JP6663291B2 - 複合材料を修理するための方法及び装置 - Google Patents
複合材料を修理するための方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6663291B2 JP6663291B2 JP2016090515A JP2016090515A JP6663291B2 JP 6663291 B2 JP6663291 B2 JP 6663291B2 JP 2016090515 A JP2016090515 A JP 2016090515A JP 2016090515 A JP2016090515 A JP 2016090515A JP 6663291 B2 JP6663291 B2 JP 6663291B2
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- temperature
- heater
- heating
- bonding interface
- piezoelectric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
- C09J5/06—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving heating of the applied adhesive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/0261—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using ultrasonic or sonic vibrations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
- B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
- B29C65/4835—Heat curing adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C73/00—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D
- B29C73/04—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D using preformed elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C73/00—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D
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- B29C73/10—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D using preformed elements using patches sealing on the surface of the article
- B29C73/12—Apparatus therefor, e.g. for applying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C73/00—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D
- B29C73/24—Apparatus or accessories not otherwise provided for
- B29C73/30—Apparatus or accessories not otherwise provided for for local pressing or local heating
- B29C73/34—Apparatus or accessories not otherwise provided for for local pressing or local heating for local heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
- B29C65/088—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using several cooperating sonotrodes, i.e. interacting with each other, e.g. for realising the same joint
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
- B29C65/5007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like
- B29C65/5028—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like being textile in woven or non-woven form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
- B29C65/5057—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/82—Testing the joint
- B29C65/8292—Testing the joint by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
- B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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- B29C66/1226—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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- B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
- B29C66/841—Machines or tools adaptable for making articles of different dimensions or shapes or for making joints of different dimensions
- B29C66/8412—Machines or tools adaptable for making articles of different dimensions or shapes or for making joints of different dimensions of different length, width or height
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
- B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
- B29C66/91216—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods enabling contactless temperature measurements, e.g. using a pyrometer
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- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
- B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
- B29C66/91951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to time, e.g. temperature-time diagrams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/9512—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools by controlling their vibration frequency
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
- B29C66/9516—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools by controlling their vibration amplitude
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
- B29C66/961—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving a feedback loop mechanism, e.g. comparison with a desired value
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
- B29C66/967—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving special data inputs or special data outputs, e.g. for monitoring purposes
- B29C66/9674—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving special data inputs or special data outputs, e.g. for monitoring purposes involving special data outputs, e.g. special data display means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C73/00—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D
- B29C73/04—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D using preformed elements
- B29C73/14—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D using preformed elements using elements composed of two parts joined together after having been placed one on each side of the article
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Description
材料を接合するための装置及び方法の様々な実施形態が、以下に説明され、関連する図に示されている。特に指定のない限り、装置や方法、及び/又は、それらの様々な部品や工程は、本明細書に記載され、図示され、及び/又は、組み込まれた構造、部品、機能、変形例の少なくとも1つを含みうるが、必須ではない。また、装置及び方法に関連させて本明細書に記載され、図示され、及び/又は、組み込まれた構造、部品、機能、変形例は、他の同様の装置又は方法に含まれうるが、必須ではない。様々な実施形態の以下の説明は、単に例示的な性質のものであり、本開示やその適用例又は用途をなんら限定することを意図するものではない。また、実施形態によってもたらされる利点を以下に説明しているが、これらは、例示的な性質のものであり、すべての実施形態が同じ利点や同じ程度の利点をもたらすとは限らない。
この実施例は、対象物に材料を接合するための例示的な装置を説明するものであり、図1を参照を参照する。
この実施例は、対象物に材料を接合するための例示的な他の装置を説明するものであり、図2〜図6を参照する。
この実施例は、材料の結合に関する加熱パラメータを決定するための例示的な方法を説明するものであり、当該方法は、本明細書に記載の任意の装置に関連させて用いられるものである。図7を参照されたい。
この実施例は、材料を接合するための例示的な硬化サイクル(又はプロセス)を説明するものであり、当該サイクルは、本明細書に記載の任意の装置に関連させて用いられるものである。図8を参照されたい。
この実施例は、材料を接合する方法を説明するものであり、図9〜図12を参照する。
この実施例は、材料を接合する別の方法を説明するものであり、図13を参照する。
この実施例は、材料を接合する別の方法を説明するものであり、図14を参照する。
この実施例は、本開示の態様によるデータ処理システム1500を説明するものである。本実施例において、データ処理システム1500は、図1〜図14に示した、及び/又は、これら図面に関連させて説明した操作や機能の1つ又は複数を実施するための例示的なデータ処理システムである。図15を参照されたい。
このセクションは、実施形態の追加の側面及び特徴を、一連の付記として説明するものであるが、限定するものではない。明確さと効率の観点から、これら付記の内の一部あるいはすべてに、英数字を用いた標示をつけている。これらの付記は、それぞれ、1つ又は複数の他の付記と、及び/又は、本出願の開示の任意の部分と任意の適当なやり方で組み合わせてもよい。以下の付記のいくつかは、他の付記に明示的に言及してさらなる限定を加えているが、これは適切な組み合わせのいくつかの例を提示しているにすぎず、限定するものではない。
対象物の表面における硬化領域内で2つの材料間に接合界面を規定することと、
前記接合界面を音波で加熱することと、を含む方法。
前記変異部に隣接させてパッチ材料を設けることと、を含み、
前記接合界面を加熱することは、少なくとも1つの超音波圧電ヒーターを前記接合領域の近傍に配備することと、
前記パッチが前記対象物に適切に接合されるまで、前記少なくとも1つの圧電ヒーターから前記接合領域に超音波を出射することと、を含む、付記A0に記載の方法。
規定された硬化領域内で複合材料同士を接合させるために超音波を出射するように構成された少なくとも1つの圧電ヒーターと、
前記超音波を前記硬化領域に向けるように構成された支持構造体と、
前記硬化領域内の複合材料の温度を監視するための温度センサーと、
前記センサーからの温度情報に基づいて、前記ヒーターの特性を調整するように構成された制御部と、を備える装置。
一実施例において、損傷領域の特定は、航空機、自転車などの対象物や他の対象物の複合材料の表面について行われる。この損傷領域から複合材料の一部を除去することによって、損傷領域に対して修理のための準備が施される。準備が施された損傷領域にパッチを配置される。真空バッグを用いて、パッチ及び準備が施された損傷領域が置かれた空間を真空にされる。並進アセンブリと、1つ又は複数の超音波ヒーターと、を含む装置を対象物の表面に取り付けて、1つ又は複数の超音波ヒーターを表面に隣接配置させる。装置を作動させることによって、パッチと準備が施された損傷領域との間の接合界面に対して、1つ又は複数の超音波ヒーターから超音波が出射される。並進アセンブリは、ヒーターが超音波を対象物に出射するにつれて、1つ又は複数の超音波ヒーターを三次元で移動させるように構成されている。装置の回路は、出射される超音波を調節することによって、加熱段階、保持段階、及び冷却段階における接合界面の温度を制御して、準備が施された損傷表面にパッチが適切に接合する。回路は、冷却段階の完了を技術者に報知してもよい。技術者は、表面から装置を取り除き、真空バッグを取り除き、パッチと対象物との間の接合を検査する。
本明細書に記載した様々な実施形態は、材料を接合するための周知の方法に対して、いくつかの利点を有する。例えば、本明細書に記載した例示的な実施形態は、対象物の既存の表面部分と、新設の表面部分との間の接合界面に超音波を当てるによって、伝熱的ではなく直接加熱することを可能にし、これによって、接合界面の温度制御を改善したり、接合界面に沿った熱分布を改善したり、誤った位置を加熱することを抑制したり、加熱速度を高めたり、硬化時間を短縮したり、熱暴走を防いだりすることができる。ただし、本明細書に記載したすべての実施形態が、同じ利点又は同じ程度の利点を有するとは限らない。
上述の開示は、独自の有用性を持つ複数の別個の開示を包含しうる。これらの開示のそれぞれを、その好ましい形態で開示しているが、本明細書に開示及び図示されたそれらの具体的な実施形態は、限定的な意味でとらえられるべきではなく、多くの変形例が存在しうる。本開示の要旨は、本明細書に開示された様々な要素、特徴、機能、及び/又は特性の、すべての新規且つ非自明の組み合わせ及びサブコンビネーションを含む。以下の特許請求の範囲は、新規且つ非自明とみなされる、いくつかの組み合わせ及びサブコンビネーションを特に示している。特徴、機能、要素、及び/又は特性の、その他の組み合わせ及びサブコンビネーションにおいて具現化される開示は、本願又は関連出願に基づく優先権を主張する出願において、特許請求の範囲に記載されうる。そのような特許請求の範囲は、異なる開示を対象としたもの、同じ開示を対象としたもの、元の特許請求の範囲よりも広いもの、狭いもの、均等のもの、又は異なるもの、のいずれであろうとも、本開示の要旨に含まれるものとみなされる。
Claims (17)
- 材料(54)同士を接合する方法であって、
対象物(12)の表面(16)における硬化領域内で2つの材料(54)間に熱硬化性接着剤を配置して接合界面(22)を規定することと、
前記接合界面(22)を音波で加熱することと、
前記接合界面(22)における前記熱硬化性接着剤がその硬化温度に所定の保持時間以上保持されることにより、前記熱硬化性接着剤が硬化して前記2つの材料(54)が接合されたことを確認することと、
前記所定の保持時間が経過した後、前記2つの材料(54)の間の接合が強度低下又は損傷しない所定の低下率で前記接合界面(22)における温度を低下させることと、を含む、方法。 - 前記接合界面(22)を加熱することは、超音波を印加することと、当該超音波を1つ又は複数の圧電ヒーターから出射することと、を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 温度センサー(32)を用いて前記接合界面(22)の温度を測定することと、当該測定温度に基づいて、前記1つ又は複数の圧電ヒーターからの超音波の出射を調節することと、をさらに含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記接合界面(22)は、前記表面(16)における窪み又は前記硬化領域の壁部を貫通する穴を含む表面部分(16)に隣接する、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 複合材料(14)の複数の層(62)を互いに接合することによって、前記表面部分(16)用のパッチ(60)を形成することをさらに含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記接合界面(22)を加熱することは、前記1つ又は複数の圧電ヒーターを三次元空間で移動させることを含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記接合界面(22)を加熱することは、前記1つ又は複数の圧電ヒーターから出射される音波の相対的な位相を調節することを含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記接合界面(22)を規定することは、対象物(12)の表面(16)であって、修理すべき変異部(46)を含む表面(16)に接合領域(42)を規定することと、前記変異部(46)に隣接させてパッチ材料(60)を設けることと、を含み、
前記接合界面を加熱することは、少なくとも1つの超音波圧電ヒーターを前記接合領域(42)の近傍に配備することと、前記パッチ(60)が前記対象物(12)に適切に接合されるまで、前記少なくとも1つの圧電ヒーターから前記接合領域(42)に超音波を出射することと、を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 第1圧電ヒーターからの超音波と第2圧電ヒーターからの超音波との位相差を制御することをさらに含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つの圧電ヒーターを空間的な三次元で移動させることをさらに含み、当該移動は、前記出射と同時に実行される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 加熱変数を、有限要素アルゴリズムを用いて前記接合領域(42)の温度応答をモデル化することによって決定することをさらに含む、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 材料(54)同士を接合するための装置(10)であって、
規定された硬化領域内で2つの複合材料(14)同士を熱硬化性接着剤を介して接合させるために超音波を出射するように構成された少なくとも1つの圧電ヒーターと、
前記超音波を前記硬化領域に向けるように構成された支持構造体(123)と、
前記硬化領域内の複合材料(14)の温度を監視するための温度センサー(32)と、
前記センサーからの温度情報に基づいて、前記ヒーターの特性を調整するように構成された制御部(30)と、を備え、
前記制御部(30)は、前記温度センサー(32)からの測定温度を用いることにより、前記硬化領域における前記熱硬化性接着剤がその硬化温度に所定の保持時間以上保持されて、前記熱硬化性接着剤が硬化して前記2つの材料(54)が接合されたことを確認するとともに、前記所定の保持時間が経過した後、前記2つの材料(54)の間の接合が強度低下又は損傷しない所定の低下率で前記硬化領域における温度を低下させるように、制御を行う、装置(10)。 - 前記支持構造体(123)は、1対の可撓性の軌条と、前記可撓性の軌条に沿って移動するように構成されたレールと、を有する並進アセンブリ(24)を含み、前記少なくとも1つの圧電ヒーターは、前記レールに取り付けられている、請求項12に記載の装置(10)。
- 前記支持構造体(123)は、前記少なくとも1つの圧電ヒーターを三次元で移動させることができる並進アセンブリ(24)を有する、請求項12に記載の装置(10)。
- 前記温度センサー(32)は、前記硬化領域内の1つ又は複数の位置の温度を測定するように構成された赤外線カメラを含む、請求項12〜14のいずれかに記載の装置(10)。
- 前記制御部(30)は、前記圧電ヒーターからの超音波の出射を調整するように構成されている、請求項12〜15のいずれかに記載の装置(10)。
- 前記制御部(30)は、前記圧電ヒーターの前記硬化領域に対する相対位置を調整するように構成されている、請求項12〜16のいずれかに記載の装置(10)。
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