JP5543524B2 - ヘテロ芳香族化合物を含む潤滑剤組成物 - Google Patents
ヘテロ芳香族化合物を含む潤滑剤組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5543524B2 JP5543524B2 JP2012111592A JP2012111592A JP5543524B2 JP 5543524 B2 JP5543524 B2 JP 5543524B2 JP 2012111592 A JP2012111592 A JP 2012111592A JP 2012111592 A JP2012111592 A JP 2012111592A JP 5543524 B2 JP5543524 B2 JP 5543524B2
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 177
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims description 108
- 150000002390 heteroarenes Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- -1 hydrocarbyl amine Chemical class 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 53
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical group NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001408 amides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- TWBYWOBDOCUKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isonicotinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 TWBYWOBDOCUKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N picolinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006686 (C1-C24) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940081066 picolinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 39
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 39
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 37
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical group O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- XBLVHTDFJBKJLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl nicotinate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 XBLVHTDFJBKJLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 15
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 15
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 13
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 13
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000010734 process oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229940064982 ethylnicotinate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 6
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- DQULIMIQTCDUAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl pyridine-3-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 DQULIMIQTCDUAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000005266 diarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011570 nicotinamide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229960003966 nicotinamide Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NAGJZTKCGNOGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dithiophosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(S)=S NAGJZTKCGNOGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCNCCN LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- OTXHZHQQWQTQMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (diaminomethylideneamino)azanium;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O.N[NH2+]C(N)=N OTXHZHQQWQTQMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 1-oleoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GJYCVCVHRSWLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylphenol Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O GJYCVCVHRSWLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKOJTLBUDJGVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylpyridine-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CCCCC1=NC=CC=C1C(O)=O KKOJTLBUDJGVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZVUFBPOOCBYHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)C(CC1=C(C(=O)O)C=CC=N1)CCCC Chemical compound C(C)C(CC1=C(C(=O)O)C=CC=N1)CCCC ZVUFBPOOCBYHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000008378 aryl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl sebacate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052816 inorganic phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005645 linoleyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- KRPXAHXWPZLBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;diphenoxide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 KRPXAHXWPZLBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
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- XONPDZSGENTBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular hydrogen;sodium Chemical compound [Na].[H][H] XONPDZSGENTBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OWXJWNXGYIVLBV-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+) tetracarbamothioate Chemical compound C(N)([O-])=S.[Mo+4].C(N)([O-])=S.C(N)([O-])=S.C(N)([O-])=S OWXJWNXGYIVLBV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- ZLNMGXQGGUZIJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octyl-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1N(CCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZLNMGXQGGUZIJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- KHJCTWVHTQLYFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-phenyl-n-tetradecylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 KHJCTWVHTQLYFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000005152 nicotinamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000018 nitroso group Chemical group N(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ATGUVEKSASEFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-aminodiphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ATGUVEKSASEFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVTPMUHPCAUGCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCOP(O)(O)=O NVTPMUHPCAUGCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940083254 peripheral vasodilators imidazoline derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenolate Chemical compound [O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940031826 phenolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001484 phenothiazinyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003017 phosphorus Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000007686 potassium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003873 salicylate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium polysulfide Chemical compound [Na+].S HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003463 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FWMUJAIKEJWSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur dichloride Chemical compound ClSCl FWMUJAIKEJWSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003892 tartrate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007970 thio esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003558 thiocarbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M133/40—Six-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
- C10M133/56—Amides; Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M163/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
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- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
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Description
記添加剤は以下の式の化合物とNH3、アルコール、アミン又はヒドロカルビルアミンの反応生成物であり、
(1)炭化水素置換基、すなわち、脂肪族(例えば、アルキル又はアルケニル)置換基;脂環式(例えば、シクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル)置換基;芳香族、脂肪族及び脂環式で置換された芳香族置換基;及び環が分子の別の部分によってできた環状置換基(例えば、脂環式の基を共に形成する2つの置換基)、
(2)置換された炭化水素置換基、すなわち、本発明の文脈で優勢な炭化水素の置換基を変えない非炭化水素族を含む置換基(例えば、ハロ(特にクロロとフルオロ)基、ヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、メルカプト基、アルキルメルカプト基、ニトロ基、ニトロソ基、及びスルホキシ基);
(3)ヘテロ置換基、この置換基は、本発明の文脈で優勢な炭化水素の特徴を変えずに、環又は鎖に炭素以外を含むか、或いは炭素原子から成るものである。ヘテロ原子は、硫黄、酸素、窒素を含み、ピリジル基、フリル基、チエニル基、イミダゾリル基などの置換基を含む。概して、2以下、例えば1以下の非炭化水素置換基がヒドロカルビル基において10個の炭素原子毎に存在するが、ヒドロカルビル基には通常、非炭化水素置換基が存在しない。
好適な鉱油、合成油、又はこれらの混合物のいずれかからエンジン潤滑剤組成の調製に使用するに適した基油を選択してもよい。この基油は、液体石油、及び溶媒で処理又は酸で処理されたパラフィン系、ナフテン系又はパラフィン系−ナフテン系の混合タイプの鉱物潤滑油などの鉱物潤滑油と同様に、動物油及び植物油(例えば、ラード油、ヒマシ油)を含んでいてもよい。また、石炭又は頁岩から得られた油も好適であってよい。基油は、通常100℃での約2〜約15cStの粘度を有していてもよく、更なる実施例として、約2〜約10cStの粘度を有していてもよい。さらに、ガスから液体へのプロセス(gas−to−liquid process)で得られた油も好適である。
ニル、アルキル化ポリフェニルなど);及びアルキル化ジフェニルエーテル;アルキル化ジフェニル硫化物;並びにこれらの誘導体、類似体及び同族体などを含む。
れる。
また、本開示の実施形態は少なくとも1つの金属清浄剤を含んでいてもよい。清浄剤は、一般に、長い疎水性尾部を備えた極性頭部を有し、極性頭部は酸性の有機化合物の金属塩を有する。その塩は、実質的に化学量論の量の金属を含んでいてもよく、この場合、塩は、正塩又は中性塩として通常説明されるとともに、典型的に約0〜約150未満の全塩基価又はTBN(ASTM D2896によって測定する)を有する。過剰の酸化物又は水酸化物などの金属化合物が二酸化炭素などの酸性ガスと反応することで、多量の金属塩基が含まれてもよい。その結果得られた過塩基性の清浄剤は、無機の金属塩基(例えば、水酸化炭酸塩)の中心を取り囲む中和された清浄剤のミセルを有する。このような過塩基性の清浄剤は、約150以上、例えば約150〜約450以上のTBNを有していてもよい。
幾つかの適用では、潤滑剤組成の酸価を増加可能な堆積物及び他の望ましくない成分をより都合良く扱うために、潤滑剤組成の全塩基価(TBN)の増加が必要であり得る。この全塩基価を増加させる方法は、分散剤の量を増大させること、及び清浄剤の量を増大させることを含むが、これらに限定されない。分散剤は、通常、潤滑剤組成のTBNの増加に使用可能な窒素含有化合物である。しかしながら、従来の分散剤の使用量を増大させると、フッ素エラストマーシールなどのエラストマーシールとの適合性に悪影響を与え得る。高いレベルの分散剤は、エンジンシール形成に従来から用いられているエラストマー材料に有害な影響を与えることが知られているため、最少量の分散剤を使用するのが望ましい。よって、潤滑組成のTBNの30%以下の分散剤を提供してもよく、更なる実施例として、潤滑組成のTBNの25%以下の分散剤を提供してもよい。
とも約60%、例えば約70%〜約90%及びこれを超える比率の末端のビニリデン含有量を有するポリイソブチレンを意味する。好適なポリイソブテンは、BF3触媒を用いて製造されたものを含んでいてもよい。ポリアルケニル置換基の数平均分子量は広範囲にわたって異なっていてもよく、例えば、約100〜約6000、より好適には約500〜約3000の数平均分子量であってもよく、上で説明したGPCにより決定される。
添加剤パッケージ中に使用可能な分散剤は無灰分散剤を含むが、これに限定されず、この無灰分散剤は、分散する粒子に会合(associating)可能な官能基を有する、油溶性の炭化水素重合体の骨格を有する。通常、分散剤は、しばしば架橋基を介して重合体骨格に付着したアミン、アルコール、アミド、又はエステルの極性部を含む。分散剤は、特許文献10(米国特許第3,697,574号公報)と特許文献11(米国特許第3,736,357号公報)に記載されているマンニッヒ分散剤から選択してもよい。無灰スクシンイミド分散剤が特許文献12(米国特許第4,234,435号公報)と特許文献13(米国特許第4,636,322号公報)に記載されている。アミン分散剤が特許文献14(米国特許第3,219,666号公報)、特許文献15(米国特許第3,565,804号公報)、及び特許文献16(米国特許第5,633,326号公報)に記載されている。コッホ分散剤が特許文献17(米国特許第5,936,041号公報)、特許文献18(米国特許第5,643,859号公報)、及び特許文献19(米国特許第5,627,259号公報)に記載されており、ポリアルキレンスクシンイミド分散剤が特許文献20(米国特許第5,851,965号公報)、特許文献21(米国特許第5,853,434号公報)、及び特許文献22(米国特許第5,792,729号公報)に記載されている。分散剤は、様々な酸性物質、例えばカルボン酸、カルボン酸無水物、ホウ酸、メタホウ酸塩、アルコキシホウ酸塩などと更に反応してもよい。
リンベースの摩耗防止剤は、ジヒドロカルビルジチオリン酸亜鉛化合物などを含むが、これに限定されないジヒドロカルビルジチオリン酸金属化合物を有していてもよい。好適なジヒドロカルビルジチオリン酸金属はジヒドロカルビルジチオリン酸金属の塩を有していてもよく、この金属は、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、アルミニウム、鉛、スズ、モリブデン、マンガン、ニッケル、銅、又は亜鉛であってもよい。
油溶性塩であって、以下の化学式で表すことができる。
本開示の実施形態は、1つ以上の摩擦調整剤を含み得る。適切な摩擦調整剤は、金属含有、及び金属を含有していない摩擦調整剤を具備し得、また、イミダゾリン誘導体、アミド、アミン、スクシンイミド誘導体、アルコキシル化アミン、アルコキシル化エーテルア
ミン、アミンオキシド、アミドアミン、ニトリル、ベタイン、第四級アミン、イミン、アミン塩、アミノグアニジン、アルカノールアミド、ホスホネート、金属含有化合物、グリセロールエステル、などを含むがそれらに限定されない。
れているような、塩基性窒素化合物のモリブデン/硫黄錯体によって、モリブデンを提供することが可能である。
混合時間を減少させ、また、混合の失敗の可能性を減少させ得る。
いくつかの実施形態において、発泡防止剤は、組成物中における使用に適切な別の成分を形成し得る。発泡防止剤は、シリコーン、ポリアクリル酸塩などから選択され得る。本明細書中に記載のエンジン潤滑剤製剤中の消泡剤の量は、製剤の総重量に基づいて、約0.001重量%〜約0.1重量%で変化し得る。更なる例として、消泡剤は、約0.004重量%〜約0.008重量%の量で存在し得る。
酸化防止剤(oxidation inhibitors)又は抗酸化剤(antioxidants)は、使用中のベースストックの劣化傾向を減少させ、劣化は、金属表面に堆積するスラッジやワニス状の堆積物のような酸化生成物や、完成した潤滑剤の粘度増加によって証明される。そのような酸化防止剤は、米国特許第4,867,890号に記載のような、ヒンダードフェノール、硫化ヒンダードフェノール、C5〜C12アルキル側鎖を有するアルキルフェノールチオエステルのアルカリ土類金属塩、硫化アルキルフェノール、硫化または非硫化アルキルフェノールのいずれかの金属塩(例えば、カルシウムノニルフェノールスルフィド)、無灰油溶性フェネート及び硫化フェネート、リン硫化又は硫化炭化水素、リンエステル、金属チオカルバメート、及び油溶性銅化合物などを含む。
得る油又は脂の例は、コーン油、キャノーラ油、綿実油、ブドウ種子油、オリーブ油、ヤシ油、ピーナッツ油、ココナッツ油、ナタネ油、紅花種子油、ゴマ油、大豆油、ヒマワリ種子油、獣脂、及びこれらの組み合わせを含む。
ニコチン酸(3.0g、24.4mol)及び、n−ブタノール(9.0g、122mol)を共に、マグネチックスターラー及びN2雰囲気下還流冷却器を備えた、2首25mLの丸底フラスコ室温で混合する。硫酸(3.59g、36.6mmol)を、30分の期間にわたって、フラスコへ滴下した。添加が完了すると、反応混合物を85℃まで過熱し、2時間維持した。反応混合物を冷却し、氷の上に注いだ。得られた溶液を、K2CO3を用いて中和し、EtOAc(2×75mL)を用いて抽出した。有機相を、MgSO4で乾燥させ、ろ過し、濃縮して、淡黄色の液体を得た。1H NMR(500MHz、CDCl3) 9.229ppm(s)、8.774ppm(d)、8.305(d)、7.391(t)、4.369(t)、1.762(m)、1.484(m)、0.991(t)。IR 2956.6、1719.5、1590.8及び705.1cm−1。
ニコチン酸(24.6g、0、2mol)、n−ブタノール(100.0g、1.33mol)、及びヘプタン(20.1g)を、メカニカルスターラー、ディーン・スターク及び熱電対を備えた500mL反応ケトルに満たした。混合物を窒素雰囲気下で300rpmで攪拌し、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸(480mw、120g、0.25mol)を2時間以上かけて漏斗と通して滴下した。混合物を115℃まで加熱し、3時間維持した。ニコチン酸の第2の部分(24.6g、0.2mol)を粉末漏斗を介して添加し、温度を150℃へ増加させ、29.5Hgまで減圧し、1時間維持した。蒸留物を次に取り、溶媒をロータリーエバポレーターで真空下で除去し、所望の生成物を得た。このプロセスは、更に2回、同じアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸を用いて繰り返した。
n−ブタノール(177.6g、2.4mol)、ニコチン酸(98.4g、0.8mol)及びトルエン(45.0g)を、メカニカルスターラー、圧力取出トラップ、および熱電対を備えた450mLの圧力反応ケトルへ満たした。反応器は、窒素でパージし、116℃まで過熱し、封止し、次に200℃まで過熱し、6時間維持した。混合物を次に、反応ケトルから除去し、揮発性物質は60℃でロータリーエバポレーターで真空下で除去した。生成物を次に、500mLの分液漏斗内で50gのトルエン及び60.1g、4.4%のNaOHと結合させることによって精製した。有機相を次に分離し、5gのMgSO4で乾燥させ、溶媒を60℃でロータリーエバポレーターで真空下で除去し、所望の生成物を得た。
ニコチン酸(3.0g、24.4mmol)及び、2−エチルヘキサノール(15.9g、122mmol)を共に、マグネチックスターラー及びN2雰囲気下還流冷却器を備えた、2首25mLの丸底フラスコ室温で混合する。硫酸(3.59g、36.6mol)をフラスコへ30分にわたって滴下した。添加が完了すると、反応混合物を100℃まで加熱し、4時間維持した。反応混合物を冷却し、氷へ注いだ。得られた溶液を、K2CO3を用いて中和し、EtOAc(2×75mL)を用いて抽出した。有機相を、MgSO4で乾燥させ、ろ過し、濃縮して、淡黄色の液体を得た。
ニコチン酸(75g、0.61mmol)及び20gのキシレンを、表面下の窒素フロー、20gのキシレンで満たされたディーン・スターク・トラップ、およびメカニカルスターラーを備えた反応器へ満たした。2−エチルヘキシルアミン(86.2g、0.67mol)を本混合物へ滴下した。混合物を210℃まで加熱し、ディーン・スターク・ト
ラップに水が約9mL捕集されるまで維持した。混合物を次に、約12.1%の窒素を含み、3300、1636.7、1542.1、及び706cm−1において赤外線バンドを有する、暗色の残渣を提供するために、減圧除去した。
2−エチルヘキシルアルコール(215.5g、1.65mol)を、メカニカルスターラー、ディーン・スターク・トラップ、及び熱電対を具備する500mLのレジンケトルに満たした。混合物を300rpmで攪拌し、ニコチン酸(61.5g、0.5mol)を、粉末漏斗を介して、一部添加した。混合物を表面下の窒素フローを用いて200℃まで加熱し、6時間維持した。混合物を次に、表面下の窒素フローを用いて150℃まで冷却し、−15Hgまで減圧し、45分間維持した。22.9gのプロセス油を添加し、混合物を次に、窒素雰囲気下で室温まで冷却した。得られた混合物を次にCelite Hyflow及びWhatman#1のろ紙を通してろ過し、所望の生成物を得た。
ニコチン酸(75g、0.61mmol)、及び10mLのキシレンを表面下の窒素フロー、25mLのキシレンで満たしたディーン・スターク・トラップ、及びメカニカルスターラーを具備した、反応器に満たした。オレイルアミン(163.2g、0.61mol)をこの混合物に滴下した。混合物を200℃まで加熱し、ディーン・スターク・トラップに、水が約6mL捕集されるまで維持した。温度を約120℃まで下げ、混合物を次に、減圧除去し、D2896メソッドによる168.6のTBNを有し、且つ、3300.7、1626.4、1545.5、及び707.6cm−1において赤外線バンドを有する暗色残渣を得た。
グリセロールモノオーレート(142.2g、0.6mol)及びキシレン(50g)を、メカニカルスターラー、ディーン・スターク・トラップ、及び熱電対を具備する500mL反応ケトルに満たした。混合物を300rpmで攪拌し、ニコチン酸(51.7g、0.42mol)を一部、粉末漏斗を通して滴下した。反応混合物を攪拌し、表面下の窒素を用いて200℃まで加熱し、9.5時間維持した。混合物を130℃まで冷却し、28.5Hgまで減圧し、1時間維持した。混合物を次に、Celite Hyflow及びWhatman#1のろ紙を通してろ過し、所望の生成物を得た。
スクシンイミド(数平均分子量2100、368.8g、0.073mol)、及びニコチン酸エチル(16.6g、0.11mol)を、オーバーヘッドスターラー、ディーン・スターク・トラップ、及び熱電対を具備する250mLのレジンケトルに満たした。反応混合物を窒素雰囲気下で3時間150℃まで加熱した。反応混合物を、44.6gのプロセス油で希釈し、409.8gの所望の生成物を得た。
スクイシンイミド(数平均分子量値2100、368.8g、0.073mol)、及びニコチン酸エチル11.1g(0.073mol)を、オーバーヘッドスターラー、ディーン・スターク・トラップ、及び熱電対を具備する250mLのレジンケトルに満たした。反応混合物を窒素雰囲気下で3時間150℃まで加熱した。反応混合物を、44.6gのプロセス油で希釈し、382.3gの所望の生成物を得た。
オーバーヘッドスターラー、凝縮器、ディーン・スターク・トラップ及び熱電対を具備した500mLのレジンケトルを、265.1gの2100分子量のPIB無水こはく酸
(酸価0.41m当量KOH/g)及び15g(0.079mol)のテトラエチレンペンタミンを満たした。反応混合物を窒素雰囲気下で、3時間、160℃で加熱した。反応混合物を、161.7gのプロセス油で希釈し、冷却し、ろ過して、404gのスクイシンイミドBを得た。
オーバーヘッドスターラー、凝縮器、ディーン・スターク・トラップ、及び熱電対を具備した500mLのレジンケトルを、窒素雰囲気下で、332.9gの分子量1300のPIB無水こはく酸(酸価0.73m当量 KOH/g)及び、32.9g(0.17mol)のテトラエチレンペンタミンを満たした。反応混合物を攪拌しながら、窒素雰囲気下で、3時間160℃で加熱した。反応混合物を244gのプロセス油を用いて希釈し、冷却し、ろ過し、561gのスクイシンイミドCを得た。
マンニッヒ分散剤(195.3g、0.185mol、アルキルフェノール、ホルムアルデヒド、及びDETAの1:1:1比率の分子量950の反応生成物)及びニコチン酸エチル(27.95g、0.185mol)をオーバーヘッドスターラー、ディーン・スターク・トラップ及び熱電対を具備した500mLのレジンケトルに満たした。反応混合物を窒素雰囲気下で、3時間120℃で加熱した。反応混合物を235.7gのプロセス油で希釈し、502gの所望の生成物を得た。
マンニッヒ分散剤(75.5g、0.2mol、ドデシルフェノール、ホルムアルデヒド、及びDETAの1:1:1比率の分子量950の反応生成物)及び30.2g(0.2mol)ニコチン酸エチルを、オーバーヘッドスターラー、ディーン・スターク・トラップ、及び熱電対を具備した500mLのレジンケトルに満たした。反応混合物を、窒素雰囲気下で3時間120℃まで加熱した。反応生成物を96.5gのプロセス油で希釈した。
実施例16 水性抽出なしでの圧力反応器中のブチルニコチン酸の調製
N−ブタノール(133.2g、1.8mol)、ニコチン酸(73.8g、0.6mol)及びトルエン(45.0g)を、メカニカルスターラー、圧力取出トラップ、および熱電対を備えた、450mL圧力反応ケトルに満たした。反応器を、窒素でパージし、116℃まで過熱し、封止し、その後、220℃まで過熱し、6時間維持した。混合物を津フィに反応ケトルから除去し、揮発性物質を60℃でロータリーエバポレーターで真空下で除去した。生成物を次に、ブフナー漏斗上のセライトを通してろ過した。103.4gの生成物を得た。
表3に示した添加剤成分を、およそ1.0塩基数、ASTM D2896法を用いて測定するとTBN増加剤がTBNを増加させるように、適切な処理レベルで、様々なTBN増加剤を用いて表面処理した。得られた添加剤組成物は、次に、ダイムラーフッ素シール適合性テストVDA675301で概説したような、AK−6シールエラストマーの適合性試験に供した。
た。そのような全ての引用文書は、明示的に完全にここに記載されているように、この開示に完全に組み込まれる。
剤組成物のTBNを同じ程度に増加するために必要とされる灰分含有分散剤組成物の増量がなくてもTBNの増加に効果的である方法。
Claims (10)
- 請求項1記載の無灰添加剤を含む潤滑剤組成物であって、当該無灰添加剤の量は、無灰添加剤を含まない潤滑剤組成物の全塩基価(TBN)を1%〜50%増加させるのに十分な量である、潤滑剤組成物。
- 無灰添加剤の量が、前記潤滑剤組成物の総重量に基づいて、0.01〜10.0重量%の範囲で変化する、請求項3に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
- 前記ヒドロカルビルアミンは、ポリイソブテニル無水コハク酸とポリアミンの反応生成物を含み、前記ポリイソブテニル無水コハク酸の分子量が500〜3000の範囲であり、且つ、前記ポリアミンが、トリエチレンテトラミン(TETA)、テトラエチレンペンタミン(TEPA)及びそれらの異性体から選択される、請求項3に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
- 前記ヒドロカルビルアミンが、アルキルフェノール、カルボニル化合物、及びポリアミンのマンニッヒ縮合物を含む、請求項3に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
- 前記反応生成物が、ニコチン酸、イソニコチン酸、及びピコリン酸から成る群から選択される複素環酸のアミド又はエステルである、請求項7に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
- RがC1〜C24アルキル基を含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
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