JP4991175B2 - 水素製造方法および水素製造装置 - Google Patents
水素製造方法および水素製造装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4991175B2 JP4991175B2 JP2006094660A JP2006094660A JP4991175B2 JP 4991175 B2 JP4991175 B2 JP 4991175B2 JP 2006094660 A JP2006094660 A JP 2006094660A JP 2006094660 A JP2006094660 A JP 2006094660A JP 4991175 B2 JP4991175 B2 JP 4991175B2
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- hydrazine
- hydrogen
- catalyst
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 101
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 101
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 97
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 144
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 15
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Rh+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013056 hazardous product Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000808 amorphous metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 hydrazine anhydride Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- CEQFOVLGLXCDCX-WUKNDPDISA-N methyl red Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O CEQFOVLGLXCDCX-WUKNDPDISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
N2 H4 →N2 +2H2 ・・・ (1)
2N2 H4 →2NH3 +H2 ・・・ (2)
3N2 H4 →N2 +4NH3 ・・・(3)
3N2 H4 →2N2 +3H2+2NH3 ・・・(4)
N2 H4 →N2 +2H2 ・・・(1)
3N2 H4 →4NH3 + N2 ・・・(2)
また、同時に式(2)に示す副反応が進行し、副生成物であるアンモニアが生成する。
まず、実施例1、2で使用する触媒の調製を行った。担体として粉末状のγ−アルミナ(Al2 O3 )を用い、触媒金属であるロジウムを担持させた触媒を調製した。調製法としては、含浸法を使用し、ロジウムの金属塩として硝酸ロジウム (III)Rh(NO3 )3 を使用した。担体として用いたγ−アルミナ(以下、アルミナ(粉状)と称する)の性状を表1に示す。
N2 H4 →N2 +2H2 ・・・(1)
3N2 H4 →4NH3 + N2 ・・・(2)
このことから、ロジウムを使用した場合には、主に上記式(1)の反応が起こっており、白金やパラジウムを使用した場合には、主に上記式(2)の反応が起こっていると推測される。
次に、触媒金属であるロジウムの担持量を変更し、各ガスの生成量の変化を調べた。ロジウムの金属塩として硝酸ロジウム (III)Rh(NO3 )3 を使用し、担体は、実施例3、4では、実施例1と同様のアルミナ(粉状)を、実施例5、6では、球形粒子状のγ−アルミナ(以下、アルミナ(球状)と称する)を用いた。調製法として含浸法を使用し、実施例1と同様の方法で、触媒を調製した。担体として用いたγ−アルミナ(球状)の性状を表2に示す。
比較のため、ロジウムを含むアモルファス合金(Cu50Zr50)95Rh5 を触媒として用いて、水素分解能を調べた。上記実施例1と同様の実験を行い、単位触媒量あたりの水素の生成量、窒素の生成量、アンモニアの生成量の時間変化を調べた結果を図9に示す。
次に、担体をγ−アルミナ(球状)とした場合(実施例8)と、ペレット状のシリカアルミナ(SiO2 −Al2 O3 )とした場合(実施例9)について、それぞれロジウムを担持した触媒を調製した。ロジウムの金属塩として硝酸ロジウム (III)Rh(NO3 )3 を使用し、担持量が2.0重量%となるようにして、同様の方法で触媒を得た。担体として用いたシリカアルミナの性状を表3に示す。
さらに、実施例9の触媒を使用し、ヒドラジン水溶液の濃度を変化させて、上記実施例9と同様の実験を行い、単位触媒量あたりの水素の生成量を調べた。ヒドラジン水溶液は、市販の60重量%ヒドラジン水和物・水溶液(ヒドラジン含有量38.4重量%)を希釈して、15重量%ヒドラジン水和物・水溶液(ヒドラジン含有量9.6重量%)、30重量%ヒドラジン水和物・水溶液(ヒドラジン含有量19.2重量%)、45重量%ヒドラジン水和物・水溶液(ヒドラジン含有量28.8重量%)としたものを用いた。240分後の水素生成量を表5に示す。
11 ガス導出口
12 ガス導入口
2 可動部材
21 触媒保持部
22 固定具
3 触媒
4 熱電対
5 恒温槽
6 ガス吸収管
Claims (6)
- 水素源としてヒドラジン含有量40重量%以下のヒドラジン水溶液を用い、アルミナを含む担体にロジウムを担持させた触媒と接触させることにより、ヒドラジンを分解して水素を生成することを特徴とする水素製造方法。
- 60重量%以下のヒドラジン水和物・水溶液を原料として、ヒドラジン水溶液を調製する請求項1記載の水素製造方法。
- ロジウムの担持量を、アルミナを含む担体に対し、0.5〜3.0重量%の範囲とした請求項1または2記載の水素製造方法。
- アルミナを含む担体として、γ−アルミナまたはシリカアルミナを用いる請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の水素製造方法。
- 水素源としてヒドラジン含有量40重量%以下のヒドラジン水溶液を収容する反応容器と、該反応容器内に上下動可能に設けられて、先端の触媒保持部にアルミナを含む担体にロジウムを担持させた触媒を保持する可動部材と、を備え、上記可動部材を下降させてヒドラジン水溶液に触媒を接触させることにより反応を開始し、上記可動部材を上昇させてヒドラジン水溶液から触媒を取り出すことにより反応を停止することを特徴とする水素製造装置。
- 上記反応容器を所定温度に調整する温度調整手段を設けた請求項5記載の水素製造装置。
Priority Applications (1)
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JP2006094660A JP4991175B2 (ja) | 2006-03-30 | 2006-03-30 | 水素製造方法および水素製造装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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JP2006094660A JP4991175B2 (ja) | 2006-03-30 | 2006-03-30 | 水素製造方法および水素製造装置 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2007269514A JP2007269514A (ja) | 2007-10-18 |
JP4991175B2 true JP4991175B2 (ja) | 2012-08-01 |
Family
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JP2006094660A Expired - Fee Related JP4991175B2 (ja) | 2006-03-30 | 2006-03-30 | 水素製造方法および水素製造装置 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP5495011B2 (ja) * | 2009-08-05 | 2014-05-21 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 水素発生用触媒及び水素発生方法 |
US9028793B2 (en) | 2009-12-02 | 2015-05-12 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Catalyst for generating hydrogen and method for generating hydrogen |
JP4982815B2 (ja) * | 2009-12-02 | 2012-07-25 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 水素発生用触媒及び水素発生方法 |
JP5751516B2 (ja) | 2011-09-07 | 2015-07-22 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 水素発生用触媒及び水素発生方法 |
CN110137523B (zh) * | 2018-02-06 | 2020-12-29 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | 一种制氢水合肼燃料电池装置 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3970588A (en) * | 1969-12-23 | 1976-07-20 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Catalyst for hydrazine decomposition |
JPS5221985B2 (ja) * | 1972-03-10 | 1977-06-14 | ||
JPS5229709B2 (ja) * | 1972-05-19 | 1977-08-03 | ||
US4157270A (en) * | 1977-09-12 | 1979-06-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Hydrogen gas generator from hydrazine/ammonia |
JP3245605B2 (ja) * | 1991-02-15 | 2002-01-15 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | ヒドラジン分解用触媒の製造方法 |
JPH05261285A (ja) * | 1991-12-11 | 1993-10-12 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | ヒドラジン分解触媒及びそれを用いた推進装置 |
JPH10180042A (ja) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-07 | Mitsui Chem Inc | ヒドラジン含有水蒸気の処理方法及びその触媒 |
JP2003040602A (ja) * | 2001-07-30 | 2003-02-13 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 燃料電池用水素製造装置 |
JP2003257464A (ja) * | 2002-02-27 | 2003-09-12 | Nippei Toyama Corp | 燃料電池用の水素発生システム |
JP2004244251A (ja) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-09-02 | Merit Fuel Cell Kk | 水素発生剤、水素発生方法及びそれを用いた燃料電池システム |
JP2005103389A (ja) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-04-21 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | ヒドラジン類分解触媒及びヒドラジン含有ガスの分解処理方法 |
JP2005288260A (ja) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | 有機ハロゲン化合物含有液の処理方法 |
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2006
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