TWI358291B - Antihypertensive pharmaceutical composition - Google Patents
Antihypertensive pharmaceutical composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI358291B TWI358291B TW092113236A TW92113236A TWI358291B TW I358291 B TWI358291 B TW I358291B TW 092113236 A TW092113236 A TW 092113236A TW 92113236 A TW92113236 A TW 92113236A TW I358291 B TWI358291 B TW I358291B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- combination
- valsartan
- amlodipine
- blood pressure
- day
- Prior art date
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- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 230000003276 anti-hypertensive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 3
- JZUFKLXOESDKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorothiazide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC2=C1NCNS2(=O)=O JZUFKLXOESDKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000004072 C09CA03 - Valsartan Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229960000528 amlodipine Drugs 0.000 claims description 26
- HTIQEAQVCYTUBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N amlodipine Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=C(COCCN)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OC)C1C1=CC=CC=C1Cl HTIQEAQVCYTUBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
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Description
1358291 玖、發明說明: 技術領域 本發明係關於一有機化合物組合,其係為抗高血壓藥劑 具有可作為引發血壓降低之作用的輔助模式,亦可作為減 輕高血壓和數種其他心血管疾病之各種續發症。而且,本 發明係以年齡和/或種族為基礎,說明人類對抗高血壓單 一治療之不同反應(Campo C,Segura J,Ruil〇pe [Μ,J Clin Hypertens(Greenwich) 2002 Jan, 4(1):35-40)。最後,在组 合方法中試劑之選擇及其個別劑量係利用和個別試劑有 關之劑量依賴副作用的最小化而設計以增強其耐受力。 先前技術 數種臨床研死顯示降低高血壓病人之血壓可降低死亡 率和罹病率(C〇Uins r,pet〇 R,MacMahon S,Hebert P, Fiebach NH, Eberlein KA, Godwin J, Qizilbash N, Taylor JO,
Hennekens CH,Lancet 1990, 335(8693):827-38)。不管此醫 學情況之治療中各種類之試劑的可獲性和使用性如何,血 壓的適當控制尚未能完全達成(Waeber B, Brunner HR,Am JHypwtens 1997, 10(7 Pt2):131S-137S)。使用試劑之組合 係達成此期望之治療終點的一種方法。含括在一組合治療 藥方中之不同分類的抗高血壓藥劑之獨斷性選擇並不必 然有助於高血壓哺乳動物包括人類達成血壓之目標值 (MacGregor GA, Markandu ND, Banks RA, Bayliss J, Roulston JE, Jones JC, Br Med J (Clin Res Ed), 284(63 1 7):693-6)。因此,需要更加發展出治療、組合和清 85159.doc 1358291 楚存在的醫藥組合物之方法。 發明内容 明確地,本發明係關於一醫藥組合物包含⑴一自肯德莎 藤錠(candesartan)、依普沙坦(eprosartan)、伊貝沙坦 (irbesartan)、羅沙坦(l〇sartan)、歐美沙坦(〇imesartan)、沙 普利/少坦(saprisartan)、他索沙坦(tasosartan)、替米沙坦 (telmisartan)、纈沙坦(vaisartan)、e-4177、SC-52458 和 ZD8731組成之群中選出之血管緊縮素受體(Type丨,ΑΤι)阻 斷劑(ARB),及其醫藥上可接受之鹽類;(ii)一自氨氯地平 (amlodipine)、非洛地平(felodipine)、伊拉地平(isradipine) ' 扛西地平(lacidipine)、尼卡地平(nicardipine)、硝苯地平 (nifedipine)、尼瓜地平(nigUidipine)、尼路地平(niiudipine)、 尼莫地平(nimodipine)、尼索地平(nisoldipine)、尼群地平 (nitrendipine)、尼瓦地平(nivaldipine)、羅希丁(ryosidine)、 安尼帕米(anipamil)、地爾硫(diltiazem)、芬地林 (fendiline)、.氣桂嗪(flunarizine)、加洛帕米(gaii〇pamu)、 米貝地爾(mibefradil)、普尼拉明(prenylamine)、戳帕米 (tiapam:il)和維拉帕米(verapamil)組成之群中選出之|弓通 道阻斷劑(CCB),及其醫藥上可接受之彼等鹽類;(iii) 一自 布美他尼(bumetanide)、利尿酸(ethacrynic acid)、速尿 (furosemide)、托拉塞米(torsemide)、阿米洛利(amiloride)、 安體舒通(spironolactone)、氨苯柴淀(triamterene)、氯塞酮 (chlorothalidone)、氣 p塞 '•秦(chlorothiazide)、雙氫克尿塞 (hydrochlorothiazide)、氫氟 α塞唤(hydroflumethiazide、甲 85159.doc 1358291 基氯噻嗪(methylchlorothiazide) ' 美托拉宗(met〇laz〇ne)、二 氣磺醯胺(dichlorphenamide)組成之群中選出之利尿劑,及 其醫藥上可接受之適當鹽類,即如果此利尿劑化合物並不 存在其醫藥上可接受之鹽類,例如此以氫氣嘍嗪 (hydrochlorothiazide)為例;視需要在一醫藥上可接受之載體 存在下。本發明更利用給予醫藥組合物包含⑴一血管緊縮 素文體阻斷劑(ARB),(ii)一鈣通道阻斷劑(CCB),(出)及— 利尿劑,予一哺乳動物包括人類,以提供治療高血壓和列 舉如下之各種心血管異常和其續發症之方法。 因此,本發明進一步關於一醫藥组合物或部件套組,例 如,作為選自下列組成之情況或疾病的治療或預防:高血 壓、心臟衰竭例如(急性和慢性)鬱血性心臟衰竭、左心室 功能異常和心肌肥大症、糖尿病性心、肌症、心、室上和心室 心律不整、心房纖維顫動 '心房撲動、決定性血管重建、 心肌梗塞及其續發症、動脈硬化、咽峽炎⑷“穩定或穩 定)、腎機能不全(糖尿病和非糖尿病)、心臟衰竭、心絞痛、 糖尿:、續發性腎上腺留鹽激素過多症、特發性和敘發性 肺性问..血壓、腎茨竭情況,例如糖尿病性腎病、腎絲球腎 炎、硬^症、腎絲球硬化症、主要腎臟疾病之蛋白尿,以 及腎血管高血壓、糖尿病性視網膜症,其他血管異常之管 理’例如偏頭痛、末梢血管疾病、雷諾氏症、管腔肥大症、 認知功能障礙(例如阿兹海默氏症)、青光眼和中風,其包 含⑴一由肯德莎藤鍵(candesartan)、依普沙、= (P tan)伊貝4坦(irbesartan)、羅沙坦(丨咖似小 85159.doc 1358291 歐美沙坦(olmesartan)、沙普利沙坦(saprisartan)、他索沙 坦(tasosartan)' 替米沙坦(telmisartan)、顯沙坦(valsartan)、 E-4177、SC-5245 8和ZD8731組成之群中選出之ARB或一醫 藥上可接受之彼等鹽類;和(ii)一自氨氣地平(amlodipine)、 非洛地平(felodipine)、伊拉地平(isradipine) '拉西地平 (lacidipine)、尼卡地平(nicardipine)、硝苯地平(nifedipine)、 尼瓜地平(niguldipine)、尼路地平(niludipine)、尼莫地平 (nimodipine)、尼索地平(nisoldipine)、尼群地平(nitrendipine)、 尼瓦地年(nivaldipine)、羅希丁(ryosidine)組成之群中選出 之CCB組成(或部分之套组),其全都屬於 dihydropyridines(DHPs)之群組以及非-DHP CCBs安尼帕米 (anipamil)、地爾硫(diltiazem)、芬地林(fendiline)、氟桂 (flunarizine)、加洛帕米(gallopamil)、米貝地爾(mibefradil)、 普尼拉明(prenylamine)、戳帕米(tiapamil)和維拉帕米 (verapamil) ’或一醫藥上可接受之彼等鹽類;以及(丨⑴一 自布美他尼(bumetanide)、利尿酸(ethacrynic acid)、速尿 (furosemide)、托拉塞米(torsemide)、阿米洛利(amil〇ride)、 安體舒通(spironolactone)、氨苯喋啶(triamterene)、氯塞鲷 (chlorothalidone)、氯違嗔(chlorothiazide)、雙氫克尿塞 (hydrochlorothiazide)、氫氟噻嗪(hydroflumethiazide、甲 基氯噻嗪(methylchlorothiazide)、美托拉宗(met〇iazone)、 二氯磺醯胺(dichlorphenamide)組成之群中選出之利尿 劑,或,如適合’亦包含其醫藥上可接受之彼等鹽類和一 醫藥上可接受之載體。 85159.doc -9- 1358291 本發明〈另一方面係作為選自下列組成之情況或疾病 的治療或預防之方法:高血壓、心、臟衰竭例如(急性和慢性) 鬱血性心臟衰竭、左心室功能異常和心肌肥大症、糖尿病 性心肌症、心室上和心室心律不整、心房纖維顫動、°心房 撲動、detrimental血管重建、心肌梗塞及其續發症、動脈 硬化、咽峽炎(不論不穩定或穩定)、腎機能不全(糖尿病和 非糖尿病)、心臟衰竭、心絞痛、糖尿病、續發性腎上腺留 鹽激素過多症、特發性和續發性肺性高血壓、腎衰竭情 況,例如糖尿病性腎病、腎絲球腎炎、硬皮症、腎絲球硬 化症 '主要腎臟疾病之蛋白尿,以及腎血管高血壓、糖尿 病性視網膜症,其他血管異常之管理,例如偏頭痛、末梢 血管疾病、雷諾氏症、管腔肥大症、認知功能障礙(例如阿 茲海默氏症)、青光眼和中風,包含施予一治療上有效量之 组合,s亥組合為⑴由肯德莎藤錠(candesartan)、依普沙坦 (eprosartan)、伊貝沙坦(irbesartan)、羅沙坦(i〇sartan)、 歐美沙坦(olmesartan)、沙普利沙坦(saprisartan)、他索沙 坦(tasosartan.)、.替米沙坦(teimisartan)、網沙坦(valsartan)、 E-4177'、.SC-52458和ZD873 1組成之群中選出之ARB或其醫 策上可接受之鹽類,和(ii)一自氨氣地平(amlodipine)、非 洛地平(felodipine)、伊拉地平(isradipine)、拉西地平 (lacidipine)、尼卡地平(nicardipine)、硝苯地平(nifedipine)、 尼瓜地平(niguldipine)、尼路地平(niludipine)、尼莫地平 (nimodipine)、尼索地平(nisoldipine)、尼群地平 (nitrendipine)、尼瓦地平(niValdipine)、羅希丁(ryosidine)組 85159.doc -10- 1358291 成之群中選出之CCB組成(或部件套組),其全都屬於 dihydropyridines(DHPs)之群組以及非-DHP CCBs安尼帕米 (anipamil)、地爾硫(diltiazem)、芬地林(fendiline)、氟桂嗔 (flunarizine)、加洛帕米(gallopamil)、米貝地爾(mibefradil)、 普尼拉明(prenylamine)、戳帕米(tiapamil)和維拉帕米 (verapamil),或其醫藥上可接受之鹽類;以及(iii)一自布 美他尼(bumetanide)、利尿酸(ethacrynicacid) ' 速尿 (furosemide)、托拉塞米(t〇rsemide)、阿米洛利(amil〇ride)、 安體弁通(spironolactone)、氨苯喋啶(triamterene)、氣塞酮 (chlorothalidone)、氣嘧嗪(chlor〇thiazide)、雙氫克尿塞 (hydrochlorothiazide)' 氫氟嘍嗪(hydr〇flumethiazide、甲 基氣嘍嗪(methylchlorothiazide)、美托拉宗(met〇laz〇ne)、 二氯磺醯胺(dichlorphenamide)組成之群中選出之利尿 劑,或’如適合,亦包含其醫藥上可接受之鹽類和醫藥上 可接受之載體組合予需要此治療之哺乳動物。 本發㈣關於將個別醫藥组合物組合成套組形式。其為 組合二或三項個別單位之套組:例如—包含細之醫藥扯 合物、·,包含咖之醫藥組合物,以及-包含利尿劑之醫 樂組合物;或-包含繼和利尿劑之醫藥組合物、 含CCB之醫藥組合物;或一包含咖和利尿劑之醫藥以 物,和一包含繼之醫藥組合物。儘管此套組形式特财 利於當個別組份必須以不同劑 剎里形式(例如靜脈注射纈沙 :配方和口服氣氯地平氨氣地平或雙氮投 時或在不同劑量間隔投藥時,此部件套組之單'二= 85159.doc -11 · 1358291 操任何限制需同時作用,在時間上連續或錯開給藥。 實施方式 在—較佳之具體實施例,此(商業)產品為一包含可作為 活性成分之根據本發明(以成分⑴至(iU)之二或三分離單 位之形式)組合而成之商業包裝,同時附有在本文提及之 疾病的發展延遲或治療中其同時'分開或連續使用,或其 任何組合,《使用說明。一較佳之商業包裝係該⑴和 孩利尿劑(iii)以迪歐文(co_DI〇VAN⑧)之形式存在,或此 ACE抑制劑⑴、該CCB(ii)和該利尿劑(丨⑴以迪歐文 (Co-DIOVAN®)和諾瓦薩克(N〇RVASC⑧)之形式存在。 本發明《醫藥製備物係為腸道給藥,例如口服,和直腸 或注射投藥予恒溫動物,並包含醫藥活性化合物或是單獨 或同時帶有習用醫學辅助物質之製備物。例如,該醫藥製 備物係由自約〇.1%至9〇%,較佳地係由來自大約磁 議,活性化合物組成。例如,作為腸道給藥或注料藥 之醫樂製備物係為例如單位劑形,如膜衣錠劑、錠劑、膠 囊或栓劑及破管。此此藥匈伤 五 上心 一柒^係以吾人所知又方法製備,例 如利㈣知之混合法、造粒法、膜衣法、溶解化 乾燥法。因此’作為口服用途之醫藥製備物可利用活性化 合物和固體賦形劑之組合而得,若需要可將此得到一 物加以粒化,且如需要或必 A , L. 週σ又辅助物質加 工此混ΰ物或粒化成錠劑或塗覆錠劑核。 該活性=物之劑量視多 溫血種族、年齡和/或個別情 ^ 根據本發明醫藥組合的 85159.doc •12- 1358291 活性成分之較佳劑量係為治療性有效劑量,特別是該等市 售可得之產品。一般,在口服給藥之情況,例如需為體重 75kg之病人估算,大約每天劑量為自約2〇mg至約9〇〇mg的 活性試劑,亦即ARB加上CCB加上利尿劑。 在本發明中較佳之ARBs為已標記之藥劑,例如纈沙坦和 羅沙坦。同樣應用於本發明所使用之CCBs,其中氨氯地平 和非洛地平係較佳。最佳之利尿劑為氫氯噻嗪 (hydrochlorothiazide; HCTZ)。 非常驚訝係發現一⑴ARB、(ii)CCB、和(iii)利尿劑之組 合及特別是一包含纈沙坦、氨氯地平、或HCTz&組合可 達成較大之治療效用,相較於單獨使用纈沙坦、氨氯地 平、或HCTZ或其中兩種該等藥劑之組合。較大功效也可 經文件證明為-具有加長之作用時^作用之時限可由立 在下次劑量前回復到基準之時間或以曲線(AUc)下之面積 偵測,並以可改變毫米录柱(mmHg)血壓及作用時限(分、 時或天)之產品來表現。前述之組合治療亦不預期地降低高 血壓哺乳動物之血壓於—平順和維持之形式。^高血壓 比可由始合證明其接近—定值,在交互劑量期間引發較 均-之血壓控制。,匕組合療法幾乎完全不會發生直立 (⑽。伽响血壓或首劑量高血壓1治療終止後復發高 血壓之發生率極為少見。卜 、一 ’◊、不依據本發明之組合治療造 成鬲血壓哺乳動物脈壓之降 ‘、 再者,本組合治療可改善高 入 &哺札動物您内皮功能不 王並改善其血管順應性,其 、 ’成邊哺乳動物之心臟、腎 85159.doc -13- 1358291 臟和腦末端器官傷害。進一步之好處為將較低劑量可使用 之個別藥物根據本發明組合以降低劑量,例如,所需劑量 不只較少且服用次數亦較少,或可用以減少副作用之發生 率。令人驚訏的是,纈沙坦、氨氯地平、或HCTZ之組合 有意義地減少有關於單獨用氨氯地平加以治療之哺乳動 物中觀察到之末梢水腫之發生率。同時,以纈沙坦、氨氯 地平、或HCTZ之組合配方治療之哺乳動物中,其HCTZ驚 奇地減弱了其對於血脂值、血糖值和尿酸值之不良影響。 特定而言,纈沙坦或其醫藥可接受之鹽類、氨氯地平或 其醫藥可接受之鹽類,和HCTZ之組合給藥,相較於單一 治療或組合治療如顯沙坦和HCTZ,於較大比例之治療病 人中,造成顯著反應,亦即,不管此情況之潛在病因,將 造成一較大反應物(responder)率結果。此符合接受治療之 病人的期望和需要。組合治療能有效降低所有年齡族群包 括停經前和後婦女之高血壓病人的血壓。此顯示利用纈沙 坦、氨氯地平、或HCTZ之組合治療造成一較有效率之抗 高血壓治療(不論是治療惡性、特發性、腎血管性、糖尿 病性、·隔離收縮期或其他續發性種類之高血壓)並經功效 之改善降低脈壓。此组合對於心臟衰竭如(急性和慢性)鬱 血性心臟衰竭、左心室功能異常和心肌肥大症、糖尿病性 心肌症、心室上和心室心律不整、心房纖維顫動、心房撲 動、決定性血管重建之治療或預防亦為有用的。其更顯示 纈沙坦、氨氣地平、或HCTZ之組合治療在心肌梗塞及其 續發症之治療和預防中經證實具有好處。纈沙坦、氨氯地 85159.doc -14- 二或:CTZ《组合對於治療動脈硬化、咽峽炎(不論不穩 疋或4疋)' 腎機能不全(糖尿病和非糖尿病)、末梢血管疾 T、認知功能障礙和中風亦為有用的。而且,藉由使㈣ :少坦、氨氯地平、或赠Z之组合治療在内皮功能之改善 p 内皮功⑨遭到破壞之疾病如心臟衰竭、心鉸痛 2糖尿涡提供幫助。而且,本發明之組合係可用以作為續 :性腎土腺留鹽激素過多症、特發性和敛發性肺性高血 姿、腎哀竭情況’例如糖尿病性腎病、腎絲球腎炎、硬皮 巧’糸球硬化症、主要腎臟疾病之蛋白尿,以及腎血管 间血壓、糖尿病性視網膜症,其他血管異常之管理,例如 t痛、末梢血管疾病'雷諾氏症'管腔肥大症、認知功 此P早礙(例如阿茲海默氏症)、青光眼和中風之治療或預 防。此組合療法亦驚奇地降低心、腎'腦末端器官傷害之 •展速率制功效、安全性和耐受性之強化,此藥物之 組t在本發明中顯示亦具有潛力可提升病人之順應性,此 為向血壓之醫藥治療中最主要之一種考量。 说熟習此項適切技藝者係完全能選擇一適當試驗模型,以 證明本發明之組合在本文中顯示其治療功效前和此後之 功效。 _ 本组合<好處係在一臨床研究中或在此後主要描 述之戟驗方法中得到證實。很多用來測試我們的組合之臨 :九榀足已為熟g此項技藝者所熟知。用以展現此新奇 組合之非預期好處的臨床實驗之—實例已4waeberB等人 所描述(J Hypertens· 2001 Νον; 19(11):2097_104)。同方法 85159.doc -15- 1358291 已在吾人之較佳組合中執行,例如一類沙坦8Omg、氨氯地 平12.5mg、和HCTZ 5mg之組合,較佳為固定劑量之組合。 本方法係以引用的方式將該應用併入本公開案中。 代表性研究將由應用於下列方法學中之纈沙坦、氨氯地 平和HCTZ之一組合來進行。藥物功效可在多種動物模式 包括去氧可體酮酷酸鹽鼠(Deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt rat; DOCA)和同時患有高血壓之老鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rat; SHR)中進行評估,不論是維持在一正常含鹽飲食或是給予 鹽負荷(salt loading)(含4-8%鹽在老鼠食物中或將l%NaCl 當成飲用水)。 DOCA-鹽試驗模式可利用一急性或慢性研究方法。一急 性研究方法係關於利用裝有股動脈和動脈導管之老鼠來 進行各種試驗物質在超過六小時試驗期間之有效性評’ 估。急性研究方法係以其在DOCA-鹽高血壓之建立相期間 降低高血恩之能力來評價試驗物質。相對地,慢性研究方 法係以其在DOCA-鹽高血壓之發展相期間預防或延遲高 血塵之升高之能力來評估試驗物質。因此,在慢性研究方 法中將以一放射線傳送器來偵測血壓。此放射線傳送器係 在DOCA-鹽治療開始前且因此在高血壓之發生前以手術 移植入老鼠之腹動脈中。血壓經長期偵測達六星期之期間 (大約在以DOCA-鹽給藥之前一星期且其後維持五星期)。 老鼠係以氧氣吸入物中含2-3°/〇異敦燒(isoflurane)接著 以胺美托納(Amytal sodium) (amobarbital) 1 00 mg/kg,腹腔 85159.doc -16- 1358291 麻醉量係利用一穩定之有規律之呼吸 内注射,進行麻醉 模式加以評估。 急性研究方法: 老鼠在DOCA移植時接受—單側腎切除手術,剪除左側 和巧後的毛並以播菌酒精棉和聚乙缔峨p各酮/琪擦拭。手 術進行期間將老鼠放置在—加熱塾上以維持體溫在37。〇。 在皮膚和皮下肌肉割一 2〇mm之切口使左腎暴露出來。將 腎臟周J組織清除。並從腹部取出且用兩條結紮線(3_〇絲) 堅固地綁在腎動脈和靜脈周圍靠近其與主動脈相接處。之 後將腎動脈和靜脈切斷並切除腎臟。肌肉和皮膚傷口分別 以4-0絲線缝合並以不鏽鋼傷口夾使之閉合。同時,在頸後 切一 15mm切口並在皮下植入一含有去氧可體松酮 (de〇XyCorticosterone)乙酸(1〇〇mg/kg)之三星期釋出藥丸(美國 佛羅里達沙拉莎塔市(Sarasota)之新研究)。之後用一不鏽 鋼夾將傷口夹住且兩傷口皆以聚乙烯吡咯酮/碘處理;給 予老鼠 Procaine 盤尼西林 g(100,000U)和 buprenorphine (0.05-0. lmg/kg)之手術後肌肉注射。將老鼠立刻放置在 l°/〇NaCl + 0.2%KCl飲用水中;此治療在動物以轉變成高血 壓且衿實驗進行中持續治療至少三星期。 動物在實驗前5 8小時,先用異氟烷消毒並在股動脈和靜 脈植入導管以測量血壓、收集血液和試驗化合物之給藥。 將老鼠關在一 Plexiglas籠中48小時使之恢復。 慢性研究方法: 85159.doc -17- 1358291 此方法和上述相同,除了在單側腎切除手術和DOCA和 鹽之起始前7-10天將一無線傳送器植入老鼠體内。此外, 老鼠並沒有進行手術以放置股動脈和靜脈導管。植入無線 傳送器如Μ. K. Bazil, C. Krulan和R. L. Webb患有高血壓之 有意識老氣之心血管參數的自動測量偵測.J. Cardiovase. Pharmacol. 22:897-905, 1993.中之說明。 之後在電腦中設定試驗以在預先決定之時間點進行血 壓、心跳速率等之測量。在各個時間點且經過數個時間區 間收集基準數-據。例如,基準或預劑量值一般包含在給藥 前超過三個連續的24小時時間週期之數據收集和平均。 在給藥前、給藥期間和給藥後之各預先選定之時間點決 定血壓、心跳速率和活動。所有測量都在未受限和未受干 擾之動物中進行。由電池壽命決定之最大研究時間可能長 達九個月。在此持續期間之研究,口服給予老鼠劑量(1 -3 ml/kg),部超過一天兩次或經由飲用水或和食物混合給 藥。在一較短持續持續期間之研究,也就是,最多八星期, 經皮下植入滲透式迷你幫浦而給藥。滲透式迷你幫浦係以 藥物傳:送速率和時間為選擇基準。纈沙坦劑量範圍從1至 1 00 mg/kg/day,氨氯地平之計量範圍從1至75mg/kg/day, 以及kCTZ劑量範圍從1至75mg/kg/day。 此外,SHR可用以研究纈沙坦和氨氯地平以及HCTZ組合 之效用。SHR之高血壓背景可利用慢性鹽類負荷以致力於 壓制RAAS上或慢性鹽類耗損以活化在SHR中之RAAS。此 些操作將說明如何更廣地評估各種試驗物質之功效。實驗 85159.doc -18 - 1358291 同時在由紐約州傑曼市塔可妮農場(Taconic Farms,
Germantown, New York)提供之高血壓老鼠(SHR)身上進 行。將一無限電儀器裝置(Data Sciences International Inc., St. Paul,Minnesota)植入年齡介於14至16週間之所有試驗 動物的較低腹主動脈中。給予所有SHR在實驗開始前至少2 週從植入手術方法中恢復。心血管參數持續經由無線傳送 器連續偵測,並傳送至一具有數位化訊號之接收器,之後 利用一電腦化數據獲取系統加以收集並儲存。有意識、可 自由活動且不_受干擾之SHR在籠中偵測其血壓(意指動脈 壓、收縮壓和舒張壓)和心跳速率。每1〇分鐘測量其動脈血 壓和心跳速率10秒鐘並記錄。為每一隻老鼠所做之數據記 錄代表超過一 24小時期間所平均之平均值,且每天最多收 集到144份1 〇分鐘樣本。血壓和心跳基準值包含三次連續 24小時讀值之平均值,此讀值係在藥物治療開始前得到。 所有老鼠個別住在一控制溫度和溼度之房間且維持在一 12小時之明暗週期。 除了心血管參數外,所有老鼠亦需記錄每星期身體重量 之決定.。治療係在飲用水中給藥,並經由如上述之每日口 灌食法或以滲透式迷你幫浦。如以飲用水給藥,每星期應 測量五次水消耗量。個別老鼠之纈沙坦 '氨氯地平和HCTZ 劑量之後將以每隻老鼠之水消耗量、藥物物質在飲用水中 之濃度以及個別體重為基準來計算。所有在飲用水中之藥 物溶液每三至四天會重新配製。在.飲_甩支J之典型 劑量範圍從m〇〇jn^/kg/day,氨H平之劑―量—範圍從!至 85159.doc -19- 1358291 75 mg/kg/day,且 HC丁Z之劑量範圍從 11 75 mg./Jcg/4ay。在 _一. 大部分情況中,當以單一治療方式給藥時每曰劑量將不會 超過100 mg/kg/day。在組合治療中,使用每種藥劑之較低 劑量,且同時給予範圍1至30 mg/kg/day之顯沙坦,以及給 予劑量少於50 mg/kg/day之氨氯地平和HCTZ。 當由口灌食法給藥時,纈沙坦之劑量範圍從1至50 mg/kg/day且氨氯地平和HCTZ劑量分別都不超過75
mg/kg/day ° 在慢性研究完成時,需麻醉SHR或DOCA-鹽老鼠,獲得 之血液樣本可作為生化學分析和心臟之快速移除。分離和 移除動脈附屬物後,左心室和左加右心室(全部)需加以秤 重並記錄。左心室和總心室質量之後將經正常化得到體重 並加以記錄。
在治療後應評估血管之功能和結構以評估組合作用之 有益功效。根據Intengan HD,Thibault G, Li JS, Schiffrin EL,Circulation 1999,100(22):2267-2275 所述之方法研究 SHR。同樣地,用以評估DOCA-鹽老鼠之血管功能的方法 學係.揭述在 Intengan HD, Park JB, Schiffrin EL, Hypertension 1999,34(4 part 2):907-913 中。利用組合配方 治療之後的血管順應性和擴張度之評估可根據Ceiler DL, Nelissen-Vrancken HJ, De Mey JG, Smits JF, J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1998, 3 1(4):630-7所描述之方法進行。在鹽負荷 中風伏臥(salt-loaded stroke-prone)因高血壓造成心、腎和 腦傷害之病情好轉可在接受組合配方治療後根據Nagura J, 85159.doc -20- 1358291
Yamamoto M, Hui C, Yasuda S, Hachisu M, Konno F, Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1996, 23(3):229-35描述之方法加以 評估。組合治療在SHR中引發姿態性或直立性低血壓之傾 向可根據Nabata H,Aono J, Ishizuka N,Sakai K, Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1985, 277(1):104-18 中描述之方法加以 評估。因組合配方產生週邊水腫之趨勢可利用Lacolley P, Poitevin P, Koen R, Levy BI, J Hypertens 1998, 16(3): 349-55中描述之方法加以評估。
纈沙坦之供應以適合之劑量單位形式之形式,例如,膠 囊或錠劑,.並包含一可應用在病人之纈沙坦的治療有效 量’例如從20到大約320或640mg。此活性成分之供應一天 可發生最多三次’例如從一天20mg或40mg之纈沙坦開始, 增加至每天80mg且增加至每天I60mg更高達每天320mg或. 640mg。較佳係每天分別供應每個心臟衰竭病人一天一次 或一天兩次之一次80mg或1 60mg劑量之纈沙坦。例如,在 上午、中午或是在晚上服用適當之劑量,在心臟衰竭中較 佳之給藥方式為·一天一次或一天兩次。 在氧氯地平之例中,較佳劑量單位形式係如錠劑或膠 囊,包含一天之口服給藥如從約1 m g至約6 0 m g,較佳為2.5 至20mg,或更佳為一天2.5和l〇mg之間。 在HCTZ之例中,較佳劑量單位形式係如錠劑或膠囊, 包含一天一次口服給藥如從約5mg至約200 mg,較佳為從 、·’勺5〇mg至約1 50 mg,甚至更佳為一天25mg至約lOOmg和甚 至更加為從約5mg至25mg。 85159.doc -21 - 1358291 一較佳之組合實例包含一網沙坦之量介於60和lOOmg之 間如80mg,一氨氯地平之量介於2和12mg之間如2.5或5mg 且一 HCTZ之量介於8至16mg之間如12.5mg。 另一較.佳之组合實例包含一纈沙坦之量介於140和 180mg之間如160mg,一氨氯地平之量介於2和12mg之間如 2.5或5或10mg且一 HCTZ之量介於8至16mg之間如12.5mg。
另一較佳之組合實例包含一纈沙坦之量介於14〇和 180mg之間如160mg,一氨氯地平之量介於4和12mg之間如 5或10mg且一 HCTZ之量介於20至30 mg之間如25 mg。 (i) 一 ARB,(Π) — CCB,及(iii)一利尿劑之組合可根據本 發明製造而得並以個別之醫藥活性藥劑之游離或固定劑 量給藥。以游離組合之治療方式開始可能有助益,此可使 每一個別藥劑之給藥劑量容易調整。當達到理想劑量配 方,一般依接受治療之個別的特定情況而定,個別體重, 其他之個別給藥及其類似物時,可在一天給藥一次或如一
天兩次或三次為可能且達成一足夠之血壓控制之案例 中,給予一固定劑量組合之藥物,。 目前:較佳為組合兩種組份(i)至(iii),且同時或不同時分 開投予第三種藥物。
纈沙坦以商標名迪歐文(Di〇van⑧)上市。纈沙坦和HCTZ 以商標名科迪歐文(C〇-Di〇van®)上市且氨氯地平以商標名 那瓦薩克(N〇rvasc(E))上市。戶斤有該等上市產品可根據切 明利用其類用以作為組合治療。 以下實例係用以例示上述之本發明,其並未欲以任何方 85159.doc -22· 1358291 式限,本發明範圍。 調配實例1 : ^^_j:(Diovan®)錠劑之組成及其分批量 成分 每單位组成(mg) 每批量(kg) 粒化 40mg 80mg 160mg 320mg 40mg 80mg 160mg 320mg 迪歐文藥物物質 — . 40.000 80.000 160.000 320.000 144.000 144.000 144.000 144.000 微晶體 纖維素(NF,Ph, Avicel PH 102 27.000 54.000 108.000 216.000 97.200 97.200 97.200 97.200 Crospovidone (NF, Ph, Eur.) 7.500 15.000 30.000 60.000 27.000 27.000 27.000 27.000 膠體無水矽土 (Ph,Eur.) /膠體二氧化矽 (NF)/Aerosil 200 0.750 1.500 3.000 6.000 2.700 2.700 2.700 2.700 硬脂酸鎂(NF,Ph,Eur.) 1.500 3.000 6.000 12.000 5.400 5.400 5.400 5.400 混合 硬脂酸鎂(NF,Ph,Eur.) 0.750 1.500 3.000 6.000 2.700 2.700 2.700 2.700 包衣 DIOLACK Gelb F32892 2.800 11.0902 DIOLACK Blassrot F34899 6.000 12.4203 DIOLACK Hellbraun F32892 9.000 9.7204 DIOLAC KBraun F16711 16.000 8.6404 純水 62.843 70.380 55.080 48.960 總錠劑/批重量 80.300 161.000 319.000 636.000 289.080 289.800 287.100 286.200 1每批中粒化之二次分類之總數 2在包覆膜衣時將製造一過量1 〇%之膜衣溶液以作為流失用。 3在包覆膜衣時將製造一過量15%之膜衣溶液以作為流失用。 4在包覆膜衣時將製造一過量20%之膜衣溶液以作為流失用。 •23- 85159.doc 1358291 迪歐拉(Diolack)之组合 迪歐拉 HPMC USP/Ph. Eur(603) PEG 8000 USP/Ph.Eur 二氧 化鈦 (白) USP/P h.Eur 氧化鐵 (紅) P. Fr/NF/ E172/CFR /CI77491 氧化鐵 (黃) P. Fr/NF/ E172/CFR /CI77492 氧化鐵 (褐) 紅氧化 鐵&黑 氧鐵混 合物 氧化鐵 (黑) E172/CFR /CI77499 Gelb F32892 80.00% 4.00% 13.48 % 0.01% 2.50 % - 0.01% Blassrot F34899 80.00% 4.00% 15.50 % 0.40% 0.10% - - Hellbraun F33172 80.00% 4.00% 9.34% 0.25% 6.40 % - 0.01% Braun F16711 80.00% 4.00% 14.00 % 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% --迪歐文藥物物質、微晶體纖維素、crospovidone、膠 體無水矽土(Ph,Eur.) /膠體二氧化矽(NF)/Aerosil 200、二 氧化矽和部分硬脂酸鎂之混合物係預混合在一擴散混合 器中之後經由一篩選磨機過篩。此結果混合物再度在一擴 散混合器預混合,並在一滾筒擠壓機擠壓,之後並經由一 篩選磨機過篩。將其餘之膠體無水矽土(Ph,Eur.) /膠體二氧 化碎(NF)/Aerosil 200加入此結果混合物中,並在一擴散混 合器中做最後攪拌。整個混合物在一滾筒製錠機上壓成錠 並在一孔盤上利用一迪歐拉之適合組合之膜在鍵;劑表面 加上膜,衣。 24- 85159.doc 1358291 配方實例2 : 科迪歐文(Co-Diovan®)鍵劑之组成及含量 成分 每單位组成(mg) 每單位組成(mg) 每單位組成 (mg) 粒化 迪歐文(Diovan)藥物物質 80.000 160.000 160.00 愛希瑞克思(Esidrex)藥物物質 (微粒) 12.500 12.500 25.00 微晶體 纖維素(NF,Ph, Eur.) Avicel PH 102 31.500 75.500 63.00 Crospovidone(NF? Ph, Eur.) 20.000 40.000 40.00 膠體無水矽土 (Ph,Eur.)/ 膠體二氧化矽(NF)/Aerosil 200 1.500 3.00 3.00 硬脂酸鎂(NF,Ph,Eur.) 3.000 6.000 6.00 混合 硬脂酸鎂(NF, Ph,Eur.) 1.500 3.000 3.00 包衣 歐普瑞(Opadry)黑 OOF 17713 - - 0.096 歐普瑞(Opadry)紅 OOF 15613 - - 0.762 歐普瑞(Opadry)黃 OOF 12951 - - 3.808 歐普瑞(Opadry)白 OOF 18296 - - 5.334 羥基丙烷甲基纖維素 2.76 5.510 - 氧化鐵黃 0.025 - - 氧化鐵紅 :· 0.025 0.750 - 聚乙烯Glycol 8000 0.50 1.000 - Talc - 2.000 3.990 - 二氧化鈦 0.70 0.750 - 總錠劑/批重量 156.000 312.00 310.00 85159.doc -25 - 1358291 歐普瑞(Opadry)之組合 迪歐拉 HPMC USP/Ph. Eur(603) PEG 4000 USP/Ph .Eur 滑石 USP/Ph. Eur 二氧化 鈦(白) USP/Ph. Eur 氧化鐵 (紅) P.Fr/NF/ E172/C FR/CI77 491 氧化鐵 (黃) P.Fr/NF/ E172/C FR/CI77 492 氧化鐵 (黑) E172/C FR/CI77 499 歐普瑞 白 00F 18296* 71.4% 7.15% 7.15% 14.3% 歐普瑞 紅 00F 15613* 71.4% 7.15% 7.15% 14.3% 歐普瑞. 黃00F 15613* 71,4% 7.15% 7.15% 14.3% 歐普瑞 00F177 13* 71.4% 7.15% 7.15% 14.3% 一迪歐文藥物物質、愛希瑞克思(Esidrex)藥物物質、微晶 體纖維素、crospovidone、膠體無水石夕土(Ph,Eur.) /膠體二 氧化矽(NF)/Aerosil 200、二氧化矽和部分硬脂酸鎂之混合 物係預混合在一擴散混合器中之後經由一篩選磨機過 篩。此結果混合物再度在一擴散混合器預混合,並在一滾 筒擠壓機擠壓,之後並經由一篩選磨機過篩。將其餘之膠 體無水矽土(Ph,Eur.) /膠體二氧化矽(NF)/Aerosil 200加入 此結果混合物中,並在一擴散混合器中做最後攪拌。整個 混合物在一滾筒製錠機上壓成錠並在一孔盤上利用一歐 普瑞之適合组合之膜在錠劑表面加上膜衣。 85159.doc -26- 1358291 配方實例3 : 顯沙坦和氨氯地平之組合成分和含量 成分 每單位组成(mg) 組成(%) 迪歐文藥物物質 80.00 43.02 氨氯地平藥物物質 6.94 3.73 Avicel 102(1) 54.00 29.04 Avicel 102(11) 20.00 10.76 Crospovidone(I) 15.00 8.07 Crospovidone(II) 4.0 2.15 . Cab-O-Sil 1.50 0.81 硬脂酸鎂(I) 3.00 1.61 硬脂酸鍈(π) 1.50 0.81 185.94 100.00 此錠劑基本上可如實例1調配物中所述製造。 85159.doc 27-
Claims (1)
1358291 第092113236號專利申請案 中文申請專?換本㈣〇_争11月). 拾、申請專利範圍: ! ?·. ί e - 1 1. 一種抗南血壓醫藥組合物,其包含20mg至640mg之绳沙 坦(valsartan)或其醫藥上可接受之鹽類、1 mg至60 mg之 氨氣地平(amlodipine)或其醫藥上可接受之鹽類及5 mg 至200 mg之氫氣p塞嗪(hydrochlorothiazide)或其醫藥上可 接受之鹽類。 2.根據申請專利範圍第2項之抗高血壓醫藥組合物,其中綠 沙坦之含量係從40 mg至320 mg’氨氣地平之含量係從 2.5mg至10mg,且氫氯噻嗪之含量係從5mg至25mg。 85159-1001111.doc
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