KR100425621B1 - 온도정합지연층 - Google Patents
온도정합지연층 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100425621B1 KR100425621B1 KR10-1998-0704849A KR19980704849A KR100425621B1 KR 100425621 B1 KR100425621 B1 KR 100425621B1 KR 19980704849 A KR19980704849 A KR 19980704849A KR 100425621 B1 KR100425621 B1 KR 100425621B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- molecular weight
- display device
- high molecular
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 66
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 26
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- -1 polysiloxanes Polymers 0.000 description 11
- KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron trifluoride etherate Chemical compound FB(F)F.CCOCC KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC1 BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000004172 4-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- UHFFVFAKEGKNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzyl-2-(dimethylamino)-1-(4-morpholin-4-ylphenyl)butan-1-one Chemical compound C=1C=C(N2CCOCC2)C=CC=1C(=O)C(CC)(N(C)C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UHFFVFAKEGKNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DGZNXJPBIXMBJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-(oxiran-2-yl)nonyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCCCCCCCC1CO1 DGZNXJPBIXMBJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- VHRYZQNGTZXDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacryloyl chloride Chemical compound CC(=C)C(Cl)=O VHRYZQNGTZXDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroperbenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DCCVVEQAXAKPJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-(oxiran-2-yl)nonan-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCC1CO1 DCCVVEQAXAKPJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000005266 side chain polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPYJWZUCIDBVHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methoxyphenyl) 4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)benzoate Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1OC(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1OC1 CPYJWZUCIDBVHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTQSVJUCLQYISS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methoxyphenyl) 4-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 MTQSVJUCLQYISS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLGPDUBTEHIWRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-octan-2-yloxycarbonylphenyl) 4-hexoxybenzoate Chemical compound C1=CC(OCCCCCC)=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=C(C(=O)OC(C)CCCCCC)C=C1 PLGPDUBTEHIWRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIEMHYCMBGELGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-undecen-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCC=C GIEMHYCMBGELGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QRIMLDXJAPZHJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(O)CO QRIMLDXJAPZHJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBBUAWSVILPJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethylhexoxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COCC1CO1 BBBUAWSVILPJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWHRFHQRVDUPIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 50867-57-7 Chemical group CC(=C)C(O)=O.CC(=C)C(O)=O RWHRFHQRVDUPIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIMXEJYJXDBLIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-bromohex-1-ene Chemical compound BrCCCCC=C RIMXEJYJXDBLIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ipazine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC(C)C)=N1 OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical group CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFBMWMNUJJDEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acryloyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C=C HFBMWMNUJJDEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003098 cholesteric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001841 cholesterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NLUNLVTVUDIHFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclooctylcyclooctane Chemical group C1CCCCCCC1C1CCCCCCC1 NLUNLVTVUDIHFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007765 extrusion coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M methacrylate group Chemical group C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-] CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZQVOTOSIYOIZNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane oxirane Chemical compound C.C1CO1 ZQVOTOSIYOIZNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006289 polycarbonate film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002523 polyethylene Glycol 1000 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000646 scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940079827 sodium hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/38—Polymers
- C09K19/3833—Polymers with mesogenic groups in the side chain
- C09K19/3876—Polyoxyalkylene polymers
- C09K19/388—Polyepoxides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers only
- C08G65/22—Cyclic ethers having at least one atom other than carbon and hydrogen outside the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
- C08G65/2603—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen
- C08G65/2606—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxyl groups
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3016—Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/08—Materials and properties glass transition temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
- G02F2203/21—Thermal instability, i.e. DC drift, of an optical modulator; Arrangements or methods for the reduction thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
- G02F2413/15—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates with twisted orientation, e.g. comprising helically oriented LC-molecules or a plurality of twisted birefringent sublayers
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- Surface Acoustic Wave Elements And Circuit Networks Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
번호 | 스페이서 | Tg(℃) | Tc(℃) | Mw | η'(Pa.s) |
1 | 2 | 27/34 | 139 | 2222 | |
2 | 3 | 20/26 | 124 | 2617 | 4 ×104 |
3 | 4 | 15/21 | 121 | 2854 |
번호 | EP/OH | PO% | Tg(℃) | Tc(℃) | η'(Pa.s) | Mw |
4 | 10/1 | 25 | 28/35 | 84 | 3 ×104 | 2372 |
5 | 10/1 | 40 | 21/31 | 60 | 1985 | |
6 | 10/1 | 50 | 5/16 | -- | 1818 | |
7 | 5/1 | 10 | 32/35 | 101 | 1692 | |
8 | 5/1 | 17.5 | 29/31 | 88 | 4.5 ×104 | 1564 |
9 | 5/1 | 25 | 23/27 | 69 | 1503 |
번호 | 디올 | Tg(℃) | Tc(℃) | Mw |
10 | 헥산디올 | 37/43 | 124 | 3152 |
11 | PEG400 | 30/36 | 100 | 2351 |
12 | PEG1000 | 30/37 | 97 | 2744 |
번호 | C9% | MA% | Tg(℃) | Tc(℃) | Mw |
15 | 17.5 | 17 | -2/5 | 76 | 3096 |
16 | 20 | 18 | -5/5 | 70 | 3064 |
번호 | C9% | MA% | Tg(℃) | Tc(℃) | Mw |
17 | 5 | 13 | 5/12 | 94 | 2898 |
18 | 7.5 | 14 | 2/11 | 90 | 2914 |
19 | 8 | 17 | -6/5 | 78 | 2963 |
20 | 10 | 18 | -2/6 | 82 | 2863 |
21 | 15 | 21 | -7/6 | 70 | 1962 |
Claims (13)
- 고분자량 물질층과 기판을 포함하는 지연층(retardation layer); 및 액정 물질을 함유하는 표시 장치 소자(display cell)를 포함하는 액정 표시 장치(liuid crystalline display)로서,상기 고분자량 물질은 그의 Tg 이상에서의 네마틱상(nematic phase) 및 작업 온도에서의 적어도 100 Pa.s의 동적 점도를 가지며, 표시 장치 소자에서 저분자량 물질의 Tc와 고분자량 물질의 Tc의 차이는 -30 ℃ 내지 +30 ℃ 범위이고, 고분자량 액정 물질의 Tg는 50 ℃ 미만인 것을 특징으로 하는 액정 표시 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 지연층의 고분자량 물질은 55 ℃ 이상의 온도에서 동적 점도가 107Pa.s를 초과하게 변경되지 않도록 가교되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 액정 표시 장치.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 고분자량 액정 물질의 Tg는 -50 내지 +35 ℃인 것을 특징으로 하는 액정 표시 장치.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 고분자 물질층은 키랄 네마틱칼라마이틱(chiral nematic calamitic) 또는 디스코틱(discotic) 구조를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 액정 표시 장치.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 고분자량 물질은 (a) OH-함유 화합물 및 (b) 메소제닉기(mesogenic group)-함유 모노-에폭시드를 포함하는 모노머 혼합물을 중합함으로써 수득될 수 있는 폴리에테르인 것을 특징으로 하는 액정 표시 장치.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 모노머 혼합물은 옥시라닐메탄을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 액정 표시 장치.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 메소제닉기-함유 모노-에폭시드는 스페이서를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 액정 표시 장치.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 모노머 혼합물 내의 에폭시기/히드록시기의 비율은 5:1 내지 1:1인 것을 특징으로 하는 액정 표시 장치.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 OH-함유 화합물은 하기 화학식 1에 따른 모노-OH-함유 화합물인 것을 특징으로 하는 액정 표시 장치:(화학식 1)HO-(Y)m-Z(상기 화학식 1에서, Z는 H(m≠0일 때), -O-C(O)-CH=CH2, -O-C(O)-C(CH3)=CH2, 4-10개의 탄소원자를 갖는 고리형, 방향족 또는 헤테로고리형 화합물[상기 화합물은 메소제닉기, -CH(CH2-O-C(O)-CH=CH2)2, -C(CH2-OC(O)-CH=CH2)3, -C(CH2-O-C(O)-CH=CH2)2-CH3, -CH(CH2-O-C(O)-C(CH3)=CH2)2, -C(CH2-OC(O)-C(CH3)=CH2)3또는 -C(CH2-O-C(O)-C(CH3)=CH2)2-CH3을 포함할 수 있음]을 나타내고;Y는 -CH2-, -C(CH3)2-, -CH(CH3)-, -CH2-O-ψ1-(CH2)m- 또는 -HC[-(CH2)m-O-ψ1-(Q)n-ψ2-R1]을 나타내며[여기서 다양한 Y기들은 같거나 또는 다를 수 있음];m은 OH기와 비교하여 α또는 β위치에서 산소 원자를 갖는 화합물이 제외되는 조건에서 독립적으로 0-12의 정수를 나타내고;Q는 -C(O)-O-, -C=C-, -C=N-, -N=C-, O-C(O)-, -C≡C-, -N=N- 또는 -N(→O)=N-을 나타내며;R1은 -O-R2, -NO2, -CN, -HC=C(CN)2, -C(CN)=C(CN)2또는 -R2를 나타내고;R2는 1-15개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 알킬기, -(CH2)k-O-C(O)-CH=CH2, -(CH2)k-O-C(O)-C(CH3)=CH2또는 -(CH2)x-OH를 나타내며;x는 0-12의 정수를 나타내고;k는 R1=-O-R2일 때 k가 0 또는 1이 아니라는 조건에서 0-12의 정수를 나타내며;ψ1은 4-10개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 고리형, 방향족 또는 헤테로고리형 화합물[ 상기 화합물은 메소제닉기로 치환될 수 있음]을 나타내고;ψ2는 4-10개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 고리형, 방향족 또는 헤테로고리형 화합물[상기 화합물은 메소제닉기로 치환될 수 있음]을 나타내며;n은 0 또는 1을 나타낸다).
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 OH-함유 화합물은 하기 화학식 2의 화합물 중 어느 하나에 따른 화합물인 것을 특징으로 하는 액정 표시 장치:(화학식 2)(상기 화학식 2에서, R3은 1-12개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 알킬기를 나타내고;Z, Y, ψ1, ψ2, m 및 n은 상기 제9항의 화학식 1과 같은 의미를 가진다).
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 메소제닉기-함유 모노-에폭시드기는 하기 화학식 3의화합물 중 어느 하나를 만족하는 것을 특징으로 하는 액정 표시 장치:(화학식 3)(상기 화학식 3에서, Q1은 -C(O)-O-, -C=C-, -O-C(O)-, -N=C-, -C=N-,-C≡C-, -N=N- 또는 -N(→O)=N-을 나타내고;W는 C, O 또는 S를 나타내며;A는을 나타내고;Q2는 -O-C(O)-, -O- 또는 -O-C(O)-C=C-를 나타내고;R4는 O-R8, -COO-R8, -OCO-R8, -NO2, -CN, -HC=C(CN)2, -C(CN)=C(CN)2또는 -R8을 나타내며;R5는 1-5개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 알킬기를 나타내고;R6는 1-5개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 알킬기를 나타내며;R7은 H 또는 CH3를 나타내고;p는 1-7이며;m은 에폭시기의 산소에 비교하여 α 또는 β위치에서 산소 원자를 갖는 화합물은 제외된다는 조건하에서 0-12이고;n은 0 또는 1이며;q는 m=0일 때 q≠0이라는 조건하에서 0-3이고;r은 0 또는 1이며;R8은 1-15개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 알킬기를 나타내고;R9는 1-15개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 알킬기 또는 H를 나타내며;R10은 1-20개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 알콕시기 또는 알킬기를 나타낸다).
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 표시 장치 소자에서 저분자량 물질의 Tc와 고분자량 물질의 Tc의 차이는 -20 ℃ 내지 +20 ℃의 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 액정 표시 장치.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 표시 장치 소자에서 저분자량 물질의 Tc와 고분자량 물질의 Tc의 차이는 -10 ℃ 내지 +10 ℃의 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 액정 표시 장치.
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP95203567.3 | 1995-12-22 | ||
EP95203567 | 1995-12-22 | ||
EP96201247.2 | 1996-05-07 | ||
JP96201247.2 | 1996-05-07 | ||
EP96201247 | 1996-05-07 | ||
EP96202646 | 1996-09-23 | ||
EP96202646.4 | 1996-09-23 | ||
JP96202646.4 | 1996-09-23 |
Publications (2)
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KR19990076730A KR19990076730A (ko) | 1999-10-15 |
KR100425621B1 true KR100425621B1 (ko) | 2004-07-16 |
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KR10-1998-0704849A Expired - Lifetime KR100425621B1 (ko) | 1995-12-22 | 1996-12-16 | 온도정합지연층 |
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US (1) | US6088077A (ko) |
EP (1) | EP0868680B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP4054064B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100425621B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN1097744C (ko) |
AT (1) | ATE201514T1 (ko) |
AU (1) | AU719031B2 (ko) |
BR (1) | BR9612174A (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2241087A1 (ko) |
CZ (1) | CZ196698A3 (ko) |
DE (1) | DE69613001T2 (ko) |
EA (1) | EA000614B1 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2158373T3 (ko) |
IL (1) | IL125013A0 (ko) |
MX (1) | MX9805095A (ko) |
NO (1) | NO982851L (ko) |
NZ (1) | NZ325285A (ko) |
PL (1) | PL327231A1 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO1997023805A1 (ko) |
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US6853437B1 (en) | 1998-08-25 | 2005-02-08 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display and method for manufacturing the same |
KR20020056922A (ko) * | 1999-11-19 | 2002-07-10 | 니코 마스칸트 | 정상 백색 슈퍼 트위스트 네마틱 액정 디스플레이 |
EP1156361A1 (en) * | 2000-05-16 | 2001-11-21 | Dejima Tech B.V. | Reflective STN liquid crystal display |
WO2002017006A2 (en) * | 2000-08-23 | 2002-02-28 | Dejima Tech B.V. | Single-polarizer, normally white reflective stn display |
JP2002072211A (ja) * | 2000-08-28 | 2002-03-12 | Optrex Corp | 液晶表示素子 |
DE60312276T2 (de) * | 2002-10-01 | 2007-11-15 | Nippon Oil Corp. | (Meth)acrylverbindung mit einer Oxetanylgruppe und damit hergestellter Flüssigkristallfilm |
JP4008358B2 (ja) * | 2003-01-10 | 2007-11-14 | 日東電工株式会社 | 広帯域コレステリック液晶フィルムの製造方法 |
CN100375910C (zh) * | 2003-01-10 | 2008-03-19 | 日东电工株式会社 | 宽带胆甾醇型液晶薄膜、其制造方法、圆偏振片、直线偏振镜、照明装置及液晶显示装置 |
ATE538145T1 (de) * | 2005-09-26 | 2012-01-15 | Dejima Tech Bv | Uv-vernetzbare urethan-(meth)acrylat polymere |
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JP2777369B2 (ja) * | 1987-11-25 | 1998-07-16 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
JPH02101049A (ja) * | 1988-10-05 | 1990-04-12 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 液晶化合物及び液晶ポリマー |
GB8912456D0 (en) * | 1989-05-31 | 1989-07-19 | Secr Defence | Polymerisation of cyclic ether monomers capable of undergoing cationic oxonium ion ring-opening polymerisation |
JP2662814B2 (ja) * | 1989-06-06 | 1997-10-15 | 株式会社リコー | 液晶性高分子の配向方法 |
JPH0750269B2 (ja) * | 1989-07-19 | 1995-05-31 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 液晶装置 |
DE69006570T2 (de) * | 1989-10-18 | 1994-08-04 | Philips Nv | Flüssigkristall-Wiedergabeanordnung. |
US5210630A (en) * | 1989-10-18 | 1993-05-11 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Liquid-crystal display device |
US5380459A (en) * | 1990-04-20 | 1995-01-10 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device with improved viewing angle dependence of color |
US5235008A (en) * | 1990-08-03 | 1993-08-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Polymer modified adducts of epoxy resins and active hydrogen containing compounds containing mesogenic moieties |
DE4206089A1 (de) * | 1992-02-27 | 1993-09-02 | Consortium Elektrochem Ind | Optische elemente auf der basis fluessigkristalliner substanzen und ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
JP2952449B2 (ja) * | 1992-06-03 | 1999-09-27 | 日石三菱株式会社 | 液晶表示素子用補償板の製造法 |
EP0617111B1 (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1997-09-17 | Sumitomo Chemical Company Limited | Optically anisotropic material, process for producing it, and retardation plate and liquid crystal display device using same |
ATE186125T1 (de) * | 1993-09-29 | 1999-11-15 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Verzögerungsschicht mit einer an die aktive flüssigkristalzelle angepassten dispersion |
JP3934692B2 (ja) * | 1994-04-22 | 2007-06-20 | 住友化学株式会社 | 位相差フィルムとその製造方法および液晶表示装置 |
TW289769B (ko) * | 1994-04-22 | 1996-11-01 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | |
CA2195866A1 (en) * | 1994-07-26 | 1996-02-08 | Paulus Pieter De Wit | Liquid-crystalline glasses |
JP4216328B2 (ja) * | 1994-08-19 | 2009-01-28 | デジマ テック ビー.ヴィ. | 液晶ポリエーテル |
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1996
- 1996-12-16 DE DE69613001T patent/DE69613001T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1996-12-16 CA CA002241087A patent/CA2241087A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-12-16 CN CN96199195A patent/CN1097744C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-16 BR BR9612174A patent/BR9612174A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-12-16 KR KR10-1998-0704849A patent/KR100425621B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-16 EP EP96944037A patent/EP0868680B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-16 WO PCT/EP1996/005747 patent/WO1997023805A1/en active IP Right Grant
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- 1996-12-16 JP JP52331497A patent/JP4054064B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-12-16 PL PL96327231A patent/PL327231A1/xx unknown
- 1996-12-16 AU AU13768/97A patent/AU719031B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-12-16 AT AT96944037T patent/ATE201514T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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1998
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Publication number | Publication date |
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ATE201514T1 (de) | 2001-06-15 |
BR9612174A (pt) | 1999-07-13 |
EP0868680A1 (en) | 1998-10-07 |
CN1205782A (zh) | 1999-01-20 |
NO982851L (no) | 1998-08-13 |
HK1016273A1 (en) | 1999-10-29 |
AU1376897A (en) | 1997-07-17 |
NO982851D0 (no) | 1998-06-19 |
ES2158373T3 (es) | 2001-09-01 |
DE69613001D1 (de) | 2001-06-28 |
EP0868680B1 (en) | 2001-05-23 |
DE69613001T2 (de) | 2001-11-08 |
CA2241087A1 (en) | 1997-07-03 |
EA000614B1 (ru) | 1999-12-29 |
JP4054064B2 (ja) | 2008-02-27 |
PL327231A1 (en) | 1998-12-07 |
NZ325285A (en) | 1999-09-29 |
IL125013A0 (en) | 1999-01-26 |
KR19990076730A (ko) | 1999-10-15 |
MX9805095A (es) | 1998-10-31 |
WO1997023805A1 (en) | 1997-07-03 |
US6088077A (en) | 2000-07-11 |
JP2000512768A (ja) | 2000-09-26 |
CN1097744C (zh) | 2003-01-01 |
CZ196698A3 (cs) | 1999-09-15 |
EA199800594A1 (ru) | 1998-12-24 |
AU719031B2 (en) | 2000-05-04 |
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