KR100539329B1 - 조향 가능한 구동 휠 또는 비구동 휠을 갖는 차량의 앞 차축 - Google Patents
조향 가능한 구동 휠 또는 비구동 휠을 갖는 차량의 앞 차축 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100539329B1 KR100539329B1 KR10-2002-0061784A KR20020061784A KR100539329B1 KR 100539329 B1 KR100539329 B1 KR 100539329B1 KR 20020061784 A KR20020061784 A KR 20020061784A KR 100539329 B1 KR100539329 B1 KR 100539329B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- front axle
- stop washer
- bush
- roller body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000357293 Leptobrama muelleri Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
- F16J15/3248—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports
- F16J15/3252—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports with rigid casings or supports
- F16J15/3256—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports with rigid casings or supports comprising two casing or support elements, one attached to each surface, e.g. cartridge or cassette seals
- F16J15/3264—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports with rigid casings or supports comprising two casing or support elements, one attached to each surface, e.g. cartridge or cassette seals the elements being separable from each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/18—Steering knuckles; King pins
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C21/00—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C21/005—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement the external zone of a bearing with rolling members, e.g. needles, being cup-shaped, with or without a separate thrust-bearing disc or ring, e.g. for universal joints
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/102—Construction relative to lubrication with grease as lubricant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
- F16C33/103—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant retained in or near the bearing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
- F16C33/6603—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with grease as lubricant
- F16C33/6607—Retaining the grease in or near the bearing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
- F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
- F16C33/664—Retaining the liquid in or near the bearing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
- F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
- F16C33/7803—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings
- F16C33/7809—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings for needle roller bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
- F16C2326/20—Land vehicles
- F16C2326/24—Steering systems, e.g. steering rods or columns
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
- Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (21)
- 조향 너클 핀을 지지하기 위해 래디얼 베어링(radial bearing)을 수용하며, 그리스 또는 오일이 충전된 밀폐된 윤활제 저장소를 가지며 베어링 부시를 형성하는 포트 형태의 슬리브가 포함된 상단 지지점 및 하단 지지점을 통해 휠 안내 부재에서 선회 가능한 형태로 결합되는, 조향 너클 상에서 조향 가능한 구동 휠 또는 비구동 휠을 갖는 차량의 앞 차축에 있어서,슬리브(2)의 바닥에는 축 방향 힘을 수용하는 스톱 와셔(3)가 배치되며, 래디얼 베어링의 롤러 바디(7)가 자신의 지지면(8)을 통해 이 스톱 와셔(3)에 지지되고;상기 롤러 바디(7)의 지지면(11) 상에는 초기 응력이 가해지는 판 스프링(12)이 배치되어 상기 롤러 바디(7)의 지지면(8)을 스톱 와셔(3)에 밀착시키며; 그리고,상기 부시(1)는 베어링을 밀봉하는 패킹 유닛을 갖고, 상기 패킹 유닛은 보강링(18)에 의해 초기 응력이 가해지는 시일링 부재를 포함하여 그 시일링 지지력이 일정하게 유지되는 것을 특징으로 하는 앞 차축.
- 제1항에 있어서, 스톱 와셔(3)가 폴리비닐리덴 플로라이드(PVDF) 재질의 코팅(6)을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 앞 차축.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서, 시일링 부재는 로타리 샤프트 시일(17)을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 앞 차축.
- 제1항에 있어서, 부시(1)는 래디얼 베어링 및 패킹 유닛과 함께 일차조립이 가능한 것을 특징으로 하는 앞 차축.
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서, 래디얼 베어링이 일 열 또는 이 열로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 앞 차축.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상단 지지점(34)과 하단 지지점(35)이 동일한 것을 특징으로 하는 앞 차축.
- 그리스 또는 오일이 충전된 밀폐된 윤활제 저장소를 가지며, 래디얼 베어링을 수용하는 포트 형태의 슬리브를 갖는 조향 너클 베어링을 지지하기 위한 베어링 부시에 있어서,슬리브(2)의 바닥에는 축 방향 힘을 수용하는 스톱 와셔(3)가 배치되며, 래디얼 베어링의 롤러 바디(7)가 자신의 지지면(8)을 통해 이 스톱 와셔에 지지되고;상기 롤러 바디(7)의 지지면(11) 상에는 초기 응력이 가해지는 판 스프링(12)이 배치되어 상기 롤러 바디(7)의 지지면(8)을 스톱 와셔(3)에 밀착시키며; 그리고,상기 부시(1)는 베어링을 밀봉하는 패킹 유닛을 갖고, 상기 패킹 유닛은 보강링(18)에 의해 초기 응력이 가해지는 시일링 부재를 포함하여 그 시일링 지지력이 일정하게 유지되는 것을 특징으로 하는 베어링 부시.
- 제12항에 있어서, 스톱 와셔(3)가 폴리비닐리덴 플로라이드(PVDF) 재질의 코팅(6)을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 베어링 부시.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제12항에 있어서, 시일링 부재는 로타리 샤프트 시일(17)을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 베어링 부시.
- 제12항에 있어서, 베어링 부시는 래디얼 베어링 및 패킹 유닛과 함께 일차조립이 가능한 것을 특징으로 하는 베어링 부시.
- 삭제
- 제12항에 있어서, 래디얼 베어링이 일 열 또는 이 열로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 베어링 부시.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10150228A DE10150228C5 (de) | 2001-10-11 | 2001-10-11 | Vorderachse eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit lenkbaren, angetriebenen oder nicht angetriebenen Rädern |
DE10150228.1 | 2001-10-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR20030030951A KR20030030951A (ko) | 2003-04-18 |
KR100539329B1 true KR100539329B1 (ko) | 2005-12-28 |
Family
ID=7702198
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2002-0061784A Expired - Fee Related KR100539329B1 (ko) | 2001-10-11 | 2002-10-10 | 조향 가능한 구동 휠 또는 비구동 휠을 갖는 차량의 앞 차축 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7066478B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100539329B1 (ko) |
DE (1) | DE10150228C5 (ko) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101645297B1 (ko) | 2015-02-13 | 2016-08-03 | 에이엠에프코리아 주식회사 | 자동차용 앞차축 장치 |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE524112C2 (sv) * | 2002-06-19 | 2004-06-29 | Volvo Lastvagnar Ab | Anordning för svängbar upphängning av ett fordonshjul |
US7093843B2 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2006-08-22 | Arvinmeritor Technology Llc | King pin arrangement for steering knuckle |
DE102005054114A1 (de) | 2005-11-12 | 2007-05-31 | Schaeffler Kg | Achsschenkellagereinheit |
US7614629B2 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2009-11-10 | Arvinmeritor Technology, Llc | King pin suspension mount adapter |
US7815203B2 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2010-10-19 | Dana Heavy Vehicle Systems Group, Llc | Dual taper knuckle and dual taper adapter sleeve |
DE102008059454B4 (de) * | 2008-11-28 | 2016-05-04 | Ab Skf | Abdichtung einer Achsschenkelbolzen-Lagerung |
US8490986B1 (en) | 2012-05-16 | 2013-07-23 | Arvinmeritor Technology, Llc | Steering knuckle assembly having a kingpin |
CN102837738B (zh) * | 2012-09-20 | 2015-07-08 | 湖南中联重科车桥有限公司 | 转向桥及具有其的车辆 |
DE102016210587A1 (de) * | 2016-06-15 | 2017-12-21 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Gelenkanordnung für eine Gelenkwelle |
CN107487359A (zh) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-19 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | 一种转向节与前桥壳的连接结构 |
CN107444490B (zh) * | 2017-08-10 | 2019-06-28 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | 一种转向驱动前桥 |
US10253805B2 (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2019-04-09 | Dana Heavy Vehicle Systems Group, Llc | Self-lubricating king pin joint with hollow king pin |
KR102714720B1 (ko) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-10-11 | 현대트랜시스 주식회사 | 차량용 조향장치 |
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US4886479A (en) * | 1988-09-12 | 1989-12-12 | The Torrington Company | Universal joint including roller bearings |
US5090778A (en) * | 1989-07-12 | 1992-02-25 | Bergische Achsenfabrik Fr. Kotz & Sohne | Wheel support for trailer axles |
US5725431A (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1998-03-10 | Dana Corporation | Thrust washer for universal joint having preloading thrust surfaces |
JPH11321212A (ja) * | 1998-05-15 | 1999-11-24 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd | 車両のアクスル端部構造 |
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DE8213146U1 (de) * | 1982-08-19 | Skf Kugellagerfabriken Gmbh, 8720 Schweinfurt | Vorschaltdichtung für Lagerbüchsen | |
DE1811092C3 (de) * | 1968-11-27 | 1978-03-16 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Ausbildung einer Achsschenkellagerung zur Schmierung mit Schmieröl |
US4043567A (en) * | 1974-03-18 | 1977-08-23 | V. W. Kaiser Engineering, Inc. | Steering axle assembly |
DE3409078A1 (de) * | 1984-03-13 | 1985-09-19 | SKF GmbH, 8720 Schweinfurt | Zapfenlagerung |
DE8430909U1 (de) * | 1984-10-20 | 1984-11-29 | Skf Kugellagerfabriken Gmbh, 8720 Schweinfurt | Lagerbüchse, insbesondere für Kreuzgelenke |
DE8616597U1 (de) * | 1986-06-21 | 1986-07-31 | SKF GmbH, 8720 Schweinfurt | Dichtungsanordnung für Wälzlager |
US4742883A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1988-05-10 | Ford Motor Company | Pinion ball bearings with preload adjustment for power rack and pinion steering gears |
US4798394A (en) * | 1986-10-15 | 1989-01-17 | Dana Corporation | Kingpin assembly for a vehicle steering axle |
DE8709201U1 (de) * | 1987-07-03 | 1987-08-20 | SKF GmbH, 8720 Schweinfurt | Lagerbüchse, insbesondere für Kreuzgelenkzapfen |
DE9007248U1 (de) * | 1990-06-30 | 1990-09-06 | SKF GmbH, 8720 Schweinfurt | Lagerbüchse, insbesondere für Kreuzgelenke |
DE4314720A1 (de) * | 1993-05-04 | 1994-11-10 | Knorr Bremse Ag | Druckluftbetätigte Scheibenbremse |
DE9407311U1 (de) * | 1994-05-05 | 1994-06-30 | INA Wälzlager Schaeffler KG, 91074 Herzogenaurach | Anlaufscheibe für Gelenkkreuzbüchsen |
DE19603353A1 (de) * | 1996-01-31 | 1997-08-07 | Glyco Metall Werke | Schichtwerkstoff für Gleitelemente, Verwendung und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
DE19738114A1 (de) * | 1997-09-01 | 1999-03-04 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Vorderachse eines Lastkraftwagen oder Omnibus mit lenkbaren, nichtangetriebenen Rädern |
US5975547A (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-11-02 | Sanford Acquisition Company | Steering knuckle assembly with lubrication system |
US6113118A (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-09-05 | Dana Corporation | Closed cell foam insert for a king pin/knuckle arm assembly |
DE19955509B4 (de) * | 1999-11-18 | 2008-02-21 | Daimler Ag | Achsschenkelbolzenlagerung |
-
2001
- 2001-10-11 DE DE10150228A patent/DE10150228C5/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-09-25 US US10/254,821 patent/US7066478B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-10 KR KR10-2002-0061784A patent/KR100539329B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4886479A (en) * | 1988-09-12 | 1989-12-12 | The Torrington Company | Universal joint including roller bearings |
US5090778A (en) * | 1989-07-12 | 1992-02-25 | Bergische Achsenfabrik Fr. Kotz & Sohne | Wheel support for trailer axles |
US5725431A (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1998-03-10 | Dana Corporation | Thrust washer for universal joint having preloading thrust surfaces |
JPH11321212A (ja) * | 1998-05-15 | 1999-11-24 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd | 車両のアクスル端部構造 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101645297B1 (ko) | 2015-02-13 | 2016-08-03 | 에이엠에프코리아 주식회사 | 자동차용 앞차축 장치 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE10150228B4 (de) | 2006-12-14 |
KR20030030951A (ko) | 2003-04-18 |
DE10150228A1 (de) | 2003-05-08 |
US20030075892A1 (en) | 2003-04-24 |
DE10150228C5 (de) | 2008-09-18 |
US7066478B2 (en) | 2006-06-27 |
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