KR101617898B1 - Binder based on carboxylic acid vinyl ethylene ester copolymer and polyolefin containing a functional monomer - Google Patents
Binder based on carboxylic acid vinyl ethylene ester copolymer and polyolefin containing a functional monomer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101617898B1 KR101617898B1 KR1020107020182A KR20107020182A KR101617898B1 KR 101617898 B1 KR101617898 B1 KR 101617898B1 KR 1020107020182 A KR1020107020182 A KR 1020107020182A KR 20107020182 A KR20107020182 A KR 20107020182A KR 101617898 B1 KR101617898 B1 KR 101617898B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- tie
- polyolefin
- functional monomer
- ethylene
- copolymer
- Prior art date
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- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl-ethylene Natural products C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 37
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 19
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
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- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical group C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- OMXANELYEWRDAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexacosene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C OMXANELYEWRDAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005440 Altuglas® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- CGPRUXZTHGTMKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=C.CCOC(=O)C=C CGPRUXZTHGTMKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(oxo)alumane Chemical compound C[Al]=O CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAMFXQBUQXONLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-alpha-eicosene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C VAMFXQBUQXONLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ZDLBWMYNYNATIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracos-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C ZDLBWMYNYNATIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009823 thermal lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N (4e)-hexa-1,4-diene Chemical compound C\C=C\CC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJOWICOBYCXEKR-KRXBUXKQSA-N (5e)-5-ethylidenebicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound C1C2C(=C/C)/CC1C=C2 OJOWICOBYCXEKR-KRXBUXKQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLQXEFXDBYHMRG-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC1CO1 WLQXEFXDBYHMRG-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GXSSZJREKCITAD-ARJAWSKDSA-N (z)-4-ethenoxy-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC=C GXSSZJREKCITAD-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940106006 1-eicosene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FIKTURVKRGQNQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-eicosene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CC(O)=O FIKTURVKRGQNQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-4-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C(O)=O)NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HHPQBRWIPNIALO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(cyclohexen-1-yloxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COC1=CCCCC1 HHPQBRWIPNIALO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJRUAPNVLBABCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(ethenoxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound C=COCC1CO1 JJRUAPNVLBABCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYXWPOQHLFRAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl hydroxy carbonate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)OO SYXWPOQHLFRAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POXVYHCZLVECNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-3-pent-3-enyloxetane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC=CCCC1(C)C(=O)OC1=O POXVYHCZLVECNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CC(C)C=C YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NNN=N1 MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006653 Ziegler-Natta catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] Chemical compound [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
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- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001204 arachidyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002511 behenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000357 carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003901 ceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002463 lignoceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31913—Monoolefin polymer
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- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31935—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
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Abstract
본 발명은 카르복실산 비닐 에틸렌 에스테르 공중합체 (A), 및 관능성 단량체 (X) 를 함유하는 폴리올레핀 (B) 의 혼합물을 포함하고, B/(A+B) 중량비가 0.05 내지 1 의 범위 내에 있는 결합제에 관한 것이다. 상기 결합제는 태양광 모듈에서 다양한 지지체와 접착하는데 매우 양호한 접착성을 갖고, 게다가 태양광 모듈에서 결합제의 유리한 용도를 위한 충분한 투명성 및 전기 저항성을 갖는다.The present invention relates to a polyolefin (B) comprising a mixture of a carboxylic acid vinyl ethylene ester copolymer (A) and a polyolefin (B) containing a functional monomer (X) and having a B / (A + B) weight ratio within a range of 0.05 to 1 ≪ / RTI > The binders have very good adhesion to adhere to various supports in photovoltaic modules and yet have sufficient transparency and electrical resistivity for the beneficial use of the binder in photovoltaic modules.
Description
본 발명은 접착성을 갖는, 에틸렌/카르복실산 비닐 에스테르 공중합체 및 폴리올레핀 기재 타이에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an ethylene / carboxylic acid vinyl ester copolymer and a polyolefin based tie, which have adhesive properties.
더욱 특히, 상기 타이는 유리하게는 태양광 모듈에서 캡슐화제로서 사용될 수 있다.More particularly, the tie may advantageously be used as an encapsulating agent in a solar module.
에틸렌/비닐 에스테르 공중합체로 구성된 타이는 특정한 중합체 물질 (예를 들어, 폴리에틸렌 또는 폴리스티렌) 또는 다른 금속과의 접착을 가능하게 하는 것으로 공지되어 있다. 이러한 타이는 고가가 아니고, 투명하며 사용하기 용이한 장점이 있다. 이러한 유형의 공중합체 중에서, 에틸렌/비닐 아세테이트 공중합체 (EVA) 를 언급할 수 있다. 이들은 예를 들어, 태양 전지판(solar panel) (또는 "태양광 모듈" 로 공지되어 있음) 또는 적층 유리와 같은 다양한 분야에서 발견된다.Ties composed of ethylene / vinyl ester copolymers are known to enable adhesion with certain polymeric materials (e.g., polyethylene or polystyrene) or other metals. These ties are not expensive, transparent, and easy to use. Of these types of copolymers, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA) can be mentioned. These are found in various fields such as, for example, solar panels (also known as "solar modules") or laminated glass.
그러나, 특정 지지체 (유리, 폴리메틸 메타크릴레이트 (PMMA)) 와의 접착성은 특정 용품에 불충분하다. However, adhesion to a specific support (glass, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)) is insufficient for a specific article.
특히, 태양광 모듈 분야에서, EVA 는 태양광 전지를 "캡슐화" 하기 위해 타이로서 사용된다. 이러한 태양광 전지는 일반적으로 금속 와이어에 의해 함께 결합된다. EVA-기재 타이는 금속과의 접착성, 및 규소 결정과의 접착성을 갖는데, 이는 전지가 공기 중 이산소 (dioxygen) 와 접촉하지 못하게 하고, 부식을 억제한다. "캡슐화" 의 역할을 갖는다. 이러한 캡슐화된 태양광 전지는 모듈의 낮은 보호 지지체 ("후면 시트" 로 공지되어 있음) 상에 놓여 있고, 상기 지지체의 주 역할은 수분로부터 태양광 전지를 보호하는 것이다. 이러한 후면 시트는 다층 플루오로중합체/폴리에틸렌 테레프탈레이트/플루오로중합체 유형 또는 플루오로중합체/폴리에틸렌 테레프탈레이트/EVA 유형의 구조체로부터 형성될 수 있다. 유리 시트 또는 투명한 중합체 시트는 타이의 다른 면에 적용되어, 충격 및 외부 수분로부터 전지를 보호하고, 이러한 상부 보호층은 통상 "전면 시트" 로서 공지되어 있다. 캡슐화제가 구조체의 다양한 지지체 (전지, 후면 시트, 전면 시트) 와 충분히 접착하지 않는 경우, 전지 및 타이의 접촉부분에서의 공기 중 수분이 태양 전지판 내부에서 발생하게 되고, 이는 전지에 악영향을 끼치고, 후면 시트/캡슐화제 접합부분 또는 캡슐화제/전면 시트 접합부분에서 박리됨으로써 노화를 가속화시킨다. In particular, in the field of solar modules, EVA is used as a tie to "encapsulate " a solar cell. Such solar cells are generally bonded together by metal wires. EVA-based ties have adhesion to metals and adhesion to silicon crystals, which prevents the cell from contact with dioxygen in the air and inhibits corrosion. It has the role of "encapsulation". This encapsulated photovoltaic cell lies on a low protective backing of the module (known as "back sheet"), and the main role of the backing is to protect the photovoltaic cell from moisture. This backsheet can be formed from a multilayer fluoropolymer / polyethylene terephthalate / fluoropolymer type or a fluoropolymer / polyethylene terephthalate / EVA type structure. The glass sheet or transparent polymer sheet is applied to the other side of the tie to protect the cell from shocks and external moisture, and such an upper protective layer is commonly known as a "front sheet ". If the encapsulant does not sufficiently adhere to the various supports of the structure (battery, back sheet, front sheet), moisture in the air at the contact portion of the battery and the tie will be generated inside the solar panel, which adversely affects the battery, Accelerated aging by being peeled off at the sheet / encapsulating agent bonding portion or the encapsulating agent / front sheet bonding portion.
유사하게는, 적층 유리의 경우에서, EVA 는 유리 시트들 사이에서 타이로서 제공될 수 있다. 순수 EVA 가 사용될 때, 시트의 박리가 경시적으로 관찰될 수 있다. Similarly, in the case of laminated glass, EVA can be provided as a tie between glass sheets. When pure EVA is used, the peeling of the sheet can be observed over time.
또한, EVA 로 구성된 타이는 PMMA 와의 접착성이 거의 없다. 그러나, 태양 전지판의 경우, 유리로 제조된 보호층을 PMMA 시트로 대체할 수 있다.Further, the tie composed of EVA has almost no adhesion to PMMA. However, in the case of a solar panel, the protective layer made of glass can be replaced with a PMMA sheet.
적층 유리의 경우에서, 예를 들어 벌크의 PMMA 층에 유기 안료를 첨가함으로써 착색된 구조체의 제조를 가능하게 하기 위해서, 층들 중 하나 이상은 PMMA 로 제조되는 것이 가능하다.In the case of laminated glass, it is possible for one or more of the layers to be made of PMMA, for example, to enable the production of a colored structure by adding an organic pigment to the bulk PMMA layer.
이러한 접착 문제를 해결하기 위해서, 커플링제가 종종 EVA-기재 타이와 혼합된다. 타이 및 지지체 사이의 접착성이 향상되도록 하는 이러한 작용제는 유기 티타네이트 또는 실란으로부터 선택되는 생성물이다. 태양 전지판을 완성하는 동안, 구성요소는 적층되어 조립되고, 전지판은 실리콘 막을 통해 진공 하에 인출된다. 그러나, 상기 실리콘 막은 커플링제와 접촉하여 분해되는 경향이 있다; 따라서 실리콘 막의 사용을 제한하는 것이 필수적이다. 이는 현재 태양광 모듈의 제조사에게는 주요한 문제인데, 그 이유는 상기 실리콘 막이 고가이고, 실리콘 막을 대체하는 시간 동안 제조를 중단할 필요가 있기 때문이다. 게다가, 커플링제는 수분과 접촉시 가수분해하고, 경시적으로 활성이 떨어지는 경향이 있다. To solve this adhesion problem, the coupling agent is often mixed with the EVA-based tie. Such an agent that allows improved adhesion between the tie and the support is a product selected from organic titanates or silanes. During the completion of the solar panel, the components are stacked and assembled, and the solar panel is drawn out under vacuum through the silicon film. However, the silicon film tends to decompose in contact with the coupling agent; It is therefore essential to limit the use of the silicon film. This is a major problem for current solar module manufacturers because the silicon film is expensive and manufacturing needs to be stopped for the time to replace the silicon film. In addition, the coupling agent is subject to hydrolysis upon contact with moisture and tends to be less active over time.
게다가, PMMA 의 경우에서, 상기 커플링제의 효과는 매우 약하고, 태양 전지판 및 적층 유리의 분야에서 사용하기에 충분한 접착성을 보장할 수 있지 못하다. In addition, in the case of PMMA, the effect of the coupling agent is very weak and can not guarantee sufficient adhesion for use in the fields of solar panels and laminated glass.
이러한 EVA 타이의 대안적인 해결책은 이미 종래 기술에 기재되어 있다. An alternative solution to this EVA Tie has already been described in the prior art.
출원 WO 2006/093936 에는 태양 전지판의 수명을 증가시키기 위해 흡수제를 첨가함으로써 노화 작용이 개선된 캡슐화제가 기재되어 있다. 이는 전지판의 다양한 구성요소들 간의 접착성의 향상과는 관계가 없다. Application WO 2006/093936 describes an encapsulant with improved aging by adding an absorbent to increase the lifetime of the solar panel. This is not related to the improvement in adhesion between the various components of the battery panel.
출원 US 2006/0165929 에는 3 층 이상을 포함하고, 내부층이 2 개의 이오노머층 사이에 끼어 있는 중합체층인 다층 구조체가 기재되어 있다. 이 구조체는 타이로서 유리 지지체에 제공한다. 이러한 타이는 3-층 구조체의 제조에 필요하지만, 제조 공정을 더욱 복잡하게 하고, 생산 비용을 증가시킨다. Application US 2006/0165929 describes a multi-layer structure comprising at least three layers, the inner layer being a polymer layer sandwiched between two ionomer layers. This structure is provided as a tie to a glass support. Such ties are necessary for the manufacture of three-layer structures, but they further complicate the manufacturing process and increase production costs.
특허 US 6,414,236 에는 에틸렌/불포화 지방산 에스테르/불포화 지방산 삼중합체로 구성된 타이가 기재되어 있다. 상기 타이는 양호한 열 및 수분 내노화성을 수득할 수 있게 한다.Patent US 6,414,236 describes tie composed of an ethylene / unsaturated fatty acid ester / unsaturated fatty acid terpolymer. The tie makes it possible to obtain good heat and water aging resistance.
출원인에 의한 특허 출원 US 2005/0069710 에는, 에틸렌/(메트)아크릴레이트/에폭시드 공중합체로부터 형성된 타이층과 접착하는, PMMA 를 관능화시킬 수 있는 관능화된 중합체 및 플루오로중합체의 배합물의 하나의 층으로 구성되어 있고, 기판을 코팅하는데 유용한 다층 필름이 기재되어 있다. 이러한 타이는 PMMA 가 관능화될 때 배합물 층에 접착할 뿐이다. 게다가, 접착성을 향상시키기 위해서 높은 온도 및 압력 (240℃, 40 MPa) 에서 프레싱이 수행되어야 하는데, 이는 지지체의 다양한 구성요소의 열 분해 및 변형을 야기시킬 수 있다. 예를 들어, 상기 온도는 이 온도에서 탈기를 야기시킬 수 있는 커플링제의 사용을 막는다.Patent Application US 2005/0069710 by the Applicant discloses that one of the functionalized polymers capable of functionalizing PMMA and a combination of fluoropolymers that adhere to a tie layer formed from an ethylene / (meth) acrylate / epoxide copolymer , And multilayer films useful for coating substrates are disclosed. These ties only adhere to the compound layer when the PMMA is functionalized. In addition, the pressing must be performed at high temperature and pressure (240 DEG C, 40 MPa) in order to improve the adhesion, which may cause thermal decomposition and deformation of various components of the support. For example, the temperature prevents the use of coupling agents that can cause degassing at this temperature.
타이가 태양광 모듈에서, 특히 태양 전지의 캡슐화제로서 사용될 수 있도록 하기 위해서, 상기 타이는 양호한 투명성을 갖는 것이 유리하다. 실제로, 태양 복사가 태양 전지를 피복하는 층을 통과하기 때문에 매우 많이 감소하지 않는 경우, 캡슐화된 태양 전지의 효율성이 더 높아진다. It is advantageous for the tie to have good transparency in order to enable the tie to be used as an encapsulant in solar cells, especially solar cells. In fact, the efficiency of the encapsulated solar cell is higher if solar radiation does not decrease very much because it passes through the layer covering the solar cell.
바람직하게는, 투명한 타이는 헤이즈 정도가 10 % 이하이고, 이러한 헤이즈 정도는 500 ㎛ 두께의 타이 필름 상에, 가시 범위 (380 내지 780 nm) 내의 적어도 하나의 파장에서 ASTM D1003 표준에 따라 측정된다.Preferably, the transparent tie has a haze degree of 10% or less and the degree of haze is measured on a 500 탆 thick tie film according to ASTM D1003 standard at at least one wavelength in the visible range (380 to 780 nm).
타이의 전기 저항성이 충분히 높은 것이 또한 바람직하다. 저항성이 높은 경우, 태양광 모듈의 단락 (short-circuit) 의 위험 없이 캡슐화 필름의 두께를 감소시키는 것이 가능하다.It is also preferable that the electrical resistance of the tie is sufficiently high. If the resistivity is high, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the encapsulating film without risk of short-circuiting the photovoltaic module.
유리하게는, 타이는 전기 부피 저항율이 100 ㎛ 필름 상에서 23℃ 에서, 주파수 0.01 Hz 에서 측정될 때 1014 ohm.cm 이상이다. Advantageously, the tie is at least 10 14 ohm.cm when measured at a frequency of 0.01 Hz at 23 캜 on a 100 탆 film.
따라서 매우 상이한 화학적 성질 및 표면 에너지를 갖고, 전술한 문제점을 해결하는 지지체 (유리, 플라스틱, 금속, 규소 결정 등) 를 결합하게 할 수 있는 타이를 개발할 필요가 있다. Therefore, there is a need to develop a tie that has very different chemical properties and surface energies and is capable of binding supports (glass, plastic, metal, silicon crystals, etc.) that solve the above problems.
발명의 요약SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
본 발명의 목적은 단일층 필름의 형태이고, 통상적인 EVA-기재 타이와 관련하여, 유리, 금속, 규소 결정, 또는 다른 중합체 물질, 특히 관능화되거나 비관능화된 PMMA 만큼 다양한 지지체에 향상된 접착성을 나타내는 타이를 제공하는 것이다. 바람직하게는, 본 발명의 타이의 제조는 전술된 해결책보다 더욱 경제적이다. It is an object of the present invention to provide improved adhesion to glass, metal, silicon crystals, or other polymeric materials, particularly as many as the functionalized or non-functionalized PMMA, with respect to conventional EVA- Quot; tie ". Preferably, the manufacture of the tie of the present invention is more economical than the aforementioned solution.
본 발명에 따르면, 타이는 에틸렌/카르복실산 비닐 에스테르 공중합체 (A), 및 관능성 단량체 (X) 를 함유하는 폴리올레핀 (B) 의 배합물을 포함한다. B/(A+B) 중량비는 바람직하게는 0.05 내지 1, 예를 들어 0.05 내지 1, 더욱 바람직하게는 0.05 내지 0.5 의 범위 내에 있다.According to the invention, the tie comprises a combination of an ethylene / carboxylic acid vinyl ester copolymer (A) and a polyolefin (B) containing a functional monomer (X). The weight ratio of B / (A + B) is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 1, for example 0.05 to 1, more preferably 0.05 to 0.5.
상기 중합체 둘의 배합물은 단일층 필름을 형성할 수 있으면서, 유리, 금속, 규소 결정, 또는 다른 중합체 물질, 특히 PMMA 만큼 다양한 지지체에 대한 접착성을 갖는 타이를 형성할 수 있다. The combination of the two polymers can form a single layer film, and can form ties with glass, metal, silicon crystals, or other polymeric materials, in particular adhesives for as many supports as PMMA.
더욱 특히, 본 발명은 태양광 모듈에서, 특히 태양광 전지의 캡슐화제로서의 타이의 용도에 관한 것이다. 상기 타이의 다른 장점은 실란과 같은 커플링제를 사용하지 않고서도 양호한 접착성을 갖는 점이다.More particularly, the invention relates to the use of tie as an encapsulating agent in photovoltaic modules, particularly solar cells. Another advantage of the tie is that it has good adhesion without using a coupling agent such as silane.
게다가, 타이가 저온에서 및/또는 감압 하에서 프레스-성형되는 경우에도, 타이는 태양광 모듈의 다양한 지지체에 접착한다. 표현 "저온" 은 유리하게는 160℃ 미만, 심지어 150℃ 미만의 온도를 의미한다. 표현 "감암" 은 바람직하게는 10 MPa 미만의 압력을 의미한다.In addition, even when the tie is press-molded at low temperature and / or under reduced pressure, the tie will adhere to the various supports of the solar module. The expression "low temperature" advantageously means a temperature below 160 ° C, even below 150 ° C. The expression "carcinogen" preferably means a pressure of less than 10 MPa.
게다가, 상기 타이는 유리하게는 태양광 모듈에서 캡슐화제로서 사용되도록 하는 투명성 및 전기 저항성을 갖는다.In addition, the tie advantageously has transparency and electrical resistance that allow it to be used as an encapsulant in photovoltaic modules.
본 발명의 구현예에 따르면, (B)/((A)+(B)) 가 1 인 경우, 조성물은 에틸렌/카르복실산 비닐 에스테르 공중합체 (A) 를 포함하지 않는다.According to an embodiment of the present invention, when (B) / ((A) + (B)) is 1, the composition does not include the ethylene / carboxylic acid vinyl ester copolymer (A).
유리하게는, B/(A+B) 중량비는 0.05 내지 0.4, 바람직하게는 0.15 내지 0.4 이다.Advantageously, the B / (A + B) weight ratio is 0.05 to 0.4, preferably 0.15 to 0.4.
추가적으로 타이는 경제적으로 수익성을 올리도록 비용/성능 균형을 맞춘다. In addition, Thailand balances the cost / performance to make it economically profitable.
본 발명의 설명에서, 중합체인 공중합체 (A) 또는 폴리올레핀 (B) 이 단량체를 포함하는 경우, 상기 단량체가 중합체에서 중합된 형태로 존재하는 것을 의미하는 것으로 명시되어 있다. In the description of the present invention, when the copolymer (A) or the polyolefin (B) which is a polymer comprises a monomer, it is specified that the monomer exists in a polymerized form in the polymer.
예를 들어, 폴리올레핀 (B) 및 공중합체 (A) 내에서 사용되는 각 단량체의 양은 푸리에 변환 적외선 분광법 (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) 및 ISO 8985 표준의 공지된 기술을 사용하여 측정하는 것이 가능하다.For example, the amount of each monomer used in the polyolefin (B) and the copolymer (A) can be measured using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and the known technique of the ISO 8985 standard.
폴리올레핀 (B) 에 관해서, 단량체로서 α-올레핀을 포함하는 중합체이다.Regarding the polyolefin (B), it is a polymer containing an? -Olefin as a monomer.
바람직하게는, α-올레핀은 에틸렌이다.Preferably, the -olefin is ethylene.
제 1 구현예에 따르면, 관능성 단량체 (X) 는 폴리올레핀 (B) 으로 그래프트화된다.According to the first embodiment, the functional monomer (X) is grafted to the polyolefin (B).
제 2 구현예에 따르면, 관능성 단량체 (X) 는 폴리올레핀 (B) 의 사슬에서 공중합된다.According to a second embodiment, the functional monomer (X) is copolymerized in the chain of the polyolefin (B).
폴리올레핀 (B) 에 함유되어 있는 관능성 단량체 (X) 의 양은 바람직하게는 0.05 내지 10 중량% 이고, 상기 단량체는 그래프트화되거나 공중합된다.The amount of the functional monomer (X) contained in the polyolefin (B) is preferably 0.05 to 10% by weight, and the monomer is grafted or copolymerized.
상기 폴리올레핀 (B) 에 함유되어 있는 관능성 단량체 (X) 는 유리하게는 말레산 무수물이다.The functional monomer (X) contained in the polyolefin (B) is advantageously maleic anhydride.
본 발명의 바람직한 타이 중 하나는 관능성 폴리올레핀 (B) 으로서 에틸렌/알킬 (메트)아크릴레이트/말레산 무수물 공중합체를 포함한다.One preferred tie of the present invention comprises an ethylene / alkyl (meth) acrylate / maleic anhydride copolymer as the functional polyolefin (B).
본 발명의 가장 특히 바람직한 다른 타이는 관능성 폴리올레핀 (B) 으로서 에틸렌/비닐 아세테이트/말레산 무수물 공중합체를 포함한다.Other particularly preferred ties of the present invention include ethylene / vinyl acetate / maleic anhydride copolymers as the functional polyolefin (B).
폴리올레핀 (B) 은 또한 관능성 단량체 (X) 로서 불포화 에폭시드, 바람직하게는 글리시딜 메타크릴레이트를 포함할 수 있다. 글리시딜 메타크릴레이트를 포함하는 폴리올레핀 (B) 의 예로서, 에틸렌/글리시딜 메타크릴레이트 공중합체 또는 에틸렌/알킬 (메트)아크릴레이트/글리시딜 메타크릴레이트 공중합체를 언급할 수 있다.The polyolefin (B) may also contain an unsaturated epoxide, preferably glycidyl methacrylate, as the functional monomer (X). As an example of the polyolefin (B) containing glycidyl methacrylate, ethylene / glycidyl methacrylate copolymer or ethylene / alkyl (meth) acrylate / glycidyl methacrylate copolymer can be mentioned .
폴리올레핀 (B) 이 불포화 에폭시드를 포함할 경우, 조성물의 저항성 및 투명성이 우수하다. 접착성은 특히 태양광 모듈에서 통상적으로 사용되는 유리, PMMA 또는 후면 시트 유형의 지지체를 사용하여 향상된다. 따라서, 특히 바람직한 타이는 캡슐화제로서 사용된다.When the polyolefin (B) contains an unsaturated epoxide, the composition is excellent in resistance and transparency. Adhesion is improved especially with glass, PMMA or back sheet type supports commonly used in photovoltaic modules. Thus, a particularly preferred tie is used as the encapsulating agent.
유리하게는, 공중합체 (A) 는 에틸렌/비닐 아세테이트 공중합체이다.Advantageously, the copolymer (A) is an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer.
공중합체 (A) 에서 카르복실산 비닐 에스테르 함량은 유리하게는 15 내지 60 중량%, 더욱 바람직하게는 25 내지 45 중량% 의 비닐 에스테르이다. In the copolymer (A), the carboxylic acid vinyl ester content is advantageously 15 to 60% by weight, more preferably 25 to 45% by weight, of vinyl esters.
본 발명에 따르면, 조성물은 필름의 형태가 될 수 있다. 상기 공중합체 (A) 의 비닐 에스테르 범위에서, 필름은 더 양호한 접착성을 갖고, 공지된 가공 방법에 의한 이의 형성을 용이하게 한다.According to the present invention, the composition can be in the form of a film. In the vinyl ester range of the copolymer (A), the film has better adhesion and facilitates its formation by known processing methods.
유사하게는, 타이는 용융 흐름 지수 (MFI) 가 1 내지 400 g/10 분 (ASTM D 1238 - 190℃/2.16 ㎏), 바람직하게는 40 내지 300 g/10 분인 것이 유리하다. 당업자는 적합한 몰 질량 및 적합한 공단량체 함량을 갖는 중합체 (A) 및 (B) 를 선택하거나, B/(A+B) 중량비를 조정함으로써 상기 타이를 용이하게 제조할 것이다. 타이는 상기 용융 흐름 지수 범위 내에서, 통상적인 압출-취입 성형, 압출-적층, 압출-코팅, 캘린더링 또는 캐스트 압출 기술에 의해 필름의 형태로 압출될 수 있으면서 양호한 접착성을 갖는다. 바람직하게는, 압출-취입 성형, 캐스트 압출 또는 캘린더링이 본 발명에 따른 필름을 형성하는데 사용된다. 본 발명의 타이로부터 필름을 형성하기 위해서, 당업자는 압출 기술의 작업 조건 (압출기에서의 온도, 스크류의 회전 속도, 롤러 속도) 을 용이하게 결정할 수 있다. Similarly, it is advantageous that the tie has a melt flow index (MFI) of 1 to 400 g / 10 min (ASTM D 1238-190 DEG C / 2.16 kg), preferably 40 to 300 g / 10 min. Those skilled in the art will readily prepare such ties by selecting polymers (A) and (B) with suitable molar masses and suitable comonomer content, or by adjusting the B / (A + B) weight ratio. The ties can be extruded in the form of films by conventional extrusion-blow molding, extrusion-lamination, extrusion-coating, calendering or cast extrusion techniques within the melt flow index range, yet have good adhesion. Preferably, extrusion-blow molding, cast extrusion or calendering is used to form the film according to the present invention. In order to form a film from the tie of the present invention, those skilled in the art can easily determine the operating conditions of the extrusion technique (temperature at the extruder, rotational speed of the screw, and roller speed).
조성물이 필름 형태로 되는 경우, 필름의 두께는 바람직하게는 50 ㎛ 내지 2000 ㎛ 이다.When the composition is in the form of a film, the thickness of the film is preferably 50 μm to 2000 μm.
타이는 추가적으로 첨가제, 예를 들어 가교제, 커플링제 또는 자외선 (UV) 안정화제 또는 착색제를 함유할 수 있다.The tie may additionally contain additives, for example crosslinking agents, coupling agents or ultraviolet (UV) stabilizers or coloring agents.
본 발명은 또한 앞서 정의된 바와 같은 타이, 및 유리, 중합체, 금속 또는 규소 결정으로 제조된 지지체를 하나 이상 포함하고, 타이가 지지체와 직접 접촉되어 있는 다층 구조에 관한 것이다. The present invention also relates to a multi-layer structure comprising at least one of tie as defined above and a support made of glass, polymer, metal or silicon crystals, wherein the tie is in direct contact with the support.
다른 바람직한 구조체에서, 하나 이상의 지지체는 PMMA 로 제조된다.In another preferred structure, the at least one support is made of PMMA.
놀랍게도, 유리 및 PMMA 표면이 매우 상이한 표면 성질을 갖지만, 타이는 상기 지지체 둘 모두에 접착한다. 이러한 다용도성은 지지체의 표면 예비-처리를 수행할 필요성이 없는 본 발명의 장점 중 하나이다. Surprisingly, the glass and PMMA surface have very different surface properties, but ties adhere to both of the supports. This versatility is one of the advantages of the present invention without the need to perform surface pretreatment of the support.
본 발명은 또한 본 발명에 따른 타이 필름으로부터 수득되는 다층 구조체의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention also relates to a method for producing a multilayer structure obtained from a tie film according to the present invention.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 특히 태양광 전지의 캡슐화제로서 태양 전지판을 제조하기 위한 타이의 용도이다. 본 발명의 다른 목적은 상기 타이를 포함하는 태양광 모듈이다.Another object of the present invention is the use of ties for the production of solar panels, in particular as encapsulating agents for solar cells. Another object of the present invention is a solar module comprising the tie.
마지막으로, 본 발명은 또한 태양 전지판 또는 적층 유리를 제조하기 위한 본 발명의 구조체의 용도에 관한 것이다.Finally, the present invention also relates to the use of the structure of the present invention for producing solar panel or laminated glass.
발명의 상세한 설명DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
본 발명의 타이는 에틸렌/비닐 에스테르 공중합체 (A), 및 관능성 단량체 (X) 를 함유하는 폴리올레핀 (B) 의 배합물을 포함하고, B/(A+B) 중량비가 0.05 내지 1, 바람직하게는 1 미만, 더욱 바람직하게는 0.05 내지 0.5 이다.The tie of the present invention comprises a combination of an ethylene / vinyl ester copolymer (A) and a polyolefin (B) containing a functional monomer (X), wherein the weight ratio of B / (A + B) Is less than 1, more preferably 0.05 to 0.5.
폴리올레핀 (B) 에 관해서, 단량체로서 α-올레핀을 포함하는 중합체이다.Regarding the polyolefin (B), it is a polymer containing an? -Olefin as a monomer.
탄소 원자를 2 내지 30 개를 갖는 α-올레핀이 바람직하다.Alpha -olefins having 2 to 30 carbon atoms are preferred.
α-올레핀으로서, 에틸렌, 프로필렌, 1-부텐, 1-펜텐, 3-메틸-1-부텐, 1-헥센, 4-메틸-1-펜텐, 3-메틸-1-펜텐, 1-옥텐, 1-데센, 1-도데센, 1-테트라데센, 1-헥사데센, 1-옥타데센, 1-에이코센, 1-도코센, 1-테트라코센, 1-헥사코센, 1-옥타코센 및 1-트리아콘텐을 언급할 수 있다. 에틸렌이 α-올레핀으로서 바람직하다.Examples of the? -olefin include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-hexadecene, 1-octadecene, 1-eicosene, 1-doococene, 1-tetracosene, 1-hexacosene, 1-octacosene and 1- Triaconten may be mentioned. Ethylene is preferable as the? -Olefin.
상기 폴리올레핀은 단일 α-올레핀이 중합체 사슬에서 중합되는 경우 단일중합체일 수 있다. 예를 들어 폴리에틸렌 (PE) 또는 폴리프로필렌 (PP) 을 언급할 수 있다.The polyolefin may be a homopolymer when a single a-olefin is polymerized in the polymer chain. For example, polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP).
상기 폴리올레핀은 또한 둘 이상의 공단량체가 중합체 사슬에서 공중합될 경우의 공중합체일 수 있고, 상기 두 개의 공단량체 중 하나는 "제 1 공단량체" 가 α-올레핀인 것으로서 지칭된다. The polyolefin may also be a copolymer when two or more comonomers are copolymerized in the polymer chain, and one of the two comonomers is referred to as the "first comonomer" is an alpha -olefin.
제 2 공단량체로서, 하기를 언급할 수 있다:As the second comonomer, mention may be made of:
제 1 α-올레핀 공단량체와 상이한 이미 언급된 α-올레핀; The already mentioned alpha-olefins differing from the first alpha -olefin comonomers;
예를 들어, 1,4-헥사디엔 또는 에틸리덴 노르보넨과 같은 디엔; Dienes such as, for example, 1,4-hexadiene or ethylidene norbornene;
예를 들어, 용어 알킬 (메트)아크릴레이트에 분류된 알킬 아크릴레이트 또는 알킬 메타크릴레이트와 같은 불포화 카르복실산 에스테르. 상기 (메트)아크릴레이트의 알킬 사슬은 탄소 원자를 30 개 이하, 유리하게는 1 내지 12 개, 바람직하게는 1 내지 6 개를 가질 수 있다. 알킬 사슬로서, 메틸, 에틸, 프로필, n-부틸, sec-부틸, 이소부틸, tert-부틸, 펜틸, 헥실, 헵틸, 옥틸, 2-에틸헥실, 노닐, 데실, 운데실, 도데실, 트리데실, 테트라데실, 펜타데실, 헥사데실, 헵타데실, 옥타데실, 노나데실, 에이코실, 헨코실, 도코실, 트리코실, 테트라코실, 펜타코실, 헥사코실, 헵타코실, 옥타코실, 노나코실을 언급할 수 있다. 메틸, 에틸 및 부틸 (메트)아크릴레이트가 불포화 카르복실산 에스테르로서 바람직하다; 및 For example, the term unsaturated carboxylic acid esters, such as alkyl acrylates or alkyl methacrylates, classified as alkyl (meth) acrylates. The alkyl chain of the (meth) acrylate may have up to 30 carbon atoms, advantageously 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of the alkyl chain include methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, , Tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, hexosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, . Methyl, ethyl and butyl (meth) acrylates are preferred as unsaturated carboxylic acid esters; And
카르복실산 비닐 에스테르. 카르복실산 비닐 에스테르의 예로서, 비닐 아세테이트, 비닐 베르사테이트, 비닐 프로피오네이트, 비닐 부티레이트 또는 비닐 말레에이트를 언급할 수 있다. 비닐 아세테이트가 카르복실산 비닐 에스테르로서 바람직하다. Carboxylic acid vinyl ester. As examples of carboxylic acid vinyl esters, mention may be made of vinyl acetate, vinyl versatate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate or vinyl maleate. Vinyl acetate is preferred as the carboxylic acid vinyl ester.
다양한 "제 2 공단량체" 가 폴리올레핀 (B) 에서 공중합되는 경우, 본 발명의 범주를 벗어나지 않을 것이다.When various "second comonomers" are copolymerized in the polyolefin (B), they will not depart from the scope of the invention.
본 발명에서, 폴리올레핀 (B) 은 하나 이상의 관능성 단량체 (X) 를 함유한다.In the present invention, the polyolefin (B) contains at least one functional monomer (X).
폴리올레핀 (B) 에 함유되어 있는 관능성 단량체 (X) 로서, 하기를 언급할 수 있다:As the functional monomer (X) contained in the polyolefin (B), the following may be mentioned:
불포화 에폭시드. 이 중에서, 예를 들어, 지방족 글리시딜 에스테르 및 에테르, 예컨대 알릴 글리시딜 에테르, 비닐 글리시딜 에테르, 글리시딜 말레에이트 및 이타코네이트, 글리시딜 아크릴레이트 및 메타크릴레이트가 있다. 또한 예를 들어, 알리시클릭 글리시딜 에스테르 및 에테르, 예컨대 2-시클로헥스-1-엔 글리시딜 에테르, 디글리시딜 4,5-시클로헥센카르복실레이트, 글리시딜 4-시클로헥센카르복실레이트, 글리시딜 5-노르보넨-2-메틸-2-카르복실레이트 및 디글리시딜 endocis -바이시클로[2.2.1]헵트-5-엔-2,3-디카르복실레이트가 있다; Unsaturated epoxide. Among these, for example, there are aliphatic glycidyl esters and ethers such as allyl glycidyl ether, vinyl glycidyl ether, glycidyl maleate and itaconate, glycidyl acrylate and methacrylate. Also included are, for example, alicyclic glycidyl esters and ethers such as 2-cyclohex-1-enyl glycidyl ether, diglycidyl 4,5-cyclohexene carboxylate, glycidyl 4-cyclohexene Carboxylate, glycidyl 5- norbonen -2-methyl-2-carboxylate and diglycidyl endocis - bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylate have;
불포화 카르복실산 및 이의 염, 예를 들어 아크릴산 또는 메타크릴산 및 이들 산의 염; 및 Unsaturated carboxylic acids and salts thereof such as acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and salts of these acids; And
카르복실산 무수물. 이는 예를 들어, 말레, 이타콘, 시트라콘, 알릴숙신, 1,2-시클로헥스-4-엔디카르복실, 4-메틸렌-1,2-시클로헥스-4-엔디카르복실, 바이시클로[2.2.1]헵트-5-엔-2,3-디카르복실 및 x-메틸바이시클로[2.2.1]헵트-5-엔-2,2-디카르복실 무수물로부터 선택될 수 있다. Carboxylic acid anhydride. For example, maleic, itacon, citracon, allylsuccine, 1,2-cyclohex-4-endocarboxyl, 4-methylene-1,2-cyclohex- 1] hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxyl and x-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-ene-2,2-dicarboxylic anhydride.
글리시딜 메타크릴레이트를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. It is preferable to use glycidyl methacrylate.
관능성 단량체 (X) 로서 말레산 무수물을 사용하는 것이 또한 바람직하다.It is also preferable to use maleic anhydride as the functional monomer (X).
관능성 단량체 (X) 는 오토클레이브 또는 관형 반응기 공정에 의해 폴리올레핀 (B) 사슬에서 공중합되거나/되고 폴리올레핀 (B) 으로 그래프트화될 수 있다. 오토클레이브 또는 관형 반응기 공정에 의한 다양한 단량체 (α-올레핀, 공단량체(들)) 와 관능성 단량체 (X) 의 중합은 당업자에게 공지되어 있다. 유사하게는, 그래프트화는 그 자체로 공지되어 있는 작업이다. The functional monomer (X) may be copolymerized in the polyolefin (B) chain and / or grafted to the polyolefin (B) by an autoclave or tubular reactor process. The polymerization of various monomers (alpha -olefin, comonomer (s)) and functional monomer (X) by an autoclave or tubular reactor process is well known to those skilled in the art. Similarly, grafting is a task known per se.
관능성 단량체 (X) 를 함유하는 폴리올레핀 (B) 은 다양하고 상이한 관능성 단량체 (X) 가 공중합되거나/되고 그래프트화되는 경우, 본 발명에 따른다.The polyolefin (B) containing the functional monomer (X) is according to the present invention when various and different functional monomers (X) are copolymerized and / or grafted.
관능성 단량체 (X) 를 함유하는 폴리올레핀 (B) 은 폴리올레핀 (B) (이 중 하나 이상은 공중합되고/되거나 그래프트화된 관능성 단량체 (X) 를 함유함) 이 배합물로 구성되는 경우, 본 발명의 범주를 벗어나지 않는다. When the polyolefin (B) containing the functional monomer (X) is a combination of the polyolefin (B) (at least one of which contains a functionalized monomer (X) copolymerized and / or grafted) .
제 1 구현예에 따르면, 폴리올레핀 (B) 이 관능성 단량체 (X) 에 의해 그래프트화되는 경우, 관능성 단량체 (X) 를 함유하는 폴리올레핀 (B) 으로서, 단량체 (X) 에 의해 그래프트화되는 에틸렌/알킬 (메트)아크릴레이트 공중합체가 특히 바람직하다. 알킬 사슬은 바람직하게는 9 개 이하의 탄소 원자를 가질 수 있다. 이러한 공중합체는 유리하게는 50 중량% 이하, 바람직하게는 25 내지 45 중량% 의 (메트)아크릴레이트를 포함한다.According to the first embodiment, when the polyolefin (B) is grafted by the functional monomer (X), the polyolefin (B) containing the functional monomer (X) / Alkyl (meth) acrylate copolymers are particularly preferred. The alkyl chain may preferably have up to 9 carbon atoms. Such copolymers advantageously comprise 50% by weight or less, preferably 25 to 45% by weight of (meth) acrylate.
더 더욱 특히, 단량체 (X) 에 의해 그래프트화되는 에틸렌/카르복실산 비닐 에스테르 공중합체가 관능성 단량체 (X) 를 함유하는 폴리올레핀 (B) 으로서 바람직하다. 이러한 공중합체는 유리하게는 50 중량% 이하, 바람직하게는 25 내지 45 중량% 의 비닐 에스테르를 포함한다.More particularly, the ethylene / carboxylic acid vinyl ester copolymer grafted by the monomer (X) is preferable as the polyolefin (B) containing the functional monomer (X). Such copolymers advantageously comprise up to 50% by weight, preferably 25 to 45% by weight of vinyl esters.
제 2 구현예에 따르면, 관능성 단량체 (X) 가 폴리올레핀 (B) 에서 공중합되는 경우, 관능성 단량체 (X) 를 함유하는 폴리올레핀 (B) 으로서, 3 개의 공단량체의 공중합에 의해 수득되는 에틸렌/알킬 (메트)아크릴레이트/말레산 무수물 공중합체를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 알킬 사슬은 9 개 이하의 탄소 원자를 가질 수 있다. 이러한 공중합체는 유리하게는 50 중량% 이하, 바람직하게는 25 내지 45 중량% 의 알킬 (메트)아크릴레이트 및 유리하게는 0.05 내지 10 중량% 의 말레산 무수물을 포함한다.According to the second embodiment, when the functional monomer (X) is copolymerized in the polyolefin (B), as the polyolefin (B) containing the functional monomer (X), the ethylene / It is preferred to use alkyl (meth) acrylate / maleic anhydride copolymers. The alkyl chain may have up to 9 carbon atoms. Such copolymers advantageously comprise up to 50% by weight, preferably from 25 to 45% by weight of alkyl (meth) acrylate and advantageously from 0.05 to 10% by weight of maleic anhydride.
더욱 바람직하게는 여전히 관능성 단량체 (X) 를 함유하는 폴리올레핀 (B) 으로서, 상기 3 개의 공단량체의 공중합에 의해 수득되는 에틸렌/비닐 아세테이트/말레산 무수물 공중합체를 사용하는 것이 바람직하고, 상기 공중합체는 유리하게는 50 중량% 이하, 바람직하게는 25 내지 45 중량%의 (메트)아크릴레이트 및 유리하게는 0.05 내지 10 중량%, 바람직하게는 0.05 내지 2 중량% 의 말레산 무수물을 포함한다.More preferably, as the polyolefin (B) containing the functional monomer (X), it is preferable to use an ethylene / vinyl acetate / maleic anhydride copolymer obtained by copolymerization of the above three comonomers, The incorporation advantageously comprises up to 50% by weight, preferably from 25 to 45% by weight of (meth) acrylate and advantageously from 0.05 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 2% by weight, of maleic anhydride.
관능성 단량체 (X) 가 폴리올레핀 (B) 에서 공중합되는 다른 예시적인 구현예는 불포화 에폭시드 (X), 예를 들어 글리시딜 메타크릴레이트를 포함하는 공중합체이다. 상기 폴리올레핀은 바람직하게는 폴리올레핀 (B) 의 총 중량에 대해, 70 중량% 내지 99.9 중량% 의 α-올레핀 및 0.1 중량% 내지 30 중량% 의 불포화 에폭시드 (X) 를 포함한다. 상기 폴리올레핀 (B) 은 에틸렌/글리시딜 메타크릴레이트 공중합체일 수 있다.Another exemplary embodiment in which the functional monomer (X) is copolymerized in the polyolefin (B) is a copolymer comprising an unsaturated epoxide (X), for example glycidyl methacrylate. The polyolefin preferably comprises 70% by weight to 99.9% by weight of an -olefin and 0.1% by weight to 30% by weight of unsaturated epoxide (X), based on the total weight of the polyolefin (B). The polyolefin (B) may be an ethylene / glycidyl methacrylate copolymer.
폴리올레핀 (B) 은 또한 α-올레핀/알킬 (메트)아크릴레이트/글리시딜 메타크릴레이트 공중합체일 수 있다. 상기 폴리올레핀은 바람직하게는 폴리올레핀 (B) 의 총 중량에 대해, 45 중량% 내지 84.9 중량% 의 α-올레핀, 15 중량% 내지 35 중량% 의 알킬 (메트)아크릴레이트 및 0.1 중량% 내지 20 중량% 의 불포화 에폭시드 (X) 를 포함한다. α-올레핀은 바람직하게는 에틸렌이다.The polyolefin (B) may also be an alpha -olefin / alkyl (meth) acrylate / glycidyl methacrylate copolymer. The polyolefin preferably comprises from 45% by weight to 84.9% by weight of -olefin, from 15% by weight to 35% by weight of alkyl (meth) acrylate and from 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of polyolefin (B) Of unsaturated epoxides (X). The? -olefin is preferably ethylene.
에틸렌/카르복실산 비닐 에스테르 공중합체 (A) 에 관해서, (B) 가 공중합체일 경우, 제 2 공단량체로서 상기 기재된 바와 같이 동일한 카르복실산 비닐 에스테르를 언급할 수 있다. 에틸렌/비닐 아세테이트 공중합체가 바람직하다.With respect to the ethylene / carboxylic acid vinyl ester copolymer (A), when (B) is a copolymer, the same carboxylic acid vinyl ester may be mentioned as the second comonomer as described above. Ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers are preferred.
타이는 또한 폴리올레핀 (B) 및 임의로 공중합체 (A) 와 상이한 하나 이상의 추가적인 중합체, 특히 하나 이상의 추가적인 폴리올레핀을 포함할 수 있다. 추가적인 폴리올레핀의 예로서, 비제한적으로 폴리에틸렌, 에틸렌의 폴리프로필렌 또는 공중합체, 예컨대 에틸렌/알킬 (메트)아크릴레이트 공중합체를 언급할 수 있다.The tie may also comprise one or more additional polymers different from the polyolefin (B) and optionally the copolymer (A), especially one or more additional polyolefins. Examples of additional polyolefins include, but are not limited to, polyethylenes, polypropylenes or copolymers of ethylene, such as ethylene / alkyl (meth) acrylate copolymers.
공중합체 (A) 및/또는 폴리올레핀 (B) 은 바람직하게는 랜덤 중합체이다. 이들은 유리하게는 당업자에게 공지된 공정을 이용하여 단량체의 고압 중합에 의해 수득된다. 상기 중합은 예를 들어 관형 반응기 또는 오토클레이브에서 수행된다. 사용될 수 있는 공중합 공정은, 예를 들어, 특허 US4788265 및 특허 출원 US2006/0149004A1, US2007/0032614 A1, FR2660660, FR2498609, FR2569411 및 FR2569412 에 기재되어 있다. 본 발명의 타이에 포함되어 있는 폴리올레핀은 또한 당업자에게 공지된 촉매 방법, 에컨대 지글러-나타 촉매 작용 또는 메탈로센 촉매 작용에 의해 합성될 수 있다. 표현 "메탈로센 촉매 작용" 은 지르코늄 또는 티탄 원자 및 금속에 배위된 2 개의 시클릭 알킬 분자로 구성된 단일-부위 촉매를 의미한다. 더욱 구체적으로, 메탈로센 촉매는 보통 금속에 배위되어 있는 2 개의 시클로펜타디엔 고리로 구성되어 있다. 상기 촉매는 조촉매 또는 활성화제로서 알루미녹산, 바람직하게는 메틸알루미녹산 (MAO) 과 함께 종종 사용된다. 하프늄은 또한 시클로펜타디엔이 부착되는 금속으로서 사용될 수 있다. 다른 메탈로센은 IVA, VA, 및 VIA 족의 전이 금속을 포함할 수 있다. 란탄족 금속이 또한 사용될 수 있다. 표현 "단일-부위 메탈로센 촉매 작용에 의해 수득되는 폴리올레핀" 은 다분산지수가 3 미만인 폴리올레핀을 의미하고, 상기 다분산지수는 중량-평균 분자량 Mw 대 수-평균 분자량 Mn 의 비 (Mw/Mn 비) 로 정의된다.The copolymer (A) and / or the polyolefin (B) are preferably random polymers. These are advantageously obtained by high pressure polymerization of the monomers using processes known to those skilled in the art. The polymerization is carried out, for example, in a tubular reactor or an autoclave. Copolymerization processes that can be used are described, for example, in patent US4788265 and patent applications US2006 / 0149004A1, US2007 / 0032614A1, FR2660660, FR2498609, FR2569411 and FR2569412. The polyolefins included in the tie of the present invention may also be synthesized by catalytic methods known to those skilled in the art, such as Ziegler-Natta catalysis or metallocene catalysis. The expression "metallocene catalysis" means a single-site catalyst consisting of zirconium or two cyclic alkyl molecules coordinated to titanium atoms and metals. More specifically, the metallocene catalyst usually consists of two cyclopentadiene rings coordinated to the metal. The catalyst is often used with aluminoxane, preferably methyl aluminoxane (MAO) as cocatalyst or activator. Hafnium can also be used as the metal to which the cyclopentadiene is attached. Other metallocenes may include transition metals of the IVA, VA, and VIA families. Lanthanide metals may also be used. Expression ratio (M a number average molecular weight M n - "single-polyolefin obtained by metallocene catalysis as site metal" is the dispersion index is the polydispersity index means a polyolefin, and less than 3 parts by weight - number-average molecular weight M w w / M n ratio).
본 발명에 따른 타이는 중합체로서 폴리올레핀을 필수적으로 포함하고, 예를 들어 타이의 중합체의 총 중량에 대해 90 % 초과 또는 95 % 초과의 폴리올레핀을 포함할 수 있거나, 타이의 중합체로서 폴리올레핀으로 구성될 수 있다. The tie according to the invention essentially comprises a polyolefin as the polymer and may for example comprise more than 90% or more than 95% of the polyolefin with respect to the total weight of the tie polymer, or may comprise a polyolefin as the tie polymer have.
타이는 또한 특히 태양광 전지판에 통상적으로 사용되는 첨가제를 포함할 수 있다. 예로서, 가교제, 커플링제, UV 안정화제, 충전제 및 가소제를 언급할 수 있고, 내연제가 또한 첨가될 수 있거나, 착색 또는 브라이트닝 화합물이 첨가될 수 있다. The tie may also include additives, which are typically used in solar cell panels. As examples, mention may be made of cross-linking agents, coupling agents, UV stabilizers, fillers and plasticizers, and the flame retardant may also be added, or a coloring or brightening compound may be added.
가교제 중에서, 이소시아네이트 또는 유기 과산화물을 언급할 수 있다. 상기 가교제는 타이의 열 안정성, 특히 내크리프성 및 지지체와의 접착성을 향상시킬 수 있다. 이러한 성질은 특히, 타이가 적층 유리 또는 태양 전지판의 형성에 참여할 때 중요하다. Among the crosslinking agents, isocyanates or organic peroxides may be mentioned. The crosslinking agent can improve the thermal stability of the tie, particularly creep resistance and adhesion to the support. This property is particularly important when tie is involved in the formation of laminated glass or solar panels.
조성물이 커플링제를 포함하지 않더라도, 유기 티타네이트 또는 실란이 접착성을 향상시키기 위해 첨가될 수 있는 커플링제의 예이고, 실란이 특히 높아야 한다. 이들 중에서, 모노알킬 티타네이트 또는 트리클로로실란 및 트리알콕시실란을 언급할 수 있다.Although the composition does not include a coupling agent, an organic titanate or silane is an example of a coupling agent that can be added to improve adhesion, and the silane should be particularly high. Of these, monoalkyl titanates or trichlorosilanes and trialkoxysilanes can be mentioned.
UV 복사가 필름의 황갈변을 일으키기 때문에, 필름의 투명성을 존속 기간 동안 보장하기 위해서 UV 안정화제가 첨가될 수 있다. 상기 화합물은 예를 들어, 벤조페논 또는 벤조트리아졸에 기초할 수 있다. UV stabilizers can be added to ensure transparency of the film over the lifetime, since UV radiation causes the yellow browning of the film. The compound may be based on, for example, benzophenone or benzotriazole.
충전제, 특히 광물질 충전제는 조성물의 열기계적 강도를 향상시키기 위해 첨가될 수 있다. 비제한적으로, 실리카, 알루미나, 탈크 또는 칼슘 카르보네이트 또는 탄소 나노튜브가 예로서 제시될 것이다. 유리하게는, 나노단위로 혼합되는 개질되거나 비개질된 점토가 사용된다; 이는 더욱 투명한 조성물을 수득할 수 있게 한다.Fillers, especially mineral fillers, can be added to improve the thermomechanical strength of the composition. Silica, alumina, talc or calcium carbonate or carbon nanotubes will be given as examples, without limitation. Advantageously, modified or unmodified clay mixed with nano units is used; This makes it possible to obtain a more transparent composition.
가소제는 조성물 및 구조체의 제조 공정의 생산성을 향상시키고, 공정을 용이하게 하기 위해서 첨가될 수 있다. 예로서 파라핀, 방향족, 또는 나프탈렌 광물질 오일을 언급할 수 있다. 또한 가소제로서 프탈레이트, 아젤레이트, 아디페이트 및 트리크레실 포스페이트를 언급할 수 있다.Plasticizers can be added to improve the productivity of the composition and the manufacturing process of the structure, and to facilitate the process. As an example, mention may be made of paraffin, aromatic, or naphthalene mineral oil. Further, phthalates, azelates, adipates and tricresyl phosphates may be mentioned as plasticizers.
내연제가 또한 첨가될 수 있다.The flame retardant may also be added.
착색 또는 브라이트닝 화합물이 또한 첨가될 수 있다. Coloring or brightening compounds may also be added.
결합제의 MFI (ASTM D 1238 - 190℃/2.16 ㎏) 는 0.1 내지 1000 g/10 분일 수 있다. 유리하게는, 상기 타이는 MFI 가 1 내지 400 g/10 분이다: 본 발명의 타이의 필름을 압출-적층, 압출-취입 성형 등의 통상적인 기술에 의해 여전히 수득할 수 있으면서 접착성은 더욱 향상된다. 상기 필름 형태에서, 다층 구조체의 제조는 프레싱 전에 층의 간단한 조립체로 인정된다. The MFI of the binder (ASTM D 1238-190 DEG C / 2.16 kg) may be from 0.1 to 1000 g / 10 min. Advantageously, the tie has an MFI of 1 to 400 g / 10 min: the tie film of the present invention can still be obtained by conventional techniques such as extrusion-lamination, extrusion-blow molding, . In this film form, the preparation of the multilayered structure is recognized as a simple assembly of layers before pressing.
본 발명의 타이는 매우 다용도성이고, 매우 상이한 화학적 성질 또는 표면 에너지를 갖는 지지체와의 접착성을 수득할 수 있게 한다. 지지체 중에서, 하기를 언급할 수 있다:The tie of the present invention is very versatile and makes it possible to obtain adhesion with a support having very different chemical properties or surface energy. Among the supports, mention may be made of the following:
유리; Glass;
금속; metal;
PMMA, EVA, PE 또는 PP 와 같은 중합체; Polymers such as PMMA, EVA, PE or PP;
단일-결정질 또는 다결정질의 규소 결정; 및 Single-crystalline or polycrystalline silicon crystals; And
태양 전지판의 후면 시트. 후면 시트의 예로서, 표면이 처리된 플루오로중합체/PET/플루오로중합체 다층 또는 플루오로중합체/PET/EVA 다층을 언급할 수 있다. 타이 및 후면 시트 간의 접촉 면적은 각각 표면이 처리된 플루오로중합체 또는 EVA 이다. Rear sheet of solar panel. As an example of a backsheet, mention may be made of a fluoropolymer / PET / fluoropolymer multilayer or a fluoropolymer / PET / EVA multilayer whose surface has been treated. The contact area between the tie and the backsheet is the fluoropolymer or EVA surface treated, respectively.
후면 시트의 표면을 처리하기 위해서, 프라이머 층과 같은 물질을 사용하여 타이와의 접착성을 향상시키는 것이 가능하다. 프라이머 중에서, 열가소성 폴리우레탄, 폴리에스테르, 오르가노실란 또는 실리콘을 언급할 수 있다. 본 발명의 타이는 또한 상기 프라이머와의 매우 양호한 접착성을 갖는다. 후면 시트는 또한 예를 들어, 코로나 처리와 같은 플라즈마 처리에 의해 처리될 수 있다.In order to treat the surface of the back sheet, it is possible to improve adhesion with the tie using a material such as a primer layer. Among the primers, mention may be made of thermoplastic polyurethane, polyester, organosilane or silicone. The tie of the present invention also has very good adhesion with the primer. The backsheet may also be treated by, for example, a plasma treatment such as corona treatment.
전면 시트의 예로서, 예를 들어 PMMA, 폴리아미드 또는 플루오로중합체와 같은 투명한 중합체의 필름, 시트 또는 유리 시트를 언급할 수 있다.As an example of the front sheet, a film, sheet or glass sheet of a transparent polymer such as PMMA, polyamide or fluoropolymer may be mentioned.
본 발명에 따른 태양광 모듈을 제조하기 위해 임의의 유형의 태양광 전지를 사용하는 것이 가능하다. 예를 들어, 단결정 또는 다결정 도핑된 규소 기재 "통상적인 전지" 로서 공지된 전지를 사용하는 것이 가능하다; 예를 들어, 비결정질 규소, 카드뮴 텔루라이드, 구리 인듐 디셀레나이드 또는 유기 물질로부터 형성된 얇은-필름 전지가 또한 태양 에너지를 포획하는데 사용될 수 있다.It is possible to use any type of photovoltaic cell for manufacturing a solar module according to the present invention. For example, it is possible to use a cell known as a "conventional cell" based on a single crystal or polycrystalline doped silicon; For example, thin-film cells formed from amorphous silicon, cadmium telluride, copper indium diselenide or organic materials can also be used to capture solar energy.
본 발명에 따른 타이를 포함하는 태양광 모듈은 공지된 기술로 제조될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 필름 형성에 조성물을 사용하는 것이 가능하다. 상기 필름는 태양광 전지의 캡슐화제로서 사용될 수 있다. 모듈을 제조하기 위해서, 제 1 전면 시트층 상에, 제 1 캡슐화제층, 태양광 전지, 제 2 캡슐화제층 이어서 후면 시트층을 연속적으로 조립할 수 있다.The solar module including the tie according to the present invention can be manufactured by a known technique. For example, it is possible to use the composition for film formation. The film can be used as an encapsulating agent for a photovoltaic cell. To fabricate the module, a backsheet layer may be successively assembled on the first frontsheet layer, followed by a first encapsulant layer, a photovoltaic cell, and a second encapsulant layer.
태양광 모듈은 예를 들어, 고온 프레싱 또는 진공 프레싱, 적층 및 특히 열적층에 의해 형성될 수 있다. 진공 프레싱이 특히 바람직하다. 상기 타이가 저온 (160℃ 미만, 심지어 150℃ 미만) 에서 적용될 수 있기 때문에 열적층에 특히 적합하다.Photovoltaic modules can be formed, for example, by hot pressing or vacuum pressing, lamination and especially by thermal lamination. Vacuum pressing is particularly preferred. Particularly suitable for thermal layers because the tie can be applied at low temperatures (less than 160 占 폚, even less than 150 占 폚).
상기 모듈을 제조하는 공정은 다양한 층을 조립한 후 캡슐화제층을 가교결합 하는 단계를 포함한다. The process of making the module comprises crosslinking the encapsulating agent layer after assembling the various layers.
바람직하게는, 본 발명의 타이는 ISO 8510-1 표준에 따른 90°박리 시험에서 10 N/15 mm 이상의 유리에 대한 접착성을 갖는다.Preferably, the tie of the present invention has an adhesion to glass of at least 10 N / 15 mm in a 90 DEG peel test according to the ISO 8510-1 standard.
바람직하게는, 본 발명의 타이는 ISO 8510-1 표준에 따른 90°박리 시험에서 10 N/15 mm 이상의 PMMA 에 대한 접착성을 갖는다.Preferably, the tie of the present invention has adhesion to PMMA of at least 10 N / 15 mm in a 90 deg. Peel test according to the ISO 8510-1 standard.
다층의 층은 예를 들어, 고온 프레싱 또는 진공 프레싱, 적층 및 특히 열적층에 의해 형성될 수 있다. 진공 프레싱이 특히 바람직하다. 상기 타이가 저온 (160℃ 미만, 심지어 150℃ 미만) 에서 적용될 수 있기 때문에 열적층에 특히 적합하다.The layers of the multilayer may be formed, for example, by hot pressing or vacuum pressing, lamination and especially by thermal lamination. Vacuum pressing is particularly preferred. Particularly suitable for thermal layers because the tie can be applied at low temperatures (less than 160 占 폚, even less than 150 占 폚).
실시예Example
본 발명의 실시예 및 비교예를 제형화하기 위해서, 하기 제품을 사용하였다;In order to formulate the examples and comparative examples of the present invention, the following products were used;
EVATANE28-150: Arkema 사제의 에틸렌/비닐 아세테이트 공중합체이고, 이의 비닐 아세테이트 함량이 28 중량% 의 비닐 아세테이트이고, MFI (ASTM D 1238 - 190℃/2.16 ㎏) 가 150 g/10 분임.EVATED 28-150: an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer of Arkema, the vinyl acetate content of which is 28% by weight of vinyl acetate and the MFI (ASTM D 1238-190 DEG C / 2.16 kg) is 150 g / 10 min.
EVATANE33-45: Arkema 사제의 에틸렌/비닐 아세테이트 공중합체이고, 이의 비닐 아세테이트 함량이 33 중량% 의 비닐 아세테이트이고, MFI (ASTM D 1238 - 190℃/2.16 ㎏) 이 45 g/10 분임.EVATED 33-45: an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer of Arkema, the vinyl acetate content of which is 33% by weight of vinyl acetate and the MFI (ASTM D 1238-190 DEG C / 2.16 kg) is 45 g / 10 min.
OREVACTERPOLYMER 9305: Arkema 사제의 에틸렌/비닐 아세테이트/말레산 무수물 공중합체이고, 이의 비닐 아세테이트 함량이 28 중량% 이며, 말레산 무수물 함량은 0.8 중량% 이고, MFI (ASTM D 1238 - 190℃/2.16 ㎏) 는 180 g/10 분임.OREVAC TERPOLYMER 9305: an ethylene / vinyl acetate / maleic anhydride copolymer made by Arkema, having a vinyl acetate content of 28% by weight, a maleic anhydride content of 0.8% by weight and an MFI (ASTM D 1238-190 ° C / 2.16 kg) Is 180 g / 10 min.
LOTADER7500: Arkema 사제의 에틸렌/에틸 아크릴레이트/말레산 무수물 공중합체이고, 에틸 아크릴레이트 함량은 17 중량% 이며, 말레산 무수물 함량이 2.8% 이고, MFI (ASTM D 1238 - 190℃/2.16 ㎏) 가 70 g/10 분임.LOTADER 7500: an ethylene / ethyl acrylate / maleic anhydride copolymer manufactured by Arkema, having an ethyl acrylate content of 17% by weight, a maleic anhydride content of 2.8% and an MFI (ASTM D 1238-190 DEG C / 2.16 kg) 70 g / 10 min.
LOTADER4700: Arkema 사제의 에틸렌/에틸 아크릴레이트/말레산 무수물 공중합체이고, 이의 에틸 아크릴레이트 함량은 29 중량% 이며, 말레산 무수물 함량은 1.3% 이고, MFI (ASTM D 1238 - 190℃/2.16 ㎏) 은 7 g/10 분임.LOTADER 4700: Ethylene / ethyl acrylate / maleic anhydride copolymer of Arkema, the ethyl acrylate content being 29% by weight, the maleic anhydride content being 1.3%, MFI (ASTM D 1238-190 DEG C / 2.16 Kg) Is 7 g / 10 min.
LOTADERAX 8950: Arkema 사제의 에틸렌/메틸 아크릴레이트/글리시딜 메타크릴레이트 공중합체이고, 이의 메틸 아크릴레이트 함량이 19 중량% 이며, 글리시딜 메타크릴레이트 함량은 9% 이고, MFI (ASTM D 1238 - 190℃/2.16 ㎏) 는 85 g/10 분임.LOTADER AX 8950: an ethylene / methyl acrylate / glycidyl methacrylate copolymer manufactured by Arkema, having a methyl acrylate content of 19% by weight, a glycidyl methacrylate content of 9%, an MFI (ASTM D 1238 - 190 占 폚 / 2.16 kg) was 85 g / 10 min.
LUPEROXTBEC: OO-tert-부틸 및 O-(2-에틸헥실) 퍼옥시카르보네이트를 포함하는 유기 과산화물 조성물.LUPEROX TBEC: an organic peroxide composition comprising OO-tert-butyl and O- (2-ethylhexyl) peroxycarbonate.
커플링제: 실란Coupling agent: silane
LACQTENE1020 FN 24: Total Petrochemicals 사제의 저밀도 PE 이고, MFI (ASTM D 1238 - 190℃/2.16 ㎏) 가 2.1 g/10 분임.LACQTENE 1020 FN 24: Low Density PE of Total Petrochemicals, MFI (ASTM D 1238 - 190 캜 / 2.16 ㎏) of 2.1 g / 10 min.
ALTUGLASV825HID: Altuglas 사제의 두께가 3.2 mm 인 PMMA 시트이고, 이의 비카트 연화점은 111℃ (ASTM D 1525, mode A, 1 ㎏) 이며, 굴곡 탄성율은 주위 온도에서 3200 MPa 임 (ASTM D 790).ALTUGLAS V825HID: a 3.2 mm thick PMMA sheet manufactured by Altuglas, having a Vicat softening point of 111 占 폚 (ASTM D 1525, mode A, 1 kg) and a flexural modulus of 3200 MPa at ambient temperature (ASTM D 790).
유리: 3 mm 시트Glass: 3 mm sheet
후면 시트 필름: PVDF/PET/PVDF.Rear Sheet Film: PVDF / PET / PVDF.
가교제가The crosslinking agent 없는 Do not have 제형물Formulation
저밀도 Low density PEPE /타이/유리 또는 / Thai / glass or PMMAPMMA 구조체 Structure
본 발명에 따른 타이 및 비교 타이와 유리 또는 PMMA 층 사이의 접착 정도를 측정하였다.The degree of adhesion between the tie and comparative tie according to the invention and the glass or PMMA layer was measured.
본 발명의 타이 (실시예 1, 실시예 2, 실시예 3, 실시예 4) 및 비교 타이 (비교예 1, 비교예 2) 를 각 화합물의 중량비와 함께 표 1 에 나열하였다.The tie of the present invention (Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Example 4) and Comparative Tie (Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2) are listed in Table 1 together with the weight ratio of each compound.
실시예 3 및 실시예 4 의 화합물을 백 (bag) 에서 미리 혼합한 후 압출하였다.The compounds of Example 3 and Example 4 were premixed in bags and then extruded.
접착성을 측정하기 위해서, 다층 PE/타이 필름을 캐스트 필름 기술로 공압출하였다. LDPE 를 콜린 일축 압출기 (스크류 직경 = 45 mm, 길이/직경 비 = 25) 로 50 rpm 으로 압출하였고, 6 군데의 가열 구역의 온도는 200℃/230℃/240℃/250℃/250℃/250℃ 였다. 타이를 콜린 일축 압출기 (스크류 직경 = 30 mm, 길이/직경 비 = 25) 로 20 rpm 으로 공압출하였고, 온도는 공압출되고자 하는 타이의 고유 유동성에 따라 달랐다. 따라서, 6 군데의 가열 구역의 온도는 비교예 1, 비교예 2 및 실시예 5 에 대해 80℃/100℃/100℃/110℃/110℃/110℃ 로 조절하는 반면, 실시예 1 내지 실시예 4 에 대해서는 60℃/70℃/80℃/80℃/80℃/80℃ 로 조절하였다. 두 대의 압출기는, 넓이가 250 mm 이고, 최종 갭이 500 ㎛ 인 시트 다이가 장착된 피드블록을 공급하였다. 이 장치에서 온도는 230℃ 로 설정하였다. 따라서 제조된 2-층 필름을 공기 중에 다이 배출구로부터 20℃ 로 설정된 냉각 롤 (chill roll) 까지 4.9 m/분의 속도로 인출하고, 다층 필름을 형성하도록 하였고, 및 PE 및 타이 층은 두께가 각각 200 ㎛ 및 20 ㎛ 였다.To measure the adhesion, the multilayer PE / tie film was co-extruded with cast film technology. LDPE was extruded at 50 rpm with a choline single screw extruder (screw diameter = 45 mm, length / diameter ratio = 25), and the temperature of the six heating zones was 200 ° C / 230 ° C / 240 ° C / 250 ° C / / RTI > The tie was co-extruded at 20 rpm with a single-screw chiller extruder (screw diameter = 30 mm, length / diameter ratio = 25) and the temperature varied according to the intrinsic fluidity of the tie to be coextruded. Thus, the temperatures of the six heating zones were controlled at 80 ° C./100 ° C./100 ° C./110 ° C./110 ° C./110 ° C. for Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Example 5, 70 ° C / 80 ° C / 80 ° C / 80 ° C / 80 ° C for Example 4. The two extruders supplied a feed block equipped with a sheet die having a width of 250 mm and a final gap of 500 [mu] m. In this apparatus, the temperature was set at 230 ° C. Thus, the prepared two-layer film was drawn out from the die outlet in the air at a rate of 4.9 m / min to a chill roll set at 20 캜 to form a multilayered film, and the PE and tie layers had a thickness of 200 탆 and 20 탆.
수득된 PE/타이 필름을 PMMA 또는 유리 지지체에 대해 110℃ 에서 3 bar 의 압력 하에 15 분 동안, 타이 앞면이 지지체와 접촉하도록 프레스하였다. 수득한 시험 조각을 실온으로 냉각하고, 이의 박리 강도를 제조 즉시 측정하였다. 이는 ISO 8510-1 표준에 따른 90°박리 시험으로 평가하였다.The obtained PE / tie film was pressed against the PMMA or glass support at 110 DEG C under a pressure of 3 bar for 15 minutes so that the front surface of the tie contacted the support. The obtained test pieces were cooled to room temperature, and the peel strength thereof was measured immediately after production. This was evaluated by a 90 degree peel test according to the ISO 8510-1 standard.
상기 시험으로부터 측정된 실시예 및 비교예의 박리 강도를 하기 표 2 에 나열하였다.The peel strengths of the Examples and Comparative Examples measured from the above test are listed in Table 2 below.
(헤이즈의 정도를 통해) 수득된 필름의 투명성 및 저항성을 또한 측정하였다. 비교예 2, 실시예 1 및 실시예 5 의 제형물을 80℃/100℃/100℃/110℃/110℃/110℃ 로 설정된 6 군데의 가열 구역을 갖는 타이를 압출하기 위해 사용된 동일한 콜린 압출기로 압출하였다. 두께가 100 ㎛ 인 필름을 120℃ 에서 수득한 제형물을 프레스함으로써 제조하였다. 결과를 또한 하기 표 2 에 나열하였다.The transparency and resistance of the obtained film (through the degree of haze) was also measured. The same choline as used for extruding the tie having the six heating zones set at 80 DEG C / 100 DEG C / 100 DEG C / 110 DEG C / 110 DEG C / 110 DEG C of Comparative Example 2, Example 1 and Example 5 And extruded by an extruder. A film having a thickness of 100 占 퐉 was prepared by pressing a formulation obtained at 120 占 폚. The results are also listed in Table 2 below.
결과 분석을 위해 CM-3610d 스펙트로분광비색계 및 SpectraMagic NX 소프트웨어를 사용하여 다양한 필름의 헤이즈 측정을 수행하였다. 실험된 모든 필름의 경우, 헤이즈 측정법은 전송 모드에서, ASTM D1003-97 표준에 따라 수행하였다.Haze measurements of various films were performed using the CM-3610d spectro spectrocolorimeter and SpectraMagic NX software for results analysis. For all films tested, the haze measurement was performed in transmission mode according to ASTM D1003-97 standard.
전기 부피 저항율을 23℃ 에서 Novocontrol Concept 40 유전체 분광계를 사용하여 측정하였다. 주파수와는 관계없이, 시편의 저주파 (0.01 Hz) 저항율을 기록하였다. Electric volumetric resistivity was measured using a Novocontrol Concept 40 dielectric spectrometer at 23 ° C. Regardless of the frequency, the low frequency (0.01 Hz) resistivity of the specimen was recorded.
(ohm.cm)Electrical resistance
(ohm.cm)
시험 동안, PE 및 타이 사이의 접착성의 파열이 관찰되지 않았다: 따라서, 박리 강도는 지지체 및 타이 사이에서 측정될 뿐이다.During the test no rupture of adhesion between the PE and the tie was observed: therefore, the peel strength was only measured between the support and the tie.
EVA 타이 (비교예 1 및 비교예 2) 는 유리 및 PMMA 지지체에 대해 매우 낮은 박리 강도를 나타낸다. 본 발명의 타이는 통상적인 EVA-기재 타이의 박리 강도보다 훨씬 높은 박리 강도를 갖는다.EVA tie (Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2) exhibited very low peel strength for glass and PMMA supports. The tie of the present invention has a much higher peel strength than the peel strength of a typical EVA-based tie.
실시예 1 의 제형물은 유리 또는 PMMA 와 같은 지지체와 α-올레핀/카르복실산 비닐 에스테르/말레산 무수물 삼중합체와의 우수한 접착성을 보여준다.The formulation of Example 1 shows excellent adhesion of the alpha-olefin / carboxylic acid vinyl ester / maleic anhydride terpolymer to a support such as glass or PMMA.
놀랍게도, 실시예 4 및 실시예 5 의 제형물은, EVA 의 중량비가 0.7 이어도 관능성 단량체인 실시예 1 을 포함하는 폴리올레핀에 대해 관찰되는 박리 강도와 근접한 박리 강도를 갖는다. 게다가, 타이의 유동성과 관계없이, 실시예 4 및 실시예 5 로부터의 PMMA 와의 접착성은 관능성 단량체 (실시예 1) 를 포함하는 폴리올레핀 단독으로 구성되는 타이와 매우 유사하다.Surprisingly, the formulations of Example 4 and Example 5 have a peel strength close to the peel strength observed for the polyolefin comprising Example 1, which is a functional monomer, even when the weight ratio of EVA is 0.7. Moreover, regardless of the fluidity of the tie, the adhesion to PMMA from Example 4 and Example 5 is very similar to that of a polyolefin alone comprising a functional monomer (Example 1).
게다가, 헤이즈는 폴리올레핀 (B) 을 포함하는 제형물 (실시예 1 및 실시예 5) 이 통상적인 EVA-기재 제형물 (비교예 2) 보다 더욱 투명한 것을 보여준다. 놀랍게도, 폴리올레핀 (B) 과 EVA (실시예 5) 의 배합물은 폴리올레핀 (B) 단독 (실시예 1) 보다 더욱 투명하다.In addition, Hayes shows that formulations comprising polyolefin (B) (Examples 1 and 5) are more transparent than conventional EVA-based formulations (Comparative Example 2). Surprisingly, the combination of polyolefin (B) and EVA (Example 5) is more transparent than polyolefin (B) alone (Example 1).
본 발명에 따른 제형물 (실시예 1 및 실시예 5) 의 저항성은 EVA-기재 비교 제형물 (비교예 2) 의 저항성보다 높다.The resistance of the formulations according to the invention (Example 1 and Example 5) is higher than that of the EVA-based comparative formulation (Comparative Example 2).
상기 모든 결과는 태양광 모듈에서, 특히 캡슐화제로서 본 발명에 따른 타이를 사용하는 장점을 명확하게 보여준다.All of the above results clearly demonstrate the advantage of using a tie according to the present invention in a solar module, in particular as an encapsulating agent.
후면 시트/타이/유리 또는 Rear sheet / tie / glass or PMMAPMMA 구조체 Structure
표 3 에 표시된 비율로 구성요소를 포함하는 타이를 사용하여 다른 구조체를 제조하였다.Other structures were prepared using ties comprising the components in the ratios shown in Table 3.
표 3 의 제형물의 다양한 구성요소의 과립을 100℃ 의 온도에서 "Z 날" 이 장착된 WERNER & PFLEIDERER 브랜드 밀폐식 혼합기에 투입하고, 제형물을 40 rpm 으로 10 분 동안 혼합하였다.The granules of the various components of the formulation of Table 3 were placed in a WERNER & PFLEIDERER brand closed mixer equipped with a "Z blade " at a temperature of 100 DEG C and the formulation was mixed for 10 minutes at 40 rpm.
각 제형물을, 70℃ 에서 100 bar 하에 5 분 동안 프레스에서 테플론의 2 개의 층 사이에 위치시켰다. 300 ㎛ 의 두꺼운 필름을 수득하였다.Each of the formulations was placed between two layers of Teflon in a press for 5 minutes at 70 ° C and 100 bar. A thick film of 300 mu m was obtained.
상기 필름을 후면 시트 및 유리 시트 사이에 위치시키고, 상기 구조체를 3 bar 및 150℃ 에서 20 분 동안 프레스하였다.The film was placed between the back sheet and the glass sheet and the structure was pressed at 3 bar and 150 < 0 > C for 20 minutes.
상기 제형물은 비교예 3 의 제형물에 비해, 유리 지지체 및 후면 시트와 본 발명에 따른 제형물 (실시예 6 내지 실시예 9) 과의 양호한 접착성을 보여준다.The formulations show good adhesion of the glass support and backsheet to the formulations according to the invention (Examples 6 to 9) as compared to the formulations of Comparative Example 3.
가교제를Cross-linking agent 사용한 Used 제형물Formulation
통상적인 EVA-기재 캡슐화제 제형물에서 접착성을 증가시키기 위해서, 커플링제를 상기 제형물에 첨가하였다. 상기 제형물에서 효과를 갖는 커플링제에 있어서, 조성물을 가교결합시키는 것이 필수적이다. 그리하여 본 발명에 따른 가교제를 포함하는 타이 제형물 및 비교 타이 제형물을 제조하였다.To increase adhesion in conventional EVA-based encapsulating agent formulations, a coupling agent was added to the formulation. In the coupling agent having an effect in the above formulation, it is essential to cross-link the composition. Thus, a tie formulation and a comparative tie formulation comprising the crosslinking agent according to the invention were prepared.
표 4 의 제형물의 다양한 구성요소를 100℃ 의 온도에서 "Z 날" 이 장착된 WERNER & PFLEIDERER 브랜드 밀폐식 혼합기에 투입하고, 제형물을 40 rpm 으로 10 분 동안 혼합하였다.The various components of the formulations of Table 4 were placed in a WERNER & PFLEIDERER brand closed mixer equipped with a "Z blade " at a temperature of 100 DEG C and the formulation was mixed for 10 minutes at 40 rpm.
각 제형물을, 70℃ 에서 100 bar 하에 5 분 동안 테플론의 2 개의 층 사이에 위치시켰다. 300 ㎛ 의 두꺼운 필름을 수득하였다.Each of the formulations was placed between two layers of Teflon for 5 minutes at 70 DEG C and 100 bar. A thick film of 300 mu m was obtained.
박리 강도 및 또한 내크리프성을 160℃ 에서 측정하였다. 상기 내크리프성을, 3 bar 및 150℃ 에서 20 분 동안 프레스에서 가교결합된 필름으로부터 절단된 IFC (French Institute of Rubber)-유형 시험 표본에 대해 측정하였다. 시험은 160℃ 에서 오븐에 시료를 놓고 0.5 MPa 의 응력을 15 분 동안 적용시키고, 주위 온도로 되돌린 후 잔류 신장을 측정함으로써 이루어진다. Peel strength and creep resistance were measured at 160 캜. The creep resistance was measured on IFC (French Institute of Rubber) -type test specimens cut from crosslinked films at pressures of 3 bar and 150 < 0 > C for 20 minutes. The test is carried out by placing the sample in an oven at 160 ° C and applying a stress of 0.5 MPa for 15 minutes, returning to ambient temperature and measuring the residual elongation.
제형물의 내크리프성은 우수하다.The creep resistance of the formulation is excellent.
태양광 모듈 유형의 구조에서 접착성을 측정하기 위해서, 필름을 후면 시트 및 유리 시트 사이에 위치시키고, 상기 구조체를 3 bar 및 150℃ 에서 20 분 동안 프레스하였다. 상기 프레싱 마지막에 타이가 가교결합된 구조체를 수득하였다. In order to measure the adhesion in the structure of the photovoltaic module type, the film was placed between the back sheet and the glass sheet, and the structure was pressed at 3 bar and 150 deg. C for 20 minutes. At the end of the pressing, a tie cross-linked structure was obtained.
본 발명에 따른 실시예는 본 발명에 따른 제형물의 접착 수준이 우수하다는 것을 보여준다.
The examples according to the invention show that the formulations according to the invention have a good adhesion level.
Claims (15)
The structure according to claim 1, wherein the tie has an MFI of 1 to 400 g / 10 min (190 DEG C, 2.16 kg).
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FR08.50908 | 2008-02-13 | ||
FR0850908A FR2927332B1 (en) | 2008-02-13 | 2008-02-13 | BINDER BASED ON VINYL ETHYLENE ESTER COPOLYMER OF CARBOXYLIC ACID AND POLYOLEFIN CONTAINING FUNCTIONAL MONOMER |
US3345208P | 2008-03-04 | 2008-03-04 | |
US61/033,452 | 2008-03-04 |
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ES2378029T3 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
EP2242647B2 (en) | 2015-07-15 |
EP2242647B1 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
FR2927332B1 (en) | 2010-04-30 |
PL2242647T3 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
US8592047B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 |
DK2242647T3 (en) | 2012-03-05 |
WO2009101369A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
JP2011511875A (en) | 2011-04-14 |
KR20100116659A (en) | 2010-11-01 |
ES2378029T5 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
FR2927332A1 (en) | 2009-08-14 |
CN102006999A (en) | 2011-04-06 |
PL2242647T5 (en) | 2015-12-31 |
ATE535374T1 (en) | 2011-12-15 |
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US20110033714A1 (en) | 2011-02-10 |
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