JP5188637B2 - Sealing method for building structures - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for sealing a building structure.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a method for sealing a joint portion of a building structure, a joint portion between a sash and an opening of a building using a sealing material has been performed. Usually, a paste-like sealing material (amorphous sealing material) is filled in a joint or the like, and the sealing material is cured and sealed in the joint. When sealing using this irregular sealing material, since it is finished by forming with a spatula or the like, there is a problem that the appearance and appearance of the finished seal portion vary depending on the skill level of the operator.

  In order to solve the problem that the appearance of the finished part of the seal part varies in the case of the conventional sealing method, the present applicant forms in advance an irregularly shaped sealing material and a predetermined shape, and forms a smooth surface. A sealing method has been proposed that allows a good-looking construction to be performed regardless of the skill level of the operator by combining the fixed sealing material (see Patent Document 1). In this sealing method, the main components of the irregular sealing material and the regular sealing material are the same, and the irregular sealing material and the regular sealing material are integrated to enable reliable sealing.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-93985

  By the way, the sealing method using the above-mentioned irregular sealing material and the regular sealing material is also a method for sealing a crack (crack) portion generated on the wall surface or ceiling surface of a building structure formed of concrete or the like. Used. For example, in order to prevent water leakage from cracks in the concrete wall, the outer surface part where the cracks in the concrete wall are generated is separated into an irregular sealing material (paste) and a regular sealing material (predetermined width and thickness). And the crack portion is sealed. The amorphous sealant is for bonding the fixed sealant to the concrete wall.

  When sealing cracks in the concrete wall using an irregular sealing material and a regular sealing material, if water leaks from the crack, inject a sealing resin such as urethane resin into the crack. Stop sealing before sealing. This is because if the irregular sealing material and the regular sealing material are bonded without preventing water leakage from the crack, the sealing material swells at the portion where water leaks from the crack, and reliable sealing is not performed.

  As described above, in the conventional sealing method, when a crack portion generated in a building structure such as a concrete wall or a concrete ceiling surface is sealed, an operation of stopping water leakage of the crack portion is necessary or not required. Even when sealing is performed using a regular sealing material and a regular sealing material, there is a problem in work efficiency such that it takes about one week for the sealing material (adhesive) to cure.

  The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and a sealing method for a building structure that enables efficient and reliable sealing work when performing sealing using a fixed sealing material. The purpose is to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the following arrangement.
That is, a step of preparing a first fixed sealing material formed in a flat sheet shape and a second fixed sealing material, a step of applying a first amorphous sealing material to a work surface, The step of adhering the first fixed sealing material to the positions on both sides sandwiching the crack generated on the construction surface by the first amorphous sealing material, respectively, and over the first fixed sealing material, Bonding the second fixed sealing material with a second amorphous sealing material, curing the first amorphous sealing material and the second amorphous sealing material, and the work surface including the crack A step of fixing the first fixed sealing material and the second fixed sealing material to the work surface, with the area of the above as a space area.

  According to the sealing method of a building structure according to the present invention, sealing work can be easily and reliably performed by sealing a crack portion generated on a work surface with a fixed sealing material, and the finished seal portion is finished. Can be good.

In a reference embodiment , they are a front view (a) and a sectional view (b) of a state where a fixed sealing material is stuck on a concrete wall. In reference embodiment , it is sectional drawing which expands and shows the state which affixed the fixed sealing material on the concrete wall. It is sectional drawing (a) which shows the construction method of 1st Embodiment of the sealing method, (b), and a top view (c). It is sectional drawing which shows the construction method of 2nd Embodiment of the sealing method. It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional sealing method.

Hereinafter, an example in which the method for sealing a building structure according to the present invention is applied to a concrete wall will be described.
( Reference embodiment )
FIG. 1A is a front view of a state in which a fixed sealing material 10 is adhered to a portion of the concrete wall 5 where a crack C is generated, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view.
Concrete walls are often used for retaining walls of dams and inner walls of tunnels. With these concrete walls, as time elapses after construction, there may be a problem that water leaks from the cracks due to cracks and gaps in the joints of the concrete block and the concrete block body. .

FIG. 1 shows a state in which crack C is covered with a regular sealing material 10 and sealing processing is performed to prevent water leakage from crack C in order to prevent water leakage from crack C generated in concrete wall 5.
The structure characterized in the sealing method according to the present invention is a fixed sealing material formed as a fixed sealing material 10 to be adhered to the concrete wall 5 so that the fixed sealing material 10 does not adhere to a portion where a crack C is formed. 10 is to use. That is, in this embodiment, the fixed sealing material 10 in which the part facing the crack C is formed as the concave part 10c and the seal parts 10a and 10b bonded to the concrete wall 5 are formed on both sides of the concave part 10c is used. FIG. 1B shows a state where the fixed sealing material 10 is stuck so as to straddle the site where the crack C is formed.

  FIG. 1A shows an example in which a crack C is generated in the concrete wall 5 in the vertical direction (vertical direction). The fixed sealing material 10 is attached to the concrete wall 5 such that the seal portions 10a and 10b are arranged along the crack C extending in the vertical direction so as to sandwich the crack C, and the crack C is covered with the fixed sealing material 10. ing. The crack C is shielded from the outside with the fixed sealing material 10 adhered. In FIG. 1A, the boundary position between the crack C and the recess 10c is indicated by a broken line.

  Cracks that occur in the concrete wall do not always occur in the vertical direction, but when a retaining wall is constructed with a concrete wall, construction is generally performed in blocks of a specific size. The cracks that occur often occur in the vertical or horizontal direction. Also, cracks often occur in a linearly continuous state. FIG. 1A shows an example in which a crack is generated in the vertical direction. However, even if the crack is in a horizontal direction or an inclined direction, the fixed sealing material 10 is in the direction of the crack. The fixed sealing material 10 is stuck so that the longitudinal directions coincide.

In FIG. 2, the state (sectional drawing) which affixed the fixed sealing material 10 on the concrete wall 5 is expanded and shown. The fixed sealing material 10 is attached to the outer surface of the concrete wall 5 via a primer 12 applied to the outer surface of the concrete wall 5 and an amorphous sealing material 14. The amorphous sealing material 14 is provided as a paste-like material, and the fixed sealing material 10 is fixed to the concrete wall surface by bonding the fixed sealing material 10 and then curing it.
As the irregular sealing material 14, a material made of a material having the same main composition as the regular sealing material 10 is used. The reason for using the irregular sealing material 14 made of such a material is to firmly fix the regular sealing material 10 to the concrete wall surface.

The method of sticking the fixed sealing material 10 on the concrete wall 5 is performed as follows.
First, a fixed sealing material 10 having a size corresponding to the position of a crack generated in the concrete wall 5 and the size (length) of the crack is prepared (step of preparing a fixed sealing material). A concave portion 10c facing the region where the crack C is formed is formed at the center in the width direction of the fixed sealant 10 so as to communicate with the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the fixed sealant 10, and seal portions 10a are formed on both sides of the concave portion 10c. 10b is formed. The seal portions 10a and 10b are formed so as to ensure a certain width so as to obtain a required adhesive force. For example, a fixed sealing material 10 is prepared in which the total width of the fixed sealing material 10 is 200 mm, the width of the seal portions 10a and 10b is 70 mm, and the width of the recess 10c is 60 mm. The thickness of the fixed sealing material 10 is about 5 to 10 mm.

  The fixed sealing material 10 is obtained by cutting a long sheet body (concave portion 10c is formed) made of silicone rubber into a predetermined length. Since silicone rubber has flexibility, it has the advantage that it is easy to stick along the unevenness of the outer surface of the concrete wall 5, and has the advantage that it is highly weather resistant and can be suitably used as an outdoor sealing material. Further, the method of preparing the fixed sealing material 10 from the material provided as a long sheet body can be prepared in a much shorter time than the method of forming the fixed sealing material 10 using a mold or the like. There is an advantage.

Conventionally, a wide and long architectural sealant made of silicone rubber or the like, which is used for covering a crack generated in a concrete wall, has not been commercially available. Therefore, a sheet-like sealing material having a predetermined size has been produced in advance using a mold for sealing a concrete wall crack. The term “predetermined sealing material” means that the sealing material is prepared in advance in a predetermined shape in accordance with the place to be processed.
However, the method of manufacturing a sealing material using a formwork requires that the sealing material be cured slowly over about one week because it becomes difficult to obtain flexibility when the sealing material is rapidly cured. There was a problem. In this regard, the method of using a long sheet material provided as a commercial product is extremely effective as a method of preparing the fixed sealing material 10.

  When sticking the fixed sealing material 10 on the outer surface of the concrete wall 5, first, after removing dirt adhered to the outer surface of the concrete wall 5, a primer is applied. The primer is for improving the adhesion between the concrete wall 5 and the sealing material, and here, a primer for concrete is used. A primer is selected according to the object to which the fixed sealing material 10 is to be attached. The primer is applied slightly wider than the range where the fixed sealing material 10 is attached.

After the primer has dried, the amorphous sealing material 14 is applied in accordance with the position where the regular sealing material 10 is applied (step of applying the irregular sealing material). Since the sealing portions 10a and 10b of the fixed sealing material 10 are arranged at positions where the crack C of the concrete wall 5 is sandwiched, the amorphous sealing material 14 is applied in a strip shape on both sides of the crack C. The thickness of the amorphous sealing material 14 may be about 3 mm. As the amorphous sealing material 14, an architectural sealing material such as a two-component silicone sealing material is used.

Next, the fixed sealing material 10 is attached in accordance with the position where the irregular sealing material 14 is applied (step of adhering the fixed sealing material). When a silicone sealant is used as the irregular sealant 14, the regular sealant 10 made of a silicone rubber sheet having the same main composition as that of the irregular sealant 14 is used. Depending on the material of the regular sealing material 10, the irregular sealing material 14 may inhibit the curing (becomes difficult to cure). In this case, after applying the amorphous sealing material 14, it is preferable to apply a barrier coating agent that prevents inhibition of curing so that the amorphous sealing material 10 does not come into contact with the amorphous sealing material 14 directly.
After affixing the fixed sealant 10, the fixed sealant 14 is completely cured within a few days, and the fixed sealant 10 is firmly fixed to the concrete wall 5 (step of fixing the fixed sealant).

  By adhering the fixed sealing material 10 so that the portion where the crack C is generated and the seal portions 10a and 10b do not interfere with each other, the region in the vicinity of the crack C of the concrete wall 5 is formed over the predetermined width of the fixed sealing material 10. A space A in which the surface facing the concrete wall 5 and the surface of the concrete wall 5 are separated from each other. This space area A is an area that is shielded from the outside and communicates in the longitudinal direction of the fixed sealing material 10, and acts like a trough (water conduit) through which water discharged from the crack C flows. That is, the water leaking from the crack C is discharged through this space area A. In the example shown in FIG. 1A, water generated from the crack C passes through the space area A and falls downward.

In the present embodiment, even if water leakage occurs from the crack C by sticking the fixed sealing material 10 so as to align the concave portion 10c with the arrangement in which the crack C is sandwiched in the width direction, the influence of water leakage is affected. It becomes possible to stick the fixed sealing material 10 without receiving.
FIG. 5 shows an example in which a flat plate-shaped sealing material 9 is stuck so as to overlap with a portion where the crack C is generated. As described above, when the fixed sealing material 9 is pasted so as to overlap with the crack C, the fixed sealing material 9 bulges outward (bulging portion 9a) by the pressure of water discharged from the crack C.
On the other hand, according to the sealing method of the present embodiment, the space area A acts as a flow path for draining water leakage, and even if water leaks from the crack C, the fixed sealing material 10 does not swell outward.

  Further, when the entire surface of the fixed sealing material 9 is bonded (in a solid shape) with the amorphous sealing material 14, the contact area between the amorphous sealing material 14 and air is smaller than that of the present embodiment, and the amorphous sealing material 14 is formed. There is a drawback that it takes time until the material 14 is cured. On the other hand, in the case of the sealing method of the present embodiment, the space area A is also formed inside the fixed sealing material 10, and air flows through the space area A, so that the amorphous sealing material 14 is cured inside. As compared with the method shown in FIG. 5, it can be cured in a shorter time. In the case where the construction period of the seal construction is short, it is effective for shortening the construction period to cure the amorphous sealing material 14 in as short a time as possible.

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 5, since the fixed sealing material 9 is also attached to the crack C portion, when water leaks from the crack C, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 5, A hole is made from the side of the crack C toward the crack C, a resin for preventing water leakage is injected into the crack C, and after preventing the water leakage, the fixed sealing material 9 is adhered.
According to the sealing method of the present embodiment, even when water leaks from the crack C, the water leaks from the space area A, so that the water affects the hardening of the amorphous sealing material 14. In addition, the sealing work can be performed without performing the work for preventing water leakage, and the work efficiency can be significantly improved.
Of course, also in the present embodiment, after performing the construction for preventing water leakage from the crack C, it is of course possible to apply the sealing by sticking the fixed sealing material 10 by the method described above.

( First embodiment )
The sealing method in the reference embodiment is a method using the fixed sealing material 10 in which the concave portion 10c is formed. The first embodiment is a method of sealing using a sealing material provided in a flat sheet shape.
FIG. 3 shows a construction method according to the first embodiment . In this embodiment, after removing dirt adhering to the outer surface of the concrete wall 5, the primer 12 is applied to the surface of the concrete wall 5, and the first amorphous sealing material 14 a is applied to the surface of the concrete wall 5. After the application, the first fixed sealing materials 11a and 11a are respectively attached to the positions sandwiching the cracks C by the first amorphous sealing material 14a (FIG. 3A). The first fixed sealing materials 11a and 11a are temporarily bonded.

Next, the second irregular sealing material 14b is applied on the first regular sealing material 11a, and the second sealing material 11b is bonded so as to be spanned between the first regular sealing materials 11a and 11a ( FIG. 3 (b)). The first amorphous sealing material 14a and the second amorphous sealing material 14b may be the same sealing material. In the present embodiment , a two-component silicone sealant is used for the first and second amorphous sealants 14a and 14b , and the first regular sealant 11a and the second regular sealant 11b are made of silicone rubber. A sheet body was used.

According to the sealing method of the present embodiment, the first regular sealing material 11a, 11a and the second regular sealing material 11b shield the part of the concrete wall 5 where the crack C is generated from the outside, and the vicinity of the crack C. The surface portion of the concrete wall 5 becomes a space region B communicating in the longitudinal direction with the first and second fixed sealing materials 11a and 11b.
Also in the case of the sealing method of this embodiment , similarly to the reference embodiment , the region where the first and second fixed sealing materials 11a and 11b are attached is set so as not to overlap with the region where the crack C is formed. In addition, by discharging the water leak from the crack C from the space region B, it is possible to perform sealing without performing an operation to stop the water leak from the crack C.

  In the present embodiment, the first fixed sealing material 11a is bonded to the concrete wall 5, and the second fixed sealing material 11b is bonded to the first fixed sealing material 11a. Therefore, the bonding operation is performed twice. However, there is an advantage that flat sheet bodies can be used as the first fixed sealing material 11a and the second fixed sealing material 11b. Since a flat sheet-shaped fixed sealing material is generally commercially available, a method using this fixed sealing material is advantageous in terms of convenience compared to a method using a sheet body in which the concave portion 10c is formed. .

Further, the method of using the first and second fixed sealing materials 11a and 11b also has an advantage that the bonding position can be appropriately adjusted when bonding the first fixed sealing materials 11a and 11a. By adjusting the sticking position of the first fixed sealing material 11a according to the state of the crack C, more versatile use is possible.
The second fixed sealing material 11b may have a width dimension that matches the arrangement interval of the first fixed sealing materials 11a and 11a. If the second fixed sealing material 11b and the first fixed sealing material 11a overlap each other with a predetermined width or more (the range to be bonded), the required adhesive force can be obtained. Therefore, the first and second fixed sealing materials Even if the positions of the outer edges of 11a and 11b do not exactly coincide, there is no problem in terms of sealing.

  In this embodiment, after finishing the bonding operation (temporarily bonded) of the first fixed sealing material 11a and the second fixed sealing material 11b, the first fixed sealing material 14a and the second fixed sealing material. The first fixed sealing material 11a and the second fixed sealing material 11b are integrally fixed to the concrete wall 5 by curing the material 14b. A method of sticking the fixed sealing material in a solid shape including the portion of the crack C in the time until the first and second amorphous sealing materials 14a and 14b are hardened when air flows through the space B. Compared to, it can be shortened.

  FIG. 3B shows a state in which the spacer material 15 is interposed between the second fixed sealing material 11 b and the surface of the concrete wall 5 when the second fixed sealing material 11 b is bonded. When the second fixed sealing material 11b is arranged so as to span between the first fixed sealing materials 11a and 11a, the second fixed sealing material 11b is curved toward the concrete wall 5, and the In the case where a sufficient spacing (space B) is not ensured between the two shaped sealing materials 11b, the use of the spacer material 15 allows the concrete wall 5 and the second shaped sealing material 11b to be separated from each other. A separation interval can be ensured.

  The spacer material 15 formed separately from the second fixed sealing material 11b can be bonded to the surface of the concrete wall 5 at the time of on-site construction, and then the second fixed sealing material 11b can be bonded. It is also possible to bond the spacer material 15 to the surface of the second fixed sealing material 11b in advance and bond the spacer material 15 toward the concrete wall 5 when bonding the second fixed sealing material 11b. It is.

  FIG. 3C shows a planar arrangement example of the first fixed sealing material 11 a, the second fixed sealing material 11 b, and the spacer material 15. The spacer material 15 may be appropriately formed in a cylindrical shape, a rectangular planar shape, an elongated planar shape, or the like. By disposing the spacer material 15 discretely in the region range (space region B) where the crack C is formed, the action of discharging water leakage from the crack C is not hindered. The spacer material 15 may be disposed so as to partially overlap the crack C.

( Second Embodiment )
Sealing work for tunnels includes work to prevent water leakage from the ceiling of the tunnel. In such a sealing operation, as explained in the reference embodiment or the first embodiment , when a fixed sealing material is attached so as to cover the crack on the construction surface (concrete wall surface), the portion near the crack It is effective to construct so as to be a space area that communicates in the longitudinal direction of the fixed sealing material. The space formed by sticking a fixed sealing material to the ceiling acts like a ridge (water conduit) that discharges water leakage, guiding water leakage from the ceiling surface toward the side wall of the tunnel, and water leakage falls from the ceiling Can be prevented.

  FIG. 4 shows a method of sealing a ceiling surface when the ceiling surface is a horizontal surface in a building structure such as a tunnel. In the case of a ceiling where the center is high and the outside is low, the above-described method of sticking the fixed sealing material can be used as it is, but in the case of a horizontal ceiling surface, the center portion is thin as shown in FIG. Using the first fixed sealing material 16a that is tapered in the longitudinal direction with the thickness increasing toward the outside, the first fixed sealing material is sandwiched between the cracks in the same manner as in the first embodiment. What is necessary is just to adhere | attach the 2nd fixed sealing material 16b so that 16a may be arrange | positioned in parallel and it may span between the 1st fixed sealing materials 16a and 16a. 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line E-E in FIG. 4B, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D in FIG.

  By using a sheet body whose thickness changes in a taper shape in the longitudinal direction as the first fixed sealing material 16a, water leakage can be discharged from the center side of the ceiling surface to the wall surface side, resulting in water leakage from the crack. Even if it is the case, the 1st fixed sealing material 16a and the 2nd fixed sealing material 16b can be stuck, without receiving the influence of water leakage. The amorphous sealing material, primer, etc. may be used in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment. The method of sticking a fixed sealing material so that water leaks from the cracks can be effectively used as an emergency sealing method in the case where water leakage frequently occurs.

  In the above-described embodiment, the method for sealing the wall surface of a concrete wall or the ceiling surface of a building structure such as a tunnel has been described. However, the method of the present invention is not limited to these construction objects, and any building structure can be used. It can be used as a method for sealing things. The irregular sealing material and the regular sealing material may be appropriately selected and used according to the properties and materials of the work surface to be sealed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Concrete wall 10 Fixed sealing material 10a, 10b Seal part 10c Recessed part 11a 1st fixed sealing material 11b 2nd fixed sealing material 12 Primer 14 Amorphous sealing material 14a 1st amorphous sealing material 14b 2nd amorphous sealing Material 15 Spacer Material 16a First Fixed Sealing Material 16b Second Fixed Sealing Material

Claims (5)

Preparing a first fixed sealing material formed into a flat sheet and a second fixed sealing material;
Applying the first irregular sealing material to the work surface;
Bonding the first fixed sealing material to the positions on both sides of the crack generated on the work surface by the first amorphous sealing material,
Adhering the second shaped sealing material with a second amorphous sealing material so as to pass between the first shaped sealing materials;
The first amorphous sealing material and the second amorphous sealing material are cured, and the area of the work surface including the cracks is defined as a space area, and the first fixed sealing material and the Fixing the second fixed sealing material;
A method for sealing a building structure, comprising: In the step of bonding the second fixed sealing material, a spacer material is interposed between the work surface and the second fixed sealing material, and the second fixed sealing material is bonded. The method for sealing a building structure according to claim 1 . The method for sealing a building structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a taper-shaped sealing material whose longitudinal thickness gradually changes is used as the first fixed sealing material. The construction surface is a concrete wall;
As a pre-process for applying the amorphous sealing material,
The method for sealing a building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising a step of applying a primer to the surface of the concrete wall after removing dirt on the surface of the concrete wall. The method for sealing a building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the irregular sealing material and the regular sealing material have a common main composition.

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