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US3413105A - Gasoline additive - Google Patents

Gasoline additive Download PDF

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Publication number
US3413105A
US3413105A US517898A US51789866A US3413105A US 3413105 A US3413105 A US 3413105A US 517898 A US517898 A US 517898A US 51789866 A US51789866 A US 51789866A US 3413105 A US3413105 A US 3413105A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
exhaust
additive
gasoline
internal combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US517898A
Inventor
Curtis P Parsons
Charles T Pumpelly
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dow Chemical Co
Original Assignee
Dow Chemical Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Dow Chemical Co filed Critical Dow Chemical Co
Priority to US517898A priority Critical patent/US3413105A/en
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Publication of US3413105A publication Critical patent/US3413105A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/23—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites
    • C10L1/231—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites nitro compounds; nitrates; nitrites

Definitions

  • This invention relates to new gasoline fuel compositions containing a new additive which reduces the emission of hydrocarbons in the exhaust of internal combustion engines operating on the fuel.
  • Atmospheric contamination by automobile exhaust is a great and growing problem toward the control of which increased attention is being directed.
  • Additives such as alcohol, diethyl ether and nitromethane have been added to gasoline for various reasons and many of them produce a reduction in the hydrocarbon content of the exhaust. This reduction, however, is little if any more than can be accounted for by the oxygen in the additive, i.e., these additives merely serve as an expensive source of oxygen, and the same reduction in hydrocarbon content of the exhaust can equally well be attained by merely adjusting the carburetor to provide a leaner fuel mixture (higher air-to-fuel ratio). While such leaner fuel mixtures reduce the hydrocarbon content of the exhaust, they are objectionable for other reasons, such as excessive rate and temperature of combustion, burning of valves, etc.
  • the addition to gasoline of a small proportion of dibromofluoronitromethane substantially reduces the hydrocarbon emission of engines using the improved fuel, this improvement being far greater than would be expected the leaning effect of the oxygen contained in the additive.
  • the engine can be operated with a normally rich fuel mixture and yet emit an exhaust having the low hydrocarbon content characteristic of that produced with lean fuel mixtures.
  • a gasoline fuel composition for internal combustion engines containing a minor proportion, effective to reduce the hydrocarbon content of the exhaust of an internal combustion engine operated on said fuel, of dibromofiuoronitromethane.
  • composition of claim 1 wherein the proportion of dibromofluoronitromethane is 1-5% by volume.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

United States Patent 3,413,105 GASOLINE ADDITIVE Curtis P. Parsons and Charles T. Pumpelly, Midland,
Mich, assignors to The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Mich., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed Jan. 3, 1966, Ser. No. 517,898 2 Claims. (Cl. 4472) This invention relates to new gasoline fuel compositions containing a new additive which reduces the emission of hydrocarbons in the exhaust of internal combustion engines operating on the fuel.
Atmospheric contamination by automobile exhaust is a great and growing problem toward the control of which increased attention is being directed.
Additives such as alcohol, diethyl ether and nitromethane have been added to gasoline for various reasons and many of them produce a reduction in the hydrocarbon content of the exhaust. This reduction, however, is little if any more than can be accounted for by the oxygen in the additive, i.e., these additives merely serve as an expensive source of oxygen, and the same reduction in hydrocarbon content of the exhaust can equally well be attained by merely adjusting the carburetor to provide a leaner fuel mixture (higher air-to-fuel ratio). While such leaner fuel mixtures reduce the hydrocarbon content of the exhaust, they are objectionable for other reasons, such as excessive rate and temperature of combustion, burning of valves, etc.
According to the invention, the addition to gasoline of a small proportion of dibromofluoronitromethane (referred to hereinafter as DFN) substantially reduces the hydrocarbon emission of engines using the improved fuel, this improvement being far greater than would be expected the leaning effect of the oxygen contained in the additive. Thus, the engine can be operated with a normally rich fuel mixture and yet emit an exhaust having the low hydrocarbon content characteristic of that produced with lean fuel mixtures.
The amount of DFN can be varied widely, depending 3,413,105 Patented Nov. 26, 1968 N o additive Additive 002 (percent) 11. 1 11. 4 02 (percent) 0.62 0. 94 N 2 (percent)- 82.8 80. 6 1. Zero 412 290 We claim:
1. A gasoline fuel composition for internal combustion engines containing a minor proportion, effective to reduce the hydrocarbon content of the exhaust of an internal combustion engine operated on said fuel, of dibromofiuoronitromethane.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the proportion of dibromofluoronitromethane is 1-5% by volume.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,274,666 3/1942 Clarke et a1. 44-57 2,583,048 l/ 1952 Hannum et a1. 44-72 2,838,387 6/1958 Rudel 44-79 3,133,844 5/1964 Royer et al. 149-89 3,159,686 12/1964 Burk et al. 260644 DANIEL E. WYMAN, Primary Examiner.
Y. H. SMITH, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A GASOLINE FUEL COMPOSITION FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES CONTAINING A MINOR PROPORTION, EFFECTIVE TO REDUCE THE HYDROCARBON CONTENT OF THE EXHAUST OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OPERATED ON SAID FUEL, OF DIBROMOFLUORONITROMETHANE.
US517898A 1966-01-03 1966-01-03 Gasoline additive Expired - Lifetime US3413105A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US517898A US3413105A (en) 1966-01-03 1966-01-03 Gasoline additive

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US517898A US3413105A (en) 1966-01-03 1966-01-03 Gasoline additive

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3413105A true US3413105A (en) 1968-11-26

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3945366A (en) * 1973-12-20 1976-03-23 Matthews Roe I Oxygen supply system for IC engines

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2274666A (en) * 1938-10-11 1942-03-03 Texas Co Diesel fuel
US2583048A (en) * 1952-01-22 Tetranitropropane
US2838387A (en) * 1954-01-20 1958-06-10 Exxon Research Engineering Co Improved fuel compositions
US3133844A (en) * 1961-11-17 1964-05-19 Aerojet General Co Ammonium nitrate explosives containing nitroalkanes
US3159686A (en) * 1963-07-29 1964-12-01 Dow Chemical Co Preparation of bromochloropicrins

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2583048A (en) * 1952-01-22 Tetranitropropane
US2274666A (en) * 1938-10-11 1942-03-03 Texas Co Diesel fuel
US2838387A (en) * 1954-01-20 1958-06-10 Exxon Research Engineering Co Improved fuel compositions
US3133844A (en) * 1961-11-17 1964-05-19 Aerojet General Co Ammonium nitrate explosives containing nitroalkanes
US3159686A (en) * 1963-07-29 1964-12-01 Dow Chemical Co Preparation of bromochloropicrins

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3945366A (en) * 1973-12-20 1976-03-23 Matthews Roe I Oxygen supply system for IC engines

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