TWI343310B - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einbringung von zusatzstoffen - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einbringung von zusatzstoffen Download PDFInfo
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- TWI343310B TWI343310B TW96143889A TW96143889A TWI343310B TW I343310 B TWI343310 B TW I343310B TW 96143889 A TW96143889 A TW 96143889A TW 96143889 A TW96143889 A TW 96143889A TW I343310 B TWI343310 B TW I343310B
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- container
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Description
1343310 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種如申請專利範圍第1項之前言 (preamble)的方法以及一種如申請專利範圍第1〇項之前 言的裝置,用以實施該方法。 【先前技術】 在習知技術中,已有大量已知從上方將液體添加劑嘴 注至塑膠材料上,或者在流體床過程(fluid bed process)中將 其添加的處理方法和使用裝置。 由美國專利第4,522,957號能夠獲知在混合器内將液體 添加劑添加至塑膠顆粒的技術。 在專利WO 00/38895中,為減少塵害和灰塵的形成, 進一步改進了該類處理方法,在第一步,於逆向流程序中, 在喷霧室内將液體添加劑喷注至塑膠顆粒上,接著進行靜 態混合製程。 在專利EP 7624中,亦即於惰性氣體流中,將液體添 加劑添加至塑膠顆粒。 在專利W0 84/02530中,塑膠顆粒首先被迴旋進連續 混合器内,在擾動態(turbulent state)下,於氣流中以高熱液 體添加劑將塑膠顆粒潤濕。 μ 由專利W0 9425509中所得知處理方法中,經由噴嘴, 在混合裝置中以液體添加劑使聚合物顆粒潤濕,而為了改 善潤濕度,塑膠顆粒的表面為不規則構造或者為粗糙表面。 在專利WO 2006/010291中描述的方法和混合裝置 中,經由混合器令的注射裝置將液體添加劑添加至塑膠顆 粒,形成混合物後,接著到達擠壓機。 此外,從專利EP 9817中也可得知一方法,在該方法 5 1343310 中,首先以“偶合劑,,或者載體將塑膠顆粒潤濕,以確保在 塑膠顆粒的表面上獲得較佳的液體添加劑分配。特別值得 一提的是,將石蠟或類石蠟物質作為偶合劑。 力方法中,_添加劑添 =成管狀鑄件’而粉狀固體則從“狀‘:::心 來達成。 ,而,此類方法主要僅適合於高流動性 ,口劑’但對高黏性、流動緩慢 適。=實例中,塑膠材料的潤濕並不完 古、^果將1^雛的添加劑加熱至較高溫度,儘管能夠以 置的導致配料時的困難性或不正確性,並造成裝 【發明内容】 且呈ί::的:輕易 '均勻地將非乾燥 非期望處造成污染。、、加,並能夠防止沉積物在 k些目的分別係藉由申請專利範圍第卜⑴項的技術 6 1343310 特徵來達成。 本發明的方法及其裝置使得添加劑或塗層物質可非常 均-、均勻、有利地應用於碎片的、顆粒狀材料,以此達 到材料顆粒的表面完全潤濕的效果。 此外’根據本發明的方法,因為所使用添加劑的全部 用量皆被直接導入材料顆粒中,添加劑沉積的情況沒有可 能,生’所以即使最少量的添加劑也能被精確地配製。尤 其是’可保縣加劑不會直接與容器或者反應器的任何 ^部件接觸’如料會導致在反應㈣的础望處出現由 派縮、或者固化的添加劑的材料沉積所引起的任 繁清洗。與將添加劑從上_ 物或者帶有添加劑的灰塵可大幅減 :轉:此!^ 者攜帶添加劑並流出那裡。 X取或 因此,藉由本發明的方法,整個表 加劑被最佳地分佈在_的混合物巾。 Ί、’且添 優點在申請專利範圍的附屬項中,將可發現本發明的其他 設置在容器二個送料裝置係 該容器。 次者攸5亥奋益側壁的内側通向 有多種將送料裝置連接並設置 疋,將多個送料裝置設置在容器底部上方或者 7 1343310 且較佳將該些祕裝置均自地分佈在容 另-可能性是將各個送料裝置排列成直線的垂直行 (stmlght vert— _),或者彼此疊在頂端對角線地向上延 伸排成-列,視需要偏置或呈螺旋的形式。特別地,站 送料裝置也可統計上地或均勻地分佈,或者僅提供單^ 送料裝置。 μ 該些送料裝置係設置在容器中,並使該些送 中之材料的水平面之下,以使添㈣能 夠被早獨地直接添加至―賴量的旋撕料齡中。在大 4刀凊况下,由谷器中的材料顆粒的運動可形成混合旋 ί缝!丨圖中表示出。在整觸呈中,混合旋;的 遺、’彖或八攻兩水平面有利地應該位於送料裝置的上方。 〃該些送料裝置係有利地設置在容器中之該材料或者由 ,轉έ亥材,所造成的混合旋渦的滿位線(^丨)的中間 二分之一區域(middle third area),使得添加劑可在該歧封 料顆粒上均勻地分佈。 一
的相同水平面上, 器内壁的週邊上。 尤其疋對非常高黏性的添加劑而言,將該些送料裝置 有矛]地》又置在6玄谷器内側的一區域或一水平面上,而在該 ,域$該水平面上移動的或旋轉的該些材料顆粒可施加最 回的壓力。藉此,保證了材料的較佳分佈。該區域或者由 材料所施加在側壁上的壓力係取決於混合器的 類型、數量和型式。 "亥广送料裝置可在谷态的内側形成簡單的給料連接管 或者送料口或者設計成送料噴嘴形式。添加劑較佳藉由例 如回輪,或隔膜泵的配料泵來配料或供應,以控制添加劑 ^ H、、加畺。如上所述,因為所有的添加劑能夠被直接導入 该些材料顆粒中,所以添加劑能夠精確地配料,而無損失。 8 由沉積等所造成的損失則會大幅地降低。 為了不擾亂容ϋ中該些材_㈣運動,送料 =地與容器的側壁齊平而密封,並不在容器内部伸出或 通#,紙被導入進該材料的添加劑係從送料裝置以 或者以餘形式出現。由混合器所造成的運動 二著i'=r_與添加 立即直接地帶走,因此可較佳地分佈“ 添加劑而言’為了使添加劑在材料顆粒令獲得 容器壁對添加劑的潤濕性是需要的。為達 到上述效果,提供一種附加的分開之加孰裝置, 2熱^僅能對容器側壁的内側或者容器的側壁進二口 二之加熱裝置不受可調和的或可加熱的混合器或 之材料用的加熱裝置的限制。依此方式,會 降低’而添加劑的流動性因而提高,容 性。因此’添加劑獅 及1二黏性添加劑的阻塞,送料裝置本身 常)„供料槽也是可加細。依此方式,例如 ί ί充分地流動化形式添加固體或者聚狀石 照情況夠導入高黏性的添加劑,亦能夠依 加劑所施加的壓力或者供給添加劑所施 ^尤其疋以對應的程度選擇所需的壓力。 持較ΐ的二2地在增加的溫度下處理材料或者寧可保 料顆粒可餅^的降低,朗該些材 1343310 此外,可有利地避免或者減少容器内壁對添加劑的 濕二舉例而言,藉由容器壁的特殊塗層或者也藉由特殊^ 壓花即可完成。依此方式,黏附在容器内壁的添加劑 滴能夠更容易從側壁鬆脫,而更加容易被材料或者移 材料顆粒攜帶走,因此可省略容器壁的潤濕。 ‘ 由本發明下述之實施方式及所附圖式,本發明 述及其他目的、特徵、觀點及優點將會更加明瞭。w 【實施方式】 第1圖係顯示本發明裝置的示意剖面圖,而該 裝置為多種實施例中之習知裝置。 、的 第1圖所示為切割壓縮機形式的裝置, 的4=合器4。在該壓碎和混合 :擠壓機的外殼2係連接至該開:二 ===:卜殼2中。由螺== 桿外殼出現。當塑膠經由出σ 7從螺 進行融化或塑化。容先娜機内 或者顆粒狀形式存在,使二器】内以碎片 (^iwaste) 的。由於混合器纖維、新聞紙等也是可行 移動或者旋轉,因此各:二==铺粒的連續動態 於混合器4的構造,Γ破充分混合。視需要,取決 或亦可經加熱、或乾/、亦可經壓碎和/或被預先壓緊, ""*或結晶。在容器1内的材料顆粒, 尤其是塑膠材料齡的運動,可確保在加熱時 不黏貼在一起,並確保材料碎片的特徵保持完蚊。,顆粒 此外,給料連接管形式的送料裝置10'被^1 ° 側壁的下部區域内,並經由開口而通向該容器i ς 口藉由與側壁的内表面齊平而密封,而送料^置ι〇力=二 何部分伸進容器1内部。經由該送料裝置1^,能夠 或多種添加劑或者塗層物質調配至容器丨内。 成能適合於供給特姻顆粒狀、 匕非乾燥粒狀、或者非乾燥晶體狀的添 力口劑。乾_末狀或者減添加劑,如綱、填料等材料 在大多數情況下由頂雜由簡單的送觸斗添加。此外, 可用祕吸的高流紐或是雜的固職、相體狀 黎狀的添加劑’尤其是高黏性材料可經由送料裝置1〇添 ,。舉例來說’送料裝置能適合於添加高流動性添加劑(例 如可塑劑、過氧化物等)、紐植狀添加劑、或是且有乳 脂狀或漿狀稠度的固體添加劑(例如油脂、或石犧了或聚 ί”體添加劑—詞是指,例如石蝶或油脂,儘管其在 ,溫本質上穩定,但仍是可延展且可模壓的。利用載體溶 ,作為分散m镇,或是作躺雜或乳狀液,最初 為粉狀的添加劑或聚集物(例如顏料、填料等)也能夠被 添加。 參閱第1圖’送料裝置10被置於容器1中之旋轉物質 顆粒的水平面町,或者被置於混合㈣的最高邊緣的下 方。添加劑因此不是例如藉由姐或者滴加的方式由頂部 ’恭加’而疋經由容器1的側壁添加。送料裝置1〇或者送料 匕ί移?通過的材料不斷地沖刷,而出現的添加劑被 ::二’藉此’將添加劑提供至該些材料顆粒,並分散 或者分佈在材料顆粒中。 1343310 材料顆粒的表面越大,添加劑的分佈 添加量在0.01至20重量更仏 其是指反應⑽加綱添加,添加,尤 所稀釋的程度而定,舉例而言係 ==,终载體 材料(receivermaterial)時,添加劑的旦“片作為接收 添加劑的最大用量為潤濕容^、二=.2至0.6% ° 或者潤濕容器1中的材料顆粒的:、料的整個表面 取決於所使躲加__及^^量。 該材料的反應可能要直到到物壓、^應添加劑與 (molten mass)時才會發生。 夺或者在熔融體 最後,在擠壓機内將該材料*八 、 過滤及/或除錢體步驟。 u献’視需要’再經 者更多個步驟來進行由本:g、二但也可包括經由兩個或 驟中已被添加至連 内。據此’送料裝_設置在二二?者第-谷益1 步處理及/或其他添加劑的添i預二材=進: 均會在另外的容器1内進行。/ /、乾或者結晶
12 f S 1343.310 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖為本發明裝置的示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 容器 2 外殼 3 擠壓機螺桿 4 混合器 5 驅動發動機 6 驅動發動機 7 出口 10 送料裝置
Claims (1)
- 私。年 申請專利範圍 用於導八或添加魏_粒狀、尤其是非乾燥粉狀 =加劑或塗層物質之方法,該些添加劑或該些塗層物 ft液體、固體、半固體或者體的稍度,視需要 ;:ΓΓ或舰*的形式,尤其是具有較高祕性,該些添 或該些塗層物質例如為魏化物、油脂、石壤,W^劑、聚合物等,將該些添加劑或該些塗層物質導入 =的、視需要加熱及擠壓的碎片狀或顆粒狀的—材料 :而該材料係在-容器或者一切割壓縮機⑴内移動, 3料尤其是指聚合物雛或者㈣、木賊維、紙碎 從谷器(1)令之該材料或該些材料顆粒的水平面 1下的位置來添加該些添加劑,其特徵在於,從該容器 (1」的-區域或-水平面來添加該些添加劑,尤其是^ p两雜的添加劑,而在該區域或該水平面的該些材 二,粒尤其疋在该谷益⑴中旋轉的該些材料顆粒可 τ»亥谷器(1)的側壁施加最高的壓力。2, ^申請專利棚帛丨項所述之方法,其特徵在於,在容 =⑴中之雜料或者由旋轉該簡所造成的混合旋渦 的滿位線的中間三分之-區域,添加該些添加劑。 3. 如申請專利範圍帛!項所述之方法其特徵在於該政 添加劑經由-個或多個設置在容器⑴側壁内側上^ 料裝置(10)或者穿過側壁的開口添加,尤其是,該些 送料裝置(1G)或開口係以送料σ或者喷嘴形式分佈& 水平面的週輕者彼此疊在與排成—列,且該些 ^:料裝置(10)視需要可藉蝴如錄泵或隨栗之配 料泵供應。 14 4‘如申請專利範圍帛1項所述之方法,其特徵在於, 容器⑴中的該些材料顆粒的水平面或藉由運動所 的混合旋渦的水平面一直保持在該些送料裝置的 5‘如申請專利細第1項所述之方法,其特徵在於,通過 或者利用沿著或#著該容n⑴側壁的内側擦過的該些 旋轉材料顆粒而將該些添加劑攜帶至或導入至該容养 (1)中,藉此方式,將該些送料裝置(1〇)或該=添二 劑方用至該些材料顆粒上〇 \ 6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其舰在於,在加 ^添加劑之前及/或加入添加劑的過程中,不受加熱之容 器(1)中之該材料的溫度限制,另外分開地對容(1) 的内側或側壁加熱,以減少加入的添加劑的黏性並加 其潤濕性。 7. 如=請專利範圍第丨項所述之方法,其特徵在於,取決 於浴液的稀釋度,添加劑的最終載體係以佔最終產品的 重蓋之0.01和20重量%的用量添加至該些添加劑, 尤其是該些反應性添加劑。 8. 如申5專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其特徵在於,所添 ,的該些添加劑的最大數量為達到潤濕該容器(丨)中之 該材料或該些材料顆粒的整個表面所需的數量。 9. 一種用以實施如申請專利範圍第丨至8項中任一項所述 器或至少-個切 ,該混合直 材料id的碎片狀或顆粒狀的材料旋轉,該待處理的 _ i ^雜化的聚合物顆粒形式_膠材料、木 等,同時縣置具有至少-個非乾燥顆 ^ ^ 送料裝置(1G),該些添加劑具有液 乳化的料、^體或者餘體軸度,視需要為懸浮或 為過氧’尤妓具雜高的雜,添加劑例如 化物、油脂、石犧’ IV改良劑、聚合物等,其中, 純t該送料裝置(10)係設置在容器⑴中之該 材料或轉材料縣的水平面 置⑽係設置在該容器⑴、 1此奸二谷盗(1)的該區域中,移動的或較佳旋轉的 I材科難可_容器(1) _壁施加最高的壓力。 ms細第9項所狀裝置,其舰在於,該送 置(0)係没置在該容器⑴側壁的内側上,或通向容 盗(1) ’或形成在容器(1)的側壁中。 .申請專穩圍第9項所述之裝置,其特徵在於,該些 ^料裝置(10)係均勻分佈在該容器⑴側壁的的週邊g 同一水平面上,或者彼此疊在頂端排成一列。 12·如申請專利範群9項所述之裝置,其特徵在於,該些 送料裝置(10)係設置在距離混合器⑷的底部的同二 水平面或者同一距離上,其中,該些送料裝置(1〇) 係一直位於在容器(1) _旋轉的該些材料顆粒的過程 1343310 巧裝置’其特徵在於,該些 ^枓裝置⑽係攻置在容器⑴中之該材料 &旋渴的過程性給定滿位線的中間三分之一區域:、’ _. 丨4.如申請專利範圍第9項所述之裝置,1^ J料裝置(10)係設置為出口或噴嘴結;冓::該些送: • 佳歸由例如絲泵或隔駭之配 是設置成使該些添加劑能夠 15' 專署^圍/9項所述之裝置,其特徵在於,該此 置猎賴該容器⑴的側壁齊平而密封,尤i 财11⑴之内側伸出或突出至該容器(Γ) • 16.第,述之裝置,其特徵在於,不受 ;Μ °χ二此合器(4)或加熱該材料用之加埶穿置 Jff亥材料的限制,或是除了藉由例如混合器、f4) ίΐ熱;,之加熱裝置來加熱該材料之外,ii 加熱裝置,使職分開的加熱裝置^ 送⑴的内側、以及視需要還包括該些 地加^,以減或其供給線路或供料槽能夠被分開 器(^則壁‘^的添加劑的黏性’並提高該容 17 •如專利範圍第9項所述之裝置,其特徵在於,該容 :内側的表面係由不可潤濕的表面所形成,尤且 疋,猎由施加一抗黏塗層、壓花等,或 會勤~加劑 該些送料裝詈Μ、及r , 仰州〜谷裔U),而 叶我置⑴絲少設置在第一容器⑴中。
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