavelength of each RGB light source 27 substantially matches the wavelength of each RGB color of the RGB filter provided in the light receiving unit 402.
- the configuration of the light source 2 is the same not only in the first embodiment but also in image reading apparatuses in the second to seventh embodiments described later.
- the imaged parts 31, 32,... are shown surrounded by a strip-shaped frame for ease of explanation and visual understanding, but there is no particular structure.
- the portion where the imaged portions 31, 33,... Are arranged along the main scanning direction 211 is defined as a reading line 8, and the portion where the imaged portions 32, 34,. To do.
- the imaging optical system 1 is an imaging optical system that condenses the scattered light of the illumination light beam 201 of the light source 2 reflected by the image pickup units 31, 32,.
- the imaging optical system 1 has a plurality of cells 11, 12,.
- Each of the cells 11, 12,... Is an independent imaging optical system, has a telecentric optical system on the side of the original 7, and a plurality of cells 11 are arranged in the main scanning direction 211.
- the cells 11, 12,... are arranged in two columns, a first column 215 and a second column 216.
- the cells arranged in the same row are arranged such that the light rays from the original 7 toward the cells 11, 12,...
- the optical axis is a straight line
- the word “light rays going from the original 7 to each cell 11, 12,...” Among the principal rays can be replaced with the term “optical axis”. Is provided so that the optical axes 11a, 13a, ... of the cells 11, 13, ... belonging to the first column are parallel to each other, and the cells 12, 13 belonging to the second column,
- the cells 12, 14,... Are provided so that the optical axes 12a, 14a,.
- first row 215 and the second row 216 are arranged so that the formed image can be complemented between the cells 11 and 12 in the sub-scanning direction 212, between the cells 12 and 13, between the cells 13 and 14,.
- the cells 11, 12, 13,... are arranged in a staggered manner in the main scanning direction 211.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the imaging optical system elements of the cells 11, 13, 15,... Provided in the first column 215 and the main optical path in the main scanning direction 211.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing imaging optical system elements and main optical paths in a state where the cells 11 and 12 are overwritten in the sub-scanning direction 212.
- the cell 11 holds a first lens 100 that is an example that functions as a first optical element, an aperture 101 that is an example that functions as a diaphragm, a second lens 102 that is an example that functions as a second optical element, and the like. And a holder 103.
- the aperture 101 By arranging the aperture 101 at the rear focal position of the first lens 100 in the cell 11, the cell 11 can realize a telecentric optical system on the document 7 side.
- the cells 11, 12, 13,... are arranged so as to be parallel to the Z direction. Therefore, the principal rays of the light bundle that contributes to the image formation with the reflected rays from the reading range shared by the cells 11, 12, 13,... On the document 7 are all perpendicular to the top 3.
- FIG. 26 is a plan view of the substrate 4 including the image sensor units 41, 42,... 2a is a light source connection unit that electrically connects the illumination light source 2 and the connector 400 of the image sensor substrate 4.
- Each of the imaging element units 41, 42,... Is configured by arranging a plurality of light receiving units made of, for example, a CCD or the like in the main scanning direction 211, and further arranging a plurality of the light receiving units in the main scanning direction 211. These are arranged in a plurality of rows in the sub-scanning direction 212.
- FIG. 27 shows a plan view of the image sensor sections 41, 42,... .. Are roughly divided into a light receiving unit 402, a photoelectric conversion / RGB shift register driving circuit 403, and an input / output unit 404.
- the light receiving unit 402 is an image pickup element in which an RGB filter 402a made of gelatin material or the like made of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) is arranged on a light receiving surface for one pixel.
- RGB filter 402a made of gelatin material or the like made of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) is arranged on a light receiving surface for one pixel.
- RGB filter 402a made of gelatin material or the like made of red (R), green (G), and blue (B)
- RGB filter 402a made of gelatin material or the like made of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) is arranged on a light receiving surface for one pixel.
- 144 light receiving units 402 corresponding to 144 pixels are arranged along the main scanning
- Each original image incident on each of the cells 11, 12, 13,... Forms a reversed image on the image pickup element portions 41, 42, 43...
- the first lens 100, the aperture 101, and the second lens 102 For example, the image of the imaged part 31 on the reading line 8 of the document 7 passes through the cell 11 and is imaged and imaged on the imaging element unit 41, and the image of the imaged part 32 on the reading line 9 passes through the cell 12. As shown in FIG.
- the transfer magnification of the cells 11, 12, 13,... May be greater than 1 (ie, enlargement operation) or less than 1 (ie, reduction operation). There is a merit that can be diverted.
- the center-to-center width 218 in the sub-scanning direction 212 with respect to the reading line 9 including the imaged parts 32, 34,... In the document 7 is the center-to-center width 217 in the sub-scanning direction between the first row 215 and the second row 216. In the first embodiment, they are equal.
- the center-to-center width 219 in the sub-scanning direction 212 with the image sensor sections 42, 44,... Arranged correspondingly is equal to the center-to-center width 217 and the center-to-center width 218.
- the memory 5 is connected to the image sensor units 41, 42,... And stores image information sent from the image sensor units 41, 42,.
- the processing device 6 reads the image information stored in the memory 5, restores it to the image, combines it, and creates the entire image on the document 7.
- the memory 5 and the processing device 6 are shown separately in FIG. 1, they can of course be installed on the same substrate. The memory 5 and the processing device 6 will be described in detail in the following operation description.
- the illumination light beam 201 emitted from the illumination light source 2 irradiates the document 7 placed on the top 3.
- the imaged parts 31, 33, 35... Located on the reading line 8 of the document 7 are imaged by the cells 11, 13, 15...
- Image signals sent from the respective image sensor sections 41, 43, 45... Are temporarily stored in the memory 5, and the image signals are restored by the processing device 6.
- the document 7 is scanned in the sub-scanning direction 212, and the imaged parts 32, 34,... Positioned in the reading line 9 are imaged by the cells 12, 14,.
- the .. are temporarily stored in the memory 5, and the image signals are restored by the processing device 6.
- the restoration operation of the images obtained by the image sensor sections 41, 42, 43,... Corresponding to the cells 11, 12, 13,.
- the first column 215 and the second column 216 are separated from each other at a center interval 217 in the sub-scanning direction 212, and the document 7 is scanned in the sub-scanning direction 212. Therefore, the cells 11 arranged in the first column 215 are arranged. , 13... And the cells 12, 14... Arranged in the second column 216 are different in the position where the document 7 is read in the sub-scanning direction 212. Therefore, the images captured by the cells 11, 13,... And the cells 12, 14,. In other words, images on the same line in the sub-scanning direction 212 are taken at different times.
- the images obtained by the image sensor units 41, 42, 43... are temporarily stored in the memory 5 in order to restore the original document image from images captured at different times. Then, the original document image is restored by the processing device 6 from each temporarily stored image.
- An image processing operation for performing the above restoration when a reverse image is obtained as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 will be described below with reference to FIGS.
- FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of the imaged parts 31, 32... That is the reading area on the top 3 and the character image “A” on the document 7 (not shown).
- a range AA ′ in the main scanning direction 211 is an overlapping region between the image capturing unit 31 and the image capturing unit 32
- a range B′B is an overlapping region between the image capturing unit 32 and the image capturing unit 33. is there.
- the character image “A” is scanned in the Y direction as a relative positional relationship.
- the term “relative positional relationship” indicates that the document 7 may be scanned in the sub-scanning direction 212 with respect to the stationary image reading apparatus 501, or the stationary document 7 may be scanned. This means that the image reading apparatus 501 may be scanned in the sub-scanning direction 212.
- the character image “A” exists in an area extending between the imaged unit 31 and the imaged unit 32.
- FIG. 5 shows image sensor sections 41, 42,... Arranged on the image sensor board 4.
- a range aa ′ in the main scanning direction 211 is an overlapping region between the imaging element unit 41 and the imaging element unit 42
- a range b′b is an overlapping region between the imaging element unit 42 and the imaging element unit 43. is there.
- the signal image of the character image “A” obtained by the image sensor unit 41 and the image sensor unit 42 is schematically represented by taking the scan time as the vertical axis and the horizontal axis as the main scanning direction 211, a dotted line shown in FIG. As shown in the frame.
- the image obtained by the imaging element unit 41 is obtained by inverting the image in the imaged unit 31 in the main scanning direction 211 of the character image “A”.
- the image obtained by the imaging element unit 42 is an inverted version of the image in the imaged unit 32 in the main scanning direction 211 of the character image “A”.
- an image indicated by a portion corresponding to AA ′ and a portion corresponding to A′A in the drawing is an overlapping region of the imaging target portions.
- FIG. 7A shows the cells 11, 13,... Belonging to the first column 215 and the optical paths in these cells 11, 13,...
- FIG. 7B shows the second column.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram in which the cell 13 and the cell 14 are overwritten in the sub-scanning direction 212, and shows the imaging optical system elements of the cells 13 and 14 and the main optical path.
- FIG. 8 shows a case where the position of the focal plane (Z direction) of the document surface changes in the main scanning direction 211.
- the maximum height position of the document surface in the imaged portion 33 read by the cell 13 is shown.
- “71” indicates the maximum height position of the document surface in the imaged portion 34 read by the cell 14, and “72”.
- each of the cells 11, 12, 13, 14,... Provided in the image reading apparatus 501 of the present embodiment is a telecentric optical system on the document 7 side, and the first column 215 and the second column 216. , All the principal rays in all the cells 11, 12, 13, 14,... Are perpendicular to the top plate 3. Therefore, the image reading apparatus 501 of the present embodiment is characterized in that the reading position of the image with respect to the image sensor unit does not change even if the focal distance to the document 7 varies.
- the depth of field of the image reading apparatus 501 is almost determined by the depth of field of each of the cells 11, 12, 13, 14,.
- the depth of field of each cell 11, 12, 13, 14,... Is determined by the design of the optical system in the cell.
- the depth of field is substantially determined by the F value of the optical system.
- FIG. 37 is a perspective view of the image reading apparatus 501-1 in which the light shielding member 126 is inserted between the cells with respect to the image reading apparatus 501 shown in FIG. 38 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the light shielding member 126 against stray light for the cells 11, 13,... In the first column 215 in the main scanning direction 211.
- FIG. FIG. 39 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which a light shielding member is added to an image reading apparatus in which cells are arranged adjacent to each other on the side of the document 7 in a telecentric optical system, that is, not in a staggered arrangement.
- a region 203 surrounded by a dotted line is a region where the light shielding member 126 is not inserted. Outside the dotted line area 203, a light shielding member 126 is inserted between the cells.
- stray light that crosses between adjacent cells may be generated.
- One example is shown as stray light beam 202.
- the stray light beam 202 is a light beam scattered at a high angle within the field of view of the cell 11 and enters the first lens 100 belonging to the cell 12 adjacent to the cell 11.
- the stray light beam 202 is multiple-reflected in the first lens 100 belonging to the cell 12, and then passes through the aperture 101 belonging to the cell 12 and the second lens 102 belonging to the cell 12, and reaches the imaging element unit 42 corresponding to the cell 12. .
- the light shielding member 126 when the light shielding member 126 is not provided between the cells, there is a possibility that the light rays from the visual field range of the adjacent cells get lost. Due to the presence of such stray light, a phenomenon called a ghost in which an image in the field of view of an adjacent cell is reflected, or a phenomenon called a flare that reduces the contrast of an image because it becomes an overall whitish image even if image formation is not reached. Resulting in. In order to block this stray light, the light blocking member 126 may be inserted between the cells. This state is shown outside the dotted line area 203 on the right side of FIG.
- the provision of the light shielding member 126 causes a problem that light near the cell boundary necessary for image formation is also blocked.
- a cell boundary for example, a light beam from a point P in the figure is separated into the cell 12 and the cell 13 and reaches the image sensor unit 42 and the image sensor unit 43, and each image sensor unit. An image signal can be obtained.
- the light shielding member 126 for example, the light beam from the point Q in the figure is blocked by the light shielding member 126.
- the dotted optical path shown in FIG. 39 indicates the optical path when the light shielding member 126 is not provided, and when the light shielding member 126 is present, this optical path does not exist.
- stray light 202 to an adjacent cell can be generated as in the dotted line area 203 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 38 On the other hand, on the right side in FIG. 38, which is outside the dotted line region 203-1, a state in which a light blocking member 126 is provided to block the stray light path 202 is illustrated.
- the cells 11, 12,... are arranged in a staggered pattern, there is a spatial region between the cells where no light rays contributing to image formation exist.
- the cells 11, 12,... are arranged in a staggered manner, so that even if the optical system is telecentric on the document 7 side, the light shielding member 126 is provided between adjacent cells. Can be provided. Thereby, light rays other than a desired image such as flare and ghost generated by stray light can be shielded, and a clear image can be obtained.
- FIG. An example of the image reading apparatus 502 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the light rays going to the respective cells 11, 13,..., And the cells 12, 14, ... are parallel to each other and in the first column 215 and the second column 216. .., And cells 12, 14,...
- the rays from the document 7 toward the cells are parallel as shown in FIG.
- the optical axis is a straight line, the word “light rays going from the document 7 to each cell” in the principal rays can be replaced by the term “optical axis”.
- the light rays traveling from the document 7 to the cells 11, 13,... And the cells 12, 14,... Are parallel to each other as shown in FIG. , 13,... And the cells 12, 14,...
- the other configuration of the image reading device 502 is not different from the configuration of the image reading device 501 described above. Therefore, only the different components will be described below.
- the illumination light source 2 is not shown in order to avoid the complexity of the illustration.
- the optical axes 11a, 13a,... In the cells 11, 13,... Belonging to the first column 215, and the cells 12, 14,.
- the optical axes 12a, 14a,... are inclined toward the gap between the first row 215 and the second row 216, and the cells 12, 13,. 14 are arranged.
- the cells 11, 13,... Belonging to the first column 215 are inclined by ⁇ 10 ° around the X axis (main scanning direction 211), and the cells 12, 14 belonging to the second column 216 are.
- the optical axes 11 a and 12 a and the like intersect at a position 76 above the top plate 3.
- the shafts 11a, 12a, etc. are separated by an interval 218a.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a case corresponding to FIG. 11, and the reading lines 8 and 9 have a center-to-center width 218a in the sub-scanning direction. This is narrower than the center-to-center width 218 in the case of the image reading apparatus 501 shown in FIG.
- the configuration of the image reading apparatus 502 according to the second embodiment is basically the same as the configuration of the image reading apparatus 501 according to the first embodiment described above, and the above-described effects that the image reading apparatus 501 exhibits. Can also be achieved by the image reading device 502. In addition to this, the image reading apparatus 502 of the second embodiment can achieve the following special effects.
- the directions of the optical axes 11a, 12a, etc. of the cells 11, 12, etc. in the first row 215 and the second row 216 are arranged obliquely with respect to the top plate 3. Then, by bringing the reading lines 8 and 9 on the original 7 closer, the capacity of the memory 5 for temporarily storing the image signal can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
- the image formed by the cells 11 and the like in the first row 215 and the image formed by the cells 12 and the like in the second row 216 are in the sub-scanning direction 212. Acquired with a time difference between scans. Therefore, it is necessary to have a memory capacity for storing image information corresponding to the time difference. Accordingly, the smaller the center-to-center width 218 of the reading lines 8 and 9 in the sub-scanning direction, the smaller the memory capacity.
- the center-to-center width 218a of the reading lines 8 and 9 in the sub-scanning direction is narrower than that of the image reading device 501 as described above. This can be made smaller than in the case of the image reading apparatus 501.
- the image reading apparatus 502 since the telecentric optical system is configured on the document 7 side, the transfer magnification does not change. Accordingly, since there is no image shift in the main scanning direction 211, the correction can be performed only by shifting in the sub-scanning direction 212, and can be performed relatively easily.
- the composition of the images between the adjacent cells may be performed by shifting the images in the sub-scanning direction 212 so that the images obtained by photographing the same region between the adjacent cells match.
- Embodiment 3 With reference to FIG. 13, an example of the image reading apparatus 503 according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the rays 11 a, 12 a In addition, the cells 11, 12,... Are arranged.
- the rays after the folding mirrors 111 and 112 are parallel or substantially parallel to the top plate 3.
- the cells 11, 12,... Are arranged so that
- a folding mirror that bends the optical path of the scattered light from the document 7 incident on the cells 11, 12,... Between the document 7 and the cells 11, 12,. 111, 112 were provided.
- the first bending mirror 111 is provided corresponding to the optical axes 11a, 13a,... In the cells 11, 13,... In the first row 215, and in the cells 12, 14,.
- a second bending mirror 112 is provided corresponding to the optical axes 12a, 14a,.
- the folding mirrors 111 and 112 are mirrors that bend the optical path by 45 °. As shown in FIG. 13, the first folding mirror 111 The light path is bent to the left to guide the light to the cells 11, 13,..., And the second folding mirror 112 guides the light to the cells 12, 14,.
- the image reading apparatus 503 of the third embodiment can also achieve the above-described effects that can be achieved by the image reading apparatus 501 of the first embodiment.
- the image reading apparatus 503 of the third embodiment can further achieve the following effects. That is, in the image reading device 503, the cells 11, 12, 13,... Are arranged in parallel or substantially parallel to the top plate 3, so that the image reading device in the Z direction, that is, the thickness direction of the top plate 3 is used. Therefore, a small image reading apparatus can be obtained.
- FIG. 14 With reference to FIGS. 14 to 16, an example of the image reading apparatus 504 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the illumination light source 2, the top plate 3, and the like are not shown in order to avoid the complexity of the illustration.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing only the optical elements of one cell extracted from the configuration shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the image reading device 504 along the sub-scanning direction 212 with the main scanning direction 211 perpendicular to the paper surface.
- Embodiment 4 and Embodiments 5 and 7 to be described below show the forms of cells 11, 12, 13, 14,... That more closely match the actual configuration of the image reading apparatus.
- the cells 11, 11,..., Cells 12, 14,... are arranged along the first column 215 and the second column 216, and each cell 11, .., 12, 13, 14,... Form a telecentric optical system on the document side, and the cells 11, 13,. .. Corresponding to the cells 11, 12, 13, 14,... That are imaged on the image-captured parts 31, 32, 33, 34. 44,... And the provision of the memory 5 and the processing device 6 are the same in the fourth embodiment and the fifth to seventh embodiments described below. Therefore, the image reading apparatus according to the fourth embodiment and each of the fifth to seventh embodiments described below can achieve the above-described effects exhibited by the image reading apparatus 501 of the first embodiment.
- members corresponding to the first lens 100 and the second lens 102 are reflective optical elements.
- the concave mirror is an example of the above. Furthermore, the optical path is bent by these reflective optical elements. Further, a bending mirror 113 is provided between the concave mirror corresponding to each second lens 102 in each cell 11, 12, 13,... And the imaging element portions 41, 42, 43,.
- both the first lens 100 and the second lens 102 are configured as concave mirrors, and the image reading apparatus can be made compact in the Z direction and the sub-scanning direction 212. it can.
- the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and at least one of the first lens 100 and the second lens 102 may be configured by a reflective optical element.
- the concave mirror which is an example of the reflective optical element, performs the same function as the first lens 100 and the second lens 102 described in the first to third embodiments, but has a different form.
- an example corresponding to the first lens 100 and corresponding to the example of fulfilling the function of the first optical element is referred to as the first concave mirror 100A, and corresponding to the second lens 102 and fulfilling the function of the second optical element. Is replaced with the second concave mirror 102A.
- the image reading device 504 will be described in detail.
- a light beam reflected and scattered from the original 7 irradiated by the illumination light source 2 enters the cell 11 or the like.
- the reading width in the main scanning direction 211 of one cell 11 is 10 mm.
- the tilt angle of the optical axis with respect to the top plate 3 in the sub-scanning direction 212 is 5 °. That is, a light beam having a light beam having an angle of 5 ° in the sub-scanning direction from the document surface as a main light beam contributes to image formation.
- the light beam is bent in the optical path by the first folding mirror 111. In FIG. 16, the light beam is deflected in a direction that forms an angle of 8 ° with the Y axis.
- the distance from the document surface to the first concave mirror 100A is designed to be approximately 20 mm, and the light beam reflected by the first concave mirror 100A is collimated.
- An aperture 101 is set at a position 20 mm from the first concave mirror 100A along the optical axis optical path. Since this is equal to the focal length of the first concave mirror 100A, this cell becomes a telecentric optical system on the document side.
- the aperture diameter of the aperture 101 determines the brightness and depth of field of the optical system.
- the aperture diameter of the aperture 101 is set to ⁇ 1 mm. That is, the F value of the optical system is 20.
- the arrangement of the optical components in the entire cell and the first concave mirror 100A and the second concave mirror 102A are optimized and designed with an aspherical shape or the like, a sufficient depth of field of ⁇ 2 mm, that is, 4 mm can be obtained. be able to.
- the light beam that has passed through the aperture 101 is collected by the second concave mirror 102A, passes through the third folding mirror 113, and forms an image on the image sensor section 41.
- the method for restoring the inverted image is as described in the first embodiment.
- the optical path length from the aperture 101 to the second concave mirror 102A and the distance from the second concave mirror 102A to the image sensor 41 are both set to 20 mm, not only on the document side but also on the image side. It is a telecentric optical system. Thus, by forming a telecentric optical system also on the image side, there is an effect that the imaging magnification becomes constant regardless of the installation position in the focal direction for the image sensor 41 and the like.
- the concave mirrors are used for the first concave mirror 100A and the second concave mirror 102A, there is an advantage that chromatic aberration does not occur.
- chromatic aberration is likely to be a problem, but chromatic aberration can be avoided by forming a reflective optical system as in this embodiment.
- the optical path can be folded, and there is a great advantage that the entire optical system can be made compact in the Z direction and the sub-scanning direction 212.
- the optical path length from the document 7 to the image sensor 41 is 80 mm. That is, if the bending mirrors 111 and 113 are not provided and the concave mirrors such as the first concave mirror 100A and the second concave mirror 102A are not used, the thickness of the entire optical system in the Z direction is about 80 mm. However, since the optical path is folded, the thickness of the optical system in the Z direction can be reduced to about 23 mm.
- the transfer magnification is 1, there is an advantage that the existing image pickup device can be used and the cost can be reduced.
- the optical system is a reduction system, the resolution of the image obtained by the resolution of the image pickup device section itself deteriorates unless one pixel unit of the image pickup device section is reduced in accordance with the reduction magnification.
- the resolution of an existing contact type image sensor that captures an erecting equal-magnification image is 600 dpi
- a resolution of 600 dpi can be achieved by diverting the image sensor unit as it is.
- the same member can be used for the first concave mirror 100A and the second concave mirror 102A.
- the optical system is telecentric on both the document side and the image side, it is sufficient even if the shapes of the first concave mirror 100A and the second concave mirror 102A are the same in terms of lens optimization design. It is possible to design an optical system having imaging conditions with a high resolution. By using the same member, there is an effect that the cost can be reduced.
- the optical axis tilted by + 5 ° around the X axis from the original surface acts on the cells 11, 13,... In the first row 215, and the X axis from the original surface acts on the cells 12, 14,.
- An optical axis tilted by -5 ° acts around.
- the interval in the sub-scanning direction 212 in each of the k-th and k + 1-th cells, that is, the interval between the reading lines 8 and 9 is 9 mm.
- the distance between cells in the same column, that is, the distance between each of the kth and k + 2 cells is 18 mm.
- the overlapping width of the reading area between adjacent cells is 1 mm.
- a width of 1 mm and 600 dpi in the main scanning direction 211 means about 24 pixels, which is sufficient for image synthesis between adjacent cells as described in the first and second embodiments.
- the in-focus position on the original side is designed at a position 73 1 mm from the top surface of the top plate, and further, the reading line 8 of the cells 11, 13,.
- the reading lines 9 of the cells 12, 14,... are designed to intersect at a position 73.
- the optical system itself has a depth of field of ⁇ 2 mm, sufficient resolution can be obtained from the top surface of the top 3 to the position 75 of 3 mm.
- the depth of field of the image reading device 504 is 3 mm from the top surface of the top plate. The resolution is better at the in-focus position, even though it is within the depth of field.
- the depth of field is reduced by lowering the position of the top 3 so that the in-focus position is located at a position 2 mm from the top surface of the top 3. It can be increased to 4 mm from the upper surface of the top 3.
- the reading line 8 of the cells 11, 13, ... in the first column 215 and the reading line 9 of the cells 12, 14, ... in the second column 216 move away as the position of the original surface moves away from the position 73.
- this is because the optical system is telecentric on the document side, the transfer magnification does not change in the main scanning direction 211 and the sub-scanning direction 212, and the optical axis is perpendicular to the main scanning direction 211. Therefore, the deviation of the reading lines 8 and 9 is only shifted in the sub-scanning direction 212. Therefore, the deviation of the reading lines 8 and 9 can be corrected by processing the image stored in the memory 5 by the processing device 6 regardless of the unevenness of the document surface.
- the optical system 14 shows the internal structure so that the configuration of the optical element can be easily understood. In practice, however, it is preferable to provide the light shielding members 123 and 124 and the light shielding slit 122 as shown in FIG. .
- the opening regions 122a are also preferably arranged in a staggered pattern. Further, the light path after the aperture 101 is shielded from the outside by the light shielding members 123 and 124, so that the resistance to stray light is further enhanced. Furthermore, by installing the light-shielding slit 120 in the optical path portion after the third folding mirror 113, the resistance to stray light can be further increased.
- FIG. 18 shows the light shielding slit 120 with the top and bottom of FIG. 17 turned upside down. In the light shielding slit 120, an opening 120 a for passing light is provided corresponding to the imaging element portions 41, 42, 43,.
- the aperture 101 is a transmissive type, and as shown in FIG. 14, a light shielding wall 121 is provided between adjacent cells in the same row, and the optical system after the aperture 101 is in an independent closed chamber state. , Has produced a great effect as a stray light countermeasure. That is, stray light exists only through a small opening of the aperture 101. By making the inner wall surfaces of the light shielding wall 121 and the light shielding members 123 and 124 black, a great stray light countermeasure effect can be obtained.
- a method in which one member also serves as an optical member in the same row is conceivable.
- a lens array in which concave mirrors corresponding to the first concave mirror 100A and the second concave mirror 102A are arranged at an interval of 18 mm is used, and an aperture array corresponding to the aperture 101 and having aperture holes at intervals of 18 mm is used.
- the first folding mirror 111, the second folding mirror 112, and the third folding mirror 113 may be formed by depositing a reflective member such as aluminum on a single thin plate. Since the first folding mirror 111 and the second folding mirror 112 are disposed adjacent to each other, for example, a reflecting member may be deposited on both slopes of a roof shape having a triangular cross section.
- the configuration using the folding mirror and the concave mirror in the above-described fourth embodiment can be easily applied to the image reading apparatus 501 in the first embodiment. It can be deployed.
- FIG. 19 shows the internal structure of the reading optical system portion of the image reading apparatus 505.
- the illustration of the illumination light source 2, the top plate 3, the imaging element substrate 4, the memory 5, the processing device 6, and the like is omitted to avoid the complexity of the illustration.
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view illustrating the optical path in the sub-scanning direction 212 with the main scanning direction 211 perpendicular to the paper surface.
- FIG. 21 shows an optical system part to which a light shielding member is attached as shown in FIG.
- the image reading apparatus 505 of the fifth embodiment also has the same configuration as that of the image reading apparatus 504 of the fourth embodiment except for the differences described below. Therefore, detailed description here is omitted. Further, since the image reading device 505 has the same configuration as the image reading device 504, the image reading device 505 can basically exhibit the above-described effects that the image reading device 504 has.
- the difference between the image reading device 504 of the fourth embodiment and the image reading device 505 of the fifth embodiment is that, in the fourth embodiment, the aperture 101 has a transmissive opening, but in this embodiment, A reflection mirror is formed corresponding to the opening.
- the periphery of the reflection area in the reflection mirror is made of a black member that blocks light.
- the reflecting mirror according to the fifth embodiment has the same function as the aperture 101 described in the first to fourth embodiments, but is different in form. In the following description, the one corresponding to the aperture 101 and corresponding to the example of fulfilling the aperture function is read as the reflecting mirror 101A.
- the optical path will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 20, the optical path indicated by the dotted line represents the cell 11, 13,... Belonging to the first column 215, and the optical path illustrated by the solid line represents the cell 12, 14,.
- the optical path (dotted line) relating to the first row 215 is reflected on the right side of the drawing by the first bending mirror 111, collimated by the first concave mirror 100A, and reaches the reflecting mirror 101A installed on the left side of the drawing.
- the light reaching the outside of the reflection region having a diameter of 1 mm in the reflection mirror 101A is absorbed by the black member.
- the light beam reflected by the reflection region of the reflection mirror 101A is collected by the second concave mirror 102A installed on the right side of the figure, and then picked up by the third folding mirror 113 installed on the left side of the figure. , ... imaged on top.
- the entire optical system is provided with a light shielding slit 122 and a light shielding member 125 as shown in FIG. 21 in order to block stray light from the outside.
- the size of the optical system can be reduced in the sub-scanning direction 212. .
- the distance between the optical elements in the sub-scanning direction 212 in the fourth embodiment is about 60 mm
- the distance between the optical elements in the sub-scanning direction 212 in the fifth embodiment is It is about 20 mm and is reduced to about one third.
- the fifth embodiment also has a one-to-one transfer magnification, as shown in FIG. 20, the first concave mirror 100A and the second concave mirror 102A included in the optical system in the first column 215, and the second column 216 are included.
- the reflection mirror 101 ⁇ / b> A included in the optical system can be installed on the same plane along the main scanning direction 211.
- the first concave mirror 100A, the second concave mirror 102A, and the reflection mirror 101A included in the optical system in the second row 216 can be installed on the same plane.
- an effect that the assembly of the optical system can be easily performed with high accuracy can be obtained by forming a two-dimensional lens array by resin molding including the first concave mirror 100A and the second concave mirror 102A. It is done. Furthermore, by using the aperture 101, a mirror-finished reflective member is attached to the opening, and a portion other than the opening is made of a black member. There is also an effect that a reflection mirror array can be produced. In this case, there is also an effect that the aperture 101 used in the first to fourth embodiments can be used.
- FIG. 22 With reference to FIGS. 22 and 23, an image reading apparatus 506 according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described.
- the illumination light source 2 and the document 7 are not shown in order to avoid the complexity of the illustration.
- the image reading device 506 in the sixth embodiment corresponds to a modified type of the image reading device 503 in the third embodiment. That is, the image reading apparatus 503 according to the third embodiment includes two first and second folding mirrors 111 and 112 that are separately provided in the sub-scanning direction 212 as shown in FIG. Therefore, there are two reading lines 8 and 9 on the document surface. On the other hand, the image reading apparatus 506 of the sixth embodiment has one folding mirror 114. Therefore, the imaged portions 31, 32, 33,... Are arranged in the main scanning direction 211 on the document surface, and there is only one reading line.
- the folding mirror 114 extends along the main scanning direction 211 and bends light from the document 7 to the cells 11, 13,... Belonging to the first row 215, and the second row 216. Are formed corresponding to the arrangement of the cells 11, 13,..., And the cells 12, 14,. That is, the directions of the first reflecting surface 114a and the second reflecting surface 114b are alternately different for each adjacent cell.
- the configuration of the image reading apparatus 503 according to the third embodiment and the image reading apparatus 506 according to the sixth embodiment is the same. Accordingly, detailed description of the configuration of the image reading apparatus 506 is omitted here.
- the above-described effects achieved by the image reading apparatus 503 according to the third embodiment can also be achieved by the image reading apparatus 506 according to the sixth embodiment.
- C be the pitch between adjacent cells.
- the folding mirrors 114 are arranged without a gap in the main scanning direction 211, and the pitch between the first reflecting surface 114a and the second reflecting surface 114b is also C.
- the visual field range is larger than C, but the amount of light decreases as it goes to the visual field end as shown in FIG.
- an image is formed in each cell while dividing the light intensity between adjacent cells.
- the light intensity of the image formed by dividing is added, it becomes 1.
- the amount of light between adjacent cells is divided into two, so that the intensity is 0.5 compared with the central region of the cell.
- an image of a region where the field of view overlaps between adjacent cells may be used.
- the image composition method is the same as the method described in the description of the first embodiment.
- Embodiments 1 to 5 are different from the case of Embodiment 6 in that the light intensity of images overlapping between adjacent cells did not decrease.
- the position of the document 7 is the focal direction. .., And the cells 11, 13,... In the first column 215 and the cells 12, 14,... In the second column 216 do not shift the reading position and the transfer magnification does not change, so that the depth of focus can be increased. There is an effect. Furthermore, since the images of the imaged parts 31, 32,... On one reading line are combined, there is an effect that the capacity of the memory 5 can be reduced.
- Embodiment 7 FIG. With reference to FIG. 25, an image reading apparatus 507 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the image reading device 507 basically adopts the structure of the image reading device 505 in the fifth embodiment, and the first folding mirror 111 and the second folding mirror 112 in the image reading device 505 are the same as those in the sixth embodiment.
- the configuration is changed to the single folding mirror 114 employed.
- Such an image reading apparatus 507 can exhibit the above-described effects exhibited by the image reading apparatus 505 according to the fifth embodiment and the effects exhibited by the image reading apparatus 506 according to the sixth embodiment.
- the length of a document read in one cell for example, the cell 11, in the main scanning direction 211 is 6 mm.
- the imaging device units 41, 42,... Having a resolution of 600 dpi 144 pixels, that is, 144 light receiving units 402 are arranged in the main scanning direction 211 per cell as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 30 shows a signal flow between the components of the light source 2, the image sensor unit 41..., The light source driving circuit 1006, and the processing device 6 included in the image reading device 507 of the seventh embodiment.
- the processing device 6 is supplied with an image signal from the image sensor elements 41.
- the processing device 6 controls the operation of the image sensor units 41... And the light source driving circuit 1006 and inputs / outputs signals to / from the system main body including the image reading device 507.
- the processing device 6 includes an amplifier 1000 that amplifies a signal photoelectrically converted by the image sensor 41, an analog-digital converter (A / D converter) 1001 that converts the amplified photoelectric conversion output from analog to digital, and RGB colors.
- a signal processing unit 1002 that performs signal processing on the digital output, a system interface 1003 that exchanges signals between the processing device 6 and the system body, a RAM 1004 that stores image information of each color, and a CPU 1005.
- the processing device 6 based on the system control signal (SYC) and the system clock signal (SCLK) signal supplied from the system main body, the processing device 6 passes through the system interface 1003 and the processing device 6 A clock signal (CLK) and a start signal (SI) synchronized with the clock signal are output to the image sensor sections 41. At the timing of the clock signal and the start signal, a continuous analog signal of each pixel (n) is output to the processing circuit 6 from the imaging element unit 41 for each reading line (m). With respect to the analog signal, 7200 pixels are sequentially output in the example shown in FIG. 31, and 144 pixels are output as one unit in the example of the divided output shown in FIG.
- the analog signal of the pixel supplied from the image pickup device section 41 and amplified by the amplifier 1000 is A / D converted by the A / D converter 1001 and converted into a digital signal. After A / D conversion, the signal output of each pixel (bit) is processed by a correction circuit that performs shading correction and all-bit correction included in the signal processing unit 1002.
- This correction processing is performed by reading out correction data from the RAM 1004 and performing arithmetic processing on the digital signal corresponding to the image information, which has been A / D converted, with the correction data.
- the correction data is data obtained by uniformizing data read in advance using a reference test chart such as a white manuscript, and the correction data is a variation in sensitivity between the element portions of the image pickup element portions 41. In addition, this is for correcting the non-uniformity of each light emitting source 27. Such a series of operations is performed under the control of the CPU 1005.
- the processing device 6 turns on the light source lighting signal (LC) in conjunction with the CPU 1005.
- the light source driving circuit 1006 supplies power to each light source 27 for a predetermined time, and the RGB light source 27 emits white light.
- the start signal (SI) sequentially turns on the output of the shift register of each element (pixel) included in the photoelectric conversion / RGB shift register drive circuit 403 in the image sensor section 41. .
- the corresponding switch group sequentially opens and closes the SIG (SO) line, so that RGB image information (image output) is obtained in synchronization with the CLK signal.
- This image output is an output of each image read and accumulated in the previous line.
- CNT is a color / monochrome switching signal, and is normally at a high level in the color mode.
- BLK (blanking) time is set for each color reading section of one line, and exposure time setting is varied. Accordingly, in the BLK section, all SIG (SO) are released.
- FIG. 34 shows image signals SIG (SO) that are sequentially output.
- the SIG (SO) signal is simultaneously output as an analog signal in three series for each RGB by a switching signal in a shift register included in the photoelectric conversion / RGB shift register driving circuit 403 in the image sensor section 41.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram for explaining rearrangement and signal processing of inverse image data of RGB signals subjected to A / D conversion, and shows a case where data is rearranged every 144 bits and then signal processing is performed.
- each RGB (SO) signal after A / D conversion is shifted to the left by a shift register circuit included in the signal processing unit 1002, and is stored in each storage unit configured by the shift register circuit. (LA).
- the latched data is sequentially rearranged as SIG (SO) from the first storage unit of the image sensor unit 41... By the write signal (WR) and stored in the RAM 1004.
- SIG SO
- WR write signal
- FIG. 36 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the comparison / collation / decimation / repair circuit 1002a.
- the image data from the image sensor elements 41, 43,... Stored in the RAM 1 which is a part of the RAM 1004 and the image sensor stored in the RAM 2 area which is a part of the RAM 1004
- the image data from the units 42, 44,... are sequentially input to the shift register as outputs.
- region between image pick-up element parts is compared and collated.
- the light path is inverted in the sub-scanning direction 212, so that the gap between the array of image sensor units in one column and the array of image sensor units in the other column
- a comparison / collation operation is performed.
- the difference is added and the image data output is weighted.
- the weight of data is increased as the pixel is located on the outermost side, and the weight of data is decreased as the pixel is located inside.
- the region of regularly reflected light in one column is set as normal data, and the region of light in the other column that is not normally reflected is set as invalid data.
- the image data that has been subjected to the correction calculation processing is converted into SIG (RGB) color data via the system interface 1003 by using a color conversion and color management engine in a color management system including data analysis and data restoration. Is output as
- the present invention can be applied to an image reading device or a bill reading device used for a copying machine or the like.
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Abstract
Description
即ち、本発明の一態様における画像読取装置は、原稿の被撮像部に光を照射する光源と、上記被撮像部で反射した上記光の散乱光を集光し画像として結像する結像光学系であって、上記主走査方向に複数個配置されそれぞれが独立した結像光学系であり上記原稿側にテレセントリックな光学系を形成した複数のセルを有し、上記副走査方向には上記セルを第1列及び第2列の2列に配列し同列に配置される各セルにおける主光線の内上記原稿から各セルへ向かう光線が互いに平行であるように各セルを配置し、上記副走査方向における各セル間で結像画像が補完可能なように上記第1列及び上記第2列の各セルを上記主走査方向にて千鳥状に配置した結像光学系と、それぞれの上記セルに対応して配置される複数の撮像素子部と、上記副走査方向において対応する上記撮像素子部同士が送出する画像情報を記憶するメモリと、上記メモリに記憶した上記画像情報を画像に復元し合成して原稿画像を作成する処理装置と、を備えたことを特徴とする。
したがって上述したように、本発明の一態様による画像読取装置によれば、被写界深度が大きく、かつ小型化を達成することができる。
6 処理装置、7 原稿、8,9 読み取りライン、
11、12、13、14、… セル、31,32,33,34,… 被撮像部、
41、42、43、44、… 撮像素子部、
100 第1レンズ、101 アパーチャ、102 第2レンズ、
111 第1折曲げミラー、112 第2折曲げミラー、113 第3折曲げミラー、
126 遮光部材、
202 遮光光線、203 点線領域、211 主走査方向、
212 副走査方向、215 第1列、216 第2列、
501~507 画像読取装置。
以下、この発明の実施の形態1に係る画像読取装置の一例について、図1~図3を用いて説明する。
本実施形態の画像読取装置501は、大きく分けて、結像光学系1と、光源2と、撮像素子部41、42、…と、メモリ5と、処理装置6とを備える。これらの構成部分は、画像の読み取りがなされる被読取物の一例である原稿7の近傍に光源2が配置され、原稿7にて反射した光が入射可能なように結像光学系1が配置され、撮像素子部41等が適宜配置される。このような画像読取装置501は、主走査方向(X方向)211に沿って原稿7の画像を読み取り、さらに主走査方向211に直交する副走査方向(Y方向)212に原稿7をスキャンして、原稿7における全画像の読み取りを行う。尚、原稿7とは、文章、書画、写真などを表示した被読取物や、紙幣等の被読取物であり、印刷するもとになったり、真贋の判定に使用されたり、電子ファイルとして使用されたりするものが相当する。又、図1では、図示の明瞭化のため、原稿7の図示を省略している。
尚、各RGB光源27の光学波長は、受光部402に設けられたRGBフィルタの各RGB色の波長と略一致している。
又、このような光源2の構成は、本実施の形態1のみならず、後述する実施の形態2~7における画像読取装置においても同じである。
さらに、副走査方向212における各セル11,12間、各セル12,13間、各セル13,14間、…で結像画像が補完可能なように、第1列215及び第2列216の各セル11,12,13,…は、主走査方向211にて千鳥状に配置されている。
図2は、主走査方向211における、第1列215に備わるセル11、13、15、…の結像光学系要素と、主要光路とを示した図である。図3は、副走査方向212におけるセル11とセル12とを重ね書きした状態にて、結像光学系要素と主要光路とを示した図である。
図26は撮像素子部41,42,…を備えた基板4の平面図であり、2aは,照明光源2と、撮像素子基板4のコネクタ400とを電気接続する光源接続部である。
処理装置6は、メモリ5に記憶した画像情報を読み出して、画像に復元して合成し、原稿7における全体の画像を作成する。尚、メモリ5及び処理装置6は、図1では別体にて図示しているが、もちろん同一基板上に設置可能である。
これらのメモリ5及び処理装置6については、以下の動作説明にて詳しく説明する。
照明光源2から照射された照明光線201は、天板3上に置かれた原稿7を照射する。まず、原稿7の読み取りライン8に位置する被撮像部31、33,35…が、セル11,13,15…、及び撮像素子部41,43,45…にて撮像される。即ち、被撮像部31、33,35…にて反射し散乱した光線がセル11,13,15…に入射し、基板4上に配置された撮像素子部41,43,45…に結像する。それぞれの撮像素子部41,43,45…から送出される画像信号は、メモリ5に一時的に保存され、その画像信号は、処理装置6にて復元される。
次に、原稿7は副走査方向212にスキャンされて、読み取りライン9に位置する被撮像部32、34、…がセル12,14,…、及び撮像素子部42,44,…にて撮像される。それぞれの撮像素子部42,44,…から送出される画像信号は、メモリ5に一時的に保存され、その画像信号は、処理装置6にて復元される。
第1列215と第2列216とは、副走査方向212において中心間隔217にて離れており、原稿7を副走査方向212にスキャンしていくので、第1列215に配置されるセル11,13…と、第2列216に配置されるセル12,14…とが副走査方向212において原稿7を読み取る位置は異なる。よって、同一時刻に、セル11,13…と、セル12,14…とが撮像する画像は異なる。言い換えると、副走査方向212において同一線上にある画像は、異なる時刻に撮像される。このように、異なる時刻にて撮像された画像から、元の原稿画像を復元するために、撮像素子部41、42、43…で得られた画像は、メモリ5に一時的に保存する。そして、一時保存した各画像を、処理装置6によって元の原稿画像を復元する。図2、図3で示すように反転像が得られる場合において、上記復元を行うための画像処理動作について、図4~図6を用いて以下に説明する。
このように、セル毎に独立した画像を取得して画像合成をすることは、製造誤差を緩和するという効果がある。
図7に示すように、主走査方向211において、焦点方向(Z方向)の位置が変化する原稿7があるとする。図7の(a)は、第1列215に属するセル11,13、…と、これらのセル11,13、…における光路を示したものであり、図7の(b)は、第2列216に属するセル12,14,…と、これらのセル12,14,…における光路を示したものである。図8は、副走査方向212において、セル13とセル14とを重ね書きしたもので、各セル13,14の結像光学系要素と、主要光路とを示した図である。又、図8は、主走査方向211において、原稿面の焦点方向(Z方向)の位置が変化した場合を図示しており、セル13が読み取る被撮像部33における原稿面の最大高さ位置を「71」にて示し、セル14が読み取る被撮像部34における原稿面の最大高さ位置を「72」にて示している。
この迷光を遮断するためには、遮光部材126を各セル間に挿入すれば良い。その状態を図39の右側の点線領域203の外側に示す。
一方、遮光部材126を設けることで、例えば図中の点Qからの光線は、遮光部材126で遮られてしまう。尚、図39に示す点線の光路は、遮光部材126がない場合の光路を示し、遮光部材126が存在する場合には、この光路は存在しない。
このように、セル11,12,…が千鳥配置ではなく、単に隣接して配置されている場合、遮光部材126をセル間に設けると、隣接セル間の画像信号が得られず、セル境界ごとに画像が欠落してしまうという問題があった。
図9~図12を参照して、本発明の実施の形態2における画像読取装置502の一例について、説明する。
実施の形態1の画像読取装置501では、第1列215に属するセル11,13、…内、及び、第2列216に属するセル12,14、…内での主光線の内、原稿7から各セル11,13、…、及びセル12,14、…へ向かう光線は、図2に示すように、互いに平行で、かつ、第1列215と第2列216とにおける、セル11,13、…と、セル12,14、…との間でも、図3に示すように、主光線の内、原稿7から各セルへ向かう光線は平行である。尚、本実施形態の一例では、光軸は一直線であるので、主光線の内、原稿7から各セルへ向かう光線という文言は、光軸という用語で置き換えることができる。
図13を参照して、本発明の実施の形態3における画像読取装置503の一例について、説明する。
上述した実施形態1及び実施形態2では、各セル11,12、…の主光線の内、原稿7から各セルへ向かう光線11a,12a…が天板3に対して垂直あるいはわずかに傾斜するように、各セル11,12、…は配置されている。これに対し、本実施の形態3における画像読取装置503では、各セル11,12、…の主光線の内、折曲げミラー111,112後の各光線が天板3に対して平行又はほぼ平行となるように、各セル11,12、…を配置している。
図14~図16を参照して、本発明の実施の形態4における画像読取装置504の一例について説明する。尚、図14では、図示の煩雑さを避けるため、照明光源2、及び天板3等の図示を省略している。図15は、図14に図示した構成の内、一つのセルの光学要素のみを抜き出して記載した図である。図16は、主走査方向211を紙面に垂直にして、副走査方向212に沿った画像読取装置504の断面における図である。
これに対し本実施形態4、及び以下に記述する各実施形態5、7では、画像読取装置の実際の構成に、より即したセル11,12,13,14,…の形態を示している。
照明光源2により照射された原稿7を反射散乱した光線がセル11等に入射する。ここで、まず一つのセルのみ、例えばセル11の光路、構成について、数値も交えて詳細に説明する。一つのセル11の主走査方向211における読み取り幅は10mmである。天板3に対する光軸の副走査方向212における倒れ角は5°である。つまり、原稿面から副走査方向5°の角度の光線を主光線とする光線束が結像に寄与する。この光線束は、第1折曲げミラー111によって光路を曲げられる。図16では、Y軸に対して8°の角度をなす方向に光線が偏向される。
第1列215のセル11,13,…には、原稿面からX軸周りに+5°傾いた光軸が作用し、第2列216のセル12,14,…には、原稿面からX軸周りに-5°傾いた光軸が作用する。k番目とk+1番目の各セルにおける副走査方向212の間隔、つまり上記読み取りライン8、9間の間隔は、9mmである。又、同一列内でのセル間の距離、つまりk番目とk+2番目の各セルの間隔は、18mmである。1セルの読み取り幅は、10mmであるので、隣接するセル、つまりk番目とk+1番目とのセル間での読み取り領域の重なり幅は、1mmである。主走査方向211に幅1mmで600dpiということは、約24画素ということであり、実施の形態1および2で述べたような隣接セル間での画像の合成に十分な大きさである。
図19~図21を参照して、本発明の実施の形態5における画像読取装置505の一例について説明する。図19は、画像読取装置505の読み取り光学系部分の内部構造を示している。但し、図19では、図示の煩雑さを避けるため、照明光源2、天板3、撮像素子基板4、メモリ5、処理装置6等の図示を省略している。図20は、主走査方向211を紙面垂直にして、副走査方向212における光路を描いた透視図である。図21は、図19の図示に、遮光部材を取り付けた光学系部を示している。
実施形態4にて、アパーチャ101の開口部に対応する部分が、本実施形態5では反射ミラーにて構成されていることから、副走査方向212において、光学系のサイズをコンパクト化することができる。具体的数値を挙げると、実施の形態4における副走査方向212における光学要素間の距離は、約60mmであったのに対し、実施の形態5における副走査方向212における光学要素間の距離は、約20mmであり、約3分の1に減じている。
図22及び図23を参照して、本発明の実施の形態6における画像読取装置506について説明する。尚、図22では、図示の煩雑さを避けるため、照明光源2及び原稿7の図示を省略している。
上述した2点の相違点を除き、実施形態3の画像読取装置503と、本実施形態6の画像読取装置506とにおいて、構成に変わりはない。したがって、画像読取装置506の構成について、ここでの詳しい説明は省略する。又、実施形態3の画像読取装置503が奏する上述した効果は、本実施形態6の画像読取装置506においても奏することができる。
隣接するセル間のピッチをCと置く。折曲げミラー114は、主走査方向211に隙間なく配列されており、第1反射面114aと第2反射面114bとのピッチもCである。ある一つのセルに着目したとき、その視野範囲は、Cよりも大きいが、その光量は、図24に示すように、視野端に行くに従い減少する。セル同士の境界付近では、隣接するセル同士で光強度を分割しながら、各々のセルで結像がなされる。分割して結像された像の光強度を加えると1になる。例えば、ちょうどセルの境界位置では、隣接するセル同士で光量が2分されるので、セルの中心領域と比較すると0.5の強度である。画像合成の際には、隣接するセル同士で視野が重複する領域の画像を用いれば良い。画像合成の方法は、実施の形態1の説明で述べた方法と同様である。
実施の形態1~5では、隣接セル間で重複する画像は光強度が低下することはなかったという点が、本実施形態6の場合と異なる。
さらに、一つの読み取りライン上の被撮像部31,32,…の画像を合成するので、メモリ5の容量が小さくて済むという効果もある。
図25を参照して、本発明の実施の形態7における画像読取装置507について説明する。
画像読取装置507は、実施の形態5における画像読取装置505の構造を基本的に採用し、画像読取装置505における第1折曲げミラー111及び第2折曲げミラー112を、実施の形態6にて採用した一つの折曲げミラー114に変更した構成を備える。
図30に示すように、システム本体から供給される、システムコントロール信号(SYC)及びシステムクロック信号(SCLK)信号に基づいて、処理装置6は、システムインターフェース1003を経由して、当該処理装置6のクロック信号(CLK)と、該クロック信号に同期したスタート信号(SI)を撮像素子部41…に出力する。上記クロック信号及びスタート信号によるタイミングにて、各画素(n)の連続したアナログ信号が読み取りライン(m)毎に撮像素子部41…から処理回路6へ出力される。上記アナログ信号について、図31に示す例では7200画素分が順次出力され、図32に示す分割出力とした例では、144画素が一つの単位として出力される。
このような一連の動作は、CPU1005の制御により行われる。
図30及び図33において、CPU1005に連動して、処理装置6は、光源点灯信号(LC)をONする。該光源点灯信号が供給されることで、光源駆動回路1006は、各発光源27に所定時間電源を供給して、RGB発光源27は、白色光を発する。
図35において、A/D変換された各々のRGB(SO)信号は、信号処理部1002に含まれるシフトレジスタ回路にて左シフトされ、シフトレジスタ回路で構成された各格納部に収納され、ラッチ(LA)される。ラッチされたデータは、ライト信号(WR)にて、順次、撮像素子部41…の1番目の格納部からSIG(SO)として並べ替えられ、RAM1004に収納される。そして上述したように、RAM1004に格納された画像データは、信号処理部1002にて補正演算処理が行われる。本実施の形態7の画像読取装置507では、2列の撮像素子部41、43、…と、撮像素子部42、44、…とが出力する両方の信号を処理することから、上記補正演算処理では、信号処理部1002に含まれ図35に示される、次段の、比較・照合・間引・修復回路1002aにて、それぞれの画像データがさらに信号処理される。
逆像データを並べ替えた後、RAM1004の一部であるRAM1に収納された、撮像素子部41、43、…からの画像データと、RAM1004の一部であるRAM2領域に収納された、撮像素子部42、44、…からの画像データとは、順次出力としてそれぞれシフトレジスタに入力される。これにより、図36に示すように、撮像素子部同士の境界領域に対応したRAM1とRAM2との各データが比較、照合される。即ち、隣接する撮像素子部では、副走査方向212において光の経路を反転させているので、一方の列にある撮像素子部のアレイと、他方の列にある撮像素子部のアレイとの隙間や、僅かな不要光の遮光板による反射等による、主走査方向211におけるゴーストを改善するために、比較・照合動作が実行される。
本発明は、添付図面を参照しながら好ましい実施形態に関連して充分に記載されているが、この技術の熟練した人々にとっては種々の変形や修正は明白である。そのような変形や修正は、添付した請求の範囲による本発明の範囲から外れない限りにおいて、その中に含まれると理解されるべきである。
Claims (8)
- 原稿の被撮像部に光を照射する光源と、
上記被撮像部で反射した上記光の散乱光を集光し画像として結像する結像光学系であって、主走査方向に複数個配置されそれぞれが独立した光学系で上記原稿側にテレセントリックな光学系を形成した複数のセルを有し、上記副走査方向には上記セルを第1列及び第2列の2列に配列し同列に配置される各セルにおける主光線の内上記原稿から各セルへ向かう光線が互いに平行であるように各セルを配置し、上記副走査方向における各セル間で結像画像が補完可能なように上記第1列及び上記第2列の各セルを上記主走査方向にて千鳥状に配置した結像光学系と、
それぞれの上記セルに対応して配置される複数の撮像素子部と、
上記副走査方向において対応する上記撮像素子部同士が送出する画像情報を記憶するメモリと、
上記メモリに記憶した上記画像情報を画像に復元し合成して原稿画像を作成する処理装置と、
を備えたことを特徴とする画像読取装置。 - 上記第1列に配置される各セルの主光線の内上記原稿から各セルへ向かう光線と上記第2列に配置される各セルの主光線の内上記原稿から各セルへ向かう光線とが上記第1列と上記第2列との隙間側へ傾斜した状態にて、上記第1列及び上記第2列に配置される各セルは配置されている、請求項1記載の画像読取装置。
- 上記原稿と上記セルとの間に設けられ、上記セルへ入射する上記散乱光の光路を折り曲げる折曲げミラーをさらに備えた、請求項1又は2記載の画像読取装置。
- 上記折曲げミラーは、上記副走査方向において別々の位置で上記主走査方向に沿って配置された、上記第1列の上記セルに対応した第1折曲げミラー及び上記第2列の上記セルに対応した第2折曲げミラーから構成される、請求項3記載の画像読取装置。
- 上記折曲げミラーは、上記副走査方向における一箇所にて上記主走査方向に沿って配置され、上記第1列の上記セルに対応した第1反射面、及び上記第2列の上記セルに対応した第2反射面から構成される、請求項3記載の画像読取装置。
- 上記セルは、上記原稿からの上記散乱光が入射する第1光学素子と、上記撮像素子部へ光を出射する第2光学素子とを有し、上記第1光学素子及び上記第2光学素子の少なくとも一つは反射型の集光素子である、請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の画像読取装置。
- 上記セルは、上記第1光学素子の後側焦点位置に配置され当該セルを上記原稿側にテレセントリックな光学系とする絞りをさらに有し、上記絞りの光通過領域はミラーにてなる、請求項6記載の画像読取装置。
- 各セルの転写倍率は1である、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の画像読取装置。
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US20110038019A1 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
CN101981910A (zh) | 2011-02-23 |
JPWO2009122483A1 (ja) | 2011-07-28 |
EP2259566A1 (en) | 2010-12-08 |
EP2259566B1 (en) | 2018-06-27 |
CN101981910B (zh) | 2013-04-03 |
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