JP7493566B2 - 筋ジストロフィーを治療するためのマイクロジストロフィン断片のアデノ随伴ウイルスベクター送達 - Google Patents
筋ジストロフィーを治療するためのマイクロジストロフィン断片のアデノ随伴ウイルスベクター送達 Download PDFInfo
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Description
No.NC_001829で提供されている。AAV-5ゲノムはGenBank Accession No.AF085716で提供されている。AAV-6の完全なゲノムはGenBank Accession No.NC_001862で提供されている。AAV-7およびAAV-8ゲノムの少なくとも一部は、それぞれGenBank Accession No.AX753246およびAX753249で提供されている(AAV-8に関連する米国特許第7282199号および7790449号も参照)。AAV-9ゲノムはGao et al.,J.Virol.x,78:6381-638
8(2004)で提供されている。AAV-10ゲノムはMol.Ther.,13(1):67-76(2006)で提供されている。AAV-11ゲノムはVirology,330(2):375-383(2004)で提供されている。AAVrh.74血清型のクローニングは、Rodino-Klapac.,et al.Journal of Translational Medicine 5, 45(2007)に記載されている。ウイルスDNA複製(rep)、キャプシド形成/パッケージング、および宿主細胞染色体組込みを指示するCis作用配列は、ITR内に含まれる。3つのAAVプロモーター(それらの相対マップ位置に対してp5、p19、およびp40と名付けられる)は、repおよびcap遺伝子をコードする2つのAAV内部オープンリーディングフレームの発現を駆動する。単一のAAVイントロンの差異的スプライシング(例えば、AAV2のヌクレオチド2107および2227において)と結合された2つのrepプロモーター(p5およびp19)は、rep遺伝子から4つのrepタンパク質(rep78、rep68、rep52、およびrep40)の産生をもたらす。Repタンパク質は、最終的にウイルスゲノムの複製に関与する複数の酵素特性を有する。cap遺伝子は、p40プロモーターから発現され、3つのカプシドタンパク質VP1、VP2、およびVP3をコードする。選択的スプライシングおよび非コンセンサス翻訳開始部位は、3つの関連カプシドタンパク質の産生に関与する。単一コンセンサスポリアデニル化部位は、AAVゲノムのマップ位置95に位置する。AAVの生活環および遺伝学は、Muzyczka,Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology,158:97-129(1992)においてレビューされている。
複数の研究により、筋肉内での長期(1.5年超)の組換えAAV媒介タンパク質発現が実証されている。Clark et al.,Hum Gene Ther,8:659-669(1997)、Kessler et al., Proc Nat. Acad Sc.USA,93:14082-14087(1996)、およびXiao et al.,J Virol,70:8098-8108(1996)を参照されたい。Chao et al.,Mol Ther,2:619-623(2000)およびChao et al.,Mol Ther,4:217-222(2001)も参照されたい。さらに、筋肉は高度に血管が新生されるため、Herzog et al.,Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,94:5804-5809(1997)およびMurphy et al.,Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,94:13921-13926(1997)に記載されているように、筋肉内注射後に組換えAAV形質導入は、トランス遺伝子産物の全身循環をもたらす。さらに、Lewis et al.,J Virol,76:8769-8775(2002)は、骨格筋繊維が正しい抗体のグリコシル化、折り畳み、および分泌に必要な細胞因子を有することを実証し、筋肉が分泌タンパク質治療薬を安定して発現できることを示している。
テロイド誘導性エレメント、または糖質コルチコイド応答エレメント(GRE)である。
これらの方法は、マイクロジストロフィンを発現するrAAVを投与するステップをさらに含んでもよい。
本発明は、例えば以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
配列番号1のヌクレオチド配列を含む組換えAAVベクター。
(項目2)
筋特異的制御エレメントをさらに含む、項目1に記載の組換えAAVベクター。
(項目3)
前記筋特異的制御エレメントが、ヒト骨格アクチン遺伝子エレメント、心臓アクチン遺伝子エレメント、筋細胞特異的エンハンサー結合因子mef、筋肉クレアチンキナーゼ(MCK)、切断型MCK(tMCK)、ミオシン重鎖(MHC)、ハイブリッドα-ミオシン重鎖エンハンサー/MCKエンハンサープロモーター(MHCK7)、C5-12、マウスクレアチンキナーゼエンハンサーエレメント、急収縮性骨格トロポニンC遺伝子エレメント、遅収縮性心筋トロポニンC遺伝子エレメント、遅収縮性トロポニンI遺伝子エレメント、低酸素誘導性核因子、ステロイド誘導性エレメントまたは糖質コルチコイド応答エレメント(GRE)である、項目2に記載の組換えAAVベクター。
(項目4)
配列番号2のヌクレオチド配列を含む、項目1~3のいずれか一項に記載の組換えAAVベクター。
(項目5)
配列番号2のヌクレオチド配列を含む、組換えAAVベクター。
(項目6)
前記ベクターが、血清型AAVrh.74、AAV1、AAV2、AAV4、AAV5、AAV6、AAV7、AAV8、AAV9、AAV10、AAV11、AAV12またはAAV13である、項目1~5のいずれか一項に記載の組換えAAVベクター。
(項目7)
項目1~6のいずれか一項に記載の組換えAAVベクターおよび担体を含む組成物。
(項目8)
項目1~6のいずれか一項に記載の組換えAAVベクターまたは項目7に記載の組成物の治療有効量を投与することを含む、筋ジストロフィーに罹患している患者の筋力または筋肉量を増加させる方法。
(項目9)
項目1~6のいずれか一項に記載の組換えAAVベクターまたは項目7に記載の組成物の治療有効量を投与することを含む、筋ジストロフィーを治療する方法。
(項目10)
前記筋ジストロフィーがデュシェンヌ型筋ジストロフィーである、項目8または9に記載の方法。
(項目11)
前記組換えAAVベクターまたは前記組成物が、筋肉内注射または静脈内注射によって投与される、項目8~10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(項目12)
前記組換えAAVベクターまたは前記組成物が全身に投与される、項目8~10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(項目13)
前記組換えAAVベクターまたは前記組成物が、注射、注入または移植により非経口投与される、項目12に記載の方法。
(項目14)
筋ジストロフィーに罹患している患者の筋力または筋肉量を増加させるための、項目1~6のいずれか一項に記載の組換えAAVベクターを含む組成物。
(項目15)
筋ジストロフィーを治療するための、項目1~6のいずれか一項に記載の組換えAAVベクターを含む組成物。
(項目16)
前記筋ジストロフィーがデュシェンヌ型筋ジストロフィーである、項目14または15に記載の組成物。
(項目17)
筋肉内注射または静脈内注射用に製剤化される、項目14~16のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
(項目18)
前記組換えAAVベクターまたは前記組成物は全身的に投与される、項目14~16のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
(項目19)
前記組換えAAVベクターまたは前記組成物は、注射、注入または移植により非経口投与される、項目18に記載の方法。
(項目20)
筋ジストロフィーに罹患している患者の筋力または筋肉量を増加させる薬剤の調製のための、項目1~6のいずれか一項に記載の組換えAAVベクターまたは項目7に記載の組成物の使用。
(項目21)
筋ジストロフィー治療薬の調製のための、項目1~6のいずれか一項に記載の組換えAAVベクターまたは項目7に記載の組成物の使用。
(項目22)
前記筋ジストロフィーがデュシェンヌ型筋ジストロフィーである、項目20または21のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
(項目23)
前記薬剤が筋肉内または静脈内投与用に製剤化される、項目20~22のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
(項目24)
前記薬剤が全身送達用に製剤化される、項目20~22のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
(項目25)
前記薬剤が、注射、注入または移植による非経口投与用に製剤化される、項目24に記載の使用。
Immunol.,158:97-129にレビューされている。様々なアプローチがRatschin et al.,Mol.Cell.Biol.4:2072(1984);Hermonat et al.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA、81:6466(1984);Tratschin et al.,Mol.Cell.Biol.5:3251(1985);McLaughlin et al.,J.Virol.,62:1963(1988);およびLebkowski et al.,Mol.Cell.Biol.,7:349(1988);Samulski et al.,J.Virol.,63:3822-3828(1989);米国特許第5173414号;国際公開第95/13365号および米国特許第5658776号;国際公開第95/13392号;国際公開第96/17947号;PCT/US98/18600;国際公開第97/09441号(PCT/US96/14423);国際公開第97/08298号(PCT/US96/13872);国際公開第97/21825号(PCT/US96/20777);国際公開第97/06243号(PCT/FR96/01064);国際公開第99/11764号;Perrin et al.Vaccine 13:1244-1250(1995);Paul et al.Human Gene Therapy 4:609-615(1993); Clark et al.Gene Therapy 3:1124-1132(1996);米国特許第5786211号;米国特許第5871982号;および米国特許第6258595号に記載されている。前述の文書は、参照によりそれらの全体が本明細書に組み込まれ、rAAV産生に関する文書の部分を特に強調する。
[実施例]
pAAV.MHCK7.マイクロジストロフィン.C末端プラスミドは、AAV2逆方向末端反復配列(ITR)が隣接するヒトマイクロジストロフィンcDNA発現カセットを含んだ。マイクロジストロフィンカセットは、細胞シグナル伝達イベントに重要な内因性結合パートナー(シントロフィン、α-ジストロブレビン、nNOS)への結合を可能にするジストロフィンのC末端ドメインを含んだ。このカセットを使った最初の作業は、心臓送達に焦点を合わせ、M260プロモーターとAAV9を利用した。心臓において非常に良好な発現および機能が達成されたが、骨格筋においてはほとんど発現しなかった(Straub&Campbell、Curr Opin Neurol 10、168-175(1997))。
Neuropathol Exp Neurol 68,762-773(2009))に記載されている、関連するクレードEウイルスrh.10と最も類似している。新たにクローニングされたmicro-dysコンストラクトは、インフレームロッド欠失によって特徴付けられる。ヒンジ1と4は残るが、最終リピート(SR24)の小断片を除き、スペクトリン類似リピートは削除された。これにより、125kDaのタンパク質を産生するNおよびC末端の完全なコーディング配列が可能になる。マイクロジストロフィンタンパク質(3275bp)は、MHCK7プロモーター(790bp)によって誘導される。コンストラクトの合計サイズは8329bpである。ウイルスベクターの産生後、マイクロジストロフィン.C末端コンストラクトの有効性をテストした。マイクロジストロフィンカセットは、mRNA終結のために53bpの小さな合成ポリAシグナルを有する。
et al.Mol Ther 15, 320-329(2007))、またAAVrh74が、骨格、横隔膜および心筋での発現を達成したことを確認した(Sondergaard etal.Annalsof Clinical and Transl Neurology 2,256-270,2015)。図1のコンストラクトのヌクレオチド配列は、AAVrh.74ビリオンにキャプシド化された。AAVrh.74血清型の分子クローンは、アカゲザルのリンパ節からクローニングされ、Rodino-Klapac et al. Journal of Translational medicine 5,45(2007)に記載されている。
発現研究は、C末端カセット(rAAVrh.74.MHCK7.マイクロジストロフィン.C末端)を含むこのヒトマイクロジストロフィンを用いて筋肉内注射より行われた。mdxマウスの前脛骨筋に1x1011vgまたは3x1011vgで注射した(n=5/群)。6週間後、筋肉を採取し、C末端ポリクローナル抗体で染色することによりジストロフィンの発現を調べた。用量研究の結果を図2に示す。1e11および3e11vgでの比較投与において、低用量と高用量の両方で良好な遺伝子発現が達成されたとしている。C末端ポリクローナル抗体によるジストロフィンの免疫組織染色は、用量依存的な発現を示した(図3)。
Claims (9)
- 配列番号1のヌクレオチド配列を含む、プラスミド。
- 筋特異的制御エレメントをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のプラスミド。
- 前記筋特異的制御エレメントが、ヒト骨格アクチン遺伝子エレメント、心臓アクチン遺伝子エレメント、筋細胞特異的エンハンサー結合因子(MEF)、筋肉クレアチンキナーゼプロモーター(MCK)、切断型MCK(tMCK)プロモーター、ミオシン重鎖(MHC)、ハイブリッドα-ミオシン重鎖エンハンサー/MCKエンハンサープロモーター(MHCK7)、C5-12、マウスクレアチンキナーゼエンハンサーエレメント、急収縮性骨格トロポニンC遺伝子エレメント、遅収縮性心筋トロポニンC遺伝子エレメント、遅収縮性トロポニンI遺伝子エレメント、低酸素誘導性核因子、ステロイド誘導性エレメント、または糖質コルチコイド応答エレメント(GRE)である、請求項2に記載のプラスミド。
- 配列番号2のヌクレオチド配列を含む、プラスミド。
- 前記プラスミドが、AAV repおよびcap遺伝子を有しない、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のプラスミド。
- 選択可能なマーカーをさらに含む、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のプラスミド。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のプラスミドを含むバクテリア性細胞。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のプラスミドを含むパッケージング細胞。
- 前記パッケージング細胞が、293細胞、MRC-5細胞、WI-38細胞、Vero細胞、及びFrhL-2細胞からなる群から選択される、請求項8に記載のパッケージング細胞。
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