SU710819A1 - Unit for processing polymeric film waste - Google Patents

Description

(54) INSTALLATION FOR PROCESSING WASTE OF THE POLYMERIC FILM OF V. I. EFIMCHEV

I

The invention relates to the processing of polymeric materials, and more specifically to installations for the recycling of used polymeric materials, with granulation. The invention relates mainly to recycling; i recycling used films from polymeric materials.

Many popular goods industries use a film of polymeric materials for packaging various products for the manufacture of containers for bulk materials. A significant amount of film is used in agriculture when operating greenhouses.

The used polymer film is suitable for recycling, however, at present, the issue of recycling the pill is a problem.

A known installation for recycling a long polymer material containing a screw press, mechanisms for compacting waste material and conveyors {1. A disadvantage of the known installation is the complexity, the presence of a large number of mechanisms, large dimensions, so it can be applicable only in large enterprises.

The closest to the technical essence of the present invention is an installation for processing by a polymer a film, comprising a casing of a screw press with a forming head, a rotary-screw worm, a hopper with a window for feeding film waste, a transporting element, a feeding feed roll with a profiled surface and a shredder 2. The lack of the last installation consists in its complexity, inefficiency, and in that sleep creates an increased noise due to the presence of a shredder.

five

The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the installation - it is achieved due to the fact that the installation is equipped with a press case obliquely to its longitudinal axis with a cylinder, performs 1m1 with heating and cooling zones, a driving piston-pusher placed in it and a bokopimy window, with a knife attached to the wall , radius 1sh; gnlra, and sp.tsi37

a foam chamber with a hopper with a driving ram-pusher, and a butger equipped with a drive seal placed in its lower part. In addition, the piston push-rod is provided with an annular knife, which interacts with the innermost knife, and a cooling chamber, and a cooling chamber, which interacts with limit switches, mounted on its front end, which is made in the entrance of the lattice.

The sealing chamber is equipped with a fixed knife, fixed above the edge of the side window of the cylinder, and a knife mounted on a slider pusher interacting with a fixed knife. Sealer supplied

the guide rods connected to it and is made with a side wall separating it from the bunker. The cylinder at the place of attachment to the press body is made with a hole coaxial to the body channel in which the plug is placed. The feed roller is mounted on a hinged spring-loaded frame, on the swing axis of which is placed a scabies, kinematically connected with the feed roller and the drive of its rotation.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings, where in FIG. I shows an external side view of the installation; in fig. 2 - top view; in fig. 3 - view A; FIG. 4 - type B; in fig. Figure 5 shows a section B-B - a worm drive and a granulating head; in fig. 6 shows a section of tsiliddra i GG - on an enlarged scale; in fig. 7 shows an enlarged scale section along the DT-D bin of the housing of the compactor and the conveyor; FIG. 8. - section EE. conditionally rotated; in fig. 9 - section MF; in fig. 10 shows a section of a slider chamber on an enlarged scale; in fig. 11 section AND-AND; in fig. 12 - section KK; in fig. 13 - section LL; in fig. 14 shows the slider-pusher in a section on an enlarged scale; in fig. 15 shows the drive unit drive roller conveyor and drive the feed roll; in fig. 16 is a section M-M in FIG. 17 - section HH; in fig. 18

shows a pneumatic installation diagram.

The installation for recycling film waste includes a frame 1 on which a gear of a screw press drive 2 is installed. The press case 3 is attached to the gearbox with heaters 4 and cooling zone 5. In case 3, there is a worm to 6, which is articulated with hollow shaft 7 of the gearbox and fixed by nut 8 with slots. In the case 3 of the press, there is a sleeve 9 and a spacer 10 with a seal 11 Fig. 6. A forming granulating head 12 with a rotating knife 13 and a rotation mechanism 14 of the knife 13 is attached to the side outlet of the casing.

A filter 15 is placed in the canape of the head to filter the melt from foreign inclusions.

To the front flange of the cylinder body, through the adapter 16 is attached, with a slope upward, the cylinder 17 with the driving piston-pusher 18 placed inside.

The cylinder 17, at the junction with the adapter 16, has a heating zone 19 and a cooling zone 20 to prevent the entire cylinder from heating up.

In the lower part of the cylinder 17 has a hole coaxially with the channel of the housing 3 of the press, which is closed by a plug 2 with a profile along the inner radius of the cylinder. This hole is necessary to remove the screw 6 from the press housing 3.

The front end of the piston-pusher 18 is made of a lattice for the exit of gases from the film melt, and also has a cooling chamber 22 for cooling the end. The cooling chamber 22 is connected by tubes 23 to the upper flange of the porcelain pusher, in which the fittings 24 are screwed for supplying and discharging water. A stop 25 is attached to the piston pusher 18 for controlling limit switches (not shown). The fittings 24 and the stop 25, when the piston-pusher moves, move in the longitudinal groove of the cylinder 17.

An annular knife 26 is attached to the lower end of the nest pusher 18.

To the upper flange of the cylinder 17 is attached coaxially pneumatic cylinder 27, the brush of which is connected to the piston-pusher 18.

The cylinder 17 has a side window a (FIGS. 8, 9 and 10) which is adjoined by a seal chamber 28 with a pusher 29 placed inside, which is connected to the pneumatic dial rod 30. The blade 31 is fixed on the slider 29 and fixed above the top edge of the window a knife 32. A knife 33 is attached to the lower end of the window wall and has a cutting edge 33, flanked by the radius of the cylinder 17.

On the seal chamber 28, a hopper 34 is installed, provided with a housing 35 in which a drive seal 36 is placed with a side wall 37 and guide rods 38 passing through the sleeves 39. The seal 36 is connected to the pneumatic cylinder stem 40.

Claims (2)

In the side wall of the hopper 34 there is a window in which the conveyor element in the form of a belt conveyor 41 adjoins. The drive roller 42 of the belt conveyor has a brush 43 which, through the intermediate gear 44, engages 5 with the gear 45 on the shaft 46, which at the B end and has sprocket 47. The drive to the conveyor 41 is carried out from the electric motor and gearbox 48, by chain transmission to the sprocket 47. On top of the conveyor 41, the frame 49 is pivotally fixed, on which ribbons the feed roller 50 with the profiled rib is mounted a fixed surface driven by gears 51, 52 and 53. Gear 53 is mounted on the swing axis of the shaft 49 and engages gear 45. Frame 49 by the upper end is suspended by two ends of the 54 and brackets 55 to the bunker with a constant pressing down by means of springs 56 installed on the gtah 54. To receive the granules being cut off from the head grate, a capacity 57 is set. For automatic operation of the installation in the setting diagram (Fig. 18) limit switches 58 and 59 are installed, air distributor 60 and throttle 61 are installed to supply air to the pneumatic MO cylinder 27. Air is supplied to the pneumatic cylinder 30 of the slider-pusher from the air distributor 62, and to the air cylinder 40 from the air distributor 63. The diagrams are equipped with sequence valves 64 and 65. A switch 66 and an air distributor 67 with a differential spool are installed for the initial start-up. The circuit also has a pneumatic pressure switch 68 for switching off the power supply of the belt conveyor when the supply of compressed air is interrupted. All air distribution equipment is connected by a piping system and can be used in a standard installation. Removing works as follows (Fig. 18 pneumatic control scheme). The control circuit operates with an automatic cycle using limit switches and sequence valves. Before starting the installation, the housing 3 of the screw press is heated in zones to a predetermined temperature. The heating zone of the cylinder 17 is also heated. The set temperature of all zones is maintained automatically. At the same time, the supply of cooling water to all cooling zones 5.20 and 22 is turned on. The prepared material for recycling is sorted into separate multi-layer strips to remove impurities. The screw press drive is turned on. When the toggle switch 66 is turned on, the belt conveyor drive 41 is turned on. The operator continuously puts the strips of film on the conveyor belt, which through 19 gives them through the window into the hopper 34. When the strip is fed, they are pressed onto the conveyor belt with a rotating ribbed feeding na.irkom 50 to prevent Ina plats from coming on and the delay of the film when entering the window n. At the upper position of the compactor 36, (the film supplied by the conveyor is collected in the chamber 28 and in the casing 35 under the plumbing 36. The film for processing into tangled tapes and shapeless pieces can be loaded into the tank and directly into the bunker through the upper open window. After turning on the tumbler 66 sigil from the plated end switch 58 58 nciicKJiKifacr valve 63 and connects the rodless cavity of the pneumatic tool 40 with pressure. The rod of the pneumatic cylinder moves forward, the gasket 36 fixed on it, which seals the flow into the chambers at 28 the film, at the same time blocking the window in the bunker with the side wall 37, over which the film continues to accumulate, is supplied by the conveyor 41. When the brush moves to the extreme position or when the compressed film is significantly opposed to the compactor, it reaches the value in the brushless cavity and reaches the value set to the valve of the sequence 64, triggers its operation, hence the command for switching the distributor 62. The rod of the secondary cylinder 30 advances. The slider 29 connected to the brush moves the film compacted in the chamber, and additionally seals it further through the window and into the cylinder 7. The film remains above the crawl of the pusher cut with the knife 31 fixed on it on the ifo movable knife 32. At the extreme the position of the rod of the cylinder 30 to a significant back pressure of the sealing film on the slider-pusher, the pressure in the rodless cavity rises towards the secondary valve of the sequence 65. or the valve of the valve switches valve 60, the rodless cavity of the cylinder 27 with pressure through the core Ssel 61. Stock pnevmots1; shch 27 is pushed. The speed of movement of the rod under load is adjusted by setting the choke. The piston-thrustless K connected to the rod moves the gasket film, additionally compressing it, in the heating zone to the screw of the worm-press in the heating zone. With this, the remnants of the Film in chamber 28 are cut off by an annular knife 26 fixed by a porpshe push rod and a fixed knife 33. By entering the heating zone, the film of momentum is melted and the extension is captured by turns of the crushing screw, compacted in the first line; 1pe, homogenized and squeezed out selliukv of the cutting head 12, where the harnesses are cut on the grid with a knife 13 to the granules that are fed to the receiving container 57. The gases and air released from the film are removed through the lattice piston end of the plunger and the holes in the upper bottom and the wall of the cylinder. Gases can also be sucked through a grid by vacuuming. When starting the cylinder rod 27, releasing the stop 25 by stopping the limit switch 58, the pressure in the right-hand control valve of the valve 63 is connected to the atmosphere, and the valve 63 is switched from the valve sequence 65 to the rod cavity and pressure. The cylinder rod 40 moves to its original position. In the leftmost position of the rod of the pneumatic shutter 27, an emphasis 25. pushes the limit switch 59, the signal from which is applied to the switching of the valves 62 and 60. The stem 30 is moved to its original position. At the same time, the cylinder rod 27 moves to the initial position. When pressing the stop 25 to the final switch 59, the valve 60 initially switches, and when the rod starts moving, when the button stops pressing the limit switch 59, the valve 62 switches. The film accumulated in the bunker when the jaw collector rises 36 returns to its initial position in chamber 28. When pressed, and with an emphasis 25 on the limit switch 58, the cycle repeats. Thus, the pneumatic drive of the installation works automatically, giving portions of compacted film to cylinder melt zone When the toggle switch 66 is turned off, the air supply to the pneumatic circuit control stops, the air supply stops and to the control of the air distributor 67, the differential spool switches the air supply to the pneumatic cylinders. At the same time, when the air supply is cut off, the pressure switch 68 cuts off the power supply of the conveyor belt 41. This invention allows the film recycling process to be greatly simplified due to the fact that the used film without melt shredding turns into a melt and enters extrusion of bundles and cutting them into granules. This eliminates the need for shredders and crumb conveying devices. 8 Creating a single unit for processing Lenksa according to the invention will make it possible to achieve a significant economic effect due to increased productivity, reduced maintenance staff, less production space, simpler design and lower energy costs. 1. An apparatus for recycling a polymer film, comprising a worm molding press with a forming head, a rotary-screw worm, a hopper with a window for feeding the film wastes, a conveying element and a driving feed roll with a shaped surface, characterized in that in order to increase the productivity of the installation, it is provided with a cylinder fixed on the press case obliquely to its longitudinal axis, made with heating and cooling zones, with a drive piston-pusher placed in it and with a side window, to the wall of which a knife is attached, made but to the radius of the cylinder, and the sealing chamber connected to the hopper with the driving ram-pusher, and the hopper equipped with the driving sealing placed in its lower part. 2. The installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston is provided with a circular knife fixed on its front end, which is made in the form of a lattice, an annular knife interacting with the cylinder knife, and a cooling chamber, interacting with limit switches. 3. Installation according to Claims 1, 2, characterized in that the sealing chamber is provided with a fixed knife, fixed above the edge of the side window, and mounted on a slider pusher by a knife interacting with a fixed knife. 4. Installation according to Claims 1-3, characterized in that the compactor is provided with guide rods connected to it and is made with a side wall separating it from the hopper. 5. The installation according to claim 1-4, characterized in that the cylinder at the attachment point to the press body is made with the opening coaxial to the body channel, in which the stopper is placed. 6. Installation according to Claim 1-5, characterized in that the feed roll is mounted on a hinged spring-loaded frame, on the swing axis of which a gear is placed. kinematically associated with the feed roller and the drive of its rotation. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. US patent number 3703347.kl.V 29 D 7/02, 1972. 2. USSR author's certificate for application number 2481971, cl. At 29 C 29/00, 25.04.77 (prototype). tf 23. thirty h FIG. 9 710819 L-L f- Fig .. 8 17 tf ifZJf3t Phage. 15 umm fjЯ NN SB FIG. / 7 Jjjl. ,, y, j ,. i :: 0VlF -. „....,:; -v | Wil0819,  .-- j. , ;, Phi1. }