KR102595957B1 - 고체 촬상 소자 및 고체 촬상 장치 - Google Patents
고체 촬상 소자 및 고체 촬상 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102595957B1 KR102595957B1 KR1020227045332A KR20227045332A KR102595957B1 KR 102595957 B1 KR102595957 B1 KR 102595957B1 KR 1020227045332 A KR1020227045332 A KR 1020227045332A KR 20227045332 A KR20227045332 A KR 20227045332A KR 102595957 B1 KR102595957 B1 KR 102595957B1
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- SCRZPWWVSXWCMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Tb+3].[Tb+3] SCRZPWWVSXWCMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004001 thioalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005259 triarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroborane Chemical compound ClB(Cl)Cl FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
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- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
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- H10K30/60—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation in which radiation controls flow of current through the devices, e.g. photoresistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/52—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames
- H01L23/522—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body
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- H10F30/00—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors
- H10F30/20—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
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- H10K30/353—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising bulk heterojunctions, e.g. interpenetrating networks of donor and acceptor material domains comprising blocking layers, e.g. exciton blocking layers
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- H10K30/80—Constructional details
- H10K30/81—Electrodes
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- H10K39/30—Devices controlled by radiation
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- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
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- H10K85/322—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3] comprising boron
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- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6572—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 본 개시의 제1의 실시의 형태에 관한 고체 촬상 소자의 개략 구성의 한 예를 도시하는 단면도.
도 3a는 도 1에 도시한 유기 광전변환부의 에너지 준위의 한 예를 도시하는 도면.
도 3b는 도 1에 도시한 유기 광전변환부의 에너지 준위의 다른 예를 도시하는 도면.
도 4는 도 2에 도시한 고체 촬상 장치의 화소의 구성을 도시하는 평면 모식도.
도 5는 도 2에 도시한 고체 촬상 소자의 제조 방법을 설명하기 위한 단면도.
도 6은 도 5에 계속된 공정을 도시하는 단면도.
도 7은 도 6에 계속된 공정을 도시하는 단면도.
도 8은 도 7에 계속된 공정을 도시하는 단면도.
도 9는 본 개시의 제2의 실시의 형태에 관한 유기 광전변환부의 단면 구성을 도시하는 모식도.
도 10은 본 개시의 제3의 실시의 형태에 관한 유기 광전변환부의 단면 구성을 도시하는 모식도.
도 11은 본 개시의 제4의 실시의 형태에 관한 유기 광전변환부의 단면 구성을 도시하는 모식도.
도 12a는 도 11에 도시한 광전변환층을 구성하는 각 층의 에너지 준위의 한 예를 도시하는 도면.
도 12b는 도 11에 도시한 광전변환층을 구성하는 각 층의 에너지 준위의 다른 예를 도시하는 도면.
도 13a는 도 11에 도시한 광전변환층을 구성하는 각 층의 에너지 준위의 다른 예를 도시하는 도면.
도 13b는 도 11에 도시한 광전변환층을 구성하는 각 층의 에너지 준위의 다른 예를 도시하는 도면.
도 14는 본 개시의 제5의 실시의 형태에 관한 고체 촬상 소자(유기 광전변환부)의 개략 구성의 한 예를 도시하는 단면도.
도 15는 본 개시의 제6의 실시의 형태에 관한 고체 촬상 소자(유기 광전변환부)의 개략 구성의 한 예를 도시하는 단면도.
도 16은 도 2에 도시한 고체 촬상 소자를 화소로서 사용하는 고체 촬상 장치의 기능 블록도.
도 17은 도 16에 도시한 고체 촬상 장치를 사용한 전자 기기의 개략 구성을 도시하는 블록도.
도 18은 체내 정보 취득 시스템의 개략적인 구성의 한 예를 도시하는 블록도.
도 19는 본 기술이 적용될 수 있는 내시경 수술 시스템의 개략적인 구성의 한 예를 도시하는 도면.
도 20은 도 19에 도시한 카메라 헤드 및 CCU의 기능 구성의 한 예를 도시하는 블록도.
도 21은 차량 제어 시스템의 개략적인 구성례를 도시하는 블록도.
도 22는 촬상부의 마련 위치의 한 예를 도시하는 설명도.
도 23은 실험 1에서의 도핑 농도와 보호층 형성 전후의 암전류의 증가율과의 관계를 도시하는 특성도.
도 24는 실험 2에서의 도핑 농도와 보호층 형성 전후의 암전류의 증가율과의 관계를 도시하는 특성도.
도 25는 실험 3에서의 도핑 농도와 보호층 형성 전후의 암전류의 증가율과의 관계를 도시하는 특성도.
도 26은 최소 결합 에너지와 보호층 형성 전후의 암전류의 증가율과의 관계를 도시하는 특성도.
도 27은 실험례 28∼33에서의 상부 중간층의 전자 친화력과 암전류와의 관계를 도시하는 특성도.
도 28은 실험례 28∼33에서의 상부 중간층의 전자 친화력과 양자 효율과의 관계를 도시하는 특성도.
도 29는 실험례 34∼37에서의 상부 중간층의 전자 친화력과 암전류와의 관계를 도시하는 특성도.
도 30은 실험례 34∼37에서의 상부 중간층의 전자 친화력과 양자 효율과의 관계를 도시하는 특성도.
도 31은 광전변환층과 상부 전극 사이의 거리와 보호층 형성 전후의 암전류의 증가율((Jdk-Jdk,0)/Jdk,0)과의 관계를 도시하는 특성도.
Claims (11)
- 하부 전극과,
상기 하부 전극과 대향 배치된 상부 전극과,
상기 하부 전극과 상기 상부 전극의 사이에 마련되는 광전변환층과,
상기 광전변환층은 제1 반도체 재료를 포함하는 여기자 생성층과, 제2 반도체 재료를 포함하는 여기자 해리층을 포함하며,
상기 여기자 해리층과 상기 여기자 생성층의 사이에 제1 중간층 및 제2 중간층이 마련되며,
분자 내에 할로겐 원자를 갖는 상기 제2의 반도체 재료의 농도가 0체적% 보다 크며 0.05체적% 미만인 상부 중간층을 구비한 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 촬상 소자. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1의 유기 반도체 재료는, 분자 내에 1 또는 2 이상의 할로겐 원자를 포함함과 함께, 상기 분자 내에서 가장 작은 결합 에너지를 갖는 할로겐 원자의 결합 에너지가 5.4eV 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 촬상 소자. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 광전변환층은, 상기 제1의 유기 반도체 재료에 대해 전자 공여체가 되는 제3의 유기 반도체 재료 및 상기 제1의 유기 반도체 재료에 대해 전자 수용체가 되는 제4의 유기 반도체 재료의 적어도 일방을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 촬상 소자. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1의 유기 반도체 재료는 붕소화서브프탈로시아닌 유도체인 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 촬상 소자. - 제2항에 있어서,
상기 상부 전극이 캐소드로서 기능하는 경우, 상기 상부 전극의 일함수(WF), 상기 상부 중간층의 전자 친화력(EA1) 및 상기 광전변환층을 구성하는 재료 중, 가장 작은 전자 친화력을 갖는 재료의 전자 친화력(EA2)은, EA2≤EA1≤WF를 충족시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 촬상 소자. - 제2항에 있어서,
상기 상부 전극이 애노드로서 기능하는 경우, 상기 상부 전극의 일함수(WF) 및 상기 상부 중간층의 전자 친화력(EA1)은, EA1>WF를 충족시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 촬상 소자. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 상부 전극과 상기 광전변환층 사이의 거리는 5㎚ 이상 20㎚ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 촬상 소자. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 상부 전극은, 인듐주석산화물(ITO), 인듐아연산화물(IZO) 및 인듐텅스텐산화물(IWO) 중의 적어도 1종을 포함하여 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 촬상 소자. - 제1항에 있어서,
1 또는 복수의 상기 광전변환층을 갖는 유기 광전변환부와, 상기 유기 광전변환부와는 다른 파장역의 광전변환을 행하는 1 또는 복수의 무기 광전변환부가 적층되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 촬상 소자. - 제9항에 있어서,
상기 무기 광전변환부는, 반도체 기판에 매입 형성되고,
상기 유기 광전변환부는, 상기 반도체 기판의 제1면측에 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 촬상 소자. - 1 또는 복수의 고체 촬상 소자가 각각 마련되어 있는 복수의 화소를 구비하고,
상기 고체 촬상 소자는,
하부 전극과,
상기 하부 전극과 대향 배치된 상부 전극과,
상기 하부 전극과 상기 상부 전극의 사이에 마련되는 광전변환층과,
상기 광전변환층은 제1 반도체 재료를 포함하는 여기자 생성층과, 제2 반도체 재료를 포함하는 여기자 해리층을 포함하며,
상기 여기자 해리층과 상기 여기자 생성층의 사이에 제1 중간층 및 제2 중간층이 마련되며,
분자 내에 할로겐 원자를 갖는 상기 제2의 반도체 재료의 농도가 0체적% 보다 크며 0.05체적% 미만인 상부 중간층을 구비한 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 촬상 장치.
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