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US3867867A - Cavities with fluent material - Google Patents

Cavities with fluent material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3867867A
US3867867A US360456A US36045673A US3867867A US 3867867 A US3867867 A US 3867867A US 360456 A US360456 A US 360456A US 36045673 A US36045673 A US 36045673A US 3867867 A US3867867 A US 3867867A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
fluent material
loading
borehole
explosive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US360456A
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English (en)
Inventor
John Sweton Duff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3867867A publication Critical patent/US3867867A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
    • F42D1/10—Feeding explosives in granular or slurry form; Feeding explosives by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
    • E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method for loading a fluent material, for example slurry explosive or cement grout, into a cavity, the material being fed through one end of a loading tube against a free double-acting piston in the loading tube and expelled through the same end into the cavity by pressurised fluid acting on the piston.
  • the invention also includes the cavity loading apparatus.
  • This invention relates to a method and apparatus for loading cavities with fluent materials in blasting or civil engineering operations.
  • the method is advantageous for loading cavities in underwater surfaces, for example, loading boreholes with slurry explosive for underwater blasting or loading underwater foundations with cement grout.
  • the use of slurry explosive in blasting operations is now widespread and it is common practice to load these explosives into boreholes in bulk by pumping through loading tubes as described, for example, in UK Pat. Specification No. 1,202,478.
  • the slurry usually contains oxygen-supplying salt, for example, ammo nium nitrate, a sensitiser and optionally additional fuel suspended in a saturated solution of the oxygensupplying salt, the solution usually containing a dissolved polymeric or macromolecular thickening agent.
  • the thickener is usually cross-linked in the explosive to stiffen the explosive to a thick gel and prevent segregation of the constituents.
  • the cross-linking agent When the explosive is loaded by pumping, the cross-linking agent is not usually added until immediately before the slurry is fed into the loading tube since the fully cross-linked slurry cannot be readily pumped. Thus, the cross-linking process commences when the slurry is in the loading tube and is completed in the borehole. In normal operations on dry land the loading tube is sufficiently short for the slurry to reach the borehole before the cross-linking develops sufficiently to impair the pumpability, but where the holes are located under deep water the loading tube has to be appropriately longer giving increased risk of the slurry cross-linking in the tube.
  • the dwell time in the tube being correspondingly lengthened.
  • the dwell time in the loading tube is increased with the risk of the cement setting in the tube.
  • a further object is to provide an improved method and apparatus whereby an underwater borehole may be loaded with slurry explosive for underwater blasting.
  • a cavity is loaded with a fluent material, for example, a slurry explosive or cement grout, by a method wherein the fluent material is loaded into a loading tube through one end of the loading tube against one side ofa double-acting piston, which is freely and slidably positioned within. and movable along the loading tube, and expelled through the same end into the cavity by applying a pressurised fluid through the other end of the loading tube against the other side of the piston to move: the piston along the tube.
  • a fluent material for example, a slurry explosive or cement grout
  • the pressurised fluid is conveniently compressed air or water.
  • one end of a loading tube with a double-acting piston located within it is conveniently attached to a supply of fluent material, the desired quantity of fluent material is fed into the tube, thereby moving the piston along the tube, the said end of the loading tube is detached from the supply of fluent material and inserted into the cavity, and compressed fluid is fed into the other end of the loading tube until the said fluentmaterial is displaced from the loading tube into the cavity.
  • the end of the loading tube containing the fluent material is sealed with an end-stopper after it is detached from the supply of fluent material to prevent spillage of material during transfer to the cavity.
  • the stopper should be removable by the pressure exerted on the fluent material to displace the fluent material from the tube.
  • the stopper may advantageously be the explosive priming charge.
  • the invention also includes an apparatus for loading a cavity with a fluent material, the apparatus comprising a loading tube having means for attaching one end to a supply of fluent material and the other end to a supply of fluid under pressure, and a double-acting piston freely and slidably positioned within, and movable along the loading tube whereby fluent material in the tube against one side of the piston may be displaced therefrom by feeding fluid under pressure into the tube against the other side of the piston.
  • the loading tube is preferably flexible to facilitate its insertion into irregular cavities. It is advantageously made of synthetic plastics material, for example, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or polypropylene, preferably reinforced with a filamentary material. The tube filling operation is facilitated if the tube is made of transparent material.
  • the double-acting piston may be disposable and ejected with each charge of fluent material but preferably the loading tube is provided with a stop member at the end through which the fluent material is displaced, to prevent the piston being ejected. More preferably the loading tube has a piston stop member at each end. The stops provide the further advantage that when the piston reaches a stop member the pressure on the piston increases, and indicates that the loading tube is either charged or discharged.
  • the piston preferably comprises a body member with resilient sealing members at its ends.
  • the body member may, for example, be made of rubber or synthetic plastics material and the sealing members may, if desired, be formed integrally with the body member. It is generally preferable for the piston body to be of a heavier material, such as a metal, for example, stainless steel, and the sealing members to be separate replaceable resilient sealing members of, for example, rubber, leather or synthetic plastics material.
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically in sectioned elevation a borehole loading tube being filled with slurry explosive
  • FIG. 2 is a section of the piston of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 show diagrammatically three stages of 5 the filling of a borehole with the apparatus shown in FIG. 1.
  • the loading tube in FIG. 1 is a long flexible hose of transparent reinforced plastics material having quick-clamping coupling spigot members 11 and 12 inserted one in each end.
  • a double-acting piston 13 located within the tube 10 and is freely movable along the tube between the coupling members 11 and 12 which act as'piston stops'As shown in FIG. 2 the piston 13 is fitted with sealing washers 14.
  • a flexible, rubber, annular sealing member 15 for sealing the space between the tube 10 and the borehole is fitted around the coupling member 12.
  • slurry explosive 16 is being filled into a loading tube 10 by clamping the coupling member 11 to a mating socket coupling member 17 on a pipe 18 from a pump 19, and pumping the slurry from a supply thereof.
  • the coupling member 11 When the desired quantity of slurry explosive appropriate for the charge in one borehole is filled into the tube 10, the coupling member 11 is disconnected from coupling member 17 and a pellet 20 of high explosive priming composition is inserted in the end of the member 11 to prevent spillage of explosive.
  • a line of detonating cord 21 is attached to the primer pellet 20 for initiating the primer and explosive.
  • the end of the tube 10 is then inserted through a drill casing 22 into an underwater borehole 23 as shown in FIG. 3 with the detonating cord 21 leading from the primer to the surface.
  • the coupling member 12 is connected to a compressed air supply line 24.
  • the air pressure acting on piston 13 expels the primer pellet 20 and slurry explosive l6 flows from the tube 10 into the borehole 23.
  • the pressure of the slurry explosive 16 on the annular sealing member 15 raises the tube 10 in the borehole (FIG. 4) as the slurry is expelled from the tube 10 into the borehole.
  • the piston 13 reaches the coupling member 11 (FIG. 5) the required charge is loaded in the borehole 23.
  • the tube 10 and casing 22 are withdrawn from the borehole and the charge is ready for firing subsequently by detonation of the detonating cord 21.
  • the tube 10 is then ready for connecting to coupling member 17 to receive a further charge of slurry explosive.
  • a method of loading a cavity with fluent material as recited in claim 1 comprising the further step of withdrawing said loading tube from said borehole after all of said fluent material is displaced from said tube into said borehole.
  • a method of loading a cavity with explosive fluent material as recited in claim 4 comprising the further step of withdrawing said loading tube from said cavity after all of said explosive fluent material is displaced from said tube into said cavity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
US360456A 1972-05-31 1973-05-15 Cavities with fluent material Expired - Lifetime US3867867A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2549272A GB1376833A (en) 1972-05-31 1972-05-31 Loading underwater cavities with fluent explosive material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3867867A true US3867867A (en) 1975-02-25

Family

ID=10228570

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US360456A Expired - Lifetime US3867867A (en) 1972-05-31 1973-05-15 Cavities with fluent material

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3867867A (no)
BE (1) BE800147A (no)
BR (1) BR7304090D0 (no)
ES (1) ES415368A1 (no)
FR (1) FR2186598A1 (no)
GB (1) GB1376833A (no)
IN (1) IN138253B (no)
IT (1) IT987849B (no)
NO (1) NO134024C (no)
ZA (1) ZA732948B (no)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000079212A1 (de) * 1999-06-18 2000-12-28 Dynaenergetics Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum setzen und zünden einer sprengladung für geologische untersuchungen und sprengvorrichtung
US20160362936A1 (en) * 2014-05-13 2016-12-15 Hypersciences, Inc. Ram accelerator system with endcap
US20170146325A1 (en) * 2015-11-19 2017-05-25 Electromechanica, Inc. Line charge
US9988844B2 (en) 2014-10-23 2018-06-05 Hypersciences, Inc. Ram accelerator system with rail tube
US10180030B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2019-01-15 Hypersciences, Inc. Ram accelerator system
US10329842B2 (en) 2015-11-13 2019-06-25 Hypersciences, Inc. System for generating a hole using projectiles
US10557308B2 (en) 2015-11-10 2020-02-11 Hypersciences, Inc. Projectile drilling system
US10590707B2 (en) 2016-09-12 2020-03-17 Hypersciences, Inc. Augmented drilling system
US10697242B2 (en) 2015-04-21 2020-06-30 Hypersciences, Inc. Ram accelerator system with baffles
CN113216833A (zh) * 2021-05-19 2021-08-06 新疆钢铁雅满苏矿业有限责任公司 一种地质找矿钻探装置
US11624235B2 (en) 2020-08-24 2023-04-11 Hypersciences, Inc. Ram accelerator augmented drilling system
US11719047B2 (en) 2021-03-30 2023-08-08 Hypersciences, Inc. Projectile drilling system
US12049825B2 (en) 2019-11-15 2024-07-30 Hypersciences, Inc. Projectile augmented boring system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108506027B (zh) * 2018-05-08 2024-01-05 晋能控股煤业集团有限公司 一种煤矿水害防治装置

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US913745A (en) * 1908-02-11 1909-03-02 Oliver F Malcolm Machine for fixing blasting charges.
US2026046A (en) * 1932-04-04 1935-12-31 Min A Max Co Grease gun
US2880913A (en) * 1957-05-31 1959-04-07 Francois A Peyron Tubes for dispensing pastes, creams and the like
US3040615A (en) * 1957-04-25 1962-06-26 Nitroglycerin Ab Device for loading bore-holes with explosive
US3075463A (en) * 1959-09-04 1963-01-29 Dow Chemical Co Well fracturing
US3188906A (en) * 1963-05-16 1965-06-15 Phillips Petroleum Co Expansible means for loading a shot hole
US3236268A (en) * 1963-04-26 1966-02-22 Gas Getter Co Inc Device for transferring liquid
US3244232A (en) * 1963-04-15 1966-04-05 Baker Oil Tools Inc Pressure actuated pushing apparatus
US3696703A (en) * 1969-08-22 1972-10-10 Ici Australia Ltd Blasting agent package

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US913745A (en) * 1908-02-11 1909-03-02 Oliver F Malcolm Machine for fixing blasting charges.
US2026046A (en) * 1932-04-04 1935-12-31 Min A Max Co Grease gun
US3040615A (en) * 1957-04-25 1962-06-26 Nitroglycerin Ab Device for loading bore-holes with explosive
US2880913A (en) * 1957-05-31 1959-04-07 Francois A Peyron Tubes for dispensing pastes, creams and the like
US3075463A (en) * 1959-09-04 1963-01-29 Dow Chemical Co Well fracturing
US3244232A (en) * 1963-04-15 1966-04-05 Baker Oil Tools Inc Pressure actuated pushing apparatus
US3236268A (en) * 1963-04-26 1966-02-22 Gas Getter Co Inc Device for transferring liquid
US3188906A (en) * 1963-05-16 1965-06-15 Phillips Petroleum Co Expansible means for loading a shot hole
US3696703A (en) * 1969-08-22 1972-10-10 Ici Australia Ltd Blasting agent package

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6520089B1 (en) * 1999-06-18 2003-02-18 Dynaenergetics Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for setting and igniting a charge of explosives for geological investigations and explosive device associated therewith
AU761850B2 (en) * 1999-06-18 2003-06-12 Dynaenergetics Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for setting and igniting a charge of explosives for geological investigations and explosive device associated therewith
WO2000079212A1 (de) * 1999-06-18 2000-12-28 Dynaenergetics Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum setzen und zünden einer sprengladung für geologische untersuchungen und sprengvorrichtung
US10180030B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2019-01-15 Hypersciences, Inc. Ram accelerator system
CN110005337A (zh) * 2014-05-13 2019-07-12 海普赛尔斯公司 带端帽的冲压加速器系统
US20160362936A1 (en) * 2014-05-13 2016-12-15 Hypersciences, Inc. Ram accelerator system with endcap
US10822877B2 (en) 2014-05-13 2020-11-03 Hypersciences, Inc. Enhanced endcap ram accelerator system
US10344534B2 (en) * 2014-05-13 2019-07-09 Hypersciences, Inc. Ram accelerator system with endcap
US9988844B2 (en) 2014-10-23 2018-06-05 Hypersciences, Inc. Ram accelerator system with rail tube
US10697242B2 (en) 2015-04-21 2020-06-30 Hypersciences, Inc. Ram accelerator system with baffles
US10557308B2 (en) 2015-11-10 2020-02-11 Hypersciences, Inc. Projectile drilling system
US10329842B2 (en) 2015-11-13 2019-06-25 Hypersciences, Inc. System for generating a hole using projectiles
US20170146325A1 (en) * 2015-11-19 2017-05-25 Electromechanica, Inc. Line charge
US10590707B2 (en) 2016-09-12 2020-03-17 Hypersciences, Inc. Augmented drilling system
US12049825B2 (en) 2019-11-15 2024-07-30 Hypersciences, Inc. Projectile augmented boring system
US11624235B2 (en) 2020-08-24 2023-04-11 Hypersciences, Inc. Ram accelerator augmented drilling system
US11976556B2 (en) 2020-08-24 2024-05-07 Hypersciences, Inc. Tunneling and mining method using pre-conditioned hole pattern
US11719047B2 (en) 2021-03-30 2023-08-08 Hypersciences, Inc. Projectile drilling system
CN113216833A (zh) * 2021-05-19 2021-08-06 新疆钢铁雅满苏矿业有限责任公司 一种地质找矿钻探装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IN138253B (no) 1976-01-10
IT987849B (it) 1975-03-20
BE800147A (fr) 1973-11-28
DE2327644A1 (de) 1974-01-03
NO134024B (no) 1976-04-26
DE2327644B2 (de) 1976-07-15
BR7304090D0 (pt) 1974-06-27
AU5525473A (en) 1974-11-07
GB1376833A (en) 1974-12-11
FR2186598A1 (no) 1974-01-11
NO134024C (no) 1976-08-04
ES415368A1 (es) 1976-02-01
ZA732948B (en) 1974-04-24

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