RU177221U1 - Lid simulator for exercises to restore motor functions of the hands and short-term memory in patients with a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “Lid simulator for classes in restoring the motor functions of the hands and short-term memory in patients of a neurological clinic” relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes in restoring the motor functions of the hands and short-term memory in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions of various etiologies. A useful model contains a rectangular base (1) made of plastic with a length of 900-1400 mm, a width of 160-200 mm, a thickness of 6-8 mm, along the perimeter of which flanges (2) are made, and on the front surface of the base there is a row of 8-12 equally spaced identical according to the size of cylindrical protrusions (3) with an external thread designed for screwing metal caps-chips (5), while 3 metal brackets (4) are rigidly fixed to the rear side of the base (1), designed to fasten the base (1) to a vertical surface. Thus, the “lid tre Azhar "allows patients with a neurological clinic sessions aimed at the simultaneous reduction of two processes: a) the motor functions of the hands through the implementation of complex movements of the shoulder and elbow joints, rotational movements of the hands, as well as exciting and restraining movement of the fingers; b) short-term memory by memorizing the patient the sequence of the arrangement of elements with the subsequent reproduction of this sequence. The proposed “cover simulator” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive training for patients.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore motor functions of the hands and short-term memory in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions of various etiologies.

To restore the motor functions of the hands in patients of a neurological clinic, various simulators are used to ensure the inclusion of the hand in various movements.

So, from the prior art, a simulator is known - the ROTA Steering Wheel for rehabilitation of the shoulder and elbow joints (MedKontakt. Production and sale of medical equipment, ROTA Shoulder for the development of the shoulders, found 01.10.2017 on the Internet at http: // medkontakt .spb.ru / catalog / reabilitation / vosstanovlenie-funktsiy-verkhnikh-konechnostey / 1050 /).

Structurally, this simulator is a wheel-steering wheel with a diameter of 1000 mm fixed on a metal base, the height of which can be adjusted, allowing you to adapt to various exercises and different patients. The dimensions of the simulator are 1000 × 640 × 1750 mm.

In the course of training with this simulator, the patient rotates the steering wheel with his hand, the degree of resistance of which to rotation can be adjusted.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore the motor functions of the hands in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) work with this simulator does not allow to restore the motor functions of the hand in full, as it is aimed exclusively at restoring the movements of the shoulder and elbow joints, and does not provide restoration of the movements of the hand and fingers;

b) work with this simulator is the execution of the same type of hand movements in one plane, which leads to rapid fatigue of patients.

Also known from the existing level of technology is the "Agility Development Trainer - AGT-800", designed to develop joints of the upper limbs and the development of agility (ReaMed., Rehabilitation Equipment "Agility Development Trainer - AGT-800", found 01.10.2017 in the network Internet at: http://reamed.su/trenazhery-dlya-reabilitatsii/trenazher-razvitiya-lovkosti-agt-800).

This simulator is a box-shaped panel with nine buttons located on it, which can be illuminated from the inside in an arbitrary mode. During classes, the patient must quickly press his hand on the illuminated buttons. The electronics of the device remembers the result of each patient and each time makes him faster to press the buttons. The full dimensions of the device with a metal base are 900 × 800 × 230 mm.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore the motor functions of the hands in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) work with this simulator does not allow to restore the motor functions of the hands in full, as it does not provide restoration of the movements of the hands and fingers.

b) the technical complexity of the design of this simulator, which includes electronic elements.

Along with simulators designed to restore the work of the shoulder and elbow joints of the hand, there are known simulators aimed at restoring impaired movements of the hand and fingers.

So, from the current level of technology is known "Simulator" Screw rotation "", designed to develop twisting movements of the hands. (Renax, Rehabilitation and medical equipment, Screw Rotation Simulator, found on September 20, 2017 on the Internet at http://renaks.com/shop/group_641/item_361/).

Structurally, this simulator is a base with two racks on which a screw rod with a nut is fixed, which the patient must move from one edge of the screw rod to the other. Thus, when performing this action, the fingers ensure that the nut is held, and the hand provides rotational movements aimed at moving the nut along the screw rod. The overall dimensions of the simulator are 400 × 200 × 200 mm.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore the motor functions of the hands in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this simulator is primarily aimed at restoring the movements of the hand and fingers, and does not provide restoration of the movements of the shoulder and elbow joints of the hand;

b) the uniformity and monotony of the patient’s movements to move the nut along the helical shaft, which can lead to a decrease in interest in classes and fatigue of patients;

c) a screw-nut threaded pair made of metal has a sufficiently high coefficient of friction and therefore requires the application of forces that may be excessive for some patients with impaired movements of the hand and fingers.

Also known from the existing level of technology is the “Multifunctional developmental wall simulator”, which is based on screwing-unscrewing corks onto the necks of plastic bottles (Polozova E.V. Developing simulators from waste material. A practical guide for educators and methodologists of preschool educational institutions. - Voronezh: PE Lakotsein S .S., 2009, pp. 26-30).

Structurally, this simulator is a wooden frame in which 121 holes are made (11 horizontally and 11 vertically), in which screw necks of plastic bottles are fastened, onto which standard plastic plugs are wound. The dimensions of the simulator are 650 × 700 mm.

Classes with this simulator, which consist of twisting and unscrewing plastic plugs, contribute to the development of fine motor skills of fingers and partially movements of the hand, as well as the formation of a number of other mental processes in children: visual-spatial perception, attention, counting operations, etc.

In contrast to the purely mechanical rotation of the nut, the process of twisting and unscrewing plastic plugs is more effective for restoring the movements of fingers and partially the wrist in patients with a neurological clinic, due to the fact that:

a) experience in performing this action is available to one degree or another in all patients, therefore this action is more strengthened and available for implementation by patients;

b) the process of winding-unscrewing traffic jams is included in the game activity, which helps to maintain interest in classes.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore the motor functions of the hands and short-term memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this simulator is primarily aimed at working with children, which consists in performing simple actions that contribute to the formation of spatial concepts in children, learning counting operations and is not intended for classes with adult patients;

b) this simulator can be used to restore the movements of the fingers, and only partially to restore the movement of the hand, as well as the shoulder and elbow joints.

Also known from the current level of technology is a game memory simulator designed for training short-term memory “Super Simon - Super Senso” (Games, Super Simon - Super Senso, found on 01.10.2017 on the Internet at http: //www.handheldempire. com / game.jsp? game = 2223 & position = 31).

Structurally, this simulator consists of a plastic case on both sides of which there are four rectangular keys of different colors: red, blue, green and yellow, and in the center of the case there are control buttons for the simulator. The dimensions of the simulator are 220 × 220 mm.

During a lesson with this simulator, keys of different colors begin to be highlighted in a certain sequence for short intervals of time, after which the student must repeat the sequence of highlighting them by pressing the corresponding keys with your fingers.

Thus, the peculiarity of this simulator when using it during classes with patients of a neurological clinic is that it allows you to work on the restoration of short-term memory, while performing hand movements with pressing the keys with your fingers, which to some extent helps restore the motor functions of the hand.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore the motor functions of the hands and short-term memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this device is primarily aimed at restoring short-term memory;

b) classes with the device contribute to the restoration of motor functions of the hands only to a limited extent, since the device is small in size, not allowing to fully work on restoring the movements of the shoulder and elbow joints;

c) the technical complexity of the design of the simulator, which includes electronic elements.

In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, a “Roof simulator for exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands and short-term memory in patients of a neurological clinic” (hereinafter “roof simulator”) was developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) the actions performed by the patient should be simultaneously aimed at restoring the motor functions of the hand and at restoring short-term memory;

b) restoration of motor functions of the hand should include work on restoration of movements in various parts of the hand: in the shoulder joint, in the elbow joint, as well as movements of the hand and fingers;

c) restoration of arm movements in the shoulder and elbow joints should be based on the implementation of complex arm movements with different amplitudes;

d) restoration of hand movements should be based on the implementation of rotational movements of the hand;

d) the restoration of the movements of the fingers should be carried out using exciting and restraining movements in the course of the patient’s actions;

f) restoration of motor functions of the arm should be included in activities that are interesting and attractive to the patient;

g) restoration of short-term memory should be carried out with the possibility of changing the degree of complexity of tasks.

h) the simplicity of the design of the “lid simulator”, contributing to its widespread implementation in the practice of working with patients in a neurological clinic.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to expand the functionality of the Super Simon - Super Senso gaming device, which is provided due to the design features of the utility model, which allow conducting classes aimed at the restoration of two processes with patients of a neurological clinic: a) motor functions of the hands through the implementation of movements in the shoulder and elbow joints, rotational movements of the hands, as well as exciting and holding movements of the fingers; b) short-term memory by storing the patient the sequence of arrangement of elements with further reproduction of this sequence.

This technical result is ensured due to the fact that the “cover simulator” contains a rectangular base made of plastic with a length of 900-1400 mm, a width of 160-200 mm and a thickness of 6-8 mm, along the perimeter of which are made collars, and on the front surface of the base is made a row of 8-12 equally spaced cylindrical protrusions of equal size with an external thread for screwing metal caps-tokens, while 3 metal brackets are rigidly fixed to the back of the base, designed s for mounting the base to a vertical surface.

In a preferred embodiment of the “roof simulator”, the beads located around the perimeter of the base have a width of 10-16 mm and a height of 10-14 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the “cover simulator” on the front side of the base is coated with a light color.

In a preferred embodiment, the “cover simulator”, the height of each cylindrical protrusion is 10-16 mm, and its diameter and thread are made similar to the neck of a glass jar designed to wind a standard metal cover.

In a preferred embodiment of the “cover simulator”, the cylindrical protrusions can be made for one of the following diameters of standard metal caps: 82 mm, 89 mm, 100 mm or 110 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the “cover simulator”, in order to increase the range of hand movements when screwing the chip caps onto the cylindrical protrusions, the angle of inclination of the helical thread of the cylindrical protrusions may be somewhat smaller than the standard angle of inclination of the helical thread of the neck of glass jars.

The essence of the utility model "Lid simulator for classes on the restoration of motor functions of the hands and short-term memory in patients of a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 is a general view of a “cover simulator” without chip covers;

In FIG. 2 - “cap simulator” with lids-chips of different colors;

In FIG. 3 - “cap simulator” with chip caps containing letter images.

The inventive "cover simulator" is a (see Fig. 1) made of plastic base (1) of a rectangular shape 900-1400 mm long, 160-200 mm wide, 6-8 mm thick. Along the perimeter of the base (1), collars (2) are made of the same width - 10-16 mm and heights - 10-14 mm, providing additional rigidity to the base (1).

The front side of the base (1) is coated with a light color, and the shoulders (2) have the color of the plastic of which the base (1) is made.

On the front surface of the base, a series of evenly spaced 8-12 (eight to twelve) cylindrical protrusions of the same size (3) with an external thread designed to wind the metal chip caps (5) is made.

The height of each cylindrical protrusion (3) is 10-16 mm, and its diameter and thread are made similar to the neck of a glass jar, designed to wind a standard metal cover. Cylindrical protrusions can be made for one of the following diameters of standard metal caps: 82 mm, 89 mm, 100 mm or 110 mm (see links below).

To increase the range of movements of the wrist when screwing the chip caps (5) onto the cylindrical protrusions (3), the angle of inclination of the screw thread on the cylindrical protrusions (3) may be slightly smaller than the standard angle of inclination of the screw line on the neck of glass jars.

As cap-tokens (5) (see Fig. 2, 3), in working with the “cap simulator”, standard metal caps of the same size are used, designed to wind glass jars on the neck, the diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the cylindrical protrusions (3).

Thus, when working with the “lid simulator”, the following can be used as chip caps (5):

a) covers with a diameter of 82 mm (Glass containers, Twist-off caps with a diameter of 82, found on September 25, 2017 on the Internet at http: //steklobanka-kryshka.rf/magazin-2/product/kryshki-tvist-off-diametr -82);

b) caps with a diameter of 89 mm (Glass containers, Twist-off caps with a diameter of 89, found on September 25, 2017 on the Internet at http: //steklobanka-kryshka.rf/magazin-2/product/kryshka-tvist-off-diametr -89);

c) lids with a diameter of 100 mm (Glass containers, Twist-off lids with a diameter of 100 monocots, found on September 25, 2017 on the Internet at http: //steklobanka-kryshka.rf/magazin-2/product/kryshka-tvist-off- diametr-100-monocvet);

d) lids with a diameter of 110 mm (Glass containers, Twist-off lids with a diameter of 110 monocots, found on September 25, 2017 on the Internet at http: //steklobanka-kryshka.rf/magazin-2/product/kryshka-tvist-off- diametr-110-monocvet).

The total number of chip caps (5) included in the “cap simulator” package is equal to the number of cylindrical protrusions located on the base (1) (3).

The chip caps (5) used in the work with the “cover simulator” can

be:

a) standard metal covers, factory painted in different colors;

b) standard metal covers of the same color, which are finalized by applying symbols (letters, numbers), words, geometric shapes, objects and objects to their upper surfaces.

The “cover simulator” package includes a printed manual with tasks, the pages of which contain various sequences of elements in the form of colored circles, images of symbols (letters, numbers), words, geometric shapes, objects and objects.

For fastening the “roof simulator” on a vertical surface to the back of the base (1), 3 (three) metal brackets (4) are rigidly fixed.

The “Lid simulator for classes in restoring the motor functions of the hands and short-term memory in patients of a neurological clinic” works as follows:

Before the start of the training course using the “cover simulator”, the specialist selects for each patient tasks from the printed manual that correspond to the degree of severity of impaired motor functions of the hands and short-term memory. The degree of difficulty of the tasks is determined by the following:

a) the number of elements in the sequence to remember (the simplest is a sequence of three elements);

b) the arrangement of elements relative to each other (the simplest is the arrangement of elements that are grouped in one place);

c) the type of elements used for memorization (the simplest are sequences of elements that can be connected logically, for example sequences of words, images of objects and objects).

Before the start of the lesson, the “cover simulator” is installed on the surface of the desktop so that the hand that the patient will develop is approximately in the center of the “cover simulator” (see Fig. 1).

The patient should perform all actions with chip caps (5) with a hand with impaired motor functions, helping with a healthy hand if necessary.

Then the patient, for some time (from 10 or more seconds) remembers the given sequence of elements, and then closes the manual page with the task with a blank sheet of paper.

After that, the patient from memory (restoration of short-term memory) winds the cap-chips (5) corresponding to the task (restoration of the motor functions of the hand) onto the cylindrical protrusions (3) (see Fig. 2, 3) in accordance with the location of these elements in the printed manual.

If the patient has difficulties in determining the location of any chip cover (5), he can briefly lift a sheet of paper covering the page of the printed manual with the task, thus receiving a hint.

After winding up the chip caps (5), the number of which corresponds to the number of memorized elements, the patient checks the correctness of the task by comparing the task of the printed manual with the location of the chip caps (5) of the cylindrical protrusions (3) of the base (1).

Further, the patient twists the cap-chips (5) from the cylindrical protrusions (3) (restoration of the motor functions of the arm), selects a new task from the print guide and the whole sequence of actions described above is repeated.

Gradually, as the patient achieves positive results in restoring the motor functions of the arm and short-term memory, the specialist complicates the task by increasing the number of sequence elements and changing their grouping.

Thus, classes with the “lid simulator” contribute to the restoration of motor functions of the hands due to the fact that:

a) the restoration of hand movements in the shoulder and elbow joints is carried out by implementing hand movements when placing the caps-chips (5) along the entire length of the base of the “roof simulator”, having a length of 900 to 1400 mm;

b) the restoration of the movements of the hand is carried out by rotational movements of the hand while screwing and unscrewing the caps-chips (5) on the cylindrical protrusions (3);

c) restoration of the movements of the fingers is carried out by means of exciting and holding movements when performing various actions with chip caps (5).

Along with conducting classes at the table, the “roof simulator” can be mounted in a vertical position by means of brackets (4) on the walls of the office or hall, where rehabilitation classes with patients are held. In this case, the “cover simulator” allows you to move your hand in a vertical plane, which contributes to a more effective restoration of the motor functions of the hand.

Thus, the “cover simulator” allows you to conduct classes with patients at the neurological clinic aimed at the simultaneous restoration of two processes: a) motor functions of the hands by implementing complex movements in the shoulder and elbow joints, rotational movements of the hands, as well as exciting and holding movements of the fingers; b) short-term memory by storing the patient the sequence of arrangement of elements with further reproduction of this sequence.

The proposed “cap simulator” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive training for patients.

Claims (6)

1. A roof simulator for training to restore the motor functions of the hands and short-term memory in patients with a neurological clinic, characterized in that it contains a rectangular base made of plastic, 900-1400 mm long, 160-200 mm wide, 6-8 mm thick, around the perimeter of which flanges are made, and on the front surface of the base there is a row of 8-12 uniformly spaced equally sized cylindrical protrusions with an external thread onto which metal chip caps are screwed, differing from each other in the color or image applied to their upper surface, while 3 metal brackets are fixed to the rear side of the base, designed to fasten the base to a vertical surface. 2. The roof simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the flanges located along the perimeter of the base have a width of 10-16 mm and a height of 10-14 mm. 3. The cover simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the front side of the base is coated with a light color. 4. The lid simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of each cylindrical protrusion is 10-16 mm, and its diameter and thread are made similar to the neck of a glass jar designed to wind a standard metal lid. 5. The cover simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical protrusions can be made for one of the following diameters of standard metal covers: 82 mm, 89 mm, 100 mm or 110 mm. 6. The cover simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to increase the range of movements of the wrist when screwing the chip caps onto the cylindrical protrusions, the angle of inclination of the helical line of the thread on the cylindrical protrusions may be slightly smaller than the standard angle of inclination of the helical line of the thread on the necks glass jars.

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