RU2344315C1 - Fluid medium energy converter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to renewable energy sources, namely to wind energy and serves mainly for converting it into electric energy. Converter comprises framework and kinematically connected to each other by the first chain first and second blades, first and second stars, first and second pinions mounted on the respective shafts as well as conical pair of pinions interacting with speed-increasing gear and generator, first and second overrunning clutches with their races connected to the respective stars. Hubs are rigidly fixed at the respective shafts. The blades are mounted at the framework with the possibility of back-and-forth motion and interact with the blades opening and closing units set at the opposite butt ends of the framework. The converter can comprise third and fourth blades operating in antiphase to the first blade pair. The blade can be made as folding halves. In case of large dimensions each blade can comprise second unit for adjusting angle of the blade opening which is set at the lower end of the blade pole. The converter can comprise sealed chambers rigidly connected to the framework butt ends. The converter can comprise two parallel adjacent pipes with two blades consisting of two halves being mounted inside the pipes.

EFFECT: increasing efficiency and expanding background of application.

11 cl, 13 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the use of renewable energy sources, namely wind and hydropower, and their conversion into other types, mainly into electrical energy.

Known wind power installation (Tsybulnikov S.I. Wind power installation. RU No. 2125182 C1, CL. F03D 5/04, 01/20/1999) using the main working element in the form of a sail installed on the platform, and the platforms are connected, in turn , in the composition, the beginning and end of which are connected together, that is, form a ring. The composition is installed on a circular path corresponding to the size of the platforms. The sail has the highest wind energy utilization. The power developed by the installation is taken from the platform wheel shaft.

The disadvantage of this wind power installation is the mechanical (manual) initial installation of the orientation of the sail depending on the direction of the wind and manual adjustment of its position when changing the direction of the wind. In addition, the orientation of the sail changes synchronously throughout the passage of the platform along the ring path. During this time, the sail makes a half-turn (180 °) around its axis (rack). Such a change in the orientation of the blades (sails) on the overwhelming segment of the platform passing along the annular path does not provide for effective selection of wind energy.

A wind turbine is also known (Aliev A.S. Aliyev’s wind turbine. RU No. 2224135 C1, Cl. F03D 5/00, 02/20/2004), which by its design features can be specified as a prototype of the proposed energy converter.

The prototype contains a circular road, a platform, a rack, a blade, a weather vane, a node for changing the orientation and fixing the position of the blade.

The platforms rotate around a vertical central shaft, from which movement is transmitted to an electric generator or a water pump.

The disadvantages of the prototype include the complexity of the design of the node changes the orientation and fixation of the blade, which complicates its use. In addition, the design of the prototype does not allow its use in hydraulic motors.

The aim of this invention is to simplify the design of the Converter and expand the scope of its application in hydropower plants.

This goal is achieved by using a new fluid energy conversion structure (wind turbine or hydraulic motor), which contains the frame and the first and second blades kinetically connected to each other by the first chain, the first and second stars, the first and second gears mounted on the respective shafts, as well as the bevel a pair of gears interacting with the multiplier and the generator, as well as the nodes of opening and closing the blades interacting with each other, the first and second overrunning clutches, the clips of which are connected with the corresponding stars, and the hubs are fixedly mounted on the respective shafts, while the first and second blades are mounted on the frame with the possibility of reciprocating motion in the direction of flow of the medium and interact with the nodes of the opening and closing of the blades mounted on opposite end ends of the frame.

The second embodiment of the fluid energy converter additionally interacts with the first and second shafts third and fourth blades kinematically connected by the second circuit and third and fourth overrunning clutches, on the clips of which the corresponding stars are mounted. Moreover, the hubs of the first and second, third and fourth overrunning clutches are installed in pairs and motionless on the corresponding vertical shafts. In this case, a pair of blades - the first, second and a couple - the third, fourth work in antiphase, and the work of the second pair of blades is shifted relative to the work of the first pair by a quarter of the period (90 °). At the end of the working stroke, each half of the blade interacts with bearings with the corresponding blade closing unit, and at the end of the passive stroke, the folded half of the blade interact with the corresponding blade opening unit.

Each blade of the energy converter contains a vertical strut and two folding halves interacting with a blade angle adjustment unit mounted on the upper end of the strut. At the same time, the upper end of the rack is pivotally connected with two rollers freely rolling along the edge of the corner of the upper frame of the frame, and the lower end of the rack is pivotally connected to the third roller rolling along the edge of the corner of the lower frame of the frame. In addition, at the upper end of each half of the blade there is a magnet and a pair of bearings interacting with the blade closing assembly, and the blade stand is fixedly connected to the chain.

With large sizes, each blade further includes a second blade angle adjustment unit mounted on the lower end of the blade strut, interacting with its two halves.

Each node for adjusting the opening angle of the blade contains coaxial and pivotally mounted on the rack of the blade of the outer and inner bushings with inclined oppositely directed slots, motionlessly connected respectively with the right and left halves of the blade. In addition, it contains a ring with a finger, the tip of which interacts with the inclined slots of the bushings, and the ring itself, mounted on the external sleeve with the possibility of free longitudinal movement, interacts through a spring with a restrictive ring mounted motionless on the blade rack.

The disclosure of the blade contains interacting with each other through the first spring of the inner and outer bushings. Moreover, the outer sleeve, motionlessly connected with the wedge, has the possibility of only longitudinal displacement relative to the inner sleeve, motionlessly connected with the vertical strut.

Each blade closing assembly contains two pairs of bearings interacting with each other, a pair of magnets and spring-loaded stops pivotally mounted on two brackets fixedly connected to the frame.

The first and second versions of the fluid energy converter further comprise a first and a second sealed chamber fixedly connected to the end faces of the frame.

The third version of the energy converter contains two parallel adjacent pipes, in the middle of which a sealed chamber is installed, and inside each there are two blades consisting of two halves, two vertical posts on which the corresponding stars are pivotally mounted. At the same time, an additional four stars are pivotally mounted on the walls of the branched pipe sections using brackets. In addition, in the sealed chamber with the possibility of free rotation, two gear racks are installed vertically, on which, in turn, the first, second and third, fourth stars are fixedly mounted, each pair of which is connected with the first and second blades using the first chain, and using the second chain with the third and fourth blades, respectively. In addition, each half of the blade has a semicircular shape, in the horizontal section of which a magnet is installed, and a pair of bearings. Moreover, at the upper and lower ends of each rack, the blades are pivotally mounted with two bearings connected by horizontal jumpers. In addition, parallel to the chains, motionlessly connected with the racks of the blades, stretched the first and second cables freely passed through the racks of the blades.

The fourth version of the energy Converter in addition to the first and second options contains flat and conical weathervanes, as well as the braking unit, interacting with a conical weathervane. In this case, the frame at one end is pivotally connected to the stand of the conical weather vane with the possibility of free rotation around it, and the other end of the frame is motionless connected with a flat weather vane, motionlessly installed and oriented in the direction of movement of the blades.

The braking assembly comprises clutch and brake disks interacting with each other, a lever, a cable, and also a conical weather vane mounted with the possibility of longitudinal displacement along the horizontal lever, the clutch disc being fixedly connected to the coaxial second gear.

Figure 1 presents a top view of a first embodiment of a fluid energy converter, where:

1 - frame;

2 - uprights;

3, 4 - the first and second sealed chambers;

5 - upper frame;

6 - stars;

7 - brackets;

8 - upper platform;

9 - node disclosure of the blade;

10 - node closure of the blade;

11 - bearings;

12 - magnets;

13, 14 - the first and second gears; 15, 16 - the first and second blades; 17 - cable (chain);

Figure 2 presents a top view of a second variant of the energy Converter, where the positions 1-17 are the same as in figure 1; 18, 19 - the third, fourth blades.

Figure 3 presents a view aa of the energy converter of figure 2, where positions 1-19 are the same as in figure 2;

20 - central stars;

21 - overrunning clutches;

22 - bearings;

23 - node adjustment of the angle of the blade;

24 - a leading bevel gear;

25 - driven bevel gear;

26 - lower frame;

27 - lower platform;

28 - upper and lower cables;

29 - gear shafts;

30 - jumpers;

31 - videos.

4 shows a fifth embodiment of a fluid energy converter, where:

32, 33 - upper and lower platforms; 34, 35 - the first and second shafts; 36, 37 - the first and second gears;

38, 39, 40, 41 - the first, second, third and fourth overrunning clutches with stars 42;

43, 44 - the first and second chains;

45.46 - lower and upper bearings;

47, 48 - leading and driven gears;

49 - fifth overrunning clutch;

50 - common output shaft;

51 - flywheel;

52 - brackets.

Figure 5 presents a view of DD according to figure 4, where the positions 34-44 are the same as in figure 4.

Figure 6 presents the design of the folding blade 15, where:

53 - a persistent ring;

54, 55 - the first, second mounting rings;

56 - the right folding half of the blade;

57 - fiberglass;

58.59 - outer and inner bushings with inclined slots;

60 - second jumpers;

61 - movable ring;

62 - bracket;

63 - restrictive ring;

64 - a lock bolt;

65, 66 - the first and second springs;

67 - brackets;

68 - movie;

69 - angle of the frame;

70 - the right half of the blade;

71 - chain.

In Fig.7 presents a view In Fig.6 on the node for adjusting the angle of the opening of the blade 23, where: positions 61 - 71 are the same as in Fig.6;

72 - the left half of the blade;

73, 74 - cuts in the outer 58 and inner 59 bushings.

On Fig presents the design of the node opening the blades, where:

position 2, 14 are the same as in figure 1;

75 - a collar;

76 - inner glass;

77 - the outer glass;

78 - groove;

79 - wedge;

80 - spring;

81 - restrictive plates;

82 - a bolt.

In Fig.9 shows the design of the node closing the blades, where: positions 4 to 10 are the same as in Fig.8;

83 - strap installed with a clamp;

84 - stops;

85 - second springs;

86 - brackets;

87, 88 - the first and second pair of bearings.

Figure 10 presents the design of the third variant of the Converter, where:

89 - main gas pipeline (oil pipeline);

90 - left and right branches;

91 - rack blades;

92 - folding blades;

93 - bearings;

94 - nodes of the disclosure of the blade;

95 - chain;

96 - stars;

97 - brackets;

98 - racks;

99 - second brackets;

100 - central stars;

101 - nodes closing the blades;

102 - sealed chamber.

Figure 11 presents a view of CC in figure 10, where: 103,104 - the upper and lower covers; 105,106 - left and right rack of the blade; 107.108 - left and right folding blades;

109 - stars;

110, 111 - the left and right central stars; 112,113 - left and right gear shafts; 114 - chain;

115, 116 - left and right overrunning clutches; 117,118 - left and right gears; 119 - bearings;

120, 121 - leading and driven bevel gears;

122 - multiplier;

123 - electric generator;

124 - bearings;

125 - brackets.

On Fig presents a view of a folding circular blade, where: 126,127 - left and right halves of the blade; 128,129 - upper and lower bearings;

130 - brackets;

131 - thrust ring;

133 - stops of the node closing the blades;

134 - chain;

135 - guide wire;

136 - bearings;

137 - brackets.

In Fig.13, the fourth is a wind version of the energy converter, where positions 2 to 71 are the same as in Fig.2 and Fig.3;

139 - the third gear;

140 - fifth overrunning clutch;

141, 142 - the second pair of bevel gears;

143 - common output shaft;

144 - braking unit, which consists of the following positions:

145 - clutch disc;

146 - brake disc;

147 - lever;

148 - emphasis;

149 - thrust bearing;

150 - stand of the weather vane;

151 - sleeve weather vane;

152 - block;

153 - cable;

154 - conical (or pyramidal) weather vane;

155 - spring;

156 - thrust ring;

157 - horizontal lever;

158 - thrust bearing;

159 - bracket;

160 - wheel;

161 - stand flat weather vane;

162 - flat weather vane;

163 - the upper tier of the blade;

164 - rack of the upper tier of the blade;

165 - upper jumper rollers;

166 - jumper blades.

The principle of operation of the fluid energy Converter, the design of which is presented in figure 1 - figure 9, is as follows.

The energy converter is intended primarily for converting the energy of a flowing river into electrical or mechanical energy. The design of the converter consists of a rigid frame, the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. The upper 5 and lower 26 rectangular frames are welded from a metal corner. At the elongated sides of the frames, the rectangular faces of the corners 69 are directed up and down. The frames are connected to each other using six vertical racks 2 and form a rigid frame 1.

To ensure positive buoyancy of the energy converter when it is immersed in water, the first and second sealed chambers (pontoons) 3, 4 are fixedly attached to the end corners of the upper frame. The volume of the sealed chambers is selected so that the upper platform 8 and the mechanisms installed on it (positions 5-25 ) were in the water position.

Using two cables, the energy converter is attached to pins driven into the ground on both sides of the river. To the uprights 2 with the help of brackets 7 the stars are pivotally mounted 6. The stars are installed on two levels. Through the stars are thrown and pulled chains. They form four rectangular contours. Two of them are at the top, two at the bottom. In each circuit, the chain additionally covers the central stars 20 mounted on the corresponding overrunning clutches 21, the hubs of which are fixedly mounted on the gear shafts 29.

The first version of the energy converter contains two blades. The second version of the energy converter contains four blades, which consist of two folding rectangular halves. Both halves of the blade are pivotally mounted on a vertical rack of the blade with the possibility of rotation in the range from 0 to 90 °. On the rack above and below the blades are installed nodes for adjusting the angle of opening of the blade 23. Bearings 11 are mounted pivotally over both halves of the blade 11. At the end of the blade travel, these bearings interact with the stops of the blade closing assembly 10, which press the two halves of the blade against each other. The magnets 12 installed in the tips of the halves of the blade retain such a folded position of the blade until the end of the passive (reverse) stroke of the blade against the flow of the river (or wind). At the end of the passive section, the bearings 11 encounter the edge of the wedge of the opening unit of the blade 9, which, overcoming the attractive forces of magnets, separates the left and right halves of the blade from each other. Further opening of the blade is assisted by the compressed spring 66 of the blade angle adjustment unit and the impending flow of water (or wind). However, the restrictive plates 81 of the opening unit of the blade 9 prevent the full opening of the blade until the second blade is fully closed in the working position. While the first (right) blade 15 is in the passive (folded) position, the second (left) blade 16 is in the working (open) position.

Switching blades from a working active position to a passive one, and vice versa, occurs almost simultaneously.

To ensure synchronous operation of the generator when the blades of the energy converter are located at the “meter point”, a flywheel 51 mounted on a common output shaft 50 can be used.

In this design, for the same purpose, a second pair of blades is used, the movement of which is shifted relative to the movement of the first pair by 90 ° (see FIG. 2 and FIG. 3). At each moment of time, at least one blade is open, i.e. in working position. Basically in working position there are two blades, one on the right and left sides of the frame. The moments created by the pressure of the water on the working blades are summed up on the common output shaft 50. In this case, the synchronization of rotation of the output shaft increases. To increase the output power, a large number of such energy converters can be connected in parallel. For this purpose, a bevel gear 47 is additionally mounted on the shaft of the first gear 36, which transmits rotation to the driven gear 48 mounted on the common shaft 50, passing through the centers of the energy converters parallel or sequentially mounted.

Figure 3 presents a view aa of figure 2. At the corner of the upper frame 5, rollers 31 roll together by a jumper 30. The jumper is fixedly connected to the upper end of the blade post. A third roller is also fixedly mounted at the lower end of the blade rack, which rolls along the corner of the lower frame 26. A blade consisting of two halves is pivotally mounted on the rack. Both halves of the blade interact with the upper and lower nodes for adjusting the opening angle of the blade 23. These nodes control the opening angle of the two halves of the blade in the range from 0 to ± 180 ° depending on the speed of the river.

The energy converter consists of two parts, symmetrical with respect to the output shaft 50. Each part contains two blades and eight blocks or stars installed in two tiers. The stars are pivotally mounted at the corners of the rectangle and, with the help of appropriate brackets, are connected to the vertical posts 2 of the frame 1. Chains 17 interacting with the upper and lower two central stars 20 are thrown over the stars of the upper and lower tiers, respectively. The central stars are fixedly mounted on the clips of the corresponding freewheels 21, the hubs of which are fixedly mounted on the shafts 29 of the first and second gears. Overrunning clutches are mounted on the shafts of 29 gears so that when the first overrunning clutch enters the clutch, the overrunning clutch of the second gear goes out of the clutch and vice versa. Since gears 36 and 37 (see Fig. 4) have the same parameters - diameters and number teeth, pinions, they become in turn. Regardless of this shift, each gear rotates continuously in the same direction.

Thus, regardless of the direction of movement of the blades 15, 16 and the rotation of the central stars 20, the moments of rotation of the four central stars are added up in pairs and transmitted to a common output shaft 50. The chain transmission eliminates slippage and has high efficiency. Chain gears can be used two. In this case, the chain can be single and passed through the middle of the racks of the blades.

The upper 8 and lower 27 platforms are used to install the gear racks and the gears themselves, the multiplier and the generator. These platforms are fixedly attached to the middle of the upper and lower frames. On the axis of rotation of the first gear 13, the driving bevel gear 24 is fixedly mounted. The driven bevel gear 25 is fixedly mounted on the input shaft of the multiplier. From the multiplier, the rotation is transmitted to the electric generator or to the water pump (not shown in FIG. 2).

Sealed chambers (pontoons) 3, 4 have a streamlined shape and are attached to the middle of the end sides of the upper frame 5. They provide the necessary positive buoyancy of the energy converter in the water stream. In addition, hermetically sealed chambers divide the water flow into two parts and directs them to the working blades.

Figure 6 shows the design of a folding blade in conjunction with two nodes for adjusting the angle of opening of the blade 15. The upper rollers 68 are connected by a bracket 67 with a jumper 30. The center of the jumper is fixedly connected to the rack of the blade 70. In fact, the blade is suspended from the side corner of the upper frame. The lower end of the rack using the bracket is connected with the third lower roller 68. The roller with the bracket cover the angle of the lower frame 26. This installation of the blades ensures their free reciprocating movement along the side ribs of the frames.

Two thrust rings 53 are fixedly mounted on the blade rack. Above the thrust rings on the blade rack, the first and second mounting rings are installed with the possibility of free rotation. One half of the blade (for example, the left) is fixedly connected to the first ring 54 using the second jumper 60. The second (right) half of the blade 56 is also fixedly connected to the second ring 55 by means of a jumper.

When changing the speed of the river, to adjust the effective area of the blade, nodes are used to adjust the angle of the opening of the blade 23, including positions 55-66.

To keep the blade in the closed position, two magnets 12 are used.

The magnets are fixed on the front edge of the two halves of the blade on the inside. The contour of each half of the blade can be made of a pipe of rectangular or circular cross-section, covered with fiberglass and coated with fiberglass 71. With the small size of the blades, only one assembly 23 above the blade can be used.

The node for adjusting the opening angle of the blade 23 consists of external and internal bushings 58, 59 with inclined slots. These bushings are mounted on a rack of the blade 70 with the possibility of free rotation. In this case, the outer sleeve with the second jumper 60 is fixedly connected to the right half of the blade 56, and the inner sleeve is also fixedly connected with the left half of the blade 72 (see Fig. 7). The inclined slots 73, 74 in the bushings 58, 59 are directed in different directions - "crosswise." The slots occupy 90 ° around the bushings circumference with the addition of the thickness of the bracket tip 62. The lower bracket tip is included in the cuts of both bushings 73, 74.

The upper end of the bracket is fixedly connected to the movable ring 61. The first cylindrical spring 66 is mounted above the movable ring. One end of the first spring abuts against the restrictive ring 63 with the locking bolt 64. The second end of this spring abuts against the end of the inner sleeve 59.

When the blades are closed at the end of the stroke, the bearings 11 mounted on the upper end of each half of the blade encounter the stops of the blade closing assembly 10. The angle between the two halves of the blades decreases from 180 ° to 0 °. While the inclined slots 73, 74 in the bushings 58, 59 push the tip of the bracket 62 down. Spring 66 further reduces the angle between the two halves of the blades. Sandwiched between the restrictive 63 and movable 61 rings, the spring moves the ring 61 and its associated bracket 62 downward. The tip of the bracket interacts with the inclined slots and turns the sleeves 58, 59, as well as the right and left half of the blade associated with them towards each other. The lower position of the bracket 62 corresponds to the complete closure of the blade. Magnets 12 holds this position throughout the passive stroke of the blade.

The disclosure of the blade is carried out using the wedge of the opening unit of the blade 9, overcoming the magnetic forces of attraction between two magnets 12 mounted on two halves of the blade. The angle between the two halves of the blade increases. This process contributes to the oncoming flow of water (or wind). When the two halves of the blade are opened, the bushings 58 and 59 associated with them rotate in the opposite direction. The interaction of the slots 73 and 74 with the tip of the bracket 62 leads to the fact that the spring 66 is compressed. This leads to the prevention of impact during the opening of the blade. The angle of the opening of the blade can be adjusted by moving the restrictive ring with a locking bolt along the rack of the blade, as well as selecting the stiffness of the spring. The need for a change in the effective area of the blades arises when the speed of a river or wind changes. Changing the opening angle of the two halves of the blade will allow you to adjust the speed of rotation of the output shaft, and therefore the generator in a wide range of changes in the velocity of the medium (water or wind). Chain 71 may be skipped in the middle of the blade post (see FIG. 7).

The installation of two nodes for adjusting the opening angle of the blade 23 at the two ends of the rack of the blade 70 can improve the reliability of the energy Converter with large sizes of the blades.

The principle of operation of the node disclosure of the blade, the design of which is presented in Fig. 8, is as follows.

The assembly is attached to the rack 2 of the frame using a clamp 75. The clamp is fixedly connected to the inner cup 76. The outer cup 77 is mounted on the inner cup with the possibility of free longitudinal displacement. For this purpose, a longitudinal groove 78 is provided in the outer cup. The bolt 82 passes freely along the groove and is screwed into the threaded hole in the inner cup.

In this case, a flat wedge 79, oriented in the horizontal plane, is welded to the end of the outer glass. Spring 80 works in tension and squeezes the glasses apart. In addition, in the plane of the wedge from two sides to the lateral surfaces of the outer glass there are restrictive plates 81.

When approaching a closed blade in an extremely upper position (see figure 2), its front bearings 11 encounter the edge of the wedge of the opening unit 9.

The second blade 16 at this point in time is in a half-open position.

The first bearings 11 interact with the stops 84 of the closure assembly of the blade 10. However, the effective area of the second blade is larger than the first and pushes the first blade to the tip of the wedge 79. Overcoming the magnetic forces of attraction of the magnets 12, the wedge opens the first blade 15. Side restrictive plates 81 hold the first blade in a half-open position, until the second blade completely closes and the magnets 12 fix this position. At this point in time, the first blade compresses the spring 80, keeps the gap between the two halves fixed by the plates 81.

After closing the second blade 16, the oncoming flow of water (or wind), as well as the compressed spring 80, push the first blade 15 in the opposite direction.

As soon as the bearings 11 of the first blade 15 come out of the gap between the plates 81, the blade will fully open.

After this begins the reverse movement of the chain, which pulls the closed second blade 16.

After the second blade reaches the second node of the opening of the blade 9, a similar process is repeated.

Thus, the processes of removing the blades from the extreme “dead spots” automatically occur.

The principle of operation of the closure unit of the blade 10, the design of which is presented in Fig.9, is as follows.

The closure unit of the blade is attached to the rack 2 of the frame 1 using a horizontally mounted strap with a clamp 83.

Depending on the dimensions of the blades, which are determined by the power of the converter, the nodes can be installed only on top or on both sides - above and below.

The closure of the blade 10 includes two stops of the S-shaped profile, pivotally mounted at the ends of the brackets 86. The other ends of the brackets are fixedly connected to the strap 83 mounted on the clamp. In places of articulation of stops 84 by brackets 86, second springs 85 are installed, which ensure that the lower ends of the stops are pressed against each other (see Fig. 9).

The first 87 and second 87 pairs of bearings are mounted on the upper and lower end edges of the two halves of the blade. These bearings interact in turn with the stops 84 of the node opening the blades 9.

First, a second pair of bearings 88 comes into contact with the open ends of the stops. The stops forcefully reduce the angle between the two halves of the blade. After the second pair of bearings pass through the pivot joint with the brackets 86, they move apart the closed ends of the stops. At this moment, simultaneously begins the process of interaction of the wedge of the first node of the disclosure of the blade with the corresponding blade. Further interaction of the second bearings with curved sections of the stops leads to the closure of the open front ends of the stops. These ends of the stops hit the first pair of bearings. The specified interaction leads to the closure of the blade. Magnets 12 mounted on the leading edges of the two halves of the blade maintains a closed position throughout its passive movement against the flow of the medium.

The principle of operation of the fourth wind version of the energy Converter, the design of which is presented in Fig.13, is as follows.

At one end, the frame 1 of the energy converter is mounted on thrust bearings on a vertical strut of a conical weather vane 154 with the possibility of free rotation around it within ± 90 °, the second end of the frame is supported by a wheel 160 pivotally mounted using an arm 159 with the possibility of free rotation. The axis of rotation of the bracket coincides with the direction of the axis of the vertical strut of the flat vane 162, installed in the Central section of the frame 1.

Flat weather vane 162 is rigidly connected with the rack 161, dividing it into two equal parts.

The appearance of a crosswind leads to the rotation of the frame around the rack.

An additional torque is also created under the influence of a side wind on a closed blade. As a result of these effects, the frame 1 of the transducer is constantly oriented along the direction of the wind.

The fourth wind version of the energy converter in FIG. 13 further comprises a braking unit. This node is designed to synchronize the speed of rotation of the common output shaft 143 when changing wind speed.

The rotation of the first gear 13 is transmitted to the third cylindrical gear 139 mounted on the yoke of the freewheel clutch 140. The hub of this clutch is fixedly connected to the bevel gear 141, which is in engagement with the bevel gear 142. The driven bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the shaft of the common output shaft 143. To this the shaft can be transmitted torque from a large number of parallel connected energy converters of a similar design. Moreover, they should work with a phase shift, i.e. moments of being in the "dead" points should be shifted in time. The larger the number of energy converters operating in parallel, the greater the total power on the common output shaft 143 and the higher the synchronization of its rotation. To increase the synchronization of rotation of the output shaft, a massive flywheel is mounted on it (not shown in Fig. 13).

The output shaft is connected via a multiplier to an electric generator or other consumer of mechanical energy, for example, to a pump, mill, etc.

The braking assembly comprises a clutch disc 145 and a braking disc 146 interacting with each other. Moreover, the clutch disc is fixedly connected to the pine by the third gear 139. The lever 147 having a fork-shaped tip presses on the braking disc from above. The lever is pivotally connected to the end of the stop 148, motionlessly connected to the sleeve of the bevel gear. The bevel gear sleeve is mounted on a vertical strut 150 with the possibility of free rotation around it.

A horizontal lever 157 is connected to the upper end of the vane bush. A conical or pyramidal vane 154 is mounted on the horizontal lever. The upper and lower end surfaces of the vane 154 are open to wind. The wind pressure on the side surfaces of the weather vane leads to its displacement along the horizontal arm. The greater the wind speed, the greater the longitudinal displacement of the wind vane. By selecting the stiffness of the coil spring 155 and the area of the side surface of the weather vane, it is possible to regulate the braking force that is transmitted through the cable 153 and the lever 147 to the brake disc 146.

In light winds, the conical weather vane has no effect on the braking system. As the wind speed increases, the braking force increases proportionally and the rotation speed of the shaft 143 remains unchanged.

Figure 10 and figure 11 shows the construction of the third variant of the energy Converter, intended for installation in the main gas pipeline or oil pipeline.

To install information sensors along main gas pipelines and oil pipelines, the development and creation of autonomous sources of electric power with a power of about 30 W at a voltage of 9 V is required. Such sensors should be installed after 50 km along the main gas pipeline and oil pipeline.

To install an energy converter, it is necessary to make a tap (appendix) from the trunk line and branch out the required amount of gas or oil. After working off the gas (or oil) again enters the main line. To do this, it is necessary to install the necessary removable dampers (partitions) in the trunk line, which increase the resistance to the main flow.

The principle of operation of the third embodiment of the energy converter coincides with the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-9. The difference lies in changing the design of individual elements, in particular, in the allocation of output power. The branched gas (oil) stream is divided into two streams. For this, two branches of the pipe 90 are connected in parallel to each other and connected to the branch pipe. The energy converter contains two identical mechanisms. Each of them contains a closed rectangular contour of chain 95. Eight stars 96 are pivotally mounted at the corners of two quadrangles using brackets 97. The middle four stars are pivotally mounted to posts 98 mounted vertically inside parallel pipes. Four extreme stars 96 using brackets 97 are pivotally attached to the inclined sections of the pipes. At the same time, the fastening of the stars should be such that the stretched chain passes along the geometric axes of the parallel pipe sections. The central driving stars 110, 111 are mounted on the clips of the freewheels 115 and 116, the hubs of which are fixed on the shafts 112 and 113. To install the shafts 112 and 113, as well as the gears, the multiplier and the generator, a special sealed chamber 102 is created, which consists of upper, lower and side walls parallel to each other, welded on all sides to the pipes. The pressure inside this chamber is set to the same as inside the pipes. The output power can be removed using a magnetic coupling. For this, the upper wall must be made of non-ferromagnetic material. Folding blades 92 consist of two semicircular halves. Bearings 93 are mounted in the middle of both halves of the blades, interacting with the stops of the blade closing assembly 101. These assemblies are mounted in the central horizontal section of the pipes.

Two nodes of the disclosure of the blades 94 of the first circuit are mounted next to the stars on the inclined sections of the pipes. Two other opening nodes are attached to the uprights 98 of the second circuit, also next to the stars 96. The left and right halves of the blade are pivotally mounted on the rack of the blade 91 similarly to the blades shown in Fig.6. Depending on the conversion power, one or two nodes for adjusting the angle of the opening of the blade can be installed on each blade rack. However, it is possible to adjust the rotation speed of the generator by changing the pressure of the gas or oil branching from the main line into the appendix.

To give a vertical position to the racks of the blades 91, a cable 135 is used, stretched parallel to the chain 95. The axial chain is connected to the racks of the blades motionless. The cable 135 passes freely through the holes in the rack of the blade and maintains its vertical position during the reciprocating motion of the blade.

The upper and lower ends of the strut of the blade 91 are connected with horizontal jumpers, at the ends of which two bearings 93 are mounted using brackets 130, similarly to the rollers 68 in Fig.6. The bearings roll along the inner surface of the pipe, maintaining the vertical position of the racks of the blades 91. This ensures free reciprocating motion of the blades along two parallel sections of the pipes. At any moment in time in the open (working) position is one or two blades. In this case, the moments of the blades at the final “dead spots” in the first and second circuits are phase-shifted in time by 90 °. With the same gears and stars in both loops, this phase shift is kept constant. This eliminates the coincidence in time of the "dead" points in two circuits.

To increase the synchronization of rotation of the generator on the output shaft through an overrunning clutch, a massive flywheel can be installed (not indicated in FIG. 11). 11, the connection between the racks of the blades 105, 106 and the shafts of the gears 112, 113 is carried out using a chain transmission. For this purpose, overrunning clutches 115, 116 are fixedly mounted on the shafts 112, 113, the clips of which are fixedly connected to the corresponding central stars 110, 111. The first 117 and second 118 gears are fixedly mounted on the same shafts. At that, overrunning clutches 115 and 116 are installed so that when the first clutch enters the clutch, the second clutch leaves the clutch, i.e. is in a neutral position. With identical gears 117, 118 and central stars 110, 111 and with a kinematic diagram of their inclusion shown in Fig. 5, such an installation of overrunning clutches provides a constant direction of rotation of the gear, regardless of the direction of rotation of the central stars. A magnetic clutch may be used to transmit the torque of the first gear to the bevel gear 120.

Rotation from the bevel gear 120 is transmitted to the driven bevel gear 121. The driven gear is mounted on the input shaft of the multiplier 122. The multiplier is used to increase the rotation speed of the driven gear to the nominal rotation speed of the generator 123. A generator with a multiplier mounted on the upper wall of the sealed chamber 102.

The rotation from the driven bevel gear 48 is transmitted through the multiplier to the generator. If a synchronous three-phase motor is used as an electric generator, it can be placed in the internal cavity of the sealed chamber. In this case, there is no need to use a magnetic coupling. To output the three-phase voltage from the sealed chamber, dielectric bushings and metal rods are used. The latter are installed in the walls of a sealed chamber made of a metal pipe using special sealing gaskets.

In the middle of the vertical shaft of the gears 34, 35, four overrunning clutches with stars 38-41 are installed in pairs. The hubs of these overrunning clutches are fixedly mounted on the shafts 34, 35, and the clips are connected with the corresponding stars 42.

The upper clutches 38 and 39 with stars using the first chain 43 interact with the first 15 and second blades, and the lower clutches 40, 41 with stars with the help of the second chain 44 - with the third 18 and fourth 19 blades, respectively.

At the same time, overrunning clutches 38-41 are installed so that when the cage engages with the hub of the first (third) clutch, the cage of the second (fourth) clutch leaves the clutch with the hub. The next clutch coupling rotates the first shaft clockwise and the second shaft counterclockwise. At each point in time, two of the four couplings are in the clutch and transmit the torque to the corresponding shaft.

The moments of the blades in the “dead spots” should be phase shifted by 90 °. When the first 15 and second 16 blades are in extreme positions, i.e. at the “dead” points, the other pair of blades (18 and 19) should be in the open position.

With this phase shift at any time, at least one of the chains (43 or 44) should create a positive torque on one of the shafts. Regardless of the direction of movement of the first 43 and second 44 chains, the first shaft and the driving bevel gear 47 mounted on it rotate clockwise. A common output shaft 50 is horizontally mounted on the upper platform 32 using brackets 52. A driven bevel gear 48 is mounted on this shaft using the fifth overrunning clutch 49.

In Fig.4, the rotation of the driven gear through the fifth overrunning clutch is transmitted to a common output shaft 49.

The torque is transmitted to this shaft from all parallel converters of energy.

The rotation of the output shaft through the multiplier can be transmitted to an electric generator or pump (not shown in FIG. 4).

With the parallel switching of similar energy converters, the total output power and synchronization of rotation of the generator increases. To increase the synchronization of rotation on the common output shaft can be installed massive flywheel 51.

Figure 5 presents a view of the DD of the energy Converter of figure 4. The first chain 43 is kinematically connected with the first 38 and second 39 overrunning clutches, the stars 121 are fixedly mounted on their clips. The second chain 44 interacts with the stars mounted on the clips of the third 40 and fourth 41 overrunning clutches. As shown in FIG. 4, the first pair of overrunning couplings 38, 39 are mounted on shafts 34, 35 above the second pair 40 and 41.

The same kinematic connection between two circuits and two shafts can be used in the design of the energy Converter shown in figure 10 and figure 13.

The fluid energy converter can be used as an autonomous source of electrical energy where there is no centralized power supply.

Claims (11)

1. A fluid energy converter containing a frame and first, second blades, first and second stars, first and second gears kinematically connected to each other by a first circuit, mounted on respective shafts, and also a conical pair of gears interacting with a multiplier and a generator, characterized the fact that it additionally interacts with each other nodes of the opening and closing of the blades, as well as the first and second overrunning clutches, clips of which are connected with the corresponding stars, and the hubs are motionless mouth are updated on the respective shafts, while the first and second blades are mounted on the frame with the possibility of reciprocating motion in the direction of the flow of the medium and interact with the nodes of the opening and closing of the blades mounted on the opposite end ends of the frame. 2. The fluid energy converter according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises third, fourth blades and third, fourth overrunning clutches kinematically connected with the first and second shafts by the second chain, the clips of which have corresponding stars, the hubs of the first and second , third-fourth overrunning clutches are pairwise motionless mounted on the vertical shafts of the first and second gears, respectively, and the work of the second pair of blades is shifted relative to the work of the first pair by a quarter yes (90 °), while at the end of each half of the working stroke of the blade through the bearings communicates with the corresponding node blades closing, and at the end of stroke of the passive half folded blades interact with respective node blade disclosure. 3. The fluid energy converter according to claim 1, characterized in that each blade contains a vertical strut and two folding halves interacting with a blade angle adjustment unit mounted on the upper end of the strut, while the upper end of the strut is pivotally connected to two rollers freely rolling along the edge of the corner of the upper frame of the frame, and the lower end of the rack is pivotally connected to the third roller rolling along the edge of the corner of the lower frame of the frame, in addition, on the upper end of each half of the blade ti mounted pair of bearings which interact with the closing blade assembly, the blades on each half of the magnet is installed, and the front of the blade is fixedly connected with a chain. 4. The fluid energy converter according to claim 3, characterized in that each blade further comprises a second blade angle adjustment unit mounted on the lower end of the blade strut interacting with its two halves. 5. The fluid energy converter according to claim 3, characterized in that each node for adjusting the opening angle of the blade contains coaxial and pivotally mounted on the rack of the blade of the outer and inner bushings with inclined oppositely directed slots, motionlessly connected respectively to the right and left halves of the blade, and also a ring with a finger, the tip of which interacts with the inclined slots of the bushings, and the ring itself is mounted on the outer sleeve with the possibility of free longitudinal movement and through the spring odeystvuet a limiting ring mounted fixedly on the counter blade. 6. The fluid energy converter according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises first and second sealed chambers fixedly connected to the end faces of the frame. 7. The fluid energy converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the blade opening unit comprises an inner and an outer sleeve interacting with each other through the first spring, the outer sleeve fixedly connected to the wedge has the possibility of only longitudinal displacement relative to the inner sleeve, motionless connected with a vertical stand. 8. The fluid energy converter according to claim 1, characterized in that each blade closure assembly comprises two pairs of bearings interacting with each other, a pair of magnets, a pair of spring-loaded stops pivotally mounted on two brackets fixedly connected to the frame. 9. The fluid energy converter according to claim 2, characterized in that it contains two parallel adjacent pipes, in the middle of which there is a sealed chamber, and inside each there are two blades consisting of two halves, two vertical posts, on which the corresponding stars, while on the walls of the branched sections of pipes with the help of brackets four more stars are pivotally mounted, in addition, two gear racks are installed vertically in the sealed chamber with the possibility of free rotation phenomena on which, in turn, the first, second and third, fourth stars are fixedly mounted, each pair of which is connected with the first and second blades with the first chain, and with the third and fourth blades with the help of the second chain, respectively, in addition, each half of the blade has a semicircular shape, in the horizontal section of which magnets are installed, as well as a pair of bearings, while at the upper end of each rack of the blade two bearings are pivotally mounted, connected by a horizontal jumper, and on the lower - a third bearing in addition, parallel circuits still connected with racks of blades tensioned first and second cables, freely passed through a rack of blades. 10. The fluid energy converter according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises flat and conical weathervanes, as well as a braking unit interacting with the conical weathervane, while the frame at one end is pivotally mounted on a conical weathervane stand with the possibility of free rotation around it, and the other end of the frame is fixedly connected with a flat weather vane, fixedly mounted on the frame in the direction of movement of the blades. 11. The fluid energy converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the braking unit comprises clutch and brake discs interacting with each other, a lever, a cable, and also a conical weather vane mounted with the possibility of longitudinal displacement along the horizontal lever, the clutch disc being fixedly connected with coaxial second gear.

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