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RU2017107533A - Выхлопная система с модифицированной ловушкой nox в условиях обедненной смеси - Google Patents

Выхлопная система с модифицированной ловушкой nox в условиях обедненной смеси Download PDF

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RU2017107533A
RU2017107533A RU2017107533A RU2017107533A RU2017107533A RU 2017107533 A RU2017107533 A RU 2017107533A RU 2017107533 A RU2017107533 A RU 2017107533A RU 2017107533 A RU2017107533 A RU 2017107533A RU 2017107533 A RU2017107533 A RU 2017107533A
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exhaust system
catalyst
metal
oxide
modified
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RU2017107533A
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RU2688085C2 (ru
RU2017107533A3 (ru
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Дэниэл СУОЛЛОУ
Стюарт РИД
Пол ФИЛИПС
Джеймс УАЙЛИ
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Джонсон Мэтти Паблик Лимитед Компани
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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Claims (26)

1. Выхлопная система для обработки выхлопных газов двигателя внутреннего сгорания, включающая модифицированную ловушку NOx в условиях обедненной смеси (LNT), систему впрыска мочевины и катализатор аммиак-селективного каталитического восстановления (NH3-SCR), при этом, модифицированная LNT накапливает NOx при температуре менее, примерно, 200°С и высвобождает накопленные NOx при температуре более, примерно, 200°С, и модифицированная LNT включает:
(а) первый слой, содержащий компонент - адсорбент NOx и один или более металлов платиновой группы; и
(b) второй слой, содержащий зону катализатора окисления дизеля, содержащую металл платиновой группы, цеолит и, необязательно, щелочноземельный металл; и зону окисления NO, содержащую металл платиновой группы и носитель.
2. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой системы впрыска мочевины обеспечивает впрыск мочевины при температуре более, примерно, 180°С.
3. Выхлопная система по п. 1 или 2, в которой компонент - адсорбент NOx включает щелочноземельный металл, щелочной металл, редкоземельный металл и их смеси.
4. Выхлопная система по п. 3, в которой щелочноземельный металл, щелочной металл, редкоземельный металл и их смеси нанесены на подложку из материала - неорганического оксида.
5. Выхлопная система по п. 4, в которой материал - неорганический оксид представляет собой материал, содержащий оксид церия, или оксид магния/оксид алюминия.
6. Выхлопная система по п. 5, в которой оксид магния/оксид алюминия представляет собой алюмомагнезиальную шпинель.
7. Выхлопная система по любому из предшествующих пунктов, в которой компонент - адсорбент NOx включает барий.
8. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1-7, в которой один или более металлов платиновой группы первого слоя выбраны из группы, состоящей из палладия, платины, родия и их смесей.
9. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1-8, в которой цеолит зоны катализатора окисления дизеля выбран из группы типов структуры, состоящей из AEI, CHA, LEV, BEA, FAU, и MFI.
10. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1-9, в которой зона катализатора окисления дизеля дополнительно включает подложку из неорганического оксида, содержащую оксид алюминия или оксид алюминия с добавлением оксида кремния.
11. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1-10, в которой носитель зоны окисления NO содержит оксид алюминия и оксид церия.
12. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1-11, в которой зона окисления NO дополнительно включает марганец.
13. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1-12, в которой катализатор NH3-SCR выбран из группы, состоящей из катализатора оксид ванадия/оксид титана, катализатора оксид ванадия/оксид вольфрама/оксид титана или катализатора металл/цеолит.
14. Выхлопная система по п. 13, в которой металл/цеолит включает металл, выбранный из группы, состоящей из железа и меди, и цеолит, выбранный из группы типов структуры, состоящей из AEI, CHA, LEV, BEA (например, бета-цеолит) или FER (например, ферриерит).
15. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1-14, в которой катализатор NH3-SCR представляет собой аммиак-селективный фильтр каталитического восстановления (NH3-SCRF).
16. Выхлопная система по п. 15, в которой NH3-SCRF включает фильтр с катализатором NH3-SCR, выбранным из группы, состоящей из катализатора оксид ванадия/оксид титана, катализатора оксид ванадия/оксид вольфрама/оксид титана или катализатора металл/цеолит.
17. Модифицированная ловушка NOx в условиях обедненной смеси (LNT), включающая:
(а) первый слой, содержащий компонент - адсорбент NOx и один или более металлов платиновой группы; и
(b) второй слой, содержащий зону катализатора окисления дизеля, содержащую металл платиновой группы, цеолит и, необязательно, щелочноземельный металл; и зону окисления NO, содержащую металл платиновой группы и носитель.
18. Способ обработки выхлопных газов двигателя внутреннего сгорания, содержащий этапы, на которых:
(а) пропускают выхлопные газы через модифицированную ловушку NOx в условиях обедненной смеси (LNT) по п. 17 для удаления из выхлопных газов оксидов азота (NOx) при температуре менее, примерно, 200°С и высвобождения NOx при температуре более, примерно, 200°С;
(b) впрыскивают в выхлопные газы мочевину ниже по потоку технологической линии от модифицированной LNT при температуре более, примерно, 180°С; и
(с) пропускают выхлопные газы, содержащие высвобожденные из модифицированной LNT NOx и мочевину, над катализатором NH3-SCR для преобразования NOx в азот.
19. Способ по п. 18, дополнительно содержащий периодическое воздействие на модифицированную LNT температуры более, примерно, 500°С в условиях высокого соотношения воздух:топливо для удаления серы, накопившейся в модифицированной LNT.
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