JP6122845B2 - 時間ベースの光活性剤の送達又は光活性マーカの存在をモニターするシステム及び方法 - Google Patents
時間ベースの光活性剤の送達又は光活性マーカの存在をモニターするシステム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6122845B2 JP6122845B2 JP2014513793A JP2014513793A JP6122845B2 JP 6122845 B2 JP6122845 B2 JP 6122845B2 JP 2014513793 A JP2014513793 A JP 2014513793A JP 2014513793 A JP2014513793 A JP 2014513793A JP 6122845 B2 JP6122845 B2 JP 6122845B2
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Description
本出願は、2011年6月2日出願の米国特許仮出願番号第61/492,553号、2011年12月5日出願の米国特許仮出願番号第61/566,976号及び2012年2月3日出願の米国特許仮出願番号第61/594,796号の利益及び優先権を主張し、その出願の内容全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
発明の分野
本発明は、角膜組織をモニターするためのシステム及び方法に関する。より詳細には、眼内の光活性剤の存在及び分布をモニターするシステム及び方法に関する。
近視、円錐角膜及び遠視といった、様々な眼障害は、角膜の異常成形を伴う。伴角膜弁レーザ角膜形成術(LASIK)は、角膜を通過する光が眼底に位置する網膜に適正に焦点を結ぶように、角膜を再形成する多くの矯正処置の1つである。LASIK眼手術では、角膜の薄いフラップを切るためにマイクロケラトームと呼ばれる器具が使用される。続いて、角膜の被覆が剥がされ、エキシマレーザで下部の角膜組織が所望の形状まで除去される。角膜の所望の再形成が実現された後、角膜フラップが所定位置に戻され、手術は完了する。
本開示の態様は、光活性マーカが存在するかどうかの眼のモニタリングを提供する。一例では、システムは、角膜組織に処置を提供する処置システムを備える。処置システムは、光活性マーカを角膜組織に適用するアプリケータを備える。また、システムは、光活性マーカで処置された角膜組織に光を方向づける励起源を備える。光は、光活性マーカに蛍光を発生させる。加えて、システムは、角膜組織に光を方向づける励起源に応じて角膜組織の1つ以上の断面画像を捕捉する画像捕捉システムを備える。それぞれの断面画像は、角膜組織のそれぞれの断面に沿って蛍光を発している光活性マーカを示す。更に、システムは、1つ以上の断面画像を受け取り、角膜組織全体の様々な深さでの光活性マーカの分布に関する情報を決定する制御装置を備える。制御装置は、処置システムに分布情報を提供する。処置システムは、分布情報に応じて角膜組織の処置を調節する。
図1は、角膜2内の角膜コラーゲン原線維の分子架橋を開始するために、架橋剤130及び活性化因子を眼1の角膜2に送達する例示的な送達システム100のブロック図を提供する。架橋は、角膜組織を安定化し、その生物力学的強度を改善することができる。送達システム100は、架橋剤130を角膜2に適用するアプリケータ132を備える。送達システム100は、光源110、及び、光を角膜2に方向づける光学素子112を備える。送達システム100は、また、アプリケータ132及び光学素子112に結合された制御装置120を備える。アプリケータ132は、角膜組織内で架橋を生じさせるために有利な角膜2上の特定のパターンに従って、架橋剤130を適用するように適合された装置とすることができる。アプリケータ132は、架橋剤130を、角膜表面2A(例えば、上皮)又は眼1の他の場所に適用することができる。特に、アプリケータ132は、角膜2を通しての中深度領域2Bへの架橋剤の移送又は浸透を容易にするために、角膜表面2Aの擦傷箇所又は切れ目に架橋剤130を適用することができる。また、アプリケータ132を、液体の小滴を眼に適用するために有用な点眼瓶又は類似した機器とすることができる。
Claims (10)
- 処置システムによって角膜組織に適用する光活性の分布を決定するシステムであり、
光活性マーカで処置された角膜組織に光を方向づける励起源であって、光が光活性マーカに蛍光を発生させる、励起源と、
角膜組織に光を方向づけている前記励起源に応じて角膜組織の1つ以上の断面画像を捕捉する画像捕捉システムであって、それぞれの断面画像が、角膜組織のそれぞれの断面に沿って蛍光を発している光活性マーカを示す、画像捕捉システムと、
1つ以上の断面画像を受け取り、角膜組織全体の様々な深さでの光活性マーカの分布に関する情報を決定する制御装置と、
を含むシステムであって、
前記励起源が、軸に沿って、角膜組織に光を方向づけ、
前記画像捕捉システムが、カメラ及びレンズを備え、
前記カメラが、前記レンズを介して、角膜組織の1つ以上の断面画像を捕捉し、
前記カメラ及び前記レンズが、光によって定められた前記軸からずれており、
前記カメラが、像面を定め、
前記レンズが、レンズ面を定め、
前記レンズ面が、前記像面から離れており、
角膜組織の1つ以上の断面画像が、カメラ及びレンズによって定められる焦点面に関連し、
像面、レンズ面及び焦点面のすべてが、共通の交点で交わるように、前記カメラ及び前記レンズが配向する、システム。 - 前記励起源が1つ以上の光のスリットとして角膜組織に光を方向づけ、前記カメラが前記1つ以上の光のスリットによって角膜組織を捕捉する、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記励起源が、角膜組織に光を選択的に方向づけるために、デジタルマイクロミラーデバイス(DMD)を備える、請求項1又は2に記載のシステム。
- 前記焦点面が、少なくとも1つのカメラによって捕捉された、処置された角膜組織に対応する角膜表面の頂点に接する面とおおよそ平行である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記共通の交点及び前記励起源が、前記角膜表面の頂点とは反対側に配置される、請求項4に記載のシステム。
- 前記励起源及び前記画像捕捉システムが、角膜組織の複数の断面画像を捕捉するために、角膜組織のまわりを回転する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記制御装置が、角膜組織全体の様々な深さでの一定時間内の光活性マーカの分布を決定し、それにより、角膜組織による光活性マーカの摂取速度を決定する、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記システムが処置システムをさらに含み、光活性マーカが、架橋剤であり、前記処置システムが、角膜組織の架橋活動を活性化するために紫外線のパターンを角膜組織に適用することによって、眼の処置を調節する、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記処置システムが、光活性マーカの所望の分布を実現するために追加的な光活性マーカを適用することによって、角膜組織の処置を調節する、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 前記共通の交点、前記カメラ及び前記レンズが、1つ以上の光のスリットと同じ側に配置される、請求項2に記載のシステム。
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