JPH0727131Y2 - Extruder - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to an extrusion molding machine, and in particular, reduces the volume of waste plastics, shredder dust, molding plastic cutting waste, Styrofoam boxes, etc. separated from municipal waste. The present invention relates to an extrusion molding machine such as a volume reduction molding machine.

[Conventional technology]

A volume reduction molding machine using a uniaxial or biaxial screw is known as a molding device for molding chips of molded plastic. In this volume reduction molding machine using a single-screw or twin-screw screw, one or two screws are inserted into a barrel, and the screws are rotated to knead and compress the raw materials for extrusion. At the tip of this barrel, one or two cone-shaped extruding nozzles having a diameter gradually decreasing toward the tip and having a cylindrical outlet nozzle at the end are provided. The raw material is continuously extruded from this cylindrical outlet nozzle as a cylindrical extrudate.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

It is necessary to obtain a predetermined volume-reduced molded product by cutting the extrudates continuously extruded from the outlet nozzle into a predetermined length by a cutter installed separately.

Conventionally, for cutting a material extruded by a molding machine into a predetermined length, for example, a speed reducer is installed in the vicinity of a mold installed on the tip side of the molding machine and having a large number of openings through which extrudates are extruded. What is done by rotating the cutting blade with an electric motor, or, for example, as shown in JP-A-63-149111, the tip of the screw shaft is projected from the mold,
It is known that a cutting blade of the extrudate is rotatably provided along the outer surface of the mold at the tip.

However, such rotating blades are useful when the extrudate is relatively hard, but when the extrudate is soft and semi-solid, such rotating blades are relatively The cutting speed is slow, and since the cutting is done by shearing force, it may not be cut smoothly, and the roughening of the cutting surface may become severe, and the molded product adheres to the cutting blade continuously to form a good molded product. There was a problem that I could not.

If the raw material has adhering water, it changes into high-temperature gas (steam) (may reach about 100 ° C) in the process of kneading and compression of the raw material, and there is a problem that it jumps out from the outlet nozzle and is dangerous. .

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to obtain an extrusion molding machine capable of reliably cutting even a soft and semi-solid extrudate and efficiently obtaining a molding. The purpose is.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the extrusion molding machine of the present invention has (1) a barrel having a material supply port on the base end side and an extrusion nozzle on the tip end side, and a barrel inserted into the barrel. In an extruder having a screw and a semi-solid material as an extruded product to be extruded from the extrusion nozzle, the extruded product has a predetermined length at a position close to the exit end of the extrusion nozzle. A cutting blade for cutting is provided so as to be capable of reciprocating at a high speed between the upper side and the lower side of the extrusion nozzle, and the cutting blade has blade portions formed on both upper and lower sides in the moving direction and is oblique to the moving direction. It was configured to be attached to. (2) In the molding machine of (1) above, a mold release agent drip nozzle is provided above the cutting blade at a position facing the cutting blade. (3) In the molding machine of (1) or (2) above, a gas exhaust hood is provided in communication with the outlet of the extrusion nozzle.

[Action]

The extrudate continuously extruded from the outlet of the tip of the extrusion nozzle is moved forward and backward by a cutting blade that reciprocates in the vertical direction at the position of exiting the nozzle. It is cut into lengths, and molded products can be obtained efficiently. At this time, the blade is attached obliquely to the moving direction, and because it moves at high speed, even if it is a soft semi-solid extrudate, the blade bites into the extrudate securely and smoothly. Is reliably performed, and efficient molding work is performed.

Further, by supplying the mold release agent from the tip of the mold release agent drip nozzle, the amount of moldings attached to the surface of the blade is reduced and the cutting can be smoothly continued.

When water is attached to the raw material and the extrudate is extruded at a high temperature, hot gas (water vapor) jumps out from the nozzle tip, but by providing a gas exhaust hood in communication with the exit of the extrusion nozzle, High-temperature gas can be sucked from the gas exhaust hood, and the high-temperature gas does not fly forward, so work can be performed safely.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view (partially vertical sectional view) showing a structure of a volume reduction molding machine as an extrusion molding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof.

Reference numeral 10 is a barrel in which two screws 12 are inserted. A conical screw 12a portion is formed at the tip of the screw 12. The barrel 10 is installed on a base 16, a raw material supply port 11 having a raw material receiving hopper S attached is opened on the upper surface of the base end side thereof, and the tip end side thereof corresponds to the shape of the conical screw 12a. The outlet nozzle 14 is gradually reduced in diameter toward the tip side and has a cylindrical cross section at the end of its tip.
Two cone-shaped extrusion nozzles 13 are attached by being flange-joined to each other so that the screw 13 is aligned with the axial direction of each screw 12. A gear device 15 is mounted on a base 16 on the base end side of the screw 12, and a reduction electric motor 17 is connected to the input side of the base end of the gear device 15. Rotational power is transmitted to 12, and the two screws 12 are rotated in synchronization.

Heat transfer heaters (not shown) are installed on the outer peripheral portions of the barrel 10 and the extrusion nozzle 13, and by heating the raw material inside the barrel 10 to facilitate the raw material to be in a semi-molten state,
It is configured so that kneading and compression are effectively performed.

On the other hand, an extrudate cutting device 20 is installed on a base 16 near the exit nozzle 14 at the end of the extrusion nozzle 13 on the tip side of the barrel 10. Details of the extrudate cutting device 20 are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. 3 is an enlarged front view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG.

In both figures, the extrudate cutting device 20 is configured as follows. A gate-shaped frame 21 made of grooved steel is erected on the base 16, and slide shafts 22 are positioned on the left and right sides thereof so as to be vertically fixed by supporting members 23 and 24, respectively. Slides 26 are slidably attached to the slide shafts 22 on both sides of the slide shaft 22, and the left and right slides 26 are gate-shaped movable arms whose bottom ends are offset.
25 is attached integrally. At the center of the upper horizontal member of the movable arm 25, the main body is provided with a piston rod 27a of a cutting blade driving air cylinder 27 installed on the gate-shaped frame 21.
The movable arm 25 is mounted so that the left and right slides 26 thereof are guided by the respective slide shafts 22 and are reciprocally movable in the vertical direction by operating the cutting blade driving air cylinder 27. Between the left and right lower ends of the movable arm 25, a long cutting blade 28 for cutting the extrudate is provided.
Are attached with bolts and nuts in a state of being inclined with respect to the moving direction (vertical direction), and 28a and 28b are formed on both upper and lower sides of the cutting blade 28, respectively. The movement stroke of the cutting blade driving air cylinder 27 is such that the cutting blade 28 can reciprocate between upper and lower positions sandwiching the outlet nozzle 14, that is, between the position shown by the solid line and the position shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. To be selected. The cutting blade 28 is arranged at a position close to the end of the outlet nozzle 14 as shown in FIG.

On the side where the cutting blade 28 is raised, a releasing agent drip nozzle 29 is attached to the movable arm 25 so as to face the cutting blade 28 above the cutting blade 28, and for example, liquid silicon or the like is provided by an automatic oil supply device (not shown). The mold releasing agent is supplied to the drip nozzle 29, and the mold releasing agent is supplied to the cutting blade 28 from the lower end opening of the nozzle 29 at regular intervals.

On the other hand, the extrudate cutting device 20 is provided with a box-shaped gas exhaust hood 30 in contact with the gate-shaped frame 21 thereof.
The gas exhaust hood 30 communicates with the inside of the gate-shaped frame 21, is surrounded by the gas exhaust duct 31, and a gas exhaust duct 31 is formed above the gas exhaust hood 30. A suction blower (not shown) is connected to the downstream side of the gas exhaust duct 31. Further, a box-shaped safety cover 40 is attached to the front frame side of the extrudate cutting device 20 opposite to the gas exhaust hood 30 by hinges on one side of the extrudate cutting device 20 on the upper and lower sides thereof. The other side is attached by being hooked, and is openable and closable as shown by the chain line in FIG. A transparent plastic plate is attached to the front surface 40a of the safety cover 40 so that the outlet nozzle 14 inside the extrudate cutting device 20, the cutting blade 28, and their peripheral portions can be inspected from the front. By the safety cover 40, it is possible to prevent a part of the gas body or extrudate from the outlet nozzle 14 from jumping out forward or around.

As shown in FIG. 1, a discharge chute 50 for the cut molding 70 is provided below the extrudate cutting device 20, and the lower end of the discharge chute 50 faces a cooling pond 60 filled with water. Is located.

In the volume reduction molding machine having such a configuration, the raw material fed from the raw material receiving hopper S through the supply port 11 is kneaded and compressed by the two screws 12 and heated by the heat transfer heater around the barrel 10. Barrel while receiving
It advances in 10 and is finally reduced in volume at the tip extrusion nozzle 13 and is continuously extruded through its outlet nozzle 14.
Then, this extrudate is extruded in a relatively soft and semi-solid state, and at the position where it exits the exit nozzle 14, the extrudate cutting device 20
The cutting blade 28 is reciprocally driven (moved up and down) at high speed by the air cylinder 27 to be cut into a predetermined length, and is recovered as a molded product 70 having a predetermined length. That is, at the time of this cutting, the cutting blade 28 moves forward (when it descends from the position of the blade 28 shown by the solid line in FIG. 3) and when it returns (2 in FIG. 3).
When rising from the position of the blade 28 indicated by the dotted line), in any case, cutting is performed by the blade portions 28a and 28b provided above and below, respectively, and efficient cutting is performed. Then,
The cutting blade 28 is attached obliquely with respect to its moving direction, and furthermore, since it moves at high speed, even if it is a soft semi-solid extrudate, the blade portions 28a, 28b surely and smoothly bite into the extrudate. The cutting is performed with good sharpness, and efficient molding work is performed. Then, in the present embodiment, the cutting blade 28 is the extrudate extruded from the other outlet nozzle 14 after the cutting of the extrudate extruded from the one outlet nozzle 14 of the left and right extruding nozzles 14 is completed. Since the blades are mounted diagonally with respect to the moving direction of the blade 28 in such a state that the cutting is started, the cutting force of the cutting blade can be applied to each one individually, and from this point as well, reliable and efficient cutting can be performed. be able to. On the contrary, it requires less cutting power.

The vertical drive cycle of the cutting blade 28 can be adjusted by controlling the vertical drive start timing of the air cylinder 27 by a timer, and the extrudate needs the cutting length by adjusting this timer. The length can be adjusted according to.

Then, at the time of cutting, the release agent is supplied to the drip nozzle 29 at a constant interval by the automatic oil supply device, the release agent is supplied from the drip nozzle 29 to the cutting blade 28 at a constant interval, and the molded product to the cutting blade 28 is supplied. Adhesion is prevented, and the cutting action of the molded product is continuously performed. This release agent is supplied from the upper part of the blade 28 at the position where the cutting blade 28 is mounted high, so the release agent naturally flows to the lower blade portions 28a, 28b and is supplied to the entire surface of the blade portion. It

On the other hand, during the molding operation, the safety cover 40 in front of the cutting device 20 is closed, and the high temperature gas (water vapor) generated by the kneading, compression and heating of the raw materials in the barrel 10 and a part of the molded product lose their shape. Even if it pops out of the exit nozzle 14, the safety cover 40 prevents the pop-out, and the work is performed safely. During the molding operation, the extruded state and the cut state of the extrudate are checked from the transparent plastic plate on the front surface of the safety cover 40. Further, the high temperature gas jumping out from the outlet nozzle 14 is sucked into the exhaust duct 31 via the gas exhaust hood 30 by the suction blower and carried away to another place.

And a molded product cut into a predetermined length as described above
70 falls below the outlet nozzle 14 and is guided to the discharge chute 50. It is put into the cooling pond 60 filled with water, cooled, and then recovered as a product.

Next, the result of actual volume reduction molding using the apparatus of this embodiment will be described.

A barrel of a volume reduction molding machine, which uses cutting waste (sawdust, planer scrap, lathe scrap, etc.) of monomer casting nylon resin [trade name: UMC (Ube Industries) as the raw material]
10 is heated by a heat transfer heater and volumetrically molded at a throughput of 200 kg / Hr,
The extrudate is continuously extruded from the exit nozzle 14 (nozzle inner diameter 50 mmφ) of the extrusion nozzle 13 at a discharge speed of 1.5 cm / sec,
The cutting blade 28 was cut at a high cutting speed (vertical movement speed) of 800 mm / sec by the blade portions 28a and 28b on both sides of the cutting blade 28 when the blade 28 was reciprocating while descending and rising. Exit nozzle at this time
The extrudate extruded from No. 14 was a soft and semi-solid material, and its properties were a viscosity of 100,000 poise (which is a fairly soft state for a resin), a specific gravity of 0.98 and a temperature of 100 ° C. Then, a molded product having a size of 50 mmφ × 100 ml was obtained as a product. Regarding the cutting condition at this time, the blade portion of the cutting blade 28 bite into the extruded product very smoothly, the cutting property is excellent, and the molded product having a stable shape (cylindrical shape) with very little deformation is obtained. At this time, the mold release agent (liquid silicon) was supplied to the cutting blade 28 at regular intervals, so that almost no adherence of the molded product to the blade portion was observed and continuous cutting was possible. Then, as a result of performing a cutting test by changing the cutting speed of the cutting blade 28 variously, it is extremely good if the cutting speed is set to a high speed range of 600 to 900 mm / sec for a soft semi-solid extrudate of this degree. It turned out to be cut. The water adhering to the raw materials during this molding operation was kneaded in a molding machine,
High temperature steam (about 100 ° C.) was generated by compression and heating, and occasionally spouted from the outlet nozzle 14, but this steam was caught by the safety cover 40 and then smoothly discharged from the gas exhaust hood 30.

In the above examples, the case where the cutting waste of molded plastic (cast nylon resin) is used as the raw material has been described, but in the present invention, waste plastics, shredder dust, expanded polystyrene boxes, etc. separated from municipal waste can also be applied. You can Also, not only volume reduction molding but also general extrusion molding of a type in which an extrudate extruded from the opening of a mold having a large number of openings at the barrel tip is cut into a predetermined length to obtain a molded article. can do.

[Effect of device]

As described above in detail, in the extrusion molding machine of the present invention, the extrudate extruded from the tip exit of the extrusion nozzle is moved forward and backward by the cutting blade that reciprocates up and down at the position of exiting the nozzle. In any case, the upper and lower blades can cut into a predetermined length, so that a molded product can be obtained very efficiently. At this time, since the blade is attached obliquely to the moving direction and moves at a high speed, even if it is a soft semi-solid extrudate, the blade part can surely and smoothly move to the extrudate. It is possible to cut into it by making it bite, and it is possible to obtain a good molded product with a stable shape.

Further, by supplying the release agent from the release agent drip nozzle, even if the extrudate is soft and easily adhered, it is possible to reduce the amount of the molding adhered to the surface of the blade, so that the cutting can be smoothly continued. be able to.

Also, when water is attached to the raw material and the extrudate is extruded at a high temperature, high-temperature gas (water vapor) jumps out from the nozzle tip, but a gas exhaust hood is provided in communication with the exit of the extrusion nozzle. As a result, the high temperature gas can be sucked from the gas exhaust hood, and the high temperature gas does not jump forward and the work can be performed safely.

[Brief description of drawings]

Each of the drawings shows an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a side view (partially sectional view) of a volume reduction molding machine as an extrusion molding machine, FIG. 2 is its plan view, FIG. 3 shows the details of an extrudate cutting device, and III of FIG. 〜III line enlarged front view, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV--IV in FIG. 10 …… Barrel, 11 …… Material supply port, 12 …… Screw, 13
…… Extrusion nozzle, 14 …… Outlet nozzle, 20 …… Extrudate cutting device, 27 …… Cylinder driving air cylinder, 28 …… Cutting blade, 28a, 28b …… Blade, 29 …… Release agent drip Nozzle, 30 ...
… Gas exhaust hood, 40… Safety cover, 50… Discharge chute, 70… Molded product.

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A material supply port is provided on the base end side, and
In an extruder having a barrel having an extrusion nozzle attached to the tip side and a screw inserted in the barrel, a semi-solid material as an extrusion molded article is extruded from the extrusion nozzle. A cutting blade that cuts the extrudate into a predetermined length is provided at a position close to the exit end of the extrusion nozzle so as to be capable of reciprocating at high speed between the upper side and the lower side of the extrusion nozzle. An extrusion molding machine, characterized in that blades are formed on both upper and lower sides of the direction and are attached obliquely to the moving direction. 2. The extrusion molding machine according to claim 1, wherein a release agent drip nozzle is provided above the cutting blade at a position facing the cutting blade. 3. The extruder according to claim 1, wherein a gas exhaust hood is provided in communication with the outlet of the extrusion nozzle.