JPS6138308B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention forms a stepped waterproof, heat-insulating layer with waterproof, heat-insulating, and moisture-controlling properties between the exterior base and exterior materials of buildings and structures, thereby preventing corrosion of the base and exterior materials. The present invention relates to an exterior construction method in which the exterior material is reinforced with the above-mentioned waterproof and heat insulating layer to form a stepped roof with a three-dimensional effect.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the exterior construction method according to the present invention will be described in detail using the drawings. That is, FIGS. 1a and 1b are a partially cutaway perspective view and a vertical cross-sectional view showing a roof constructed by the above construction method. In the figure, 1 is a rafter, 2 is a sheathing board, 3 is a nail, 4 is a roofing (waterproof layer), and 5 is a base, which is either a sheathing board 2 alone or a structure in which roofing 4 is laid on the shedding board 2. It is something. 6 is the second roofing material
The cross sections are shown in Figures a to g, and the height n corresponds to the thickness t of the waterproof and heat insulating layer described below. 7
The so-called sheathing insulation board (hereinafter simply referred to as board) 8, which is a soft fiber board impregnated with or coated with multiple pieces of asphalt, is constructed from a waterproof insulation layer formed in stages (hereinafter simply referred to as insulation layer) from the eaves to the roof. The upper and lower ends of each board are superimposed on each other, and the foamable synthetic resin raw material is discharged into the gap formed between the back surface 8a of each board and the base 5, which has a triangular vertical section, to achieve airtightness and heat insulation. A caulking layer 9 is provided to strengthen the board 8 and serve as a reinforcing material and a binding material, and the portions where the upper and lower ends of the board 8 overlap each other are fixed with nails 3.
To explain further, the heat insulating layer 7 is formed by forming a board 8 as shown in FIG. 3 as shown in FIGS. 4a to 4c. That is, before forming the first stage of waterproof insulation 7-n ₁ , the insulation layer 7 is formed by forming the Hirokomai A and the base layer 5.
In the meantime, polyurethane foam raw material (foaming ratio of 4 to 30 times in about 1 hour from cream time to gel time to rise time) is discharged into the filament 9a as shown in Figure a. Next, as shown in Figure b, the board 8 of the first stage waterproof insulation part 7-n ₁ , so-called 8 for convenience.
-n ₁ -1,8-n ₁ -2,8-n ₁ -3,...8-n ₁ -
They are laid in series in the order of n, with the left and right ends touching, and the lower ends are fixed with nails 3. In addition, as shown in Figure b, the second stage waterproof insulation part 7-n ₂ discharges the raw material 9a between the upper end surface of the first stage waterproof insulation part 7-n ₁ and the substrate, and then c Board 8—n ₂ —as shown in the figure
1,8-n ₂ -2,8-n ₂ -3,...8-n ₂ -n are laid in this order, and the overlapping parts are fixed with nails 3. Therefore, in order to form the heat insulating layer 7 on the base 5, the above steps are repeated sequentially from the eaves to the ridge. Also, considering the step h (same as the board thickness), the thickness t of the board 8 should be 9 to 30 mm.
The shape is rectangular, which is convenient for terraced roofing. In addition, the width W of the board 8 is approximately 150 to 600 mm.
mm, and the length L is set to about 200 to 3636 mm. This was chosen because of its strength, the fact that there are steps that give the appearance of a stepped roof, and the general dimensions of roofing materials. Furthermore, in order to function as a waterproofing material, a heat insulating material, a reinforcing material, and a humidity control material, the board 8 is made by pulping high-quality wood logs, and is further defibrated, refined, water-resistant, preservative, etc.
It is made from insect repellent, asphalt, etc. Moreover, the board 8 is made by forming a board from this raw material, and also by coating the surface with asphalt, impregnating asphalt before forming into the board, or using asphalt powder and refined fibers. It consists of one plate, etc., which is mixed, heated and pressurized. In particular, the amount of asphalt impregnated or coated is 10 to 40% (weight ratio) in consideration of waterproofness and moisture control properties. This means that the amount of asphalt impregnated is
This is because if it is less than 10%, it lacks waterproofness, and 40
% or more, humidity control properties, so-called breathability, are not expected to be very good, and there is a risk of a decrease in heat insulation properties.

Next, the exterior construction method according to the present invention, for example when applied to a roof, will be explained. Assume that a roof as shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b is constructed. Therefore, first, a heat insulating layer 7 as shown in FIG. 1 is formed on the base 5 in the order shown in FIGS. 4a to 4c. Next, the roofing material 6 shown in FIG _.
Roofing material 6-n 1 -1 is placed on top and the roofing material 6-n ₁ -1 is placed on
to be fixed. Roofing material 6-n ₁ The left end of -1 is roofing material 6
-n ₁ -2 boards 8-n 1 -1 to 8-n ₁ - of the first stage waterproof insulation part 7-n 1 by engaging with or placing them on the right edge of the board 8-n _{1 -1} to 8-n ₁ - in the digit direction. Roof the first stage roof 6-n ₁ on top n. In addition, the roof of the second stage is roofing material 6-n ₂ -1, 6-n ₂ -2,...6-
Engage the lower end of n ₂ -n with the upper end of the first stage roofing material, and connect the board 8-n ₂ -1, 8-n ₂ -2,...8-n ₂ -
They are sequentially placed and engaged on the roofs 6-n and fixed via the hangers 10 to form the second-stage roof 6- _n2 . Therefore, in order to completely cover the base 5 with roofing material, the same process as above can be repeated for each stage of boards from the third stage to the nth stage.

What has been described above is only one example of the exterior construction method according to the present invention, and it is also possible to form the heat insulating layer 7 on the exterior wall in order starting from the foundation, and then to roof the exterior wall material in a stepped manner. It is something.

As described above, according to the exterior construction method of the present invention, a heat insulating layer having heat insulating properties, waterproof properties, and humidity control properties is laid in stages between the base material and the exterior material, and a heat insulating layer is formed between the heat insulating layer and the base material. By interposing a caulking material that reacts and foams to fill the voids that have a triangular vertical cross section, it is possible to ensure the bonding between the boards and the integration of the heat insulation layer, and to sufficiently control humidity control. Since voids are left, no condensation occurs, and corrosion of the base and exterior materials can be prevented. Since the heat insulating layer is formed in a step-like manner with steps in the thickness of the boards that make up the structure, it functions as a ruler when installing the exterior material, making it easier to install the exterior material. The exterior material is placed on the insulation layer,
Since it is fixed, it can sufficiently withstand external forces. Since the exterior material is constructed in a stepped manner,
To form an exterior with a three-dimensional effect with high efficiency and without requiring any skill. It has the following characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1a and 1b are perspective views showing an example of a roof structure constructed using the exterior construction method according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view along the line, Figures 2 a to g are explanatory diagrams showing commonly used exterior materials, Figure 3 is an asphalt impregnated with asphalt used in the present invention,
Or a perspective view showing a coated soft fiberboard, so-called sheathing insulation board, No. 4
Figures a to c are explanatory diagrams showing the order of formation of a waterproof heat insulating layer formed by the exterior construction method according to the present invention. 1... Rafters, 2... Sheeting boards, 3... Nails, 4... Roofing, 5... Underlayment, 7... Waterproof insulation layer, 9... Caulking material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Lay rectangular sheathing insulation boards horizontally in series on the exterior base of a building or structure to form the first waterproof insulation section, and then install the upper end of the insulation section. A caulking layer is formed by discharging a foamable synthetic resin raw material that reacts with the end face and the base surface, has a slow foaming speed, and exhibits self-adhesive properties during reaction, and then forms a caulking layer on the first stage waterproof insulation section. The lower ends of the sheathing insulation boards are overlapped at the upper end with a width of Δ and arranged in series, the overlapping parts are fixed with nails, and the waterproof insulation part overlapped with the base is covered with a synthetic resin foam layer. Combined together with
A waterproof and heat insulating layer is formed by constructing these steps sequentially from the bottom to the top, and then exterior materials are sequentially roofed over the waterproof and heat insulating layer in correspondence with the steps of the waterproof and heat insulating layer. Characteristic exterior construction method.