JP6603115B2 - ケイ素含有縮合物、ケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物、及びパターン形成方法 - Google Patents
ケイ素含有縮合物、ケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物、及びパターン形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6603115B2 JP6603115B2 JP2015231438A JP2015231438A JP6603115B2 JP 6603115 B2 JP6603115 B2 JP 6603115B2 JP 2015231438 A JP2015231438 A JP 2015231438A JP 2015231438 A JP2015231438 A JP 2015231438A JP 6603115 B2 JP6603115 B2 JP 6603115B2
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- YPWFNLSXQIGJCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C1)C2OC1CC2 Chemical compound C(C1)C2OC1CC2 YPWFNLSXQIGJCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSHDEZHNJCSDFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CC1C2)C2C2C1C1CC2CC1 Chemical compound C(CC1C2)C2C2C1C1CC2CC1 VSHDEZHNJCSDFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
- H01L21/0273—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/42—Block-or graft-polymers containing polysiloxane sequences
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- C08G77/80—Siloxanes having aromatic substituents, e.g. phenyl side groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Description
本発明のケイ素含有縮合物は、上記一般式(A1)で示される繰り返し単位、上記一般式(A2)で示される繰り返し単位、及び上記一般式(A3)で示される繰り返し単位のいずれか1つ以上を含有するものである。本発明のケイ素含有縮合物では、上記の一般式(A1)、(A2)、(A3)で示される繰り返し単位に置換基(R1)として含まれる上記一般式(A−1)又は上記一般式(A−2)で示される基(部分構造)が、熱、酸などの作用により、反応活性種を発生させ、これらが連鎖的に重合することで、この縮合物を含むケイ素含有膜(レジスト下層膜)表面の有機性が上昇し、レジスト上層膜パターンとの密着性が良好なものとなる。
本発明のケイ素含有縮合物は、少なくとも上記一般式(A1)で示される繰り返し単位を得るための加水分解性モノマー、上記一般式(A2)で示される繰り返し単位を得るための加水分解性モノマー、及び上記一般式(A3)で示される繰り返し単位を得るための加水分解性モノマーのうち1種以上の加水分解性モノマー(あるいは、これの加水分解物又は加水分解縮合物)を含む加水分解性材料を、水中で酸性又は塩基性を示す物質を触媒として加水分解縮合することで製造することができる。
本発明のケイ素含有縮合物は、上記の加水分解性材料を無機酸、有機カルボン酸、有機スルホン酸、これらの有機基に含まれる水素原子の一つ以上をフッ素原子で置換したカルボン酸、及びこれらの有機基に含まれる水素原子の一つ以上をフッ素原子で置換したスルホン酸から選ばれる1種以上の化合物を酸性触媒として用いて、加水分解縮合を行うことで製造することができる。
また、ケイ素含有縮合物は、加水分解性材料をアルカリ性触媒の存在下、加水分解縮合を行うことで製造することができる。このとき使用されるアルカリ性触媒としては、例えば、メチルアミン、エチルアミン、プロピルアミン、ブチルアミン、エチレンジアミン、ヘキサメチレンジアミン、ジメチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、エチルメチルアミン、トリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、トリプロピルアミン、トリブチルアミン、シクロヘキシルアミン、ジシクロヘキシルアミン、モノエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、ジメチルモノエタノールアミン、モノメチルジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、ジアザビシクロオクタン、ジアザビシクロシクロノネン、ジアザビシクロウンデセン、ヘキサメチレンテトラミン、アニリン、N,N−ジメチルアニリン、ピリジン、N,N−ジメチルアミノピリジン、ピロール、ピペラジン、ピロリジン、ピペリジン、ピコリン、テトラメチルアンモニウムハイドロオキサイド、コリンハイドロオキサイド、テトラプロピルアンモニウムハイドロオキサイド、テトラブチルアンモニウムハイドロオキサイド、アンモニア、水酸化リチウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化バリウム、水酸化カルシウム等を挙げることができる。触媒の使用量は、加水分解性材料1モルに対して1×10−6モル〜10モルが好ましく、より好ましくは1×10−5モル〜5モル、更に好ましくは1×10−4モル〜1モルである。
本発明では、(A)上記の本発明のケイ素含有縮合物と、(B)上記の(A)成分以外のポリシロキサン化合物を含有するケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物を提供する。以下、各成分について詳細に説明する。
(A)成分は、上記の本発明のケイ素含有縮合物であり、詳細は上述の通りである。
(B)成分は、上記の(A)成分以外のポリシロキサン化合物である。(B)成分は、加水分解性シラン化合物を原料として、上述のケイ素含有縮合物と同様の製造方法で製造することができる。なお、原料となる加水分解性シラン化合物としては、上述のケイ素含有縮合物の製造方法において、一般式(A1)、(A2)、(A3)で示される繰り返し単位を得るための加水分解性モノマー以外の加水分解性モノマーの例として挙げた、テトラアルコキシシラン、トリアルコキシシラン、ジアルコキシシラン、及びモノアルコキシシラン等と同様のものを例示することができる。
(熱架橋促進剤)
本発明のケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物には、必要に応じて、熱架橋促進剤を添加してもよい。添加可能な熱架橋促進剤として、下記一般式(C)又は(D)で示される化合物を挙げることができる。
LaHbX (C)
(式中、Lはリチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、ルビジウム、又はセシウムであり、Xはヒドロキシ基、又は炭素数1〜30の一価もしくは二価以上の有機酸基であり、aは1以上の整数、bは0又は1以上の整数で、a+bはヒドロキシ基又は有機酸基の価数である。)
MY (D)
(式中、Mはスルホニウムイオン、ヨードニウムイオン、ホスホニウムイオン、又はアンモニウムイオンであり、Yは非求核性対向イオンである。)
本発明のケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物には、安定性を向上させるために、炭素数が1〜30の一価又は二価以上の有機酸を添加することが好ましい。このとき添加する酸としては、ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、ブタン酸、ペンタン酸、ヘキサン酸、ヘプタン酸、オクタン酸、ノナン酸、デカン酸、オレイン酸、ステアリン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸、安息香酸、フタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸、サリチル酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、モノクロロ酢酸、ジクロロ酢酸、トリクロロ酢酸、シュウ酸、マロン酸、メチルマロン酸、エチルマロン酸、プロピルマロン酸、ブチルマロン酸、ジメチルマロン酸、ジエチルマロン酸、コハク酸、メチルコハク酸、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、イタコン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、シトラコン酸、クエン酸等を例示することができる。特にシュウ酸、マレイン酸、ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、クエン酸等が好ましい。また、安定性を保つため、2種以上の酸を混合して使用してもよい。添加量は組成物に含まれるケイ素原子100質量部に対して0.001〜25質量部、好ましくは0.01〜15質量部、より好ましくは0.1〜5質量部である。
本発明のケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物には、必要に応じて、水を添加してもよい。水を添加すると、ケイ素含有縮合物が水和されるため、リソグラフィー性能が向上する。組成物の溶剤成分における水の含有率は0質量%を超え50質量%未満であり、特に好ましくは0.3〜30質量%、更に好ましくは0.5〜20質量%である。添加量がこのような範囲であれば、ケイ素含有レジスト下層膜の均一性が良好となり、はじきの発生を抑制することができ、また、リソグラフィー性能が良好となる。
本発明のケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物には、必要に応じて、光酸発生剤を添加してもよい。添加可能な光酸発生剤として、具体的には、特開2009−126940号公報(0160)〜(0179)段落に記載のものを挙げることができる。
更に、本発明のケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物には、必要に応じて、安定剤を添加してもよい。添加可能な安定剤として、環状エーテルを置換基として有する一価又は二価以上のアルコール等を挙げることができる。特に、特開2009−126940号公報(0181)〜(0182)段落に記載のものは、ケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物の安定性を向上させることができるため、好ましい。
更に、本発明のケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物には、必要に応じて、界面活性剤を添加してもよい。添加可能な界面活性剤として、具体的には、特開2009−126940号公報(0185)段落に記載のものを挙げることができる。
また、本発明では、被加工体上に塗布型有機膜材料を用いて有機膜を形成し、該有機膜の上に上記の本発明のケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物を用いてレジスト下層膜を形成し、該レジスト下層膜上にフォトレジスト組成物からなるレジスト上層膜材料を用いてレジスト上層膜を形成し、該レジスト上層膜に回路パターンを形成し、該パターンが形成されたレジスト上層膜をマスクにして前記レジスト下層膜にドライエッチングでパターンを転写し、該パターンが転写されたレジスト下層膜をマスクにして前記有機膜にドライエッチングでパターンを転写し、該パターンが転写された有機膜をマスクにして前記被加工体にドライエッチングでパターンを転写するパターン形成方法を提供する。
[合成例1−1]
メタノール200g、メタンスルホン酸0.1g、及び脱イオン水60gの混合物に、モノマー[M1−3]38.1g及びモノマー[M2−1]64.1gの混合物を添加し、12時間、40℃に保持し、加水分解縮合させた。反応終了後、プロピレングリコールエチルエーテル(PGEE)200gを加え、副生アルコールを減圧で留去した。そこに、酢酸エチル1,000mL及びPGEE300gを加え、水層を分液した。残った有機層に、イオン交換水100mLを加えて撹拌、静置、分液した。これを3回繰り返した。残った有機層を減圧で濃縮してケイ素含有縮合物1のPGEE溶液580g(化合物濃度10.6%)を得た。このケイ素含有縮合物1のポリスチレン換算分子量を測定したところ、Mw=1,510であった。
反応原料として、表1に記載のモノマーを使用する以外は合成例1−1と同様の条件でケイ素含有縮合物の合成を行い、それぞれケイ素含有縮合物2〜8を得た。
[合成例1−9]
200mLのフラスコに重合溶剤としてPGEE(プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル)14.6gを加え、窒素雰囲気下、攪拌しながら80℃に加熱した。これに、4−(トリメトキシシリル)スチレン11.22g(50.0mmol)、4−t−ブトキシスチレン8.81g(50.0mmol)、重合開始剤として、和光純薬工業社製V601 2.30gとPGEE29.1gの混合物を、80℃にて4時間かけて添加した。80℃で16時間攪拌を続けた後に、室温まで冷却し、下記構造で示されるスチレン系表面改質剤1のPGEE溶液64g(化合物濃度32%)を得た。このスチレン系表面改質剤1のポリスチレン換算分子量を測定したところ、Mw=12,300であった。
[合成例2−1]
メタノール120g、70%硝酸0.1g、及び脱イオン水60gの混合物に、モノマー[M1−1]5.0g、モノマー[M1−2]3.4g、及びモノマー[M1−3]68.5gの混合物を添加し、12時間、40℃に保持し、加水分解縮合させた。反応終了後、PGEE300gを加え、副生アルコール及び過剰の水を減圧で留去して、ポリシロキサン1のPGEE溶液320g(化合物濃度10%)を得た。このポリシロキサン1のポリスチレン換算分子量を測定したところ、Mw=2,300であった。
反応原料として、表2に記載のモノマーを使用する以外は合成例2−1と同様の条件でポリシロキサン化合物の合成を行い、それぞれポリシロキサン2、3を得た。
[ケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物溶液の調製]
上記合成例で得られた(A)成分としてのケイ素含有縮合物1〜8、スチレン系表面改質剤1、(B)成分としてのポリシロキサン1〜3、熱架橋促進剤、光酸発生剤、酸、溶剤、水を表3に示す割合で混合し、孔径0.1μmのフッ素樹脂製のフィルターで濾過することによって、ケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物溶液を調製し、それぞれSol.1〜22とした。
TPSNO3:硝酸トリフェニルスルホニウム
TPSOx:シュウ酸モノ(トリフェニルスルホニウム)
TPSTFA:トリフルオロ酢酸トリフェニルスルホニウム
TPSOCOPh:安息香酸トリフェニルスルホニウム
TPSH2PO4:リン酸モノ(トリフェニルスルホニウム)
TPSMA:マレイン酸モノ(トリフェニルスルホニウム)
TPSNf:ノナフルオロブタンスルホン酸トリフェニルスルホニウム
QMAMA:マレイン酸モノ(テトラメチルアンモニウム)
QMATFA:トリフルオロ酢酸テトラメチルアンモニウム
QBANO3:硝酸テトラブチルアンモニウム
Ph2ICl:塩化ジフェニルヨードニウム
PGEE:プロピレングリコールエチルエーテル
GBL:ガンマブチロラクトン
(パターニング試験:実施例1−1〜1−21、比較例1−1)
シリコンウエハー上に、下記のナフタレン骨格含有樹脂(ULポリマー1)組成物を回転塗布し、350℃で60秒間加熱して、膜厚200nmの有機下層膜を形成した。その上に、ケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物溶液Sol.1〜22を回転塗布し、240℃で60秒間加熱して、膜厚35nmのケイ素含有レジスト下層膜Film1〜22をそれぞれ形成した。
上記のポジ型現像によるパターニング試験(実施例1−11〜1−21)で作製したレジストパターンをマスクにして、下記の条件(1)でドライエッチングしてレジスト下層膜にパターンを転写し、次いで下記の条件(2)でドライエッチングして有機下層膜にパターンを転写した。得られたパターンの断面形状とパターンラフネスを上記の電子顕微鏡で観察した。その結果を表7に示す。
装置:東京エレクトロン(株)製ドライエッチング装置Telius SP
エッチング条件(1):
チャンバー圧力 10Pa
Upper/Lower RFパワー 500W/300W
CHF3ガス流量 50mL/min
CF4ガス流量 150mL/min
Arガス流量 100mL/min
処理時間 40sec
装置:東京エレクトロン(株)製ドライエッチング装置Telius SP
エッチング条件(2):
チャンバー圧力 2Pa
Upper/Lower RFパワー 1,000W/300W
O2ガス流量 300mL/min
N2ガス流量 100mL/min
Arガス流量 100mL/min
処理時間 30sec
(パターニング試験:実施例3−1、比較例2−1)
上記のポジ型レジストを用いたパターニング試験と同様に、シリコンウエハー上に有機下層膜を形成し、続いてケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物溶液Sol.21、22を回転塗布し、240℃で60秒間加熱して、膜厚35nmのケイ素含有レジスト下層膜Film21、22を形成した。
上記のネガ型現像によるパターニング試験(実施例3−1)で作製したレジストパターンをマスクにして、上記のポジ現像レジストパターンのエッチング試験と同様に、上記の条件(1)でドライエッチングしてレジスト下層膜にパターンを転写し、次いで上記の条件(2)でドライエッチングして有機下層膜にパターンを転写した。得られたパターンの断面形状とパターンラフネスを上記の電子顕微鏡で観察した。その結果を表10に示す。
Claims (10)
- (A)下記一般式(A1)で示される繰り返し単位、下記一般式(A2)で示される繰り返し単位、及び下記一般式(A3)で示される単位のいずれか1つ以上を含有するケイ素含有縮合物と、(B)前記(A)成分以外のポリシロキサン化合物を含有するものであることを特徴とするケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物。
- 前記(B)成分のポリシロキサン化合物が、該ポリシロキサン化合物中の全繰り返し単位のうち4官能加水分解性モノマーに由来する繰り返し単位の割合が50モル%以上のものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物。
- 前記(A)成分と前記(B)成分の質量比が、(B)≧(A)であることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載のケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物。
- 被加工体上に塗布型有機膜材料を用いて有機膜を形成し、該有機膜の上に請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載のケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物を用いてレジスト下層膜を形成し、該レジスト下層膜上にフォトレジスト組成物からなるレジスト上層膜材料を用いてレジスト上層膜を形成し、該レジスト上層膜に回路パターンを形成し、該パターンが形成されたレジスト上層膜をマスクにして前記レジスト下層膜にドライエッチングでパターンを転写し、該パターンが転写されたレジスト下層膜をマスクにして前記有機膜にドライエッチングでパターンを転写し、該パターンが転写された有機膜をマスクにして前記被加工体にドライエッチングでパターンを転写することを特徴とするパターン形成方法。
- 前記塗布型有機膜材料として、芳香環を含む化合物を含有するものを用いることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のパターン形成方法。
- 被加工体上に炭素を主成分とするハードマスクをCVD法で形成し、該CVDハードマスクの上に請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載のケイ素含有レジスト下層膜形成用組成物を用いてレジスト下層膜を形成し、該レジスト下層膜上にフォトレジスト組成物からなるレジスト上層膜材料を用いてレジスト上層膜を形成し、該レジスト上層膜に回路パターンを形成し、該パターンが形成されたレジスト上層膜をマスクにして前記レジスト下層膜にドライエッチングでパターンを転写し、該パターンが転写されたレジスト下層膜をマスクにして前記CVDハードマスクにドライエッチングでパターンを転写し、更に該パターンが転写されたCVDハードマスクをマスクにして前記被加工体にドライエッチングでパターンを転写することを特徴とするパターン形成方法。
- 前記回路パターンの形成において、波長が10nm以上300nm以下の光を用いたリソグラフィー、電子線による直接描画、ナノインプリンティング、又はこれらの組み合わせによって回路パターンを形成することを特徴とする請求項4から請求項6のいずれか一項に記載のパターン形成方法。
- 前記回路パターンの形成において、アルカリ現像又は有機溶剤現像によって回路パターンを現像することを特徴とする請求項4から請求項7のいずれか一項に記載のパターン形成方法。
- 前記被加工体が、半導体装置基板、又は該半導体装置基板上に金属膜、金属炭化膜、金属酸化膜、金属窒化膜、金属酸化炭化膜、及び金属酸化窒化膜のいずれかが成膜されたものであることを特徴とする請求項4から請求項8のいずれか一項に記載のパターン形成方法。
- 前記被加工体を構成する金属が、ケイ素、チタン、タングステン、ハフニウム、ジルコニウム、クロム、ゲルマニウム、銅、アルミニウム、インジウム、ガリウム、ヒ素、パラジウム、鉄、タンタル、イリジウム、モリブデン、又はこれらの合金であることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のパターン形成方法。
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