JPS6330461B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a base consisting of a base board and a waterproof sheet on the frame of a building or structure, and a waterproof, heat-insulating layer having waterproof, heat-insulating, and humidity control properties is provided between the base and the exterior material. This invention relates to an exterior structure consisting of a horizontal roofing structure in which a large number of sheathing insulation boards are laid down to form a staircase shape, and the vertical joints between the boards are covered with adhesive tape.

Conventionally, the exterior structure of a terraced roof structure, for example, the roof, had a structure as shown in FIG. That is, a base plate 2 is laid on a frame 1 (rafters in the figure), fixed with nails 3, and a waterproof sheet 4 is placed on top of it.
(asphalt felt in the figure) is layered one after another to form a base 5, and on top of that, an exterior material 6 (roofing material in the figure) as shown in FIGS. It had a structure in which it was fixed in sequence through the As a result, a wedge-shaped gap A is formed between the asphalt felt 4 and the roofing material 6, and the roofing material 6 may be deformed or the connection may come apart due to the pressure caused by snow accumulation or work on the roof. There were so many things that happened. Moreover, this deformation has the disadvantage of impairing the roof's main function of waterproofing. Furthermore, deformation of the roofing material 6 causes cracks in the coating film and exposes the skin, which has the disadvantage that the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the roofing material 6 are significantly reduced. In other words, since the roofing material 6 is exposed to severe temperatures ranging from high temperatures (60 to 80°C in midsummer) to extremely cold -20°C, it has the disadvantage that even the slightest damage causes rapid deterioration. In addition, the roofing material 6 has both inside and outside air on the back side.
Since they are in contact with each other on their surfaces and become places where condensation occurs, there are drawbacks such as corrosion of the base 5 and roofing material 6. Furthermore, in this type of conventional structure, no heat insulating material was present between the base 5 and the roofing material 6, which resulted in a disadvantage of lacking energy conservation. others,
It has also been proposed to interpose plastic foam, for example polystyrene foam, in the gap A between the base 5 and the roofing material 6 to improve the heat insulation.
It had the disadvantage of deteriorating and melting due to temperatures of 60 to 80 degrees Celsius in midsummer.

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention forms a base consisting of a base plate and a waterproof sheet between the exterior material and the frame, and a large number of sheathing insulation boards with a special cross-sectional shape are arranged in series on the base. The vertical joints between the boards are covered with adhesive tape, and the upper and lower boards are formed into a stepped shape by placing the ends of the upper boards on the overlapping notches of the lower board. At the same time, a triangular gap is formed between the board and the base to form a waterproof and heat-insulating layer, suppressing the occurrence of condensation on the surface of the base and the back of the exterior material.
In addition, in the event of water leakage, the double waterproof structure consisting of a waterproof sheet and a waterproof insulation layer prevents corrosion of the base and exterior materials, and the board prevents deformation of the exterior materials, making it easy to install. This is a proposal for an exterior structure.

An embodiment of the exterior structure according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. That is, FIGS. 3a and 3b are a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of an exterior structure according to the present invention, such as a roof, and a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the line -- of FIG. 3a. Note that parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are given the same symbols and numbers. In the figure, 1 is the frame, 2 is the base board, 3 is the nail, 4 is the waterproof sheet, 5 is the base, and the waterproof sheet 4 is placed on the base board 2.
was installed. 6 is the exterior material shown in Figure 2 a~
It has the cross-sectional shape shown in g and has a stepped roof appearance, and its height (step) h is equal to the waterproof insulation layer 7 shown below.
This corresponds to the thickness of 7 is a waterproof insulation layer (hereinafter simply referred to as insulation layer) and a sheathing insulation board (hereinafter simply referred to as board)
8 is used as a structural member, and for example, in a roof structure, a plurality of sheets are arranged in series in the direction of the girder through vertical joints 10 whose short sides are in contact, and the vertical joints 10 are covered with waterproof adhesive. Covered with tape 11, the first heat insulation layer 7-n ₀ to nth
The roof is constructed by overlapping the upper and lower ends of a plurality of stages up to the insulation layer 7-n _o-1 in a step-like manner. To explain further, the board 8 has a rectangular outer shape as shown in FIG. 4, and has an overlapping notch 9 formed on one of its longer edges. This overlapping notch 9 is used when laying the board 8 on the base 5.
This is the part on which the board 8 of the upper heat insulating layer 7 is placed. Note that if the length of the board 8 is L, the width is W, the thickness is t, the width of the overlapping notch 9 is △W, and the depth is d, W - △W is the exterior material 6
, L corresponds to the length of the exterior material 6, or is long or short;
t-d is approximately equal to the height h of the exterior material 6, and as a specific example, length L = 200 to 3636 mm, width W
=150~600mm, thickness t=3~30mm, △W=5~
20mm, d=about 2 to 20mm. Moreover, board 8
is made by turning high-quality wood into pulp to function as a waterproofing material, insulation material, reinforcing material, and humidity control material.
Further, it is made of defibrated or finely defibrated materials, water-resistant agents, preservatives, insect repellents, asphalt, etc., and formed into a plate. In addition, board 8 is a board whose surface is coated with asphalt.
Alternatively, it is impregnated with asphalt before being formed into a plate. In particular, the amount of asphalt impregnated is set at 10 to 40% (weight ratio) in consideration of humidity control and waterproofing functions. Further, in order to form the heat insulating layer 7, as shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b, from the first heat insulating layer 7-n ₀ to the second stage 7-n ₁ (not shown), the third stage, etc. The roof is constructed by repeating the construction in sequence up to the nth stage 7-n _o-1 . That is, figure a shows a part of the first stage heat insulating layer 7-n ₀ , where one of the constituent boards 8 is set as 8-n ₀ -1 and a notch 9 for polymerization is formed in the eave part. Position it upward and fix it with nails 3.
Next, the short sides of the board 8 are brought into contact with each other in the order of 8-n ₀ -2, 8-n ₀ -3, ...8-n ₀ -n, and the vertical joint part 1
0 on the base 5 in series, and the lower end portions are fixed with nails 3. After that, vertical joint part 1
0, an adhesive tape 11 is attached to cover the vertical joint portion 10. Next, as shown in figure b, the polymerization notch 9 at the upper end of the first stage heat insulating layer 7- _n0
, the board 8 constituting the second stage heat insulating layer 7- _n1
8-n ₁ -2, and the step of fixing this laminated part (overlapping part) with nails 3 is performed as 8-n ₁ -2.
. . . The layers up to 8-n ₁ -n (not shown) are constructed in the same manner as the first heat insulation layer 7-n ₀ . Therefore, in order to apply the heat insulating layer 7 to the base 5, the process is directed to the ridge as described above, and the heat insulating layer is applied in the order of the 3rd stage, the 4th stage (not shown), ... the nth stage. 7 should be formed.

Next, the exterior structure according to the present invention will be explained through a construction method. First, it is assumed that the exterior structure as shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b is constructed with a roof in the figure, and a heat insulating layer 7 is placed on a base 5 formed from a base plate 2 and a waterproof sheet 4 on a frame 1 as shown in FIG. Form in the order shown in a and b. In this case, the nail 3 may be a screw nail or a general nail, but a zinc nail is preferable. Furthermore, the nails 3 can be fixed either at the lower ends of the boards 8, the so-called overlapping part, or by fixing all the upper and lower ends of each board 8 (the former in the figure).
Fix it with. Next, the exterior material 6 as _shown in FIG. Fix n ₀ −1. The right end of the exterior material 6-n ₀ -2 is engaged with or placed on the left end of the exterior material 6-n ₀ -1, and this is fixed via the locking tool 12 in the same manner as described above. Therefore, in order to construct the exterior material 6 on the heat insulating layer 7-n ₀ , the above-mentioned steps should be performed sequentially in the direction of the eaves, in the order of the exterior material 6-n ₀ -3...6-n ₀ -n. good. In addition, the second stage of the roof, the so-called exterior material 6-n ₁ -
1, 6-n ₁ -2... The lower end of 6-n ₁ -n (not shown) is connected to the first stage exterior material 6-n ₀ -1,... 6-n ₀ -
n is engaged with the upper end of the second stage heat insulating layer 7- _n1 , and is sequentially placed on the board 8, which is each component of the second stage heat insulating layer 7-n1, and is fixed via the locking tool 12. Thatch the roof. Therefore, in order to cover the entire roof, it is sufficient to repeat the steps described above from the third stage to the nth stage (not shown) in order.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the exterior structure according to the present invention, and it is also possible to form the heat insulating layer 7 on the exterior wall in order starting from the base, and then apply the exterior material 6 in a stepped manner. It is something. Furthermore, Fig. 6a,
As shown in b, moisture absorbing paper 13 or waterproof sheet 1
4 (however, the board 8 has a structure in which a large number of micron-sized holes for ventilation are formed) can also be used.

As described above, according to the exterior structure according to the present invention, insulation between the frame and the painting material, reliable waterproofness,
Also, since a heat insulating layer having moisture control properties can be formed, corrosion of the base material and exterior material due to dew condensation etc. can be prevented. Since the heat insulating layer is formed in a step-like manner with steps in the thickness of the boards that make up the structure, it functions as a ruler when installing the exterior material, making it easier to install the exterior material. Since the board has a polymerization cutout, the lower layer polymerization cutout functions as a guide and stopper when forming the heat insulating layer at each level, making construction easier. Since the exterior material is placed and fixed on the heat insulating layer, it can sufficiently withstand external forces. Since the exterior material is roofed in a stepped manner, a three-dimensional exterior can be formed with high efficiency and without the need for skill. Since the vertical joints between the boards are coated with waterproof adhesive tape, a complete heat insulating layer can be formed between the base and the exterior material. Even when the exterior material reaches high temperatures (80 degrees Celsius) in midsummer, its insulation, waterproofing, and humidity control properties do not deteriorate beyond the softening of the asphalt. A double waterproof structure consisting of a heat insulating layer and a waterproof sheet is formed between the exterior material and the frame, so even in the unlikely event of a water leak, rainwater will not reach the base plate or the frame. It has the following characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a conventional exterior structure, such as a terraced roof; Figs.
Figures a and b are a perspective view showing an embodiment of, for example, a roof structure covered with the exterior structure according to the present invention, and a cross-sectional view taken along the - line in figure a, and Figure 4 is a sheathing insulator used in the present invention. FIGS. 5a and 5b are perspective views showing the order of laying the waterproof and heat insulating layer, and FIGS. 6a and b are other embodiments of the above board used in the exterior structure according to the present invention. FIG. 1...Structure, 2...Baseboard, 3...Nails, 4...
Waterproof sheet, 5... Base, 7... Waterproof insulation layer, 9
...Polymerization notch, 11...Adhesive tape.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A base board is laid on the frame of the rafters, main pillars, studs, etc. of a building or structure, a waterproof sheet is stretched over it to form a base, and a step-like waterproofing and insulation is created between the base and the exterior material. , a plurality of sheathing insulation boards provided with a waterproof heat insulating layer having humidity control properties, the waterproof heat insulating layer having a rectangular outer shape and having a polymerization notch at the upper end; The short sides of the board are arranged in contact with each other, the surfaces of the corresponding vertical joints are covered with adhesive tape, and the long sides are polymerized stepwise through the polymerization notch. An exterior structure characterized by being formed.