JPS6251342B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a base consisting of roofing boards and a waterproof sheet on the frame of a building or structure, and a waterproof heat insulating layer having waterproof, heat insulating and humidity control properties is provided between the base and the exterior material. This invention relates to an exterior structure in which a large number of sheathing insulation boards each having a mutually opposing structure are laid in a step-like manner at the left and right end portions in the longitudinal direction, and is horizontally roofed.

In the past, the exterior of a stepped roof structure, such as a roof, had a structure as shown in FIG. That is, a base plate 2 is laid on a frame 1 (rafters in the figure), fixed with nails 3, and a waterproof sheet 4 is placed on top of it.
(asphalt felt in the figure) is successively laid one on top of the other to form a base 5, and on top of that, for example, an exterior material 6 (roofing material in the figure) as shown in Figures 2 a to g is attached to the anchor B. It had a structure in which it was fixed in sequence through the As a result, a wedge-shaped gap A is formed between the asphalt felt 4 and the exterior material 6, and this gap A
due to snow accumulation or pressure from working on the roof.
It was very common for the exterior material 6 to deform or for the connecting parts to separate. Moreover, this deformation has the disadvantage of impairing the roof's main function of waterproofing. Further, deformation of the exterior material 6 causes cracks in the coating film and exposes the skin, which has the disadvantage that the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the roof material are significantly reduced. In other words, since the exterior material 6 is exposed to severe temperatures ranging from high temperatures (60 to 80° C. in midsummer) to extremely cold temperatures of -20° C., it has the disadvantage that even the slightest damage causes rapid deterioration. In addition, the exterior material 6 is exposed to both inside and outside air.
Since they are in contact with each other on their surfaces and become places where dew condensation occurs, there are drawbacks such as corrosion of the base 5 and exterior material 6. Furthermore, in this type of conventional structure, no heat insulating material exists between the base material 5 and the exterior material 6,
The disadvantage was that it lacked energy efficiency. In addition, it has also been proposed to interpose plastic foam, for example polystyrene foam, in the gap A between the base 5 and the exterior material 6 to improve the heat insulation.
It had the disadvantage of deteriorating and melting due to temperatures of 60 to 80 degrees Celsius in midsummer.

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention forms a base consisting of a base plate and a waterproof sheet between the exterior material and the frame, and a large number of sheathing insulation boards are arranged on this base in a stepped manner and in a longitudinal direction. The joints in the directions have a mutually interlocking structure, and there is a triangular gap between the base and the board, and it is also formed in a horizontal roofing shape to suppress the occurrence of condensation on the surface of the base and the back of the exterior material. In addition, in the event of water leakage, the double waterproof structure consisting of a waterproof sheet and a waterproof insulation layer prevents corrosion of the base and exterior materials, and the board prevents deformation of the exterior materials, making it easy to install. This paper proposes a new exterior structure.

An embodiment of the exterior structure according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. That is, FIGS. 3a and 3b are a partially cutaway perspective view and a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. Note that parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are given the same symbols and numbers. In the figure, 1 is a frame, 2 is a base plate, 3 is a nail, 4 is a waterproof sheet, and 5 is a base, with a waterproof sheet 4 laid on the base plate 2. 6 is the exterior material shown in Figure 2 a to g.
It has the cross-sectional shape shown in Figure 2, giving a stepped appearance, and its height (step) h is equal to the waterproof and heat insulating layer 7 shown below.
This corresponds to the thickness of 7 is a waterproof insulation layer (hereinafter simply referred to as insulation layer), which has a rectangular shape.
A sheathing insulation board (hereinafter simply referred to as a board) 8 containing an insect repellent and having a mutually opposed structure on both sides in the longitudinal direction is placed from bottom to top,
Alternatively, as shown in the figure, the top, bottom, left and right ends of each board 8 overlap each other as you move from the eaves to the ridge, and a gap A' with a triangular vertical section is formed between the back surface 8a of each board 8 and the base 5. It is fixed with nails 3 so as to have a multi-step appearance. To explain further, the heat insulating layer 7 is made by connecting a plurality of boards as shown in FIG. Waterproof insulation part 7-n ₀ as shown in Fig. 5,
7-n _{1 .} . . 7-n _o is stacked and overlapped with each other in the upward direction, in the so-called ridge direction in the figure, and the vertical section is formed into a step-like shape. In addition, the back side 8 of the board 8
There is a gap with a triangular vertical section between a and the base 5.
This is the mounting structure in which A' is formed. That is, the heat insulating layer 7 is formed by repeating the steps shown in FIGS. 5a to 5c. Note that the board 8 is a component, and for example, each board is 7-n ₀ -
1,7-n ₀ -2...7-n ₀ -n,7-n ₁ -1,7
-n ₁ -2...7-n ₁ -n...7-n _o -n For convenience, they are called. Therefore, in order to configure the first stage waterproof insulation part 7-n ₀ , as shown in figure a, the board 7-n ₀ -1, 7-n ₀ -2, 7-n ₀ -3, not shown 7-n ₀ -n in the order of girder direction (horizontal direction) by connecting the opposing parts and 〓 of the left and right ends in series,
Also, the upper end is brought into contact with the base 5 and the lower end is brought into contact with the Hirokomai 10, a gap A' having a triangular longitudinal section is formed between the base 5 and the back surface 8a of the board 8, and the lower end is brought into contact with the nail 3.
It should be fixed with. In addition, in order to form the second stage waterproof insulation part 7-n ₁ , as shown in figure b, the waterproof insulation part 7-n _{0 must be formed at the upper end of the waterproof insulation part 7-n 0} .
It is sufficient to overlap the lower end portion of n ₁ by Δl, bring the upper end portion into contact with the base, and fix the overlapped portion with nails 3. Furthermore, the third stage waterproof insulation part 7- _n2 is constructed as shown in Figure c, and the construction order is the same as above. Therefore, in order to form the heat insulating layer 7 on the base, the above steps may be repeated in sequence. Note that the void A' facilitates the humidity control function of the board 8. In addition, the board 8 has a thickness t of 9 to 30 mm, taking into account the step h as shown in Fig. 4.
mm, the shape is rectangular suitable for terraced roofing, width W = 150 ~ 900 mm, length L = 200 ~ 3636 mm, and the short sides, so-called left and right ends, are ΔW = 5 ~ 20 mm, Δd
= 3 to 20 mm opposing part, 〓 is formed. In addition, the board 8 functions as a waterproofing material, a heat insulating material, a reinforcing material, and a humidity control material, and is also impregnated with an insect repellent, made from high-quality wood raw wood that has been turned into pulp, and then defibrated and refined. , asphalt, etc. are used as raw materials. Moreover, the board 8 is made by forming a board from this raw material, and also by coating the surface with asphalt, impregnating asphalt before forming into the board, or using asphalt powder and refined fibers. It consists of a plate that is mixed, heated, and pressurized. In particular, asphalt impregnation,
Alternatively, the coating amount is 10 to 40% (weight ratio) in consideration of waterproofness and moisture control properties. This is because if the impregnated amount of asphalt is less than 10%, it will lack waterproofness, and if it exceeds 40%, it will not be able to expect much moisture control or breathability, and there is a risk of a decrease in insulation properties. It is caused by

Next, a method of constructing an exterior structure, such as a roof, according to the present invention will be explained. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 3a, a base plate 2 and a waterproof sheet 4 are laid in this order on the frame 1 to form a base 5, and a heat insulating layer 7 is formed on the entire surface as shown in Figs. 5a to 5c. do. In this case, the nail 3 may be a screw nail or a general nail, but a zinc nail is preferable. Further, the nails 3 are fixed either at the lower end of the board 8, the so-called overlapping part, or at all the upper and lower ends. After that _, the exterior material 6 shown in FIG _. Fix 1. By sequentially engaging or placing the left end of the roofing material 6-n ₀ -1 on the right edge of the roofing material 6-n ₀ -2 in the girder direction, the first stage board 7-n ₀ - 1...7-
Build the first roof on n ₀ -n. In addition, the second stage is roofing material 6-n ₁ -1,6-n ₁ -2...6-
Engage the lower end of n ₁ -n with the upper end of the first stage roofing material, and connect the board 7-n ₁ -1,7-n ₁ -2...7-n ₁ -
They are sequentially placed, engaged, etc. on top of n, and are fixed via locking tool B to form the second roof. Therefore, the same work as above was done for the roof from the third stage to the nth stage.
This process is completed by repeating the process until the so-called heat insulating layer 7 is completely covered.

What has been described above is only one example of the exterior structure according to the present invention, and it is also possible to form the heat insulating layer 7 on the exterior wall in order starting from the base, and then layer the exterior material 6 in a stepped manner. can. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b, a board 8 with moisture-absorbing paper 11 or a waterproof sheet 12 (which has a structure in which numerous micron-sized holes are perforated for ventilation) is attached. It can also be used.

As described above, according to the exterior structure of the present invention, a heat insulating layer is reliably formed between the frame and the exterior material by overlapping the base material, which has heat insulation, waterproofness, and moisture control properties, and the boards at the top, bottom, left and right ends. Therefore, corrosion of the base and exterior materials due to dew condensation etc. can be prevented. In addition, since the board is impregnated with insect repellent, it is healthy and free of ticks. A void having a triangular vertical cross section can be formed between the heat insulating layer and the base to promote the humidity control function of the heat insulating layer. Since the heat insulating layer is formed in a step-like manner with steps in the thickness of the boards that make up the structure, it functions as a ruler when installing the exterior material, making it easy to install the exterior material. Because the insulation layer has waterproof, heat-insulating, and moisture-control properties, exterior materials can be attached directly to the insulation layer without the need for a waterproof sheet.
Even when the exterior material reaches high temperatures (80 degrees Celsius) in midsummer, its insulation, waterproofing, and humidity control properties do not deteriorate beyond the softening of the asphalt. A double waterproof structure consisting of a heat insulating layer and a waterproof sheet is formed between the exterior material and the frame, so even in the unlikely event of a water leak, rainwater will not reach the base plate or the frame. Since the exterior material is placed and fixed on the heat insulating layer, it can sufficiently withstand external forces.
Since the exterior material is roofed in a stepped manner, a three-dimensional exterior can be formed with high efficiency and without the need for skill. It has the following characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a conventional terraced roof, Figs. 2 a to g are explanatory diagrams showing longitudinal sections of commonly used exterior materials, such as roofing materials, and Figs. 3 a and b are illustrations of the present invention. A perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a roof structure when such an exterior structure is used for a roof, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a sheathing insulation board used in the present invention, and FIGS. 6c is a perspective view showing a part of the waterproof heat insulating layer formed by the exterior structure according to the present invention, and FIGS. 6a and 6b are other embodiments of sheathing insulation boards used in the exterior structure according to the present invention. FIG. 1...Structure, 2...Baseboard, 3...Nails, 4...
Tarpaulin sheet, 5...base layer, 7...waterproof insulation layer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A base plate is laid on the frame of the rafters, main pillars, studs, etc. of a building or structure, a waterproof sheet is stretched over it to form the base, and a step-like waterproofing and insulation is created between the base and the exterior material. , a waterproof insulation layer with humidity control properties is provided, and the waterproof insulation layer is made of a large number of insect repellent-filled sheathing insulation boards that have a rectangular outer shape and have opposing parts on the left and right ends, and the upper and lower sides of the insulation board. While mutually polymerizing at the end and left and right ends,
An exterior structure characterized in that each board is fixedly formed so as to form a gap having a triangular longitudinal section between the back surface and the base.