KR20060004927A - 연료 개질 반응물의 급속가열 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
연료 개질 반응물의 급속가열 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20060004927A KR20060004927A KR1020057018879A KR20057018879A KR20060004927A KR 20060004927 A KR20060004927 A KR 20060004927A KR 1020057018879 A KR1020057018879 A KR 1020057018879A KR 20057018879 A KR20057018879 A KR 20057018879A KR 20060004927 A KR20060004927 A KR 20060004927A
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- reformer
- heat
- heated
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
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- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 11
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 241001621335 Synodontidae Species 0.000 description 1
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- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
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- C01B3/48—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
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- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
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- C01B3/382—Multi-step processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
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- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
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- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
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Abstract
Description
Claims (31)
- (i) 연소 챔버 및 연소 챔버 내에 놓여진, 연소 기체 및 열의 통과를 위해 연소 챔버를 관통하는 비-확산 유로(non-diffused flow path)를 제공하는 촉매를 둘러싸는 외벽을 가지는 연소부 ;(ii) 선택적으로, 둘 이상의 연소 반응물의 혼합용 상기 연소 챔버의 상류 믹서(mixer);(iii) 선택적으로, 상기 촉매와 접촉하기 전에 연소 반응물의 예열용 상기 연소 챔버의 상류의 가열 수단; 및(iv) 상기 연소 챔버와 유체로 연결되며, 열 회수 챔버와 상기 열 회수 챔버 내에 놓여진, 반응물을 받아들이는 유입구와 가열된 반응물을 열 회수부 밖으로 향하게 하는 유출구를 가지는 적어도 하나의 열 교환 요소를 한정하는 외벽을 가지는 열 회수부;를 포함하며,상기 연소부는 상기 열 회수부에 비해 상승되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료 개질장치에서 사용하기 위한 반응물의 급속 가열 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 가열 수단은 장치 외부의 열원인 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 가열 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 가열 수단은 연소 챔버 내에 놓인 열 방출 요소인 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 가열 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 촉매는 모노리식 촉매(monolithic catalyst)인 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 가열 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 열 교환 요소는 코일 배관인 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 가열 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 열 회수 챔버는 내부에 적어도 2 개의 열 교환 요소를 가진 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 가열 장치.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 적어도 2개의 열 교환 요소는 제1 열 교환 요소 및 제2 열 교환 요소를 포함하고 상기 제1 열 교환 요소는 제2 열 교환 요소의 표면적 이하인 열을 교환하기 위한 표면적을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 가열 장치.
- 제7항에 있어서, 제2 열 교환 요소는 물을 증기로 변환시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 가열 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 연소부의 외벽과 상기 열 회수부의 외벽은 장치 틀을 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 가열 장치.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 열 교환 요소의 유입구와 유출구는 열 회수부의 외벽의 하부에 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 가열 장치.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 틀은 원통형인 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 가열 장치.
- 제11항에 있어서, 상기 원통은 약 10인치 이하의 내경을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 가열 장치.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 원통은 약 8인치 이하의 내경을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 가열 장치.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 원통은 약 6인치 이하의 내경을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 가열 장치.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 틀은 길이 대 직경 비가 약 7:1 내지 약 4:1인 길이와 직경을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 가열 장치.
- (i) 전-개질장치에서, 연소부 내에서 가열된 연소 가스가 생성되도록 연료 및 산소-함유 가스를 연소 촉매상에서 연소하는 단계;(ii) 선택적으로, 연소 전에 연료 및/또는 산소-함유 가스를 예열하는 단계;(iii) 선택적으로, 연소 전에 연료 및/또는 산소-함유 가스를 혼합하는 단계;(iv) 가열된 연소 가스를 연소 촉매를 통과하여 열 회수부으로 이동하는 단 계;(v) 가열된 반응물을 생성하기 위하여 열 회수부에서 가열된 연소 가스와 연료 개질장치 반응물 사이에 열을 교환하는 단계; 및(vi) 가열된 반응물을 하부-공급 연료 개질장치로 향하게 하는 단계를 포함하며, 상기 연소부는 상기 열 회수부에 비해 상승되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료 처리장치의 급속 시동 방법.
- 제16항에 있어서, 증기를 생성하기 위하여 가열된 연소 가스와 물 사이에 열을 교환하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 시동 방법.
- 제16항에 있어서, 열이 제1 열 교환 요소에서 가열된 연소 가스와 적어도 하나의 개질장치 반응물 사이에서 교환되고, 열이 제2 열 교환 요소에서 가열된 연소 가스와 물 사이에서 교환되는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 시동 방법.
- 제16항에 있어서, 연료 전지에서의 배출가스를 연료 및 산소-함유 가스와 혼합하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 시동 방법.
- 제16항에 있어서, 상기 가열된 연소 가스는 연소부 내에서 약 600℃의 운영 온도로 가열되는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 시동 방법.
- 제20항에 있어서, 상기 운영 온도는 약 20분 이내에 도달하는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 시동 방법.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 운영 온도는 약 15분 이내에 다다르는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 시동 방법.
- 제22항에 있어서, 상기 운영 온도는 약 10분 이내에 도달하는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 시동 방법.
- 제16항에 있어서, 상기 가열된 연소 가스는 적어도 약 5000GHSV의 속도로 연소 촉매를 통과하는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 시동 방법.
- (i) 연료 개질장치에 가열된 연료 개질 반응물을 제공하기 위해 배열된 전-개질 장치 - 상기 전-개질 장치는연소 챔버 및 연소 챔버 내에 놓여진, 연소 가스 및 열의 통과를 위하여 촉매를 통하는 비-확산 유로(non-diffused flow path)를 제공하는 촉매를 둘러싸는 외벽을 가지는 연소부; 및연소부과 유체로 연결되며, 열 회수 챔버와 상기 열 회수 챔버 내에 놓여진, 반응물을 받아들이는 유입구와 가열된 반응물을 열 회수부 밖으로 향하게 하는 유출구를 가지는 적어도 하나의 열 교환 요소를 한정하는 외벽을 가지는 열 회수부; 를 포함하고, 상기 연소부는 상기 열 회수부에 비해 상승되어 있는 것을 특징으로 함; 및(ii) 전-개질장치로부터 가열된 반응물을 받아들이기 위해 열 교환 요소의 유출구에 연결된 연료 개질장치를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 시동을 위한 집적 연료 처리 장치.
- 제25항에 있어서, 상기 연료 개질장치는 하부-공급 증기 개질장치인 것을 특징으로 하는 집적 연료 처리 장치.
- 제25항에 있어서, 상기 전-개질장치는 연료 전지로 부터 배출 가스를 받아들이고, 배출 가스를 연소부으로 향하게 하기 위해 배열된 것을 특징으로 하는 집적 연료 처리 장치.
- 제25항에 있어서, 상기 연소부의 외벽 및 열 회수부의 외벽은 전-개질장치의 틀을 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 집적 연료 처리 장치.
- 제28항에 있어서, 상기 틀은 길이 대 직경 비가 약 7:1 내지 약 4:1인 길이와 직경을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 집적 연료 처리 장치.
- 제25항에 있어서, 상기 열 교환 요소의 유입구와 유출구는 열 회수부의 외벽의 하부에 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 집적 연료 처리 장치.
- (i) 연료 개질장치에 가열된 개질 반응물을 제공하도록 배열되고, 길이 대 직경 비가 약 7:1 내지 약 4:1인 길이와 직경을 가지는 틀, 가열된 연소 가스를 생성하기 위하여 연소 챔버 내에 놓여진 연소 촉매를 가지는 연소챔버 및 연소 회수 부 내에 놓여진, 반응물을 받아들이는 유입구 및 가열된 반응물을 열 회수부 밖으로 향하게 하는 유출구를 가지는 적어도 하나의 열 교환 요소를 가지는 연소 회수부를 포함하는 전-개질 장치 및(ii) 전-개질장치로 부터 가열된 반응물을 받아들이기 위한 열 교환 요소의 유출구에 연결된 연료 개질장치를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 급속 시동을 위한집적 연료 처리 장치.
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US10/408,080 | 2003-04-04 | ||
US10/408,080 US7235217B2 (en) | 2003-04-04 | 2003-04-04 | Method and apparatus for rapid heating of fuel reforming reactants |
PCT/US2004/009786 WO2004090075A2 (en) | 2003-04-04 | 2004-03-30 | Method and apparatus for rapid heating of fuel reforming reactants |
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JP5002885B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-26 | 2012-08-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
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WO2004090075A3 (en) | 2005-01-27 |
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WO2004090075A2 (en) | 2004-10-21 |
MXPA05010579A (es) | 2005-11-23 |
EP1611221A4 (en) | 2011-05-04 |
TWI392543B (zh) | 2013-04-11 |
TW200505576A (en) | 2005-02-16 |
BRPI0409144A (pt) | 2006-03-28 |
HK1090661A1 (zh) | 2006-12-29 |
NO20055174L (no) | 2006-01-03 |
JP2006523603A (ja) | 2006-10-19 |
KR101118825B1 (ko) | 2012-03-22 |
MY138396A (en) | 2009-05-29 |
AU2004227329A1 (en) | 2004-10-21 |
CN100519707C (zh) | 2009-07-29 |
NO20055174D0 (no) | 2005-11-03 |
JP5015590B2 (ja) | 2012-08-29 |
US7235217B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 |
US20040194384A1 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
CA2521292C (en) | 2012-01-03 |
CN1791663A (zh) | 2006-06-21 |
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