JP5122957B2 - 免疫不全ウイルス感染症の治療または予防のための核酸 - Google Patents
免疫不全ウイルス感染症の治療または予防のための核酸 Download PDFInfo
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Description
)には前記の細胞毒性を示す産物としてリボヌクレアーゼを使用することが記載されているが、リボヌクレアーゼによるHIV感染細胞の細胞死は確認されていない。また、代表的なリボヌクレアーゼであるヒト膵臓由来リボヌクレアーゼ(RNase1)は細胞質に存在するリボヌクレアーゼ・インヒビターにより阻害されることが知られており(非特許文献4)、前記の目的に適したものとは言えない。
[1]ヒト免疫不全ウイルスのトランス作用因子により転写が誘導される転写調節配列と、前記配列により発現の制御が可能な形態に配置された一本鎖RNA特異的なエンドリボヌクレア−ゼ活性を有するポリペプチドをコードする遺伝子とを含有する核酸、
[2]Tatタンパク質および/またはRevタンパク質により転写が誘導される転写調節配列を含有する[1]の核酸、
[3]ヒト免疫不全ウイルスのLTRの下流に一本鎖RNA特異的なエンドリボヌクレア−ゼ活性を有するポリペプチドをコードする遺伝子が配置されている[1]の核酸、
[4]一本鎖RNA特異的なエンドリボヌクレアーゼ活性を有するポリペプチドが塩基配列特異的にRNAを切断する活性を有するものである[1]の核酸、
[5]一本鎖RNA特異的なエンドリボヌクレア−ゼ活性を有するポリペプチドがMazFタンパク質である[1]の核酸、
[6]ベクターに組み込まれている請求項1〜4いずれか1項に記載の核酸。
[7][1]〜[6]いずれかの核酸を細胞に導入することを特徴とする、ヒト免疫不全ウイルスの複製が抑制される細胞の製造方法、
[8]細胞がT細胞またはT細胞前駆細胞を含む細胞集団である[7]の方法、
[9]核酸がウイルスベクターにより細胞に導入されることを特徴とする[7]の方法、
[10]レトロウイルスベクターまたはアデノウイルスベクターにより核酸が細胞に導入される[9]の方法、
[11][1]〜[6]いずれかの核酸を細胞に導入することを特徴とする、ヒト免疫不全ウイルス感染症の治療または予防方法、
に関する。
プラスミドpQBI−tatGFP(Quantum Biotechnologies Inc.社製)よりTat、sgGFPのそれぞれをコードする領域をSacII、EcoRIの二重消化によって除去したうえ、5’側に開始コドンを付加し、3’側に終止コドンを新たに付加したTatを挿入した。こうして構築されたプラスミドをpQBI−TATと命名した。前記プラスミドはCMVプロモーター/エンハンサーの制御下にTatタンパク質を発現することができるプラスミドである。
プラスミドpQBI−LTRgagGFP(Quantum Biotechnologies Inc.社製)に挿入されているgag、sgGFP、RREのそれぞれをコードする領域を制限酵素SalI、XbaIの二重消化によって除去したうえ、ここに配列表の配列番号3に示す塩基配列のMazFタンパクをコードする、化学的に合成されたDNAを挿入した。こうして構築されたプラスミドをpQBI−LTRMazFcv1と命名した。
24ウェルのコラーゲンコートプレートの各ウェルに1×105個のヒト293T/17細胞[ATCC CRL−11268]を添加し24時間培養した。培地には10%ウシ胎仔血清(GIBCO社製)を含有するダルベッコ改変イーグル培地(DMEM、シグマ社製)を使用した。次いで各ウェルの細胞にpQBI−LTRMazFcv1(0.25μg)、またはpQBI−LTRMazFcv1とpQBI−TATの両方(各0.25μg)を導入した。プラスミドの導入にはTransIT−293(Mirus社製)を使用し、添付の説明書の記載どおりに操作を行った。なお、上記の操作は各群2連で実施し、対照としてMazF遺伝子を含まないpQBI−LTRgagGFP(Quantum Biotechnologies Inc.社製)とpQBI−TAT(各0.25μg)を導入した群も設定した。
(1)MazF発現レトロウイルスベクタープラスミドpSIN−HLTR−MazFの構築
実施例1で作製されたプラスミドpQBI−LTRMazFcv1を制限酵素StuIとXbaIで切断し、HIV−LTR支配下にMazFが発現する発現カセット(約1340bp)を獲得し、DNA Blunting Kit(タカラバイオ社製)で平滑化した。
pMTベクター[ジーン・セラピー(Gene Therapy)、第11巻、94〜99頁(2004)]の3’LTRのU3領域について、当該領域43〜309番目の塩基にわたる部分を欠損させたプラスミドベクターpMTD3を作製した。内部プロモーターとして使用するHIVのU3−R領域およびU3−TAR領域は、それぞれ実施例4−(1)で作製されたプラスミドpSIN−HLTR−MazFを鋳型としたPCRにより取得した。U3−R領域の増幅に用いたプライマー、5’HIV1 U3、3’HIV1 Rの塩基配列をそれぞれ配列番号4、5に示す。U3−TAR領域の増幅には前記の5’HIV1 U3と配列番号6記載の塩基配列のプライマー、3’HIV1 TARを組み合わせて使用した。両PCR増幅断片をそれぞれMluI、BamHIで消化してpMTDのMluI/BamHIサイト間に挿入し、2種のレトロウイルスベクタープラスミドpMTD3−U3R、pMTD3−U3TARを構築した。
対照として使用するため、pMTD3−U3Rに蛍光タンパク質であるeGFPをコードする遺伝子を挿入した発現プラスミドを構築した。すなわち、プラスミドpGemT−Easy−eGFP[ジャーナル・オブ・ジーン・メディシン(J. Gene Med.)、第6巻、724〜733頁(2004)]よりBamHI、BglII消化によって切り出したeGFP遺伝子を含むDNA断片をpMTD3−U3RのBamHIサイトに挿入してeGFP発現プラスミドであるpMTD3−U3R、pMTD3−U3TARのBamHIサイトに挿入し2種のレトロウイルスベクタープラスミドpMTD3−U3R−GFP、pMTD3−U3TAR−GFPを構築した。
(1)GaLVシュードタイプウイルスを作製するために使用するエンベロープ発現プラスミドは下記の操作により構築した。まず、GaLVウイルスのエンベロープタンパク質をコードするDNA断片をPG13細胞(ATCC CRL−10686)より調製したゲノムDNAを鋳型としたPCRにより増幅した。増幅に用いた2種のプライマー、5’KpnI、3’ClaIの塩基配列をそれぞれ配列番号9、10に示す。アンフォトロピック・エンベロープ発現プラスミドであるpVM−AE[Gene Therapy(ジーン セラピー)、第10巻、p706−711(2003)]をKpnI、ClaIで消化し、エンベロープタンパクをコードする領域のうちRペプチド部分を除く部分を除去したプラスミド断片を作成した。上記の増幅断片をKpnI、ClaIで消化したものをこのプラスミド断片に挿入し、GaLVエンベロープ発現プラスミド、pVM−GeRを得た。
24ウェル細胞培養プレートのウェルに入れた、実施例5で作製された各細胞株の細胞2×106個(/1ml培地)に種々の量のHIV−1 IIIb(p24タンパク量換算で0.2、2、20、200ng)を接種し、37℃で2時間培養した。細胞をPBSで洗浄した後に10mlのRPMI(10%のFBSを含む)に懸濁してT25フラスコに移した。このフラスコから継時的に採取した培養上清についてp24量をELISA法(p24 ELISA kit、パーキン・エルマー社製)で定量し、HIVの量を評価した。実験結果を図1、図2に示す。図1、図2はそれぞれ感染7、10日後の結果である。図中、CEM−SSは遺伝子導入されていないCEM−SS細胞、ControlはpMTD3−U3R−GFPウイルスで形質転換されている細胞、A,B、CはそれぞれpSIN−HLTR−MazF、pMTD3−U3R−MazFウイルス、pMTD3−U3TAR−MazFウイルスで形質転換された細胞での結果を示す。縦軸はp24タンパク量(単位:ng/ml)である。また、感染後4、7、10日目(Day 4、Day 7、Day 10)の生存細胞数をトリパンブルー排出試験により計測した。この結果を図3に示す。図3において、菱形は遺伝子導入されていないCEM−SS細胞、×はpMTD3−U3R−GFPウイルスで形質転換されている細胞、四角、三角、丸はそれぞれpSIN−HLTR−MazF、pMTD3−U3R−MazFウイルス、pMTD3−U3TAR−MazFウイルスで形質転換された細胞での結果を示す。縦軸は生存細胞数(単位:104個)である。
(1)N. europaea ATCC19718株由来NE1181遺伝子の単離とレトロウイルスベクタープラスミドの構築
Nitrosomonas europaea ATCC19718株由来NE1181遺伝子について、そこにコードされているポリペプチドのアミノ酸配列および塩基配列をNCBI データベースより入手した(accession No. NP_841237およびNC_004757)。NE1181の塩基配列情報より、ポリペプチド全長をコードする領域のDNAをPCRで増幅できるように、プライマーNE1181−F(配列番号11)およびプライマーNE1181−R(配列番号12)をそれぞれ合成した。
Deinococcus radioduran R1株由来DR0662のアミノ酸配列および塩基配列をNCBI データベースより入手した(accession No. NP_294385およびNC_001263)。DR0662の塩基配列情報より、ポリペプチド全長をコードする領域のDNAをPCRで増幅できるように、プライマーDR0662−F(配列番号16)およびプライマーDR0662−R(配列番号17)をそれぞれ合成した。
実施例1に記載のpQBI−Tatを制限酵素SacII−EcoRVで消化し、平滑化後レトロウイルスベクタープラスミドpDON−AIのPmeI部位に挿入し、pDON−Tatを構築した。次にpDON−TatをBamHI−XhoIで消化してSV40プロモーターとネオマイシンホスホトランスフェラーゼ遺伝子を除去し、クロンテック社のpIRES2−ZsGreen1からIRES−ZsGreen遺伝子断片を獲得し、先の制限酵素消化したpDON−TatのTat遺伝子の下流に挿入し、pDON−Tat−ZsGreenを構築した。
10%ウシ胎児血清(FBS)を添加したDMEMを入れた6cm径のプレートにG3T−hi細胞(タカラバイオ社製)を入れ、10μgのレトロウイルスベクタープラスミド(pMTD3−U3TAR−MazF、pMTD3−U3TAR−N4、pMTD3−U3TAR−D3のいずれか)とRetrovirus Packaging Kit Ampho(タカラバイオ社製)を用いてリン酸カルシウム法によりトランスフェクションを実施した。トランスフェクション開始8時間後に培地を新鮮なものに交換して培養を継続した。トランスフェクション開始24時間後に再度培地交換し、24時間後に培養上清を集めて0.45μmのフィルターでろ過し、このろ液をウイルス上清として以下の実験に使用した。
(1)表面未処理24穴プレートにレトロネクチン(タカラバイオ社製)をプロトコールに従いコーティングし、実施例8で作製されたTat発現レトロウイルスベクター0.5mlをウェルに加え、32℃、2000×g、2時間の遠心操作により、レトロウイルスベクターをレトロネクチンコートプレートに吸着させた。上清除去後、実施例9で作製されたMazF、NE1181、およびDR0662発現CEM細胞株をそれぞれ1×105個/mlに調製し、ウェルあたり1ml添加して感染を行った。対照としてmRNA interferase遺伝子を導入していないCEM細胞を用い、同様にTat発現レトロウイルスベクターを感染した。感染から2日後および15日後、フローサイトメーターでZsGreen陽性率を測定することにより、Tat発現レトロウイルス感染効率を測定した。結果を表1に示す。表1に示すとおり、mRNA interferase遺伝子MazF、NE1181、およびDR0662をコードする遺伝子が導入されたCEM細胞においては、Tatタンパク質依存的に遺伝子が発現し、その結果mRNAが分解に伴う細胞死が誘発され、ZsGreen陽性率が低下した。以上の結果より、MazFとは異なる塩基配列特異性を有するmRNA Interferaseの遺伝子を使用した場合も、同様にHIV感染細胞の増殖を抑制できることが示された。
(1)MazFと蛍光タンパク質ZsGreenが1つのmRNAから発現するベクターは以下の手順で作製した。実施例2に記載のpQBI−LTRMazFcv1を鋳型とし、PCR法によりMazF遺伝子を取得し、クロンテック社のpIRES2−ZsGreen1のSacI−BamHIサイトにPCR増幅したMazF遺伝子を挿入した。こうして構築されたMazFとZsGreenが同時に発現するプラスミドをpMazF−IZと命名した。MazF遺伝子の増幅に使用したプライマーを配列番号22、23に示す。また、対照としてpIRES2−ZsGreen1のSacI−BamHIサイトにルシフェラーゼ遺伝子を挿入したプラスミドpLuc−IZを構築した。
MazFのアンチトキシンであるMazEを発現するレトロウイルスベクタープラスミドpMSN−MazEは以下の手順で構築した。
SEQ ID NO:4 ; Primer 5’HIV1 U3 to amplify a portion of HIV LTR.
SEQ ID NO:5 ; Primer 3’HIV1 R to amplify a portion of HIV LTR.
SEQ ID NO:6 ; Primer 3’HIV1 TAR to amplify a portion of HIV LTR.
SEQ ID NO:7 ; Primer 5’MazF to amplify a DNA encoding MazF.
SEQ ID NO:8 ; Primer 3’MazF to amplify a DNA encoding MazF.
SEQ ID NO:9 ; Primer 5’KpnI to amplify a DNA encoding GaLV envelope.
SEQ ID NO:10 ; Primer 3’ClaI to amplify a DNA encoding GaLV envelope.
SEQ ID NO:11 ; Primer NE1181-F to amplify a DNA encoding NE1181 polypeptide.
SEQ ID NO:12 ; Primer NE1181-R to amplify a DNA encoding NE1181 polypeptide.
SEQ ID NO:15 ; Synthetic DNA encoding NE1181 polypeptide.
SEQ ID NO:16 ; Primer DR0662-F to amplify a DNA encoding DR0662 polypeptide.
SEQ ID NO:17 ; Primer DR0662-R to amplify a DNA encoding DR0662 polypeptide.
SEQ ID NO:20 ; Primer to amplify a DNA encoding DR0662 polypeptide.
SEQ ID NO:21 ; Primer to amplify a DNA encoding DR0662 polypeptide.
SEQ ID NO:22 ; Primer to amplify a DNA encoding MazF.
SEQ ID NO:23 ; Primer to amplify a DNA encoding MazF.
Claims (6)
- ヒト免疫不全ウイルスのTatタンパク質および/またはRevタンパク質により転写が誘導されるヒト免疫不全ウイルスのLTRと、その下流に前記LTRにより発現の制御が可能な形態に配置されたMazFタンパク質をコードする遺伝子とを含有する核酸。
- ベクターに組み込まれている請求項1記載の核酸。
- 請求項1記載の核酸をエクス・ビボで細胞に導入することを特徴とする、ヒト免疫不全ウイルスの複製が抑制される細胞の製造方法。
- 細胞がT細胞またはT細胞前駆細胞を含む細胞集団である請求項3記載の方法。
- 核酸がウイルスベクターにより細胞に導入されることを特徴とする請求項3記載の方法。
- レトロウイルスベクターにより核酸が細胞に導入される請求項5記載の方法。
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JPWO2009051078A1 (ja) * | 2007-10-15 | 2011-03-03 | タカラバイオ株式会社 | 治療用遺伝子発現システム |
US8196978B2 (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2012-06-12 | Hyundai Motor Company | Carrier and front end module system |
JP5010760B2 (ja) | 2010-10-05 | 2012-08-29 | タカラバイオ株式会社 | ウイルスベクターの製造方法 |
WO2012118092A1 (ja) * | 2011-03-01 | 2012-09-07 | タカラバイオ株式会社 | 融合タンパク質 |
EP2829606A4 (en) | 2012-03-22 | 2016-02-24 | Takara Bio Inc | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING VIRAL VECTOR |
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US20160040212A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-02-11 | The Broad Institute, Inc. | Methods for the Detection of DNA-RNA Proximity in Vivo |
DK3283658T3 (da) * | 2015-05-18 | 2020-05-18 | Calimmune Inc | Fremgangsmåder til at diskriminere mellem HIV-1 og lentivirus-vektorer |
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