JP6622192B2 - 治療薬を局所的送達するための化学構造 - Google Patents
治療薬を局所的送達するための化学構造 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6622192B2 JP6622192B2 JP2016521553A JP2016521553A JP6622192B2 JP 6622192 B2 JP6622192 B2 JP 6622192B2 JP 2016521553 A JP2016521553 A JP 2016521553A JP 2016521553 A JP2016521553 A JP 2016521553A JP 6622192 B2 JP6622192 B2 JP 6622192B2
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Description
該当なし
本発明は、標的化されていない同一器官または組織の他の部分から化学的にも生物学的にも区別することができない器官または組織の部分を選択的に標的化するための方法および組成物を提供する。本方法は、レポーター、生体適合性固体支持体と結合した結合剤を患者に移植するステップを伴う。患者に移植する結合剤は、互いに極めて高い反応速度を有する結合剤の対の半分である。レポーターを、同一器官または組織の他の標的化されていない部位から化学的にも生物学的にも区別されない器官または組織の特定の部位で移植する。次いで、治療薬または診断薬と共有結合した第2の結合剤、プローブを患者に投与する。レポーターとプローブの2つの結合剤が接触すると、反応が速くなり、共有結合が形成するので、器官または組織の標的化部位で治療薬または診断薬を共有結合する。したがって、治療上有効量の治療薬または診断薬を患者の器官または組織の標的化部位に選択的に送達することができる。
「選択的に送達する」とは、治療を必要としない器官または組織の他の部分を標的化することなく、治療薬または診断薬を治療を必要とする器官または組織の部分に送達することを指す。
本発明は、治療薬を患者の標的化器官または組織の位置に選択的に送達する方法を提供する。いくつかの実施形態では、本発明は、有効量の治療薬または診断薬を患者の標的化器官または組織の第1の位置に選択的に送達する方法であって、生体適合性固体支持体を患者の標的化器官または組織の第1の位置に移植するステップであって、固体支持体は第1の結合剤と結合しており、標的化器官または組織の第1の位置は患者の標的化器官または組織の他の位置に対して化学標的化剤によっても生物標的化剤によっても選択的に標的化することができないステップを含む方法を提供する。この方法はまた、第1の結合剤と第2の結合剤が接触すると互いに結合し、それによって有効量の治療薬または診断薬を患者の標的化器官または組織の第1の位置に選択的に送達するように、患者に第2の結合剤と結合した治療薬または診断薬を投与するステップも含む。
本発明は、上記方法を用いて患者の疾患または状態を治療する方法を提供する。いくつかの実施形態では、本発明は、患者の疾患または状態を治療する方法であって、第1の結合剤が疾患または状態の部位で第2の結合剤と接触すると、第1の結合剤と第2の結合剤が互いに結合し、疾患または状態の部位で治療上有効量の治療薬を形成するように、第1の結合剤と結合した治療薬を患者に投与するステップを含み、患者に投与する治療薬の量は第2の結合剤の非存在下で患者に投与する治療上有効量未満である方法を提供する。
本発明はまた、患者に移植するためのレポーター組成物、および患者に投与し、レポーター組成物と結合するプローブ組成物も提供する。いくつかの実施形態では、本発明は、生体適合性固体支持体と、生体適合性固体支持体と結合した少なくとも1種のシクロオクテンとを含む組成物を提供する。
本発明の組成物は、多種多様な経口、非経口および局所剤形で調製することができる。経口製剤としては、患者による消化に適した錠剤、丸剤、散剤、粉剤、糖衣錠剤、カプセル剤、液剤、ロゼンジ剤、カシェ剤、ゲル剤、シロップ剤、スラリー剤、懸濁剤等が挙げられる。本発明の組成物は、注射によって、すなわち、静脈内、筋肉内、皮内、皮下、十二指腸内または腹腔内投与することもできる。また、本明細書に記載される組成物を、吸入によって、例えば、鼻腔内投与することもできる。さらに、本発明の組成物を経皮投与することができる。本発明の組成物を、眼内、膣内および直腸内経路(坐剤を含む)、吹送、散剤およびエアゾール製剤(例えば、ステロイド吸入剤の、Rohatagi,J.Clin.Pharmacol.35:1187〜1193、1995;Tjwa、Ann.Allergy Asthma Immunol.75:107〜111、1995参照)によって投与することもできる。したがって、本発明はまた、薬学的に許容される担体または賦形剤と、本発明の化合物とを含む医薬組成物も提供する。
本発明の組成物を、経口、非経口および局所法を含む任意の適当な手段によって送達することができる。局所経路による経皮投与法は、アプリケータースティック、液剤、懸濁剤、乳剤、ゲル剤、クリーム、軟膏、ペースト、ゼリー剤、塗料、散剤およびエアゾール剤として製剤化することができる。
特記しない限り、全ての試薬およびNMR溶媒は、Sigma−Aldrich(St.Louis、MS)から購入した。化合物2はIris Biotech(Marktredwitz、ドイツ)から得た一方、化合物8はPolypure(Oslo、ノルウェー)から購入した。DOTA−NHSエステルはMacrocyclics(Dallas、Texas)から得た。シリカゲルはSilicycle(Quebec、カナダ)から購入した一方、分取TLCプレート(20×20cm;厚さ1000μm)はAnaltech(Newark、DE)から購入した。超純アルギン酸塩はProNova Biomedical(ノルウェー)から購入した。塩化[111In]インジウム溶液はPerkinElmer(Waltham、米国)から購入した。希HCl中の塩化[64Cu]銅は、ワシントン大学(St.Louis、MO)から購入した、または11MeV Siemens RDS 111サイクロトロンを用いて64Ni(p,n)64Cu核反応によって社内で製造し、陰イオン交換クロマトグラフィー(Biorad AG 1−X8)によって精製した。ダルベッコリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(DPBS)はInvitrogen Corporation(Carlsbad、CA)から購入した。
tert−ブチル(37,41−ジオキソ−41−((6−(6−(ピリジン−2−イル)−1,2,4,5−テトラジン−3−イル)ピリジン−3−イル)アミノ)−3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,33−ウンデカオキサ−36−アザヘンテトラコンチル)カルバメート(3)。2(0.39g、0.61mmol)をDMF(15mL)に溶解する。2のDMF中攪拌溶液に、1(0.20g、0.55mmol)、ベンゾトリアゾール−1−イルオキシトリス(デメチルアミノ)ホスホニウムヘキサフルオロホスフェート(BOP)(0.25g、0.55mmol)およびトリエチルアミン(0.55g、5.5mmol)を順次添加した。反応混合物を、窒素雰囲気下室温で18時間攪拌した。溶媒を低真空下で除去し、標記生成物をMeOHのCH2Cl2中勾配(0〜10%)を用いて重力シリカカラムによって精製した。収量=0.40g(74%)NMRスペクトルは、以前公開されたものと一致した(Rossin,R.;Verkerk,P.R.;van den Bosch,S.M.;Vulders,R.C.M.;Verel,I.;Lub,J.;Robillard,M.S.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2010、49、3375.Mooney、1999)。
HRMS:C57H91N13O20計算値1278.6503、実測値1278.6580。
4−(((S,E)−シクロオクタ−4−エニルオキシ)メチル)−(N−(9H−フルオレン−9−イル)メチルカルバメート)−N−(2−(2−(2−(2−(2−(2−(2−(2−(2−(2−(2−(2−アミノエトキシ)エトキシ)エトキシ)エトキシ)エトキシ)エトキシ)エトキシ)エトキシ)エトキシ)エトキシ)エトキシ)エチル)ベンズアミド(8)。化合物7(0.15g、0.58mmol)を100mL丸底フラスコ中CH2Cl2(10mL)に溶解した。7(0.50g、0.58mmol)のCH2Cl2(10mL)中溶液を添加し、引き続いてトリエチルアミン(0.3mL、2.3mmol)を添加した。反応混合物を、窒素雰囲気下室温で18時間攪拌した。次いで、溶媒を除去し、標記生成物を、溶離液として1:20 MeOH:CH2Cl2を用いて重力シリカカラムによって精製した。収量=0.19g(33%)1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.75(t,J=7.9Hz,2H)、7.68(d,J=7.4Hz,2H)、7.54(d,J=7.3Hz,2H)、7.34(d,J=7.8Hz,2H)、7.30(d,J=7.7Hz,2H)、7.23(t,J=7.4Hz,2H)、5.65〜5.39(m,2H)、4.43(dd,J1=14.4Hz,J2=5.2Hz,2H)、4.32(d,J=6.8Hz,2H)、4.14(t,J=6.9Hz,1H)、3.59〜3.34(m,48H)、2.33〜1.21(m,10H)。13C NMR(CDCl3)δ167.33、156.25、143.90、142.96、141.18、135.78、133.26、131.20、127.54、127.04、126.93、126.64、125.01、119.83、74.14、70.40、70.25、69.81、66.43、50.56、47.25、40.08、39.68、34.47、32.81、29.78、27.56。
MVGアルギン酸塩、高G含有アルギン酸塩(製造業者によって指定されるM:G比が40:60である)を試験の全てに使用した。以前記載されたカルボジイミド化学を用いて、高M−および高G含有アルギン酸塩中のカルボン酸をトランス−シクロオクテン9で修飾した。全ての反応を、0.3M NaClを含む0.1M 2−(N−モルホリノ)エタンスルホン(MES)酸緩衝液pH6.5 25mL中でアルギン酸塩250mg、濃度1%(w/v)を用いて行った。1−エチル−3−(3−ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド(EDC)12.1mg(0.063mmol)をアルギン酸塩に添加して、アルギン酸塩のウロン酸モノマーに対して1:20モル比でポリマー鎖に沿ってカルボン酸を活性化した。N−ヒドロキシスルホスクシンイミド(スルホ−NHS)6.9mg(0.032)をEDCに対して1:2モル比で共反応物質(coreactant)として添加した。アミン9(10mg、0.013mmol)をMES緩衝液1mL中反応物に添加し、アルギン酸塩を20時間反応させた。修飾アルギン酸塩を5日間にわたり大規模な透析(MWCO3500)によって精製した。次いで、アルギン酸塩を透析管から取り出し、0.22μmMillipore Sterileフィルタを用いて濾過して25mL円錐形バイアルに入れた。次いで、アルギン酸塩を冷蔵庫に1時間、次いで、−20℃冷凍庫に2時間、最後に−80℃冷凍庫に一晩入れることによって凍結させた。次いで、試料を完全に乾燥するまで(5〜10日)凍結乾燥器に入れ、次いで、必要となるまで−80℃で保管した。
テトラジン銅放射標識。塩化64Cu(0.5M HCl中5〜10μL)を0.1M酢酸アンモニウム緩衝液(pH7、50〜100μL)で希釈した。DOTAコンジュゲートテトラジン(5)を0.1M酢酸アンモニウム、pH7.0に溶解した(1.28mg/mL)。5のアリコートを適当な量の塩化[64Cu]銅と合わせ、穏やかな攪拌の下室温で10分間インキュベートした。放射性核種の完全な取り込みを放射性TLCによって監視した。HPLC精製および穏やかな加熱下での溶媒の蒸発後、64Cu−テトラジン5の放射化学的純度を放射性HPLCによって監視した。
塩化111In(0.5M HCl中5〜10μL)を0.1M酢酸アンモニウム緩衝液(pH7、50〜100μL)で希釈した。DOTAコンジュゲートテトラジン(5)を0.1M酢酸アンモニウム、pH7.0に溶解した(1.28mg/mL)。5のアリコートを適当な量の塩化[111In]インジウムと合わせ、穏やかな攪拌の下37℃で10分間インキュベートした。放射性核種の完全な取り込みを放射性TLCによって監視した。HPLC精製および穏やかな加熱下での溶媒の蒸発後、111In−テトラジン5の放射化学的純度を放射性HPLCによって監視した。
サイズ排除HPLC。アルギン酸塩骨格への化合物9の取り込みを、代理として放射標識テトラジン5を用いて定量化した。手短に言えば、2%アルギン酸塩ゲル溶液を既知の量の比放射能が測定されているテトラジン−放射性核種と混合した。ゲルに組み込まれた放射能の量を、大きい化合物(アルギン酸塩)が小さい化合物より早く溶出するサイズ排除HPLCを通して測定した。
生体分布実験。2つの生体分布試験を行った。第1の試験は、全てのスキャンを行った26時間後に64Cu−テトラジン5を用いて行った。第2の生体分布試験は、アルギン酸塩ゲルの皮下注射、引き続いてテトラジン5の静脈内注射の3時間後に111In−テトラジン5を用いて行った。
マウスに、皮下部位(右肩または左肩のいずれか)において、アルギン酸塩実験群(対照、TCO−ゲル、sTCO+ゲル)の1つの注射を受けさせた。約2時間後、マウスに64Cu−テトラジン5(0.09〜0.21mCi)の尾静脈注射を受けさせた。テトラジン5注射の1時間後、マウスに1%〜2%イソフルランで麻酔をかけ、PETスキャナを通して30分間イメージングし、次いで、CT像を回収した。静止画像を15〜30分間回収し、Inveon Research Workstationソフトウェア(Siemens Medical Solutions、Memphis、TN)によって共記載した。アルギン酸塩の初期注射の6、14および26時間後に、この工程を繰り返した。PET像を復元した。Inveon Research Workshopを用いて、小動物PET像を解析した。CT解剖学ガイドラインを用いて対象となる領域をPET像から選択し、これらに関連する活性をInveon Research Workshopソフトウェアによって測定した。
Claims (15)
- 有効量の治療薬または診断薬を患者の標的化器官または組織の第1の位置に選択的に送達する方法に使用するための、第1の結合剤と結合した生体適合性固体支持体と、第2の結合剤と結合した前記治療薬または診断薬とを含むキットであって、
前記生体適合性固体支持体が、多糖ヒドロゲル、アルギン酸塩、セルロース、ヒアルロン酸、キトサン、キチン、コンドロイチン硫酸、ヘパリン、ポリマーマトリックス、金属、セラミック、およびプラスチックからなる群から選択され、
前記第1の結合剤と第2の結合剤が、それぞれ独立して、シクロオクテンおよびテトラジンからなる群から選択され、そして
前記方法が、
(a)前記第1の結合剤と結合した前記生体適合性固体支持体を前記患者の前記標的化器官または組織の前記第1の位置に移植するステップと、ここで、前記標的化器官または組織の前記第1の位置は、前記患者の前記標的化器官または組織の他の位置に対して化学標的化剤によっても生物標的化剤によっても選択的に標的化することができないものとし;(b)前記第1の結合剤と前記第2の結合剤とが接触すると互いに結合し、それによって有効量の前記治療薬または診断薬を前記患者の前記標的化器官または組織の前記第1の位置に選択的に送達するように、前記患者に前記第2の結合剤と結合した前記治療薬または診断薬を投与するステップと
を含む、前記キット。 - 前記固体支持体が、ヒドロゲルを含む、請求項1に記載のキット。
- 前記固体支持体が、アルギン酸塩を含む、請求項1に記載のキット。
- 前記第1の結合剤と第2の結合剤の一方が、トランス−シクロオクテンであり、他方が1,2,4,5−テトラジンであるように、前記第1の結合剤と第2の結合剤が、それぞれ独立して、トランス−シクロオクテンおよび1,2,4,5−テトラジンからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載のキット。
- 前記標的化器官または組織が、骨である、請求項1に記載のキット。
- 前記標的化器官または組織の前記第1の位置での前記治療薬または診断薬の濃度が、前記患者の他の場所の濃度よりも高い、請求項1に記載のキット。
- 前記治療薬がバンコマイシンである、請求項1に記載のキット。
- 患者の疾患または状態を治療するための、第1の結合剤に結合した治療薬であって、
前記第1の結合剤が、前記疾患または状態の部位で、生体適合性固体支持体に結合した第2の結合剤と接触すると、前記第1の結合剤と第2の結合剤が互いに結合し、それによって前記疾患または状態の部位で治療上有効量の治療薬を形成し、前記患者に投与する前記治療薬の量は前記第2の結合剤の非存在下で前記患者に投与する治療上有効量未満であり、
前記生体適合性固体支持体が、多糖ヒドロゲル、アルギン酸塩、セルロース、ヒアルロン酸、キトサン、キチン、コンドロイチン硫酸、ヘパリン、ポリマーマトリックス、金属、セラミック、およびプラスチックからなる群から選択され、そして
前記第1の結合剤と第2の結合剤が、それぞれ独立して、シクロオクテンおよびテトラジンからなる群から選択される、前記治療薬。 - 前記疾患または状態が、骨髄炎である、請求項8に記載の治療薬。
- 前記治療薬が、バンコマイシンである、請求項8に記載の治療薬。
- 多糖ヒドロゲル、アルギン酸塩、セルロース、ヒアルロン酸、キトサン、キチン、コンドロイチン硫酸、ヘパリン、ポリマーマトリックス、金属、セラミック、およびプラスチックからなる群から選択される生体適合性固体支持体と;
前記生体適合性固体支持体と結合した第1の結合剤であって、前記第1の結合剤がシクロオクテンおよびテトラジンからなる群から選択される、前記の少なくとも1種の結合剤と;
を含む、患者の疾患または状態を治療するための組成物であって、
前記第1の結合剤が、前記疾患または状態の部位で治療薬と結合した第2の結合剤と接触すると、前記第1の結合剤と第2の結合剤が互いに結合し、それによって前記疾患または状態の部位で治療上有効量の治療薬を形成する、前記組成物。 - 各々の結合剤と前記生体適合性固体支持体を共有結合するリンカーをさらに含む、請求項11に記載の組成物。
- 前記固体支持体がヒドロゲルを含む、請求項11に記載の組成物。
- 前記固体支持体がアルギン酸塩を含む、請求項11に記載の組成物。
- 式:
の構造を有する、請求項11に記載の組成物。
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JP2019089794A (ja) | 2019-06-13 |
CN105611914B (zh) | 2020-09-08 |
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