KR100467696B1 - 유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 - Google Patents
유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100467696B1 KR100467696B1 KR10-2002-0052290A KR20020052290A KR100467696B1 KR 100467696 B1 KR100467696 B1 KR 100467696B1 KR 20020052290 A KR20020052290 A KR 20020052290A KR 100467696 B1 KR100467696 B1 KR 100467696B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- carbonate
- organic electrolyte
- electrolyte solution
- solvent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 44
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000000027 (C1-C10) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical class COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical class CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical class CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical class CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZQBFAOFFOQMSGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F ZQBFAOFFOQMSGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WACNXHCZHTVBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentafluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F WACNXHCZHTVBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SOZFIIXUNAKEJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrafluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(F)C(F)=C1F SOZFIIXUNAKEJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AJKNNUJQFALRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trifluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(F)=C1F AJKNNUJQFALRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1F GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical class COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical class CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 39
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 11
- VIHAEDVKXSOUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-en-4-olide Chemical compound O=C1OCC=C1 VIHAEDVKXSOUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920005609 vinylidenefluoride/hexafluoropropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VOYDEHILKLSVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxy-2h-furan-5-one Chemical compound COC1=CC(=O)OC1 VOYDEHILKLSVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QYIOFABFKUOIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound CC=1OC(=O)OC=1C QYIOFABFKUOIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RHDGNLCLDBVESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-en-4-olide Chemical compound O=C1CC=CO1 RHDGNLCLDBVESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QGHDLJAZIIFENW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enylphenyl)propan-2-yl]-2-prop-2-enylphenol Chemical group C1=C(CC=C)C(O)=CC=C1C(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=C(O)C(CC=C)=C1 QGHDLJAZIIFENW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013705 LiNi 1-x Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N divinyl sulfone Chemical compound C=CS(=O)(=O)C=C AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010294 electrolyte impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel zinc Chemical compound [Ni].[Zn] QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004115 pentoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
- H01M2300/004—Three solvents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/16—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/16—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte
- H01M6/162—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte characterised by the electrolyte
- H01M6/166—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte characterised by the electrolyte by the solute
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
구분 | 방전용량(mAh) | 용량 회복율(%) |
실시예 2(제조예 1의 전해액) | 820.6 | 91.40 |
실시예 2(제조예 2의 전해액) | 814.70 | 90.51 |
실시예 2(제조예 3의 전해액) | 828 | 92.00 |
실시예 2(제조예 4의 전해액) | 832.9 | 92.70 |
비교예 2(비교제조예 1의 전해액) | 813.8 | 90.42 |
비교예 2(비교제조예 2의 전해액 | 814.5 | 90.50 |
Claims (11)
- 비수계 용매와 리튬염을 포함하는 유기 전해액에 있어서,상기 유기 전해액이화학식 1의 화합물과, 화학식 2, 3 및 5의 화합물중 선택된 하나 이상을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 전해액.<화학식 1><화학식 2><화학식 3>상기식중, R1은 탄소수 1 내지 10의 알콕시기이고,<화학식 5>상기식중, n은 1 내지 6의 정수이다.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 화학식 1의 화합물과, 화학식 2, 3 및 5의 화합물중 선택된 하나 이상의 총함량이 상기 비수계 용매 100 중량부에 대하여 0.01 내지 1.5 중량부인 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 전해액.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 화학식 1의 화합물과, 화학식 2, 3 및 5의 화합물중 선택된 하나 이상의 혼합중량비는 1:1.5 내지 1:40인 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 전해액.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 비수계 용매가,사슬형 카보네이트계 용매와 고리형 카보네이트계 용매를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 전해액.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 고리형 카보네이트계 용매와 사슬형 카보네이트계 용매의 혼합부피비가 1:1 내지 1:4인 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 전해액.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 사슬형 카보네이트계 용매가 디메틸 카보네이트, 에틸 메틸 카보네이트, 디에틸 카보네이트, 디프로필 카보네이트, 디메톡시에탄, 디에톡시에탄 및 탄소수 3 내지 8의 지방산 에스테르 유도체로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 전해액.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 고리형 카보네이트계 용매가 에틸렌 카보네이트, 프로필렌 카보네이트, 부틸렌 카보네이트 및 감마 부티로락톤으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 전해액.
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 화학식 5의 화합물이 플루오로벤젠, 디플루오로벤젠, 트리플루오로벤젠, 테트라플루오로벤젠, 펜타플루오로벤젠 또는 헥사플루오로벤젠인 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 전해액.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 리튬염은 LiClO4, LiCF3SO3, LiPF6, LiN(CF3SO2), LiBF4, LiC(CF3SO2)3, LiN(C2F5SO2)2로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상이고,리튬염의 농도는 0.5 내지 2M 정도인 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 전해액.
- 캐소드;애노드; 및제1항 내지 제7항, 제9항 및 제10항중 어느 한 항의 유기 전해액을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 전지.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2002-0052290A KR100467696B1 (ko) | 2002-08-31 | 2002-08-31 | 유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 |
CNB031453414A CN1241284C (zh) | 2002-08-31 | 2003-07-04 | 有机电解液及使用它的锂电池 |
US10/641,150 US20040146778A1 (en) | 2002-08-31 | 2003-08-15 | Organic electrolytic solution and lithium battery employing the same |
JP2003308022A JP3675460B2 (ja) | 2002-08-31 | 2003-08-29 | 有機電解液及びそれを採用したリチウム電池 |
US12/222,417 US8053108B2 (en) | 2002-08-31 | 2008-08-08 | Organic electrolytic solution and lithium battery employing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2002-0052290A KR100467696B1 (ko) | 2002-08-31 | 2002-08-31 | 유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR20040020640A KR20040020640A (ko) | 2004-03-09 |
KR100467696B1 true KR100467696B1 (ko) | 2005-01-24 |
Family
ID=32026051
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2002-0052290A Expired - Lifetime KR100467696B1 (ko) | 2002-08-31 | 2002-08-31 | 유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20040146778A1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP3675460B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100467696B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN1241284C (ko) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100645775B1 (ko) * | 2004-09-14 | 2006-11-15 | 제일모직주식회사 | 리튬이차전지용 비수전해액 및 그를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4581454B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-29 | 2010-11-17 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 非水系電解液及びそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 |
KR100703843B1 (ko) * | 2004-08-18 | 2007-04-04 | 제일모직주식회사 | 리튬이차전지용 비수전해액 및 그를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 |
WO2006025662A1 (en) * | 2004-09-02 | 2006-03-09 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Organic/inorganic composite porous film and electrochemical device prepared thereby |
WO2006046785A1 (en) * | 2004-10-27 | 2006-05-04 | Cheil Industries Inc. | Nonaqueous electrolyte for battery |
CN100438198C (zh) * | 2004-12-31 | 2008-11-26 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种混合添加剂以及含该添加剂的电解液和锂离子二次电池 |
WO2007066966A1 (en) * | 2005-12-06 | 2007-06-14 | Lg Chem Ltd. | Electrode with enhanced safety and electrochemical device having the same |
KR100845047B1 (ko) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-08 | 제일모직주식회사 | 리튬 2차전지용 비수성 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬2차전지 |
KR100977973B1 (ko) * | 2007-01-09 | 2010-08-24 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비수 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 이차 전지 |
KR101165887B1 (ko) | 2007-02-06 | 2012-07-13 | 다이킨 고교 가부시키가이샤 | 비수계 전해액 |
KR100966024B1 (ko) * | 2007-04-24 | 2010-06-24 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이종의 세퍼레이터를 구비한 전기화학소자 |
KR101451804B1 (ko) * | 2007-12-14 | 2014-10-16 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 |
US8288040B2 (en) | 2009-02-17 | 2012-10-16 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | High voltage electrolyte |
KR101156537B1 (ko) * | 2010-04-26 | 2012-06-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 폴리머 전지 |
US10715380B2 (en) | 2011-05-23 | 2020-07-14 | Apple Inc. | Setting a reminder that is triggered by a target user device |
US9247377B2 (en) | 2011-05-23 | 2016-01-26 | Apple Inc. | Setting a reminder that is triggered by a target user device |
US8971924B2 (en) | 2011-05-23 | 2015-03-03 | Apple Inc. | Identifying and locating users on a mobile network |
CN103367800B (zh) * | 2012-04-09 | 2015-12-02 | 张家港市国泰华荣化工新材料有限公司 | 一种层状锰酸锂电池用的非水电解液 |
US8989773B2 (en) | 2013-01-29 | 2015-03-24 | Apple Inc. | Sharing location information among devices |
US10382378B2 (en) | 2014-05-31 | 2019-08-13 | Apple Inc. | Live location sharing |
US10707526B2 (en) | 2015-03-27 | 2020-07-07 | New Dominion Enterprises Inc. | All-inorganic solvents for electrolytes |
CN104979588A (zh) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-10-14 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | 一种锂离子电池非水电解液及锂离子电池 |
EP3166169A1 (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2017-05-10 | Lithium Energy and Power GmbH & Co. KG | Battery cell and battery |
US10707531B1 (en) | 2016-09-27 | 2020-07-07 | New Dominion Enterprises Inc. | All-inorganic solvents for electrolytes |
KR102397859B1 (ko) | 2017-04-25 | 2022-05-12 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
CN107369849B (zh) * | 2017-08-04 | 2021-04-13 | 广州天赐高新材料股份有限公司 | 一种锂二次电池电解液和锂二次电池 |
KR102452325B1 (ko) * | 2017-11-30 | 2022-10-11 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 젤 폴리머 전해질용 조성물, 이로부터 제조되는 젤 폴리머 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR102217107B1 (ko) | 2017-11-30 | 2021-02-18 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 젤 폴리머 전해질용 조성물, 이로부터 제조되는 젤 폴리머 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
US11342585B2 (en) | 2017-12-01 | 2022-05-24 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Gel polymer electrolyte composition and lithium secondary battery including the same |
KR102391532B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-16 | 2022-04-28 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질 |
KR102434069B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-16 | 2022-08-19 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질 |
CN109659616A (zh) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-19 | 珠海光宇电池有限公司 | 一种电解液及锂离子电池 |
JP7680858B2 (ja) * | 2021-03-12 | 2025-05-21 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 回復剤、非水電解液二次電池の回復方法及び非水電解液二次電池の製造方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5731105A (en) * | 1993-09-07 | 1998-03-24 | E.C.R. - Electro-Chemical Research Ltd. | Battery electrochemical cell with a non-liquid electrolyte |
JPH11273725A (ja) * | 1998-03-20 | 1999-10-08 | Ube Ind Ltd | リチウム二次電池用電解液およびそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 |
JPH11339851A (ja) * | 1998-05-29 | 1999-12-10 | Mitsui Chem Inc | 非水電解液および非水電解液二次電池 |
JP2000156243A (ja) * | 1998-11-18 | 2000-06-06 | Sony Corp | 非水電解液電池 |
KR20010008488A (ko) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-02-05 | 유현식 | 전지용 비수전해액 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3066126B2 (ja) | 1991-09-10 | 2000-07-17 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水系電解液電池 |
JP3059832B2 (ja) * | 1992-07-27 | 2000-07-04 | 三洋電機株式会社 | リチウム二次電池 |
FR2719161B1 (fr) * | 1994-04-22 | 1996-08-02 | Accumulateurs Fixes | Générateur électrochimique rechargeable au lithium à anode de carbone. |
US5714281A (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 1998-02-03 | Sony Corporation | Non-aqueous liquid electrolyte secondary cell |
US5712059A (en) * | 1995-09-26 | 1998-01-27 | Valence Technology, Inc. | Carbonaceous electrode and compatible electrolyte solvent |
EP0886334B1 (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 2001-08-29 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Lithium secondary battery |
JP4000646B2 (ja) * | 1997-12-17 | 2007-10-31 | 宇部興産株式会社 | 二次電池用非水電解液 |
US6350546B1 (en) | 1998-01-20 | 2002-02-26 | Wilson Greatbatch Ltd. | Sulfate additives for nonaqueous electrolyte rechargeable cells |
JP2000182666A (ja) | 1998-12-18 | 2000-06-30 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 非水電解液二次電池 |
JP4657403B2 (ja) * | 1999-07-02 | 2011-03-23 | パナソニック株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
JP2001217001A (ja) | 1999-11-25 | 2001-08-10 | Bridgestone Corp | 非水電解液二次電池用添加剤 |
DE10027626A1 (de) | 2000-06-07 | 2001-12-13 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Silanverbindungen als Additive in Elektrolyten für elektrochemischen Zellen |
-
2002
- 2002-08-31 KR KR10-2002-0052290A patent/KR100467696B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-07-04 CN CNB031453414A patent/CN1241284C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-15 US US10/641,150 patent/US20040146778A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-29 JP JP2003308022A patent/JP3675460B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2008
- 2008-08-08 US US12/222,417 patent/US8053108B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5731105A (en) * | 1993-09-07 | 1998-03-24 | E.C.R. - Electro-Chemical Research Ltd. | Battery electrochemical cell with a non-liquid electrolyte |
JPH11273725A (ja) * | 1998-03-20 | 1999-10-08 | Ube Ind Ltd | リチウム二次電池用電解液およびそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 |
JPH11339851A (ja) * | 1998-05-29 | 1999-12-10 | Mitsui Chem Inc | 非水電解液および非水電解液二次電池 |
JP2000156243A (ja) * | 1998-11-18 | 2000-06-06 | Sony Corp | 非水電解液電池 |
KR20010008488A (ko) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-02-05 | 유현식 | 전지용 비수전해액 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100645775B1 (ko) * | 2004-09-14 | 2006-11-15 | 제일모직주식회사 | 리튬이차전지용 비수전해액 및 그를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1241284C (zh) | 2006-02-08 |
US8053108B2 (en) | 2011-11-08 |
US20040146778A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
CN1479400A (zh) | 2004-03-03 |
JP2004095556A (ja) | 2004-03-25 |
JP3675460B2 (ja) | 2005-07-27 |
US20090011340A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
KR20040020640A (ko) | 2004-03-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR100467696B1 (ko) | 유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 | |
KR100509604B1 (ko) | 유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 | |
KR101802342B1 (ko) | 유기전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬전지 | |
US7976988B2 (en) | Non-aqueous electrolyte and lithium secondary battery using the same | |
KR101211127B1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
JP2000133304A (ja) | 非水電解液及びそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 | |
KR100573109B1 (ko) | 유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 | |
KR100528933B1 (ko) | 유기전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 | |
KR20090042593A (ko) | 실란계 화합물을 채용한 유기전해액 및 리튬 전지 | |
KR101451804B1 (ko) | 유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 | |
JP2005285491A (ja) | 非水電解液およびそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 | |
KR100803193B1 (ko) | 유기전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 | |
KR100683666B1 (ko) | 유기전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 | |
KR20070023451A (ko) | 유기전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 | |
KR20040037053A (ko) | 팽윤억제용 리튬이차전지 전해액 | |
KR100592235B1 (ko) | 유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 | |
US20030148190A1 (en) | Non-aqueous electrolyte and lithium secondary battery using the same | |
KR20220124870A (ko) | 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 | |
KR100558842B1 (ko) | 유기전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 | |
KR101294763B1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
KR101340024B1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지 | |
US20200076000A1 (en) | Non-aqueous electrolyte and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery | |
KR100407486B1 (ko) | 유기전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 | |
KR101433662B1 (ko) | 이차전지용 전해액과 이를 함유하는 이차전지 | |
KR20090096153A (ko) | 유기전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A201 | Request for examination | ||
PA0109 | Patent application |
Patent event code: PA01091R01D Comment text: Patent Application Patent event date: 20020831 |
|
PA0201 | Request for examination | ||
N231 | Notification of change of applicant | ||
PN2301 | Change of applicant |
Patent event date: 20030614 Comment text: Notification of Change of Applicant Patent event code: PN23011R01D |
|
PG1501 | Laying open of application | ||
E902 | Notification of reason for refusal | ||
PE0902 | Notice of grounds for rejection |
Comment text: Notification of reason for refusal Patent event date: 20040414 Patent event code: PE09021S01D |
|
E701 | Decision to grant or registration of patent right | ||
PE0701 | Decision of registration |
Patent event code: PE07011S01D Comment text: Decision to Grant Registration Patent event date: 20041216 |
|
GRNT | Written decision to grant | ||
PR0701 | Registration of establishment |
Comment text: Registration of Establishment Patent event date: 20050113 Patent event code: PR07011E01D |
|
PR1002 | Payment of registration fee |
Payment date: 20050114 End annual number: 3 Start annual number: 1 |
|
PG1601 | Publication of registration | ||
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20080104 Start annual number: 4 End annual number: 4 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20090105 Start annual number: 5 End annual number: 5 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20091229 Start annual number: 6 End annual number: 6 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20101229 Start annual number: 7 End annual number: 7 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20111216 Start annual number: 8 End annual number: 8 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20121221 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20121221 Start annual number: 9 End annual number: 9 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20131220 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20131220 Start annual number: 10 End annual number: 10 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20141211 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20141211 Start annual number: 11 End annual number: 11 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20151218 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20151218 Start annual number: 12 End annual number: 12 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20161223 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20161223 Start annual number: 13 End annual number: 13 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20171219 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20171219 Start annual number: 14 End annual number: 14 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20181220 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20181220 Start annual number: 15 End annual number: 15 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20200103 Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20200103 Start annual number: 16 End annual number: 16 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20210106 Start annual number: 17 End annual number: 17 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20211230 Start annual number: 18 End annual number: 18 |
|
PC1801 | Expiration of term |
Termination date: 20230228 Termination category: Expiration of duration |