JP4938219B2 - 光学分光システムを使用するパラメトリック・プロフィーリング - Google Patents
光学分光システムを使用するパラメトリック・プロフィーリング Download PDFInfo
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Description
− M.G.モハラム、E.B.グラン、D.A.ポメット、およびT.K.ゲイロードによる“二元格子の厳密な結合波分析の安定した効率的実施の定式化”,J.Opt.Soc.Am.A,12巻,1068〜1076ページ,1995年(非特許文献1)、
− L.リによる“層状回折格子をモデリングするための2つの回帰行列アルゴリズムの定式化および比較”,J.Opt.Soc.Am.A,13巻,1024〜1035ページ,1996年(非特許文献2)、および
− M.G.モハラムによる“2次元誘電体格子の結合波分析”,PROC.SPIE,883巻,8〜11ページ,1988年(非特許文献3)、
である。
− J.ノセダルおよびS.J.ライトによる“数値最適化”,シュプリンガー出版,ニューヨーク州ニューヨーク,1999年(非特許文献4)、および
− D.T.ファムおよびD.カラボガによる“インテリジェント最適化手法:遺伝アルゴリズム、タブー調査、模擬アニーリングおよびニューラルネットワーク”,シュプリンガー出版,ニューヨーク州ニューヨーク,2000年(非特許文献5)、
である。
によって量χ2 を定義することができる。この量(χ2 )は、例えば一定の信号(Rs ,Rp ,cosΔ,・・・)の理論値および実験値などの2つのデータR1 およびR2 のセット間の差を測定する。値σn は、n番目のデータポイントの重みを規定するものであり、通常は実験の不確定性により画定される。図6Cでχ2 を計算するとき、実際には2つの理論スペクトル、すなわち1つは初期パラメータ値でのスペクトル、もう1つは変更されたパラメータ値でのスペクトル、が比較される。χ2 以外の量を最適化に使用することができ、例えば、比較されるスペクトル間の交差相関を最適化することができる。
を含み、ここでrs およびrp はそれぞれSおよびP偏光についての複素振幅反射係数であり、Rs およびRp はそれぞれSおよびP偏光についての反射率であり、すなわちRs =|rs |2 、Rp =|rp |2 である。角度Aは、アナライザ角度であり、ハードウェア構成により(最適に)セットすることができる。量tanΨおよびcosΔは、当業者に知られている楕円偏光パラメータである。
a.フィルム測定を実行して下にある層の厚さを決定し、その情報を回帰を用いるフォトレジストの格子ターゲットに関する別の散乱計測測定へ順方向に送る。これにより、回帰における変数の数が減少し、そのために計算が顕著に高速化すると共に精度/ロバストネスが向上する。
b.フィルム測定を実行して下にある層(例えば、ゲートADI測定におけるBARC層)のnおよびkを決定し、その情報を回帰を用いるフォトレジストの格子ターゲットに関する別の散乱計測測定へ順方向に送る。これにより、回帰における変数の数が減少し、そのために計算が顕著に高速化すると共に、ライブラリまたは回帰方式における不正確な光学定数に起因するエラーが除去される。
c.フィルム測定を実行して下にあるおよび現在のエッチングされた層(格子構造の部分である層)の厚さを決定し、その情報をエッチングされた誘電体の格子ターゲットに関する別の散乱計測測定へ順方向に送る。これにより、別な方法によればプロフィール・ライブラリまたは回帰測定においてあまりに多くの自由度を持つことになるダマスカス構造の測定が可能となる。
d.散乱計測法を用いてプロフィール測定を実行し、それをシードとして次の散乱計測回帰測定へ順方向に送る。
e.散乱計測測定を実行して、その情報(最も重要なのは側壁角およびピッチである)を同じターゲットにまたは同じウェハ上の別のターゲットに関するCD−SEM測定へ送る。これにより、CD測定の壁角依存性に関してSEMアルゴリズムに存在する不確定性がなくなる。さらに、それはCD−SEMにピッチの絶対の較正を与える。
f.散乱計測測定を実行して、その情報(最も重要なのは頂部の丸みおよび壁角である)を同じターゲットまたは同じウェハ上の別のターゲット(例えば、ゼブラ・ターゲット)に関するオーバーレイ測定へ送る。これにより、ウェハにより引き起こされるシフト(ウェハ処理変動の結果として)に関してオーバーレイ・アルゴリズムに存在する不確定性がなくなる。
g.順方向送り方式または同時回帰のいずれかにおいて複数照明角情報を組み合わせて構造のプロフィール・パラメータを決定する。例えば、構造に関する追加の情報(1つまたは両方がSEであって良い)を提供するために垂直反射率計または近垂直反射率計を斜角反射率計と共に使用する。
h.反射された信号または測定ツール(通常は分光楕円偏光計)により集められた位相信号に関して回帰により散乱計測法を用いてプロフィール測定を実行する。
i.集められたスペクトル、偏光または位相情報の下に存在するフィルム特性に対してあまり敏感ではないサブセットを用いて構造のプロフィールを見出すために回帰を実行する。
図1A,2および11に示されているようなシステムを用いて本発明を説明してきた。図1A,2および11のシステムのいろいろな光学コンポーネントがサンプルから測定されたデータを得るために使われるが、その他のプロセスの多くがコンピュータ40により実行される(図を簡略化するために図2には示していない)。半導体メーカーなどのメーカーにより現在使用されている多くのシステムについては、該システムで使われているコンピュータは上述した手法を実行する能力を持っていないであろう。本発明の他の態様は、コンピュータ40が上述したいろいろな機能のうちの1つ以上を実行できるように、これらのコンピュータ・ソフトウェアをアップグレードできることを目論む。従って、本発明の他の態様は、上述した機能を実行するようにコンピュータ40にロードされるソフトウェア・コンポーネントを必要とする。これらの機能は、図1Aまたは2または11のシステム10または80または380の光学コンポーネントと関連して、上で概説したいろいろな利点を有する結果を提供する。ソフトウェアまたはプログラム・コンポーネントをいろいろな方法でコンピュータ40にインストールすることができる。
Claims (17)
- 1つ以上の第1のフィルム構造に隣接する回折構造の1つ以上のパラメータを測定する方法であって、前記回折構造または1つ以上の第1のフィルム構造の少なくとも第1の層は第1の材料を含み、かつ関連する厚さおよび光学インデックス情報を有し、前記方法は、
前記回折構造または少なくとも第1の層と実質的に同じ厚さを有する少なくとも1つの層を含み、かつ/または第1の材料の光学特性と実質的に同じ光学特性を有する第2の材料を含む基準構造を測定して前記1つの層の厚さ、かつまたは前記第2の材料の光学インデックス情報を得るステップと、
前記回折構造および1つ以上の第1のフィルム構造に複数の波長の電磁放射のビームを照射するステップと、
前記ビームの回折構造からの複数の波長における回折の強度および/または位相データを検出するステップと、
前記基準構造に関連するデータおよび前記回折構造から検出されたデータを用いて1つ以上の可変パラメータを決定するステップであって、前記決定するステップは、回帰プロセスまたは1つ以上の可変パラメータの基準データベースを作ることを含み、そして前記基準構造に関連する厚さおよび光学インデックス情報を用い、前記回帰プロセスまたは前記基準データベースの前記可変パラメータの数を減少させることにより前記可変パラメータを決定するための最適化プロセスを簡略化し、決定するステップと、を含む方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、
前記基準構造は複数層を含む第1のフィルム構造に隣接し、この層のうちの少なくとも1つは1つ以上の第1のフィルム構造中の1つの層と実質的に同じ厚さを有し、かつ/または1つ以上の第1のフィルム構造の材料の光学特性と実質的に同じ光学特性を有する材料を含み、前記方法はさらに前記基準構造に隣接する前記フィルム構造の厚さおよび光学インデックス情報を用いて1つ以上のパラメータの基準データベースを作るステップを含み、前記決定するステップは前記基準データベースを使用する方法。 - 請求項2記載の方法において、
前記作るステップは、それぞれが前記回折構造の考えられるライン幅、高さまたは壁角に対応する複数の機能を含む基準データベースを作る方法。 - 請求項2記載の方法において、
前記作るステップは波長のスペクトルにわたる基準データベースを作り、前記照射するステップは前記スペクトルを含む波長の広帯域放射のビームを照射し、前記検出するステップは波長の前記スペクトルにわたる強度または楕円偏光パラメータ・データを検出する方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、
前記測定するステップは、強度データまたは楕円偏光パラメータを測定する方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、
前記検出するステップは、強度データまたは楕円偏光パラメータを検出する方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、
前記パラメータは、臨界寸法、高さおよび側壁角を含む方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、
1つ以上の第1のフィルム構造上には周期的回折パターンはなく、前記測定するステップは分光楕円偏光計、分光測光計または分光反射率計によって測定を行う方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、
前記照射するステップおよび検出するステップは、分光楕円偏光計、分光測光計または分光反射率計による方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、
1つ以上の第1のフィルム構造の光学インデックスおよびフィルム厚さに関する情報を提供するステップと、1つ以上の第1のフィルム構造の光学インデックスおよびフィルム厚さ情報を用いて前記回折構造に関連する1つ以上のパラメータの基準データベースを作るステップとをさらに含み、前記決定するステップは前記基準データベースを使用する方法。 - 請求項10記載の方法において、
前記作るステップはそれぞれが前記回折構造の考えられるライン幅、高さまたは壁角に対応する複数の機能を含む基準データベースを作る方法。 - 請求項10記載の方法において、
前記作るステップは波長のスペクトルにわたる基準データベースを作り、前記照射するステップは前記スペクトルを含む波長の広帯域放射のビームを照射し、前記検出するステップは波長の前記スペクトルにわたる強度または楕円偏光パラメータ・データを検出する方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、
前記検出するステップは、前記回折構造からのビームのゼロ次回折を検出する方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、
前記照射するステップは、偏光している放射を前記回折部分に照射する方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、
複数の波長は、紫外線波長を含む方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、
前記基準構造および回折構造または少なくとも第1の層は、同じ製造プロセスから形成される方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、
前記決定するステップは、前記基準構造に関連するデータおよび最適化プロセスにおける前記回折構造から検出されたデータを用いて1つ以上のパラメータを決定し、かつ前記基準構造に関連するデータを最適化プロセスに順方向に送って、1つ以上のパラメータを決定するための最適化プロセスを簡略化する方法。
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AU2002360738A1 (en) | 2003-07-09 |
US7280230B2 (en) | 2007-10-09 |
WO2003054475A2 (en) | 2003-07-03 |
JP5650673B2 (ja) | 2015-01-07 |
US20040070772A1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
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