JPS6330459B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an exterior base consisting of a base plate and a waterproof sheet on the frame of a building or structure, and provides waterproof insulation between the exterior base and the exterior material with waterproof, heat insulating and humidity control properties. The present invention relates to an exterior structure of a horizontal roofing structure in which the layer is formed into a step-like shape by laying a large number of sheathing insulation boards, and the vertical joints between the boards are covered with adhesive tape.

In the past, the exterior of a stepped roof structure, such as a roof, had a structure as shown in FIG. That is, a base plate 2 is laid on the frame 1 (rafters in the figure), fixed with nails 3, and a waterproof sheet 4 is placed on top of it.
(asphalt felt in the figure) is layered one after another to form a base 5, and on top of that, an exterior material 6 (roofing material in the figure) as shown in FIGS. It had a structure in which it was fixed in sequence through the As a result, a wedge-shaped gap A is formed between the asphalt felt 4 and the roofing material 6, and this gap A causes the roofing material 6 to deform or separate from the connection due to pressure from snow accumulation or work on the roof. There were so many things that happened. Moreover, this deformation has the disadvantage of impairing the roof's main function of waterproofing. Furthermore, deformation of the roofing material 6 causes cracks in the coating film and exposes the skin, which has the disadvantage that the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the roofing material 6 are significantly reduced. In other words, since the roofing material 6 is exposed to severe temperatures ranging from high temperatures (60 to 80°C in midsummer) to extremely cold -20°C, it has the disadvantage that even the slightest damage causes rapid deterioration. In addition, the roofing material 6 has both inside and outside air on the back side.
Since they are in contact with each other on their surfaces and become places where condensation occurs, there are drawbacks such as corrosion of the base 5 and roofing material 6. Furthermore, in this type of conventional structure, no heat insulating material was present between the base 5 and the roofing material 6, which resulted in a disadvantage of lacking energy conservation. others,
It has also been proposed to interpose plastic foam, for example polystyrene foam, in the gap A between the base 5 and the roofing material 6 to improve the heat insulation.
It had the disadvantage of deteriorating and melting due to temperatures of 60 to 80 degrees Celsius in midsummer.

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention forms a base consisting of a base board and a waterproof sheet between the exterior material and the frame, and on this base, a large number of sheathing insulation boards are arranged in a stepped manner, and the above board The vertical joints in between are covered with adhesive tape, and there is a triangular gap between the base and the above board, and on top of that, it is formed in a horizontal roofing pattern to suppress the occurrence of condensation on the surface of the base and the back of the exterior material. In addition, in the event of water leakage, the two-layer waterproof structure consisting of a waterproof sheet and a waterproof insulation layer prevents corrosion of the base and exterior materials, and the board prevents deformation of the exterior materials, making it easy to construct. This project proposes an exterior structure with

An embodiment of the exterior structure according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. That is, FIGS. 3a and 3b are a partially cutaway perspective view and a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of an exterior structure according to the present invention, for example, a roof. Note that parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are given the same symbols and numbers. In the figure, 1 is a frame, 2 is a base plate, 3 is a nail, 4 is a waterproof sheet, and 5 is a base, with a waterproof sheet 4 laid on the base plate 2. Reference numeral 6 denotes an exterior material which has a cross-sectional shape shown in FIGS. 2a to 2g and has a stepped appearance, and its height (step) h corresponds to the thickness of the waterproof and heat insulating layer 7 described below. Reference numeral 7 denotes a waterproof insulation layer (hereinafter simply referred to as insulation layer), and a rectangular sheathing insulation board (hereinafter simply referred to as board) 8 is inserted from bottom to top or from eave to ridge as shown in the figure. are fixed with nails 3 so that the upper and lower ends of the boards overlap each other and form a gap A' having a triangular longitudinal section between the back surface 8a of each board 8 and the base 5,
The exterior has a multi-step staircase structure. To explain further, the heat insulating layer 7 is made by laying and fixing a board 8 as shown in FIG. 4 as shown in FIG. 5, and covering the vertical joints with an adhesive tape 9 to be described later. In other words, the first stage 7- _n0 of the heat insulating layer 7 is connected in series (stepped pattern) with the left and right ends of the boards 8- _n0-1 , 8- _n0-2 ,...8- _n0 -n in contact with each other in this order. ). In addition, the second stage 7-n ₁ is configured in the same manner as above in the direction of arrow A in the order of boards 8-n ₁ -1, 8-n ₁ -2...8-n ₁ -n, and the lower end is Polymerize only △l, drive nail 3 from above,
The upper end is brought into contact with the base to form a gap A' having a triangular vertical section. This structure is formed in n stages up to the ridge in the direction of arrow B. In addition, the void
A' acts as an adjustment part for promoting the humidity control function of the board 8. Also, board 8
has a rectangular outer shape with a thickness t approximately equal to the height h of the exterior material 6, a width W of approximately 150 to 600 mm, and a length L of approximately 200 to 3636 mm. be. Furthermore, in order for the board 8 to function as a waterproofing material, insulation material, reinforcing material, and humidity control material, high-quality wood logs are pulped, further defibrated, and
The raw materials include refined fibers, water-resistant agents, preservatives, insect repellents, and asphalt. Moreover,
The board 8 is formed by forming a plate from this raw material, and
Its surface is coated with asphalt, or it is impregnated with asphalt before being formed into a plate. In particular, the amount of asphalt impregnated or coated is 10 to 40% (weight ratio) in consideration of waterproofness and humidity control properties. In addition, the asphalt impregnation amount was specified as 10% as above.
If it is less than 40%, it lacks waterproofness, and if it is more than 40%, the humidity control property, so-called breathability, is significantly reduced.

Next, a method of constructing an exterior structure, such as a roof, according to the present invention will be explained. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3a, a base plate 2 and a waterproof sheet 4 are laid in this order on the frame 1 to form a base 5, and a heat insulating layer 7 as shown in FIG. 5 is formed on the entire surface thereof. In this case, the nail 3 may be a screw nail or a general nail, but
Zinc nails are preferred. Further, the nails 3 fix the lower end of the board 8, the so-called overlapping part. After that, board 8
The vertical joints in between are covered with adhesive tape 9 to form a heat insulating layer 7.
It completes the following. Next, on this heat insulating layer 7, the roofing material shown in FIG _.
Roofing material 6-n ₀
-1 is fixed. By sequentially engaging or placing the left end of the roofing material 6-n ₀ -1 on the right edge of the roofing material 6-n ₀ -2 in the girder direction, the first stage board 8-n ₀ - 1...Build the first stage roof on 8-n ₀ -n. In addition, the second stage is roofing material 6−n ₁ −
1,6-n ₁ -2...6-n ₁ -n's lower end is engaged with the upper end of the first stage roofing material, and the board 8-n ₁ -1,8
-n _{1 -2} . Therefore, the roof is completed by repeating the same operations as described above from the third stage to the nth stage until the so-called heat insulating layer 7 is completely covered.

What has been described above is only one example of the exterior structure according to the present invention, and it is also possible to form the heat insulating layer 7 on the exterior wall in order starting from the base, and then construct the exterior wall material in a stepped manner. . Alternatively, the heat insulating layer 7 can be formed such that the adhesive tape 9 covers only the vertical joints between the planar portions 8b of the board 8, as shown in FIG. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7a and b, the moisture absorbing paper 1
1, or a board 8 to which a waterproof sheet 12 (provided that it has a structure in which numerous micron-sized holes are perforated to allow ventilation) may be used.

As described above, according to the exterior structure according to the present invention, it is possible to reliably form a base and a heat insulating layer between the frame and the exterior material, which have heat insulating properties, waterproof properties, and moisture control properties, so that the base due to condensation, etc. and can prevent corrosion of exterior materials. By forming a void having a triangular vertical cross section between the heat insulating layer and the base, the humidity control function of the heat insulating layer can be promoted. Since the heat insulating layer is formed in a step-like manner with steps in the thickness of the boards that make up the structure, it functions as a ruler when installing the exterior material, making it easy to install the exterior material. The insulation layer is made of waterproof, heat-insulating, and moisture-controlling boards, so
Exterior material can be attached to the stepped heat insulating layer without providing a waterproof sheet on the surface. Even when the exterior material reaches high temperatures (80℃) in midsummer, it has insulation and waterproof properties.
Humidity control properties do not deteriorate, just the softening of the asphalt. 2.Insulating layer and waterproof sheet between exterior material and frame
Because it has a heavily waterproof structure, even in the unlikely event of water leakage, rainwater will not reach the base plate or the structure.
Since the exterior material is placed and fixed on the heat insulating layer, it can sufficiently withstand external forces. Since the exterior material is roofed in a stepped manner, a three-dimensional exterior can be formed with high efficiency and without the need for skill. Since the vertical joints between the boards are sealed with adhesive tape, there is no chance of rainwater or condensation water reaching the base from the insulation layer. It has the following characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a conventional terraced roof, Figs. 2 a to g are explanatory diagrams showing longitudinal sections of commonly used exterior materials, such as roofing materials, and Figs. 3 a and b are illustrations of the present invention. A perspective view and a vertical sectional view showing an example of a roof structure when such an exterior structure is used for a roof, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a sheathing insulation board used in the present invention, and FIG. A perspective view showing a part of the waterproof insulation layer formed by the exterior structure according to the invention, FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the waterproof insulation layer, and FIGS. 7a and b are the exterior structure according to the invention. It is a perspective view showing other examples of the sheathing insulation board used in. 1...Structure, 2...Baseboard, 3...Nails, 4...
Tarpaulin sheet, 5... Base, 7... Waterproof insulation layer, 9
……Adhesive tape.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A base plate is laid on the frame of the rafters, main pillars, studs, etc. of a building or structure, a waterproof sheet is stretched over it to form the base, and a step-like waterproofing and insulation is created between the base and the exterior material. , a waterproof heat insulating layer having moisture control properties is provided, and the waterproof heat insulating layer includes a large number of sheathing insulation boards each having a rectangular outer shape, overlapping each other at the upper and lower ends thereof, and each of the above boards. The board is fixed to form a gap having a triangular vertical cross section between the back surface and the base, and the vertical joints between the boards of the waterproof heat insulating layer are covered with waterproof adhesive tape. Exterior structure featuring.