JP4327820B2 - 半導体装置およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4327820B2 JP4327820B2 JP2006156422A JP2006156422A JP4327820B2 JP 4327820 B2 JP4327820 B2 JP 4327820B2 JP 2006156422 A JP2006156422 A JP 2006156422A JP 2006156422 A JP2006156422 A JP 2006156422A JP 4327820 B2 JP4327820 B2 JP 4327820B2
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 93
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 103
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 101
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 99
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 78
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 77
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- VLJQDHDVZJXNQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-(oxomethylidene)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)N=C=O)C=C1 VLJQDHDVZJXNQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910018098 Ni-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910018529 Ni—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019001 CoSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588731 Hafnia Species 0.000 description 1
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- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PEUPIGGLJVUNEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Ni] PEUPIGGLJVUNEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
K.Takahashi et al., "Dual Workfunction Ni-Silicide/HfSiON Gate Stacks by Phase-Controlled Full-Silicidation (PC-FUSI) Technique for 45nm-node LSTP and LOP Devices", 2004 IEDM, p.p.91-94 C.F.Huang and B.Y.Tsui, "Analysis of NiSi Fully-silicided Gate on SiO2 and HfO2 for CMOS Application", 2005 SSDM, p.p.506-507
本発明の第1実施形態による半導体装置を説明する。本実施形態の半導体装置はCMOSトランジスタであって、その断面を図9に示す。
次に、第1実施形態の半導体装置の製造方法を説明する。
HfSiONの組成は、本実施形態の効果に関する限り、特段上記組成に限定されるものではない。しかしながら、比誘電率を、典型的には10以上の値を保ちながら、絶縁膜としての信頼性を維持するという観点から考えると、Hf/(Hf+Si)は0.3〜0.8が望ましく、N濃度は20%以下であることが望ましい。
第1実施形態の変形例として、ゲート絶縁膜がSiONのみからなる場合は下記のように製造される。変更点は絶縁膜の堆積工程のみであり、図10の工程の替わりに、図18に示すようにゲート絶縁膜21としてSiON膜を堆積、引き続いてゲートとなるシリコン層23を堆積する。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態による半導体装置を説明する。本実施形態の半導体装置はCMOSトランジスタであって、第1実施形態とは以下の点で異なっている。
本実施形態では、図21に示すように、図20に示すP型ウェル領域2上部にのみNi層(薄膜)28を30nmスパッタ堆積した。ここで、シリコン層23の厚さは70nmである。その後、650℃30秒の熱処理によりNiとシリコン層23を反応させ、NiSi2層16を形成した後、未反応Niを硫酸により除去した。このようにして図22に示す構造を得る。NiSi2はNi−Si系の熱力学的に安定なシリサイド相の中で最もシリコンリッチな化合物であり、シリコンリッチであるがゆえに仕事関数は最も低い4.55eV程度以下の値を示す。
次に、本発明の第3実施形態による半導体装置を説明する。本実施形態の半導体装置は、CMOSトランジスタであって、第2実施形態とは以下の点で異なっている。
本実施形態では、図26に示すように、N型ウェル領域2の上部にのみPt層31を50nmスパッタ法で堆積した。その後、450℃、1分の熱処理によりPt層31とシリコン層23(70nm)を反応させ、PtSi層12を形成した。その後、未反応のPtを王水により除去した。続いて、P型ウェル領域3の上部にのみEr層32を50nm、その上部にW層33を30nm堆積し、図27に示す構造を得た。この構造に対し、450℃、1分間の熱処理を施すことにより、Er層32とシリコン層23を反応させ、Er3Si5層16を形成した。その後、硫酸によって未反応のEr、およびW層を選択的に剥離した。W層33には、Erシリサイド形成熱処理時のErの酸化反応を抑制し、Er3Si5層16の形成を安定化する役割がある。これにより、PチャネルMISトランジスタについてはPtSi、NチャネルMISトランジスタについてはEr3Si5をゲート電極とするCMOSトランジスタを実現できる。引き続いての不純物偏析層の導入工程は第1実施形態で説明したと同様にして、図9に示すCMOSトランジスタの構造を得た。
次に、本発明の第4実施形態による半導体装置を説明する。本実施形態の半導体装置はスタック型メモリであって、複数のメモリセルを備えている。このメモリセルを図28(a)、28(b)を参照して説明する。
2 N型ウェル領域
3 P型ウェル領域
4 素子分離層
5 P型拡散層
6 P型エクステンション層
7 N型拡散層
8 N型エクステンション層
9 ゲート絶縁膜
10 バッファ層
11 不純物偏析層
12 ゲート電極層
13 ゲート絶縁膜
14 バッファ層
15 不純物偏析層
16 ゲート電極層
17 サイドウォール
18 層間絶縁層
19 PチャネルMISトランジスタ
20 NチャネルMISトランジスタ
21 ゲート絶縁膜
22 バッファ膜
23 シリコン層
24 金属層
25 金属シリサイド
26 レジストマスク層
27 レジストマスク層
28 Ni層(薄膜)
29 Ni層(厚膜)
30 Ti層
31 Pt層
32 Er層
33 W層
34 半導体基板
35 ソース・ドレイン拡散層
36 トンネル絶縁膜
37 浮遊ゲート電極
38 電極間絶縁膜
38a High−k材料からなる絶縁膜
38b 制御ゲート界面絶縁層
40 制御ゲート電極
41 側壁酸化膜
42 層間絶縁膜
43 素子分離用絶縁層
44 不純物偏析層
45 マスク材
46 素子分離溝
47 多結晶シリコン層
48 マスク材
49 金属層
50 金属シリサイド
Claims (10)
- 基板と、
前記基板に形成されたN型半導体層と、前記N型半導体層上に形成されたシリコンおよび酸素ならびに窒素を含む単層の第1ゲート絶縁膜と、前記第1ゲート絶縁膜上に形成される第1ゲート電極と、前記第1ゲート絶縁膜と前記第1ゲート電極との界面に形成され13族元素を含む第1界面層と、前記第1ゲート電極の両側の前記N型半導体層に形成されたソース・ドレイン領域とを有し、前記界面層の前記13族元素の結合状態は酸化、窒化または酸窒化結合状態の総数よりも金属結合状態の総数が多いPチャネルMISトランジスタと、
前記基板に形成されたP型半導体層と、前記P型半導体層上に形成されたシリコンおよび酸素ならびに窒素を含む第2ゲート絶縁膜と、前記第2ゲート絶縁膜上に形成される第2ゲート電極と、前記第2ゲート絶縁膜と前記第2ゲート電極との界面に形成される15族元素を含む第2界面層と、前記第2ゲート電極の両側の前記P型半導体層に形成されたソース・ドレイン領域とを有するNチャネルMISトランジスタと、
を備えたことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 前記第1界面層の前記13族元素のうち、酸化、窒化、酸窒化結合状態にある元素は主として前記第1ゲート絶縁膜側に分布し、金属結合状態にある元素は主として前記第1ゲート電極側に存在することを特徴とする請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1界面層の前記13族元素はボロンあるいはアルミニウムであることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1界面層の前記13族元素はボロンであることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1、第2ゲート電極が同一の仕事関数を持つ材料で構成され、その仕事関数は4.55eV以上4.75eV以下であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1および第2ゲート電極はそれぞれ、Ni、Coのうちの少なくとも1つの金属を含む金属珪化物で構成されることを特徴とする請求項5記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ゲート電極は仕事関数が4.75eV以上5.10eV以下の材料で構成され、前記第2ゲート電極は仕事関数が4.20eV以上4.55eV以下の材料で構成されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ゲート電極がNi、Coのうちの少なくとも1つの金属を含む第1金属珪化物で構成されかつ前記第1金属珪化物における金属とシリコンとの組成比が2以上であり、前記第2ゲート電極が前記第1ゲート電極と同じ金属を含む第2金属珪化物で構成されかつ前記第2金属珪化物における金属とシリコンとの組成比が1より小さいことを特徴とする請求項7記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ゲート電極がNi、Co、Pt、Ir、Ru、Pd、Reのうちの少なくとも1つの金属を含む第1金属珪化物で構成され、前記第2ゲート電極がNi、W、Ti、Zr、Hf、Ta、Nb、Erのうちの1つの金属を含む第2金属珪化物で構成されることを特徴とする請求項7記載の半導体装置。
- 互いに絶縁分離されたN型半導体領域およびP型半導体領域を有する基板の各半導体領域上に少なくともシリコンおよび酸素ならびに窒素を含む単層の第1絶縁層を形成する工程と、
前記第1絶縁層上にシリコン層を形成する工程と、
前記第1絶縁層および前記シリコン層をゲート電極形状に加工する工程と、
前記シリコン層上に金属層を形成する工程と、
熱処理によって前記シリコン層と前記金属層とを化学反応させ、前記シリコン層を金属珪化物層に転換する工程と、
前記N型半導体領域上の前記金属珪化物層に対し13族元素を導入し、P型半導体領域上の前記金属珪化物層に対し15族元素を導入する工程と、
前記13族元素および15族元素を熱処理によって拡散させ、少なくともその一部を前記第1絶縁層と前記金属珪化物層の界面を含む領域に偏在させる工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。
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