JP5298011B2 - マイクロニードルのコーティング方法 - Google Patents
マイクロニードルのコーティング方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5298011B2 JP5298011B2 JP2009513965A JP2009513965A JP5298011B2 JP 5298011 B2 JP5298011 B2 JP 5298011B2 JP 2009513965 A JP2009513965 A JP 2009513965A JP 2009513965 A JP2009513965 A JP 2009513965A JP 5298011 B2 JP5298011 B2 JP 5298011B2
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
- A61M37/0015—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin by using microneedles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
- A61K9/0021—Intradermal administration, e.g. through microneedle arrays, needleless injectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C1/00015—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems
- B81C1/00206—Processes for functionalising a surface, e.g. provide the surface with specific mechanical, chemical or biological properties
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
- A61M37/0015—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin by using microneedles
- A61M2037/0053—Methods for producing microneedles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2201/00—Specific applications of microelectromechanical systems
- B81B2201/05—Microfluidics
- B81B2201/055—Microneedles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/03—Static structures
- B81B2203/0361—Tips, pillars
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
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- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Description
また、これらの提案されたマイクロニードルデバイスは、何れも高さ数十〜数百マイクロメートル程度の非常に小さな突起物を備えたデバイスであるため、薬剤の適用方法によっては薬剤の経皮吸収性や効率も大きく異なることは容易に想定できる。
しかし、厳密な位置制御と吐出制御によるマイクロニードルデバイスの一部分(マイクロニードル)にのみコーティングする方法にまでは言及されていない。一般的にインクジェット法の場合、吐出可能な量はピコリットルオーダーであり、一度にコーティングできる量は限定される。また、コーティング液の粘度もかなり低粘度側(<50cps)に限定されることから、マイクロニードルにのみ選択的に再現性良くコーティングすることは困難と考えられる。
b.コーティング液の粘度、c.マスク版とマイクロニードルの基底との間のクリアランス、d.ヘラの印圧、e.ヘラを引く速度、f.マスク版の厚さ、およびg.ヘラのマスク版へのアタック角の少なくとも一つを変化させることにより調節することができる。この場合、前記マスク版の開口部の開口径は、前記マイクロニードル挿入時の前記開口部下端におけるマイクロニードルの断面積を超える100μm2〜90000μm2とすることができる。前記コーティング液の粘度は、500cps〜60000cpsとすることができる。前記マスク版とマイクロニードルの基底との間のクリアランスは、0〜500μmとすることができる。前記ヘラの印圧は、0.001〜0.4MPaとすることができる。前記ヘラを引く速度は、2〜800mm/secとすることができる。前記マスク版の厚さは、10〜500μmとすることができる。前記ヘラのマスク版へのアタック角は、65°〜90°とすることができる。
2 マイクロニードル基板
3、21 マイクロニードル
4 コーティング
23 テーブル
24 開口部
25 マスク版
26 枠体
27 コーティング液
28 ヘラ
なお、このマイクロニードルデバイスは、生理活性物質投与を目的として限定されるものではないが、ここでは、生理活性物質を保持する手段としてコーティング担体と呼ぶこととする。また、コーティング4は、好適にはマイクロニードル3の全体または一部の表面に固着した状態とされる。
マイクロニードル3は、好適には非金属製の合成または天然の樹脂素材を用いて作製される。また、マイクロニードル3の形状は本例では円錐状であるが、本発明はこれに限定されず、四角錐等の多角錐でもよく、また別の形状でもよい。
図2は、本発明に係るマイクロニードルのコーティング方法で用いることができるスクリーン印刷装置の印刷部断面の一例を示す概念図である。本実施例では、スクリーン印刷装置およびマスク版(スクリーン版)を用いる。スクリーン印刷装置には、例えばニューロング社製のスクリーン印刷装置(例えば、LS−150TVA)を用いることができる。図示のように、複数のマイクロニードル21を有するマイクロニードルデバイス22がテーブル23上に設置されている。一方、複数の開口部24を有するマスク版25が枠体26に固定されている。開口部24へのコーティング液の充填は充填手段を用いて行われる。充填手段として本例ではヘラ28を用いる。すなわち、コーティング液27はマスク版25上でヘラ28により矢印A方向に引かれ(掃引され)、開口部24にコーティング液が充填される。このコーティング液の充填前または充填後に開口部24にマイクロニードル21が挿入される。ここで、ヘラ28は、例えばスクリーン印刷で用いられるスクレッパーやスキージを含むものであり、本実施例ではスクレッパーやスキージを用いることができる。マイクロニードル21の開口部24への挿入は、テーブル23を図の矢印B方向に動かして行ってもよいし、逆に枠体26を矢印B方向と反対方向に動かして行ってもよいし、また両者を共に動かして行ってもよい。このようにしてマイクロニードル21がコーティングされる。このコーティング方法については後で詳述する。
コーティング液をマイクロニードルに転写するタイミングとしては、マスク版へのスキージング(コーティング液の充填)と同時に転写する方法と、マスク版へ一定量のコーティング液を充填した後に転写する方法があり、コーティング液の物性やマイクロニードルの形状に応じて選択することができる。以下、この2つの方法について詳述するが、いずれの方法においてもマスク版の開口部への充填量は常に一定量が充填されることが好ましい。
別案として、図8(a)〜(c)に示すコーティング方法を用いることもできる。この方法は、コーティング液付与装置80の支持部材82に支持された密閉型ヘラ構造81内部にコーティング液27を保持し、押圧ロッド83の押圧によりマスク版25の開口部24内にコーティング液を充填する。続いてマスク版25を、保持部材75に保持されたマイクロニードル22のマイクロニードル21直下に移動させて、開口部24にマイクロニードル21を挿入する。マスク版25をマイクロニードル21直下に移動させる方法としては、マスク版25を移動させる場合と密閉型ヘラ構造81を移動させる場合のどちらを用いてもよい。マイクロニードル21を開口部24に挿入し、その後引き出すことで、マイクロニードル21へコーティングが施される。
他の既知の製剤補助物質は、それらがコーティングの必要な溶解性および粘度の特徴ならびに乾燥されたコーティングの性状および物性に有害な影響を及ぼさない限りは、コーティングに添加してもよい。
コーティング担体として日本薬局方プルランを用い、蛋白性のモデル薬剤として10〜30%BSA(Bovine serum albumin)を用いてコーティング液を調製し、マイクロニードルにコーティングを施した。各コーティング液中のプルラン濃度は20%に固定した。コーティング方法は、以下の手順にて実施した。
1.マスク版(メタルマスク)をPETライナー上に設置(マスク規格:厚100μm,開口部直径200μm正方形(1cm2)31行×31列)。
2.100μlのコーティング液をマスク上に滴下。
3.スキージングを行いマスクに形成された開口部にコーティング液を充填。
4.マイクロニードル(長さ250μm)をクリアランスが150μmになるようにマスク開口部に一時的に挿入し、その後、マスクからマイクロニードルを離すことにより、マイクロニードルの先端部にのみ薬剤をコーティング。
操作手法
各種ポリマーとBSA,OVAとを、下記の表1、表2の条件にしたがって、それぞれ混合水溶液を調製し、凝集物の発生の有無や遠心脱泡後(遠心条件は表に記載)の相分離発生の有無を確認することで、相溶性について評価した(均一な液性=○、不均一な液性=×)。表1、表2において、○印は相溶性を有するものであり、×印は相溶性を有しないものである。なお、以下の記載において%表記は重量%である。コーティング含量の測定は、上述の図2に示す方法でコーティングを行った後、1mL精製水で抽出し、BSAまたはOVA含量(付着量)を測定した。また、「不可」の記載は、ポリマーの針への付着性が認められなかったことを示す。
ライナー上に20%PVA220、20%PVA117、30%プルランの各コーティング液を厚み50μmで展膏し、面積(8cm2)に打ち抜いたものを作製し、電子天秤上に設置し、室温条件下で経時的な重量変化を測定した。図9は、上記各種ポリマー水溶液の展膏後の経時重量変化の一例を示す図である。図の横軸は放置時間(分)、縦軸は重量減少率(対初期重量)である。図9に示すように、2種のPVAは、計測時間内において、経時で重量が減少傾向を示したのに対して、プルランは初期に重量減少が見られたものの、ほぼ一定の重量値を示しており、湿潤性を保持したまま、安定した物性を示した。
設定条件
(a)コーティング液設定濃度
・プルラン濃度:5,10,20,24(%)
・BSA(モデルタンパク)濃度:20(%)固定
(b)マイクロニードル
・高さ250μm、900本/cm2、製剤面積1cm2
(c)メタルマスク版
・ピッチ:300μm,T(マスク厚):100μm,開口部:四角形状(一辺200μm)
(d)環境設定:室温,低温加湿法条件下
操作手法
上記の通り、BSA(ウシ血清アルブミン)濃度を20%に固定して、プルラン濃度を4濃度に設定したコーティング液を調製した。コーティングは上述の図4に示す方法で行った。加湿条件下、コーティング液をメタルマスク開口部にヘラにより充填した。充填した開口部にマイクロニードル(針)を進入させてコーティングされたマイクロニードルを1mL精製水で抽出し、BCA法(BSA標準)によりBSA含量(付着量)を測定した。表3および図10にその結果を示す。図10において横軸はプルラン濃度(%)、縦軸はBSA含量(μg/patch)である。
設定条件
(a)プルラン水溶液設定濃度:5〜30(%)
(b)プルランベースコーティング液設定濃度
・プルラン:10〜28.5(%)
・BSA:5〜40(%)
操作手法
上記条件に調製した水溶液の粘度を、粘度計(リオン株式会社製ビスコテスターVF−04)を用いて測定した。その結果をプルラン濃度と粘度との相関関係として図11に示す。図11に示すように、プルラン単体の水溶液では、濃度の上昇にしたがって、2次曲線的な粘度上昇が確認された。プルランとBSAとの混合では、BSA濃度が低値設定の場合には、プルランの濃度依存の粘度特性が確認され、BSA濃度が支配的な溶液条件(40%BSA・10%プルラン)では、前記のプルラン濃度依存性から逸脱した粘度となった。図11の結果から、高分子生理活性物質の溶媒に対する溶解度が低い場合等で、処方設計上、高分子生理活性物質濃度を低値設定とする際には、コーティング担体(プルラン等)の濃度を適宜設定することにより、コーティング液の粘度の制御が可能となり所望量のコーティングが可能となる。
Claims (11)
- マイクロニードルデバイスのマイクロニードルの形状およびピッチに応じて形成された複数の開口部を有する平坦なマスク版上で充填手段としてヘラを用いて前記開口部にコーティング液を充填する工程と、前記コーティング液を充填した開口部に前記マイクロニードルデバイスのマイクロニードルを挿入することにより前記マイクロニードルをコーティングする工程とを備え、または、マイクロニードルデバイスのマイクロニードルの形状およびピッチに応じて形成された複数の開口部を有する平坦なマスク版の前記開口部に前記マイクロニードルデバイスのマイクロニードルを挿入する工程と、前記マスク版上で充填手段としてヘラを用いて前記開口部にコーティング液を充填することにより前記マイクロニードルをコーティングする工程とを備え、
前記マイクロニードルのコーティング量が、
a.マスク版の開口部の開口径、
b.コーティング液の粘度、
c.マスク版とマイクロニードルの基底との間のクリアランス、
d.ヘラの印圧、
e.ヘラを引く速度、
f.マスク版の厚さ、および
g.ヘラのマスク版へのアタック角
の少なくとも一つを変化させることにより調節されるものであり、
前記マスク版の開口部の開口径が、前記マイクロニードル挿入時の前記開口部下端におけるマイクロニードルの断面積を超える100μm 2 〜90000μm 2 であるマイクロニードルのコーティング方法。 - 請求項1において、前記コーティング液の粘度が、500cps〜60000cpsであるマイクロニードルのコーティング方法。
- 請求項1において、前記マスク版とマイクロニードルの基底との間のクリアランスが、0〜500μmであるマイクロニードルのコーティング方法。
- 請求項1において、前記ヘラの印圧が、0.001〜0.4MPaであるマイクロニードルのコーティング方法。
- 請求項1において、前記ヘラを引く速度が、2〜800mm/secであるマイクロニードルのコーティング方法。
- 請求項1において、前記マスク版の厚さが、10〜500μmであるマイクロニードルのコーティング方法。
- 請求項1において、前記ヘラのマスク版へのアタック角が、65°〜90°であるマイクロニードルのコーティング方法。
- 請求項1乃至7のいずれかにおいて、前記各工程が相対湿度70.0〜100%RHにて行われるマイクロニードルのコーティング方法。
- 請求項1において、前記コーティング液が高分子生理活性物質と相溶性を有する高分子担体を含有するマイクロニードルのコーティング方法。
- 請求項9において、前記高分子担体が多糖類であるマイクロニードルのコーティング方法。
- 請求項10において、前記多糖類がプルラン、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロースおよびヒアルロン酸からなる群から選ばれる1または2以上であるマイクロニードルのコーティング方法。
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