JPH0628245Y2 - Volume reduction equipment for waste foamed resin - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a volume reduction processing apparatus for waste foamed resin.

[Conventional technology and its technical problem]

Since foamed resin products have properties such as heat insulating properties, light weight properties, and cushioning properties, they are widely used in various industrial fields such as packaging materials and construction materials. Conventionally, as such foamed resin, styrofoam, urethane foam, vinyl chloride, etc. have been widely used, but in recent years, due to their moldability, moisture resistance, chemical resistance, low cost, and harmlessness, etc. ,
Foamed polyethylene tends to be used.

However, such foamed resin products are discharged in large quantities in factories, business establishments, stores, etc., and are bulky, which makes it difficult to dispose of them. Conventionally, wastes of such foamed resin products are incinerated as they are as garbage, but they are liable to generate slub such as damage to the furnace due to high calorific value and pollution problem due to vigorous smoke. As a measure against this,
The applicant of the present invention has proposed a device capable of automatically reducing waste pellets of a foamed resin product into a popper and automatically reducing them into pellets through a process of crushing-heating-extrusion-cutting.

However, the reality of disposal is not always properly separated,
Cellulosic waste such as paper and cloth, and metal pieces such as nails and screws are often mixed, and in this case, the device was not always practical.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present invention was devised to solve the above-mentioned problems. It automatically and smoothly reduces the waste materials of foamed resin products such as foamed polyethylene, and further creates blocks and pillars that are easy to handle. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for reducing the volume of waste foamed resin that can be molded.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a crushing chamber which is formed below a hopper into which foamed resin product waste is put, and which comprises a rotatable crushing shaft provided with a plurality of fixed blades and movable blades. While a crushing mechanism is provided, a feed cylinder partially opening to the crushing chamber, a compression cylinder with a gradually decreasing inner diameter, and an extrusion cylinder partially having a vent hole are provided in series on the side of the crushing shaft. A rotary screw having blades for feeding / compressing and extruding is inserted therein, and an extruding nozzle is provided at the tip of the extruding cylinder, while a jet hole of the extruding nozzle is provided at the bottom of the side of the hopper. A mold cylinder having a hole for inserting and removing is detachably mounted, and a switch mechanism is provided at the upper part of the mold cylinder to operate by the pressure of the extruded resin and stop the driving of the screw. Is.

The extrusion nozzle and the mold cylinder may be single. Also, in some cases, the extrusion nozzle is branched to the left and right and then a plurality of pieces are raised and a plurality of mold cylinders are provided, and a switching mechanism for switching the flow of the resin is provided in the branch portion region of the extrusion nozzles. Good. According to this, a recycled product can be efficiently produced from the foamed resin waste material.

〔Example〕

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 6 show a first embodiment of a volume reduction processing apparatus for waste foamed resin according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a main body frame, which is formed into a box shape by covering covers 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d on the front, rear, left, and right of the rectangular frame. Then, a bottom plate 1e is stretched inside the main body frame 1 so as to have a tapered shape, thereby forming a crushing chamber A having an open upper part, and the main body frame 1 above the crushing chamber is foamed. The hopper 2 for feeding the resin waste material B is supported and fixed.

Numeral 3 is a crushing mechanism, and as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 3a, it traverses almost the central region of the upper part of the crushing chamber A and is rotatable on the main body frame 1 via bearings 300, 301. The crushing shaft 3a horizontally mounted, the two types of moving blades 30 and 31 fixed to the crushing shaft 3a at predetermined intervals, and the bottom plate 1e so as to engage with the moving blades 30 and 31.
And a fixed blade 39 that is fixed to the.

The crushing shaft 3a has sprockets 32, 32 'at its tip, and one sprocket 32 is a drive sprocket 3 fixed to the output shaft of a motor 33 mounted on the side of the body frame.
4 is connected to the chain 35 and is driven at a predetermined rotation speed.

The movable blade 30 has a wavy shape, is provided at both ends and in the center, and has a length such that the rotation radius R is located in the hopper 2 as shown in FIG. 3a. The movable blade 31 is 10 in this embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 3a, they are arranged on the crushing shaft 3a so as to be out of phase by about 60 degrees in the circumferential direction, and each have a half-moon shaped blade portion 311 in the rotation direction. There is. The fixed blade 39 is arranged in a comb shape so as to have a small clearance with the movable blades 30 and 31, and the tip thereof is the third a
As shown in the figure, it reaches just below the lower part of the crushing shaft 3a.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a feed tube provided outside the crushing shaft A in parallel with the crushing shaft 3a, and both ends thereof are supported by the main body frame 1. The feed cylinder 4 has a receiving opening 41 for the crushed foamed resin pieces, and is opened as a window hole in the side wall portion of the bottom plate 1e as shown in FIGS.

Reference numeral 5 is a compression cylinder fixed coaxially with the feed cylinder 4, reference numeral 6 is a heating extrusion cylinder fixed coaxially with the compression cylinder 5, and reference numeral 7 is an extrusion nozzle coaxial with the heating extrusion cylinder 6.

The inner side of the compression cylinder 5 is a tapered cylinder wall 50. The heating and extruding cylinder 6 has a straight hole 60 communicating with the taper cylinder wall 50, and an axial groove 61 for preventing entrainment of the compressed crushed foamed resin piece is provided at the start end region of the straight hole 60 at intervals. A vent hole 62 for degassing is provided in the outer periphery at a position downstream of the axial groove 61. Further, heaters 20 and 21 are surrounded from the compression cylinder 5 to the heat extrusion cylinder 6 and on the outer circumference of the tip region of the heating cylinder 6. The heater 20 is also provided in the compression cylinder 5 in order to reduce the load of the compression process and to smoothly send the crushed foamed resin pieces.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a rotating screw, whose tip is cantilevered by a bearing 800 at the rear end of the feed cylinder 4 as desired in the rear end opening of the extrusion nozzle 7, and at the shaft end thereof is a sprocket 32 'provided on the crushing shaft 4a. A sprocket 80 connected to a chain 35 'is provided so that the sprocket 80 is driven to rotate at a predetermined rotation speed lower than the crushing shaft.

The rotary screw 8 includes a feed screw blade 8a having a large diameter corresponding to the feed cylinder 4, a compression screw blade 8b having a diameter gradually reduced to correspond to the tapered cylinder wall 50 of the compression cylinder 5, and a heating extrusion cylinder 6 The extrusion screw blade 8c having a diameter corresponding to the straight hole 60 is continuously provided.

In the first embodiment, the extrusion nozzle 7 has the same structure as that shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 6, a lateral hole 710 branching right and left from an axial hole 70 coaxial with the straight hole 60 of the heat extruding cylinder 6,
A base cylinder 71 provided with 711 and right and left holes 72 matching the base cylinder 71.
Distribution tubes 72a, 72b having 0, 721 and left and right holes 7
Nozzle holes 730 extending upward from the vicinity of the tip of 20,721,
Nozzle bodies 73a and 73b having 731 are provided. A heater 22 of band type or the like is provided at least on the outer circumference of the flow dividing cylinders 72a and 72b.

Reference numeral 9 is a switching mechanism for selecting the flow of resin from the base cylinder 71 to the flow dividing cylinders 72a and 72b. The valve shaft 9a fits in the axial hole 70 of the base cylinder 71 and the operation handle 9b for rotating the valve shaft 9a. The valve shaft 9a has a valve hole 90 coaxial with the axial hole 70 and a single switching hole 91 orthogonal to the valve hole 90.

The valve shaft 9a has an arm 9c at the same position as the operation handle in the circumferential direction, and the bracket 9 is supported by the body frame 1 at the left and right parts within the turning radius of the arm 9c.
Limit switches 11a and 11b are attached via d, and the limit switches 11a and 11b are electrically connected to a power feeding portion for the motor 33 by wiring (not shown), and the arm 9c is connected to one of the limit switches 11a and 11b. The motor 33 is adapted to start when it comes into contact with.

Reference numerals 12a and 12b denote two mold cylinders having arbitrary cross-sectional shapes, and in this example, they have a tapered rectangular cylinder shape. Mold cylinder 1
Handles 121 for handling are provided on the outer circumferences of 2a and 12b, and as shown in FIGS. 1, 4, and 6, there is a filling hole 120 at the bottom thereof, and the nozzle body 7 is provided therewith.
3a and 73b are removably fitted, and upper portions of the holding arms 13a and 13a are provided on the body frame 1
It is supported by b. Mold cylinders 12a, 12
b extends parallel to the side wall of the hopper 2, and lid opening / closing mechanisms 14a, 14b are attached to the upper side of the hopper 2. The lid opening / closing mechanisms 14a, 14b are moved up and down to move the mold cylinders 12a, 12b. Lids 15a, 15 that are inserted into and removed from the upper opening
b is suspended.

The lids 15a and 15b have fixed plates 150a and 150b inside.
And the limit plates 18a and 18b are attached to the fixed plates 150a and 150b via suspension members 17a and 17b.
Is supported so that it can move up and down, and limit switches 16a and 16b for stopping are attached in a relationship facing the same. The limit switches 16a and 16b are electrically connected to a power feeding portion of the motor 33 by wiring (not shown), and drive the motor 33 when the filling resin that has risen in the die cylinders 12a and 12b pushes up the limit plate 18a or 18b. Is supposed to stop.

In the first embodiment, the resin flow of the extrusion nozzle 7 is switched manually, but it may be switched automatically by using an actuator such as a motor or a cylinder.

The second embodiment is a simple type. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the extrusion nozzle 7 is single, the front of the axial hole 70 is closed by the plug 19, and the single injection nozzle 730 is provided. The nozzle body 73 is connected to the axial hole 70. Therefore, the mold cylinder 12 is also single, and the filling hole 120 into which the injection hole 730 is fitted is provided at the bottom. A lid body 15 suspended by a lid opening / closing mechanism 14 so as to be vertically movable is arranged above,
A limit plate 18 is arranged on the hanging member 17 and a limit switch 16 is attached to the fixed plate 150. The other points are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

In any of the embodiments, the limit switch 1
Although the drive of the motor 33 is controlled by the 1a and 11b and the limit switches 16a and 16b, the clutch mechanism may be controlled instead to connect and disconnect the transmission of the drive force of the sprockets 32 'and 80. Also, the main body frame 1
Needless to say, the unit may be a movable type such as a caster instead of a stationary type. Further, the lid opening / closing mechanism 14, 14a, 1
Although 4b has a clamp mechanism in the embodiment, this is not always necessary.

[Operation of Example]

Next, the method of use and operation of the present invention will be described according to the first embodiment.

When processing a foamed resin waste material such as foamed polyethylene or styrene foam W, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the nozzle body 73 is filled with the filling holes 120 of the mold cylinders 12a and 12b.
After fitting to a and 73b, the lid opening / closing mechanisms 14a and 14b are operated to lower the lids 15a and 15b. As a result, the lids 15a and 15b are fitted into the upper openings of the mold cylinders 12a and 12b, the filling hole 120 and the nozzle bodies 73a and 73b are fitted together, and the mold cylinders 12a and 12b are supported along the hopper 2. To be done. At this time, the operation handle 9b is operated to communicate the valve hole 90 of the valve shaft 9a with either one of the left and right holes 720 and 721.

In this state, when the foamed resin waste material W is put into the hopper 2, the motor 33 is driven and the heaters 20, 21, 22 are operated, the foamed resin waste material B accumulated in the crushing chamber A through the hopper 2 becomes The two types of movable blades 30, 31 are rotated at high speed by the rotation of the crushing shaft 3a and the comb-shaped fixed blade 39 is used to efficiently fragment the pieces.

That is, since the movable blade 30 having a large turning radius extends into the hopper and the lower layer of the foamed resin waste material W is collapsed by this, the bridge phenomenon does not occur, and the movable blade 31 is out of phase by 60 degrees in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the cutting is sequentially performed, and the movable blades 30, 31 and the fixed blade 39 are arranged with a small clearance. Therefore, even if the foamed resin waste material B is foamed polyethylene, it is finely fragmented without being entangled with the crushing shaft 3a. To be done. The foamed resin waste material thus fragmented is sequentially loaded into the feed cylinder 4 from the receiving port 41 provided in the middle of the bottom plate 1e.

The rotary screw 8 is rotating inside the feed cylinder 4, and the foamed resin waste material that has been fragmented is first sequentially transferred forward by the feed screw blade 8a and enters the tapered cylinder wall 50 of the compression cylinder 5. In this tapered cylindrical wall 50, since the compression screw blade 8b having a gradually reduced diameter is rotating, the foamed resin waste material W that has been fragmented is densified while being fed forward, and the compression cylinder 5 has a heater on the outer periphery. Since the foamed resin waste material W is heated by 20, the foamed resin waste material W is preheated at the same time as being compressed, softened, and fused to each other while being heated and extruded.
Be pushed into.

In the heating and extruding cylinder 6, the extruding screw blades 8c are rotating, and the softened and melted resin is defoamed by the heat generated by the resin itself due to the subsequent pressing, and the defoaming gas is discharged from the vent hole 62 to the outside. The resin is melted by the heat received from the heater 21. The resin defoamed and reduced in volume in this manner has a candy-like or freshly moisturizing elastic property, and is pushed into the axial hole 70 of the extrusion nozzle 7 from the tip of the rotary screw 8.

The valve shaft 9a of the switching mechanism 9 is fitted in the axial hole 70, the valve hole 90 of the valve shaft 9a communicates with the axial hole 70, and the switching hole 91 communicates with the left and right holes 721 in this embodiment. ing. Therefore, the defoamed and volume-reduced resin B ′ has holes 721.
It flows through the injection hole 731 on the right side and starts to be fed into the inside of the mold cylinder 12b. Defoamed and reduced volume resin is the mold cylinder 12
The inside of b is started to be filled from the bottom, and the inside of the mold cylinder 12b is raised.
When the tip of the resin further rises from the state shown in FIG. 1, it contacts the limit plate 18b and presses it upward. Then, the limit plate 18b fixes the position of the limit switch 16
When the limit switch 16b is turned on, the limit switch 16b is turned on, and the power supply to the motor 33 is stopped. As a result, the driving of the crushing shaft 4a and the rotary screw 8 is stopped, and the compression / extrusion process is interrupted.

Then, next, the lid opening / closing mechanism 14b is operated to raise the lid 15b, the mold 121 is slightly lifted by the handle 121, and the filling hole 120 is removed from the nozzle body 73b.
Since 2b is free, it is solidified by transporting it as it is with the handle 121 and charging it into a cooling means such as a water tank.
With this, recycled products such as sleepers and artificial trees are obtained. Alternatively, it is put into a crusher and pelletized.

When the driving of the motor 33 is stopped as described above, the operation handle 9b is rotated 180 degrees. By doing this, the valve shaft 9
By the rotation of a, the switching hole 91 communicates with the left hole 720, and at the same time, the arm 9c moves the limit switch 11a.
Abut. As a result, the motor 33 starts to drive again, and the crushing shaft 4a and the rotary screw 8 perform the above-mentioned crushing and the advance-compression-heat extrusion, and the defoamed and reduced volume resin is changed from the axial hole 70 to the switching hole. 91, left hole 7
20 and the injection hole 730 to fill the inside of the left mold cylinder 12a. Then, as in the previous case, the limit plate 1
The filling is stopped by pushing up 6a. During this period, the right side mold cylinder 12b from which the cast product has been demolded is set again, and this time, by operating the operation handle 9b and directing the switching hole 91 toward the mold cylinder 12b side, casting is performed again. Then, by repeating this cycle, the volume reduction reproduction can be performed without a time lag. In the second embodiment, there is a down time during the replacement of the mold cylinder, but the structure is simple.

Since the present invention does not extrude the defoaming volume reduction example from the extrusion nozzle and cut it with a cutter, even if chips or wood chips are mixed in the defoaming volume reduction resin, the No trouble caused by damage.

[Effect of device]

According to the present invention described above, the excellent effect that the foamed resin waste material is automatically crushed, and further compressed and heated to defoam and can be regenerated into a resin lump of a desired shape and size, can be obtained. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing a first embodiment of a foamed resin waste material volume reducing apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a hopper omitted, and FIG. 3 is FIG. A sectional view taken along line III, FIG. 3a is a perspective view of the crushing chamber, FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway rear view, FIG. 5 is a rear view of the switching mechanism portion, and FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway side view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. 1 ... Main body frame, 2 ... Hopper, 3 ... Shredding mechanism,
3a ... Crushing shaft, 4 ... Feed tube, 5 ... Compression tube, 6 ...
Heating extruding cylinder, 7 ... Extrusion nozzle, 8 ... Rotating screw, 9 ... Switching mechanism, 12, 12a, 12b ... Mold cylinder, 30, 31 ... Moving blade, 39 ... Fixed blade, 62 ...
… Vent hole, 120 …… fill hole

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A crushing chamber is formed below a hopper for throwing waste foamed resin products, and a crushing mechanism comprising a plurality of fixed blades and a rotatable crushing shaft having a movable blade is provided in the crushing chamber. On the side of the crushing shaft, a feed cylinder partially opening to the crushing chamber, a compression cylinder with a gradually decreasing inner diameter, and an extrusion cylinder partially having a vent hole are provided in series, and the feed cylinder A rotary screw having blades for compression and extrusion is inserted, and an extrusion nozzle is provided at the tip of the extrusion cylinder, while a hole for fitting the injection hole of the extrusion nozzle to the bottom is provided on the side of the hopper. The metal mold cylinder is detachably mounted, and the metal mold cylinder has a switch mechanism that operates by the pressure of the extruded resin and stops the driving of the screw. Processing equipment. 2. An extruding cylinder is provided with a plurality of extruding nozzles that rise up after branching to the left and right at the tip and a switching mechanism that switches the flow of resin to these extruding nozzles. The volume reduction apparatus for a waste foamed resin material according to claim 1, which includes a plurality of mold cylinders having holes for fitting the injection holes of the extrusion nozzle.