RU2379550C2 - Road power device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: road power device includes movement converters, shaft, multiplier, electric generator and horizontal spring-loaded platforms. The latter are installed with possibility of vertical back-and-forth movement and interact with movable objects. Each movement converter includes the first and the second screws, as well as the first and the second wheel gears. Screws are rigidly connected to each other with the first and the second parallel gear racks. Wheel gears are fixed on frames of appropriate overrunning clutches on common output shaft. Racks are offset relative to each other in transverse direction and interact with wheel gears of appropriate pair on diametrically opposite sides. Overrunning clutches of each pair are installed so that when the first ones of them are engaged, the other clutches transmitting the rotation in return direction are not engaged, and vice versa.

EFFECT: simplifying the design of converters of back-and-forth movement to rotational movement and improving power device efficiency.

5 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of renewable energy sources, namely to the use of potential energy of moving vehicles or pedestrians, and its conversion into other types of energy, mainly into electric energy.

The known converter of wind and wave energy (Aliev A.S., Aliyev B.Z. "The converter of wind and wave energy", patent of the Russian Federation No. 2254494 from 09/10/2003 F03D 5/04), which contains rotating platforms connected with levers . On each platform a blade is installed. The energy transducer also contains kinematically coupled motion transducer and a node for changing the orientation and fixing the position of the blade, interacting with a wind vane. The motion converter through the multiplier is connected to an electric generator.

The disadvantages of the known energy Converter include the complexity of the design and the impossibility of its use on land.

A wave energy converter is also known (Aliev A.S., Aliev R.A. “Wave energy converter”, RF patent No. 2300663 dated November 22, 2005, F03B 13/12), which can be indicated as the closest analogue of the invention ( prototype).

The prototype contains a kinematically connected rack, float chambers, a frame, a shaft, a multiplier and a generator. In addition, the converter further comprises a second shaft interacting with each other, first and second gears and at least two motion converters. In addition, each motion transducer contains a vertical rod installed with the possibility of vertical vibrations, at the upper end of which the first block is installed, and at the lower end - the third star interacting with the first and second float chambers.

As a disadvantage of the prototype, you can specify the structural complexity of the motion Converter and the impossibility of its use on land to convert the potential energy of vehicles.

The technical task is to simplify the design of converters reciprocating to rotary and creating on their basis a potential energy converter for moving vehicles or pedestrians into electric ones.

This technical problem is solved by creating a fundamentally new design of the road power device, which contains kinematically connected horizontal spring-loaded platforms and vertical rods installed with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the vertical direction and interacting with moving objects, such as vehicles (or pedestrians). The device also contains motion transducers that interact with respective horizontal platforms. Moreover, each motion transducer contains first and second rods, which are connected to each other by the first and second parallel gear racks motionlessly, as well as first and second gears, mounted motionlessly on the clips of the corresponding overrunning clutches, the hubs of which are motionlessly mounted on a common output shaft. Moreover, the first and second gear racks are shifted relative to each other in the transverse direction and interact with the first and second gears of the corresponding pair from diametrically opposite sides. At the same time, overrunning clutches of each pair are installed so that when the first of them, transmitting rotation to the output shaft clockwise, are in the clutch, the second couplings, transmitting rotation in the opposite direction, are out of clutch and vice versa.

Each horizontal platform is pivotally connected to two inclined rectangular shields, the lower edges of which on the rollers are moved apart on a horizontal pallet in different directions along the path of vehicles.

In the motion transducer, the third and fourth gears interacting with two parallel gear racks are mounted on the common shaft with the possibility of free rotation, and spring-loaded dogs are mounted on their lateral surfaces, interacting with the corresponding ratchet wheels mounted motionless on the common output shaft.

The road power device further comprises a centrifugal rotational speed controller pivotally mounted on a stationary vertical strut, which interacts via an overrunning clutch with the output shaft of the multiplier and through a bevel gear pair with an electric generator. In this case, the slider with the brake disc interacts with a fixed disk mounted on a vertical rack.

The road power device additionally contains identical parallel shafts interacting with each other through corresponding overrunning clutches, stars and a kinematic chain link.

The principle of operation of the road power device is illustrated in figures 1-9.

Figure 1 presents the location of the transducers of movement across a two-lane roadway, where:

1 - roadway;

2 - shaft;

3 - inclined boards;

4 - platform;

5 - swivel joints;

6 - pallet;

7 - flywheel;

8 - multiplier;

9 - electric generator.

Figure 2 presents a diagram of a chain connection between parallel connected shafts 2, where:

10 - overrunning clutches;

11 - stars;

12 is a chain.

Figure 3 presents the design of the attachment point of the platform 4, where positions 3-6 are the same as in figure 1;

13 - rollers;

14 - springs;

15 - stock;

16 - motion converter.

Figure 4 presents the location of the converters along the pedestrian path and stairs, where positions 13-16 are the same as in figure 3;

17 - metal frame.

Figure 3 presents the design of the node for adjusting the rotation speed of the generator, where:

18 - a vertical rack;

19 - centrifugal speed controller;

20 - regulator sleeve;

21 - slider;

22 - a brake disk;

23 - fixed disk;

24 - persistent rings;

25 - freewheel;

26, 27, 28 - the first, second and third bevel gears;

29 - an electric generator.

Figure 6 presents the design of the mounting unit of the platform, interacting with the wheel of the railway carriage, where positions 3-16 are the same as in figure 3;

30 - rail;

31 - wheel;

32 - wheel rim;

33 - a persistent ring;

34 - lower stock.

Fig. 7 is a view C of Fig. 6, where positions 2-34 are the same as in Fig. 6.

On Fig presents the design of the first embodiment of the motion Converter, where:

35 - stock;

36 - brackets;

37, 38 - the first and second gear racks;

39, 40 - the first and second gears;

41, 42 - the first and second overrunning clutches;

43 - shaft.

In Fig.9 presents a view aa of Fig.8, where the positions 35-43 are the same as in Fig.8.

The vast territory of Russia, as well as the whole world, is covered by a web of highways and railways.

Modern information space systems make it possible to control and protect the country's wealth with high accuracy, in particular forest, oil, gas, fauna, etc. For this purpose, it is necessary to install information sensors along the oil and gas pipelines, highway and railway tracks. To supply such sensors installed at great distances from each other, where there is no centralized power supply, autonomous sources of electrical energy are required.

The development of alternative sources of electric energy that work under the influence of the weight of passing automobile or railway transport, as well as under the weight of a pedestrian and animals, is relevant and in demand.

The road power device is installed across the highway or railway tracks (see figure 1).

The power on the shaft 2 of the energy device depends on the number and power of a single motion converter 16.

Horizontal platforms 4 using hinges 5 are connected to inclined shields 3 and are installed with the possibility of vertical movement up and down. The magnitude of this movement can be set in the range from 3 to 7 cm. So that drivers do not go around the platforms, they must occupy the entire width of the road, or between them it is necessary to erect hillocks made of asphalt with the height of the platforms. Thus, an obstacle is created on the road, similar to the “speed bump”, which should be indicated by the appropriate traffic sign. At the four corners of the horizontal platform 4, springs 14 are installed, which lift it up after passing through the wheels of the car. The rod 15 is fixedly attached to the lower surface of the platform, which makes a reciprocating movement up and down. The lower ribs of the inclined shields 3 are pivotally connected to the rollers (rollers) 13, which roll back from the center in different directions. In this case, the platform 4 and the inclined shields 3 under the weight of the car are pressed against the pallet 6. The springs 16 are installed in special recesses of the pallet, which provide the maximum stroke of the rod 15.

After removing the load, the compressed springs 14 squeeze the platform 4 up. Thus, under the influence of the wheels of the car, the rod makes a reciprocating movement up and down. The potential energy of the compressed springs must be such that the energy transmitted by the rod to the motion transducer 16 when lifting the platform 4 is equal to the energy transmitted when it is lowered under the weight of the vehicle. For this, the compression force of eight springs should be equal to half the weight of the car.

The dimensions of the platforms 4 and their location on the roadway 1 must be selected so that they interact with the wheels of the maximum number of passing cars on both sides of the track.

The rotational energy is also transmitted to the common shaft 2 from the second pair of motion converters installed in the oncoming traffic lane. Depending on the width of the road and the number of lanes, the number of pairs of traffic converters may vary. In addition, to increase the output power of the energy device and increase the synchronization of rotation of the common output shaft, a parallel connection of several shafts can be used. The total power of the device is determined by the unit power of one transducer, multiplied by the number of motion transducers installed on one shaft, as well as the number of shafts connected in parallel. This amount is set out of economic feasibility.

The kinematic diagram of the connection of parallel mounted shafts 2 is shown in figure 2. At the ends of the shafts, the hubs of the overrunning couplings are fixedly mounted.

Overrunning clutch 10 is installed so as to summarize the power generated on each shaft. That shaft, which prevents the rotation of the common output shaft, is automatically derived from the kinematic scheme. The freewheel ferrule and the star 11 on such a shaft rotates freely with the shaft stationary.

The power device shown in figures 1-3, can also be installed on the railway track. In this case, only the design of the platform mount assembly is changed (see FIG. 6 and FIG. 7).

In this case, the inclined boards and the platform have a small width and should be installed near the rails from the outside. Inclined shields 3 and platform 4 must interact with the cages of the wheels 31 of the wagons, as a result of which the spring-loaded rod makes a reciprocating motion. The motion Converter converts the energy of the reciprocating motion of the rod 15 into the energy of the rotational motion of the output shaft 2.

It is necessary to install a massive flywheel 7. A flywheel increases the synchronization of rotation of the generator 9. A multiplier 8, connected to the output shaft, serves to increase the speed of rotation of the shaft to the nominal rotation speed of the generator 9.

In the case of using an alternator, alternating voltage through the rectifier 33 can be applied to the battery 34.

Figure 4 presents the pedestrian version of the energy device.

The device operates under the influence of gravity of pedestrians, advancing on a sliding platform 4 mounted on a metal frame 17.

The springs 14 mounted at the corners of the quadrangular platform 4 give it a horizontal position. Vertical rods 15, fixedly connected with horizontal platforms, perform reciprocating motion within 3-7 cm. The lower ends of the rods are connected to the corresponding motion transducers 16. The motion transducers are mounted on a common shaft 2. A flywheel 7 is installed on this shaft and through a multiplier 8 connected to an electric generator 9.

If necessary, in a pedestrian variant, a parallel connection of the shafts using a chain link can also be used (see figure 2).

To regulate the rotation speed of the generator can be used the classic speed controller (Fig. 5).

A centrifugal speed controller 19 is pivotally mounted on a stationary vertical stand 18. A driven bevel gear 27 is fixedly mounted on the hub of the regulator 20. The bevel gear 26 is mounted on the clip of the freewheel 25, the hub of which is mounted on the output shaft of the multiplier 8. The bevel gear 27 through the third bevel gear 28 transmits rotation to the generator 29.

With an increase in the speed of rotation of the driven gear 27, the slider 21 with the brake disc 22 is pressed against the fixed disc 23 mounted on the vertical strut 18. The greater the excess speed of the gear 27, the greater the braking force. Thus, the rotation speed of the generator 29 is synchronized.

On Fig presents the design of the motion Converter.

The rods 35 are fixedly connected to each other by means of two parallel gear racks 37, 38 and two transverse brackets 36. The brackets 36 are Z-shaped. Toothed racks are attached to the brackets on two different sides.

On the shaft 43, the hubs of the first 41 and second 42 overrunning clutches are fixedly mounted. The clips of said freewheel clutches are motionlessly connected to the corresponding gears 39, 40. Moreover, each freewheel clutch operates in antiphase. When the hub of the first overrunning clutch 41 is engaged with the ferrule, the hub of the second overrunning clutch 42 rotates freely (i.e., is not engaged with the ferrule).

During the reverse movement of the rods 35 under the influence of the spring, the second overrunning clutch 42 enters the clutch. Due to the fact that the gear racks interact with gears 39, 40 mounted on the cages of the overrunning clutches operating in antiphase, the shaft 43 maintains a constant direction of rotation.

To increase the synchronization of rotation of the output shaft, a flywheel 7 is installed on it.

The output shaft is connected to the multiplier 8, which serves to increase the speed of rotation to the nominal speed of rotation of the generator 9.

To regulate the rotation speed of the generator can be used a classic speed controller with an additional brake system (see figure 5). As an electric generator, low-speed electric generators for wind power plants providing a rated power of 1-10 kW at 300 rpm can be used. After the generator, an alternating voltage is rectified and supplied to the battery.

The road power device can be used as an autonomous source of electric and thermal energy in places where there is no centralized energy supply, in particular as an autonomous source of electric energy for information sensors.

Claims (5)

1. A road power device containing motion converters, a shaft, a multiplier, an electric generator and horizontal spring-loaded platforms mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the vertical direction and interacting with moving objects, such as vehicles (or pedestrians), characterized in that each converter the movement contains the first and second rods, which are connected to each other - the first and second - stationary gear racks motionless, as well as the first and second gears mounted motionlessly on the clips of the respective freewheels, the hubs of which are motionlessly mounted on a common output shaft, the first and second gear racks being shifted relative to each other in the transverse direction and interacting with the first and second gears of the corresponding pair from diametrically opposite sides, while the freewheels of each pair are installed so that when the first of them, transmitting rotation to the output shaft clockwise, are in the clutch, the second couplings, transmitting rotation in ar tnom direction, are out of the clutch and vice versa. 2. The road power device according to claim 1, characterized in that each horizontal platform is pivotally connected to two inclined rectangular shields, the lower edges of which on the rollers are moved apart on a horizontal pallet in different directions along the path of vehicles. 3. The road power device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the motion transducer the third and fourth gears interacting with two parallel gear racks are mounted on a common shaft with the possibility of free rotation, and spring-loaded dogs interacting with the corresponding ones are installed on their side surfaces ratchet wheels mounted stationary on a common output shaft. 4. The road power device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a centrifugal speed controller pivotally mounted on a stationary vertical strut, which interacts through an overrunning clutch with the output shaft of the multiplier and through a conical pair of gears with an electric generator, while the slider with a brake disk interacts with a fixed disk mounted on a vertical rack. 5. The road power device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises identical parallel shafts interacting with each other through respective overrunning clutches, stars and a kinematic chain link.

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