RU181541U1 - Simulator-cube for restoration classes: finger and hand movements, spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “A cube simulator for restoration classes: finger and hand movements, spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic” refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during rehabilitation classes : finger and hand movements, spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions of various etiologies. The utility model contains a hollow body made of plastic (1), having the shape of a cube, the length of which is 50-60 mm; at the same time, six cylindrical protrusions (2) with an external thread are made on the faces of the housing (1), designed to wind plastic stoppers-chips (4) of different colors on them, the height and the threaded diameter of each cylindrical protrusion (2) are made to the dimensions of a standard screw plastic plugs with a diameter of 38 mm, and on the end surface of each cylindrical protrusion (2) there are numbers (3). The use of a “cube simulator” makes it possible to conduct classes with patients at a neurological clinic aimed at the simultaneous restoration of several processes: a) movements of the fingers during rotational movements while twisting and unscrewing plug plugs, b) movements of the wrist when making turns held in healthy hand of the “cube simulator”, c) spatial perception and memory in accordance with the tasks of the printed manual used during classes with the “cube simulator” or through exercise s implemented without the use of a printed manual. The proposed “simulator-cube” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive training for patients.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during rehabilitation classes: finger and hand movements, spatial perception and memory in patients with a neurological clinic.

Violation of the movements of the fingers and hand, spatial perception and memory occurs in patients with a neurological clinic due to organic brain lesions of various etiologies.

Violation of the movements of the fingers and hands leads to difficulties in patients performing various everyday actions requiring precise, coordinated movements of the fingers and hands.

To restore the movements of the fingers in patients of a neurological clinic, various simulators are used to ensure the inclusion of the fingers in various movements, one of which is the rotation of the fingers of a small object.

So, from the existing level of technology, there is known the “Desktop simulator“ Panel with nuts ””, designed to restore the movement of the fingers with the help of twisting-unscrewing metal nuts on the screws with the fingers (Trading House “Health Center”, Desktop simulator “The panel with nuts ", found on the Internet on October 30, 2017 at http://czdor.ru/rehabilitation/lfk/dvm_vk404.11).

Structurally, this simulator is a wooden three-stage base, 200 × 300 mm in size, each step of which has 4 metal screws with nuts of different sizes. The total weight of the simulator is 1 kg.

Also known from the existing level of technology is the "Desktop simulator" Panel with screws "" designed to restore the movements of the fingers with the help of exercises for screwing in / out metal screws with your fingers. (Trading house "Health Center", desktop simulator "Panel with screws", found on the Internet on October 30, 2017 at http://czdor.ru/rehabilitation/lfk/dvm_vk404.11).

Structurally, this simulator is a similar wooden three-stage base with dimensions of 200 × 300 mm at each stage of which 4 different types of screws are installed. The total weight of the simulator is 1 kg.

The disadvantages of these simulators when using them during classes to restore the movements of fingers and hands in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) these simulators are designed to restore finger movements and do not provide the ability to restore movements of the hand;

b) the uniformity and monotony of the movements performed by patients to tighten-unscrew the nuts and screw-in / out screws, which can lead to a decrease in interest in classes and fatigue of patients;

c) the difficulty of performing these actions for patients who did not have previous experience with nuts and screws, therefore, this activity is unusual for them and therefore ineffective for restoring finger movements;

d) a screw-nut threaded pair made of metal has a sufficiently high coefficient of friction and therefore requires the application of forces that may be excessive for some patients with impaired finger movements;

c) work with these simulators is possible only if there is a horizontal surface on which they must be installed.

Also known from the existing level of technology is the “Simulator for the development of the hand” (KIDDIS.RU, Production and sale of sports and gaming equipment, the Simulator for the development of the hands 5668, found October 30, 2017 on the Internet at http: // kiddis. ru / 2016/04 / trenazher-dlya-razraboki-kisti-ruk-5668 /).

Structurally, this simulator consists of a base, on one end of which there is a stand for the forearm, and on the other - a rotary handle with adjustable resistance to rotation. During classes, the patient performs rotational movements of the hand in one or the other direction, which helps to restore the movements of the hand.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore the movement of fingers and hands in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this simulator is designed to restore the movements of the hand and does not provide the ability to restore the movements of the fingers;

b) the uniformity and monotony of the movements performed by patients to rotate the handle of the simulator, which can lead to a decrease in interest in classes and fatigue of patients;

c) work with this simulator is possible only if there is a horizontal surface on which it must be installed.

Also known from the prior art is the "Multifunctional developmental wall simulator", which is based on screwing-unscrewing caps on the neck of plastic bottles (Polozova E.V. Developing simulators from waste material. A practical guide for educators and methodologists of preschool educational institutions. - Voronezh: PE Lakotsenin S. S., 2009, pp. 26-30).

Structurally, this simulator is a wooden frame in which 121 holes are made (11 horizontally and 11 vertically), in which screw necks of plastic bottles are fastened, onto which standard plastic plugs are wound. The dimensions of the simulator are 650 × 700 mm.

Due to the specifics of working with this simulator, which consists in twisting and unscrewing plastic plugs, classes with this simulator contribute to the development of fine motor skills of the fingers, as well as the formation of a number of other mental processes in children: spatial perception, attention, counting operations, etc.

Unlike simulators based on the use of nuts and screws, the process of twisting and unscrewing plastic plugs is more effective for restoring finger movements in patients with a neurological clinic, due to the fact that:

a) experience in performing this action is available to one degree or another in all patients, therefore this action is more automated and accessible for implementation by patients;

b) the process of winding-unscrewing traffic jams is included in the game activity, which helps to maintain the interest of patients to classes;

c) the process of winding-unscrewing plastic plugs does not require any effort on the part of the patient.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore the movement of fingers and hands in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this simulator is primarily aimed at working with children, which consists in performing simple actions that contribute to the formation of spatial concepts in children, learning counting operations and is not intended for classes with adult patients;

b) this simulator provides the ability to restore movements of the fingers and does not provide the ability to restore movements of the hand;

c) due to the sufficiently large size of the simulator, classes with it are possible only in stationary conditions.

Also, from the existing level of technology, it is known "Device simulator for classes to restore impaired spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic," which can also be used for classes to restore impaired spatial perception (Patent RU 168971 U1, published 02.28.2017).

Structurally, this device consists of a plastic case, inside which an LED backlight is installed, and in the upper part a transparent and matte plate are fixed between which work cards with tables are sequentially laid, some of whose cells are highlighted in dark color or contain any images, for example, symbol images. Hidden from the patient, thanks to the matte plate, dark-colored cells or cells with images become visible after the LED illumination is turned on for a certain time. The patient needs to remember the location of the table cells or cells with images highlighted in dark color, and after turning off the LED backlight, mark them with a marker on the surface of the matte plate from memory.

When conducting classes on the restoration of spatial perception, the work card is located next to the device, and the patient marks with a marker on the surface of the matte plate the cells of the dark color or the cell with images contained on the card.

Thus, along with the restoration of spatial memory and spatial perception, this device to a certain extent helps to restore the movements of the fingers and hands, since in the process of work graphic operations are performed with a marker on the surface of the matte plate.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during recovery classes: finger and hand movements, spatial perception and memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this device was not originally intended to restore the movements of the fingers and hands;

b) the graphic actions performed by the patient are insignificant in the range of movements of the fingers and hand;

c) limiting the time of classes with this device, since when the LEDs are turned on, a light stream is sent to the patient's face;

d) the structural complexity of this device, which includes electronic elements.

In order to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, a “cube simulator for restoration classes: finger and hand movements, spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic” (hereinafter referred to as the “cube simulator”) was developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) the actions performed by patients should be simultaneously aimed both at restoring the movements of the fingers and hand, and at restoring spatial perception and memory;

b) the restoration of the movements of the fingers and hands should be carried out by implementing complex rotational movements of the fingers and hands;

c) restoration of the movements of the fingers and hand should be carried out in the course of activities attractive and interesting for the patient related to the fulfillment of tasks for the restoration of spatial perception and memory;

d) ensuring the simplicity of the design of the "simulator-cube", contributing to its widespread implementation in the practice of working with patients in a neurological clinic;

d) ensuring the compact design of the "simulator-cube" to realize the possibility of conducting classes in various conditions.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to expand the functionality of the "Device simulator for classes to restore impaired spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic", provided by the structural elements of the inventive "simulator-cube", allowing classes with patients of a neurological clinic aimed at simultaneous restoration several processes: a) movements of the fingers in the course of rotational movements when screwing-unscrewing the plug-chips, b) movements of the wrist when making turns of the “cube-simulator” held in a healthy hand, c) spatial perception and memory in accordance with the tasks of the printed manual used during classes with the “cube simulator” or through exercises that are implemented without the use of a printed manual .

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "simulator-cube" contains a hollow body made of plastic, having the shape of a cube, the length of which is 50-60 mm; at the same time, six cylindrical protrusions with an external thread are made on the faces of the body, designed for screwing plastic plugs of different colors onto them, the height and threaded diameter of each cylindrical protrusion are made to the dimensions of a standard screw plastic plug with a diameter of 38 mm, and on the end surface of each cylindrical protrusion numbers are plotted.

In a preferred embodiment of the “cube simulator”, the wall thickness of the body is 2-3 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the “cube simulator”, the numbers printed on the end surfaces of the cylindrical protrusions are one of the numbers: “1”, “2”, “3”, “4”, “5”, “6”.

In a preferred embodiment of the “cube simulator”, standard plastic plugs with a diameter of 38 mm are used as plug caps.

The essence of the utility model "Simulator-cube for recovery classes: finger and hand movements, spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 is a general view of a “cube simulator” without traffic jams;

In FIG. 2 - "simulator-cube" with wound plugs, chips;

In FIG. 3-6 - examples of the front and back sides of the working cards of the printed manual for classes with a “cube simulator”.

The inventive "simulator-cube" is (see Fig. 1) made of light-colored plastic hollow body (1) having the shape of a cube, the length of the ribs of which is 50-60 mm, and the wall thickness is 2-3 mm.

On the faces of the housing (1), 6 (six) cylindrical protrusions (2) with an external thread are provided for screwing plastic plugs (4) of different colors onto them (see Fig. 2).

The height and threaded diameter of each cylindrical protrusion (2) are made to the dimensions of a standard screw plastic stopper from plastic bottles with a diameter of 38 mm (UPAK 78 - Regional wholesale retail of consumables and packaging materials, 38 mm screw plug for PET bottles, found on the Internet on 30.10. 2017 at https://upak78.ru/p111606233-probka-38mm-kryshka.html).

On the end surface of each cylindrical protrusion (2), numbers (3) are randomly plotted (for example, with dark paint), which are one of the numbers: “1”, “2”, “3”, “4”, “5” , "6".

As stoppers-chips (4) in work with the “simulator-cube” standard screw plastic stoppers from plastic bottles with a diameter of 38 mm (see the link above) are used in six different colors, for example: red, yellow, green, blue, violet and brown colors.

During classes with the “cube simulator”, a special printed manual is used, consisting of a group of work cards (5) (see Fig. 3-6), each of which on the front side contains an image (6a) of a scan of the “cube simulator” ( see Fig. 3, 5), with circles of different colors (similar to the colors of the cork-chips), and on the reverse side - the image (6b) of the side projection of the "simulator-cube" (see Fig. 4, 6) drawn up in exact accordance with the image (6a) of a scan of the “simulator-cube” located on the front side of this working card (5)

The images (6a) of the “simulator-cube” scan on the work cards (5) are presented in different versions (Cube scan, found on 10/30/2017 on the Internet at http://uslide.ru/images/12/18852/960 /img15.jpg).

Work with the “Cube simulator for recovery classes: finger and hand movements, spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic” is as follows:

Before the start of the lesson using the “cube simulator”, the patient holds the “cube simulator” in a healthy hand, and with a disturbed hand, unscrews the plug-chips (4) from the cylindrical protrusions (2) (restoration of finger movements). At the same time, for the convenience of unscrewing the plug-chips (4), the patient needs to turn the “simulator-cube”, including the hand with impaired movement in this process (restoring the movements of the hand).

In the event that work is being done to restore spatial perception, the patient selects one of the work cards (5) of the attached printing manual, and sequentially winds up plugs (4) of different colors (restoring finger movements) on the cylindrical protrusions (2) of the simulator cube "(see Fig. 2) in accordance with the location of the colored circles in the image (6a) of the scan of the" simulator-cube "(restoration of spatial perception) located on the front side of the work card (5) (see Fig. 3), turning wherein " simulator-cube "with the hand with impaired movement (restoration of the movements of the hand).

After completing the winding up of all the plug-chips (4), the patient turns the working card (5) upside down and checks the correctness of the task by comparing the location of the plug-chips (4) on a real “simulator-cube” with the image (6b) of the side projection "Simulator-cube" on the back of the working card (5) (see Fig. 4).

In the event that work is carried out to restore the memory, the patient selects one of the working cards (5), turns it upside down, and for some time (10 or more seconds) remembers the image (6b) of the side projection of the “cube simulator” (see Fig. 4), after which it closes this work card (5) with a clean sheet of paper.

After that, the patient from memory (memory recovery) winds up plug-chips (4) of different colors (restoration of finger movements) on the cylindrical protrusions (2) of the "cube simulator" (see Fig. 2) in accordance with the stored image (6b) lateral projection of the "simulator-cube" (see Fig. 3), while turning the "simulator-cube" with the hand with impaired movement (restoration of movements of the wrist).

Lastly, the patient winds on the cylindrical protrusion (2) the remaining plug-chip (4), which is not visible on the image (6b) of the side projection of the “cube simulator”.

If the patient has difficulty determining the location of the plug-chip (4) of any color, he can briefly lift a sheet of paper covering the work card (5), thus receiving a hint.

After completing the winding of all the plug-chips (4), the patient checks the correctness of the task by comparing the location of the plug-chips (4) on a real “simulator-cube” with the image (6b) of the side projection of the “simulator-cube” on the back of the working card ( 5).

Next, the patient twists all the plugs (4) from the cylindrical protrusions (2) of the “cube simulator” (restoring the movements of the fingers and wrist), selects a new work card (5) with the task, and the whole sequence of actions described above is repeated.

A more complex version of the task aimed at restoring memory is an exercise in which the patient for a certain time remembers (memory restoration) the location of the colored circles on the scan image (6a) of the “cube simulator” located on the front side of the working card (5 ) (see Fig. 3), and then, from memory, winds up (restoring the movements of the fingers and hands) the corresponding plug-chips (4) onto the cylindrical protrusions (2) of the “cube simulator” (see Fig. 2).

Verification of the correctness of the task is carried out by comparing the location of the plug-chips (4) on a real "simulator-cube" with the image (6b) of the side projection of the "simulator-cube" on the back of this work card (5) (see Fig. 4).

Work with the “simulator-cube” can be carried out in another way, without the use of work cards (5), and with the use of numbers (3), printed on the ends of the cylindrical protrusions (2).

This method consists in the fact that the patient winds up plugs (4) in random order on cylindrical protrusions (2) (restoring the movements of fingers and hands), while remembering the number (3) of the cylindrical protrusion (2) and the color of the plug (4) screwed onto a given cylindrical protrusion (2) (memory recovery). For example, a blue plug-chip (4) is screwed onto a cylindrical protrusion (2) with the first number (3), a green plug-chip (4) is screwed onto a cylindrical protrusion (2) with a second number (3), etc.

After wrapping all the plugs-chips (4), the patient needs to unscrew them as follows:

a) in a direct order, starting with a stopper-chip (4) screwed onto a cylindrical ledge (2) with the first number (3) and ending with a stopper-chip screwed onto a cylindrical ledge (2) with the sixth number (3);

b) in the reverse order, starting with the plug-chip (4) screwed onto the cylindrical protrusion (2) with the sixth number (3) and ending with the plug-chip screwed onto the cylindrical protrusion (2) with the first number (3);

c) in any other order specified by the specialist.

Along with recovery classes: finger and hand movements, spatial perception and memory in patients with a neurological clinic, a “cube simulator” can be used in the following cases:

a) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age with impairments: movements of the fingers and hand, spatial perception and memory;

b) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired formation: small movements of the fingers and hands, spatial perception and memory;

c) as a game aimed at the development and training of small movements of fingers and hands, spatial perception and memory in healthy children.

Thus, the simulator-cube allows conducting neurological clinic exercises aimed at the simultaneous restoration of several processes: a) movements of the fingers during rotational movements when twisting and unscrewing plugs, b) movements of the wrist when making turns held in healthy hand of the “cube simulator”, c) spatial perception and memory in accordance with the tasks of the printed manual used in the classroom with the “cube simulator” or through exercises performed without the use of a printed manual.

The proposed “simulator-cube” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive training for patients.

Claims (3)

1. A cube simulator for restoration classes: finger and hand movements, spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic, characterized in that it contains a hollow body made of plastic, having the shape of a cube, the length of which is 50-60 mm; at the same time, six cylindrical protrusions with an external thread are made on the faces of the body, with plastic plugs of different colors screwed onto them, the height and threaded diameter of each cylindrical protrusion being made to the size of a screw plastic plug with a diameter of 38 mm, and on the end surface of each cylindrical protrusion numbers. 2. The cube simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall thickness of the housing is 2-3 mm. 3. The cube simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the numbers printed on the end surfaces of the cylindrical protrusions are one of the numbers: “1”, “2”, “3”, “4”, “5”, “6” .

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