JP4315305B2 - Magnetic heater - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used for improving the startability of various vehicle engines such as automobiles mainly powered by a diesel engine or a gasoline engine in cold or extremely cold conditions, or for cabin heating of various vehicles or ships including electric vehicles. Preheating or rapid heating of engine cooling water for generators, welding machines, compressors, construction machines, etc. that are used as auxiliary heating means for heat medium fluid such as engine cooling water (shortening warm-up time) Furthermore, the present invention relates to a magnet heater used in a device for pumping hot water while raising the temperature, a heater for an air conditioner, a dryer such as a hair dryer, or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As an auxiliary heating heat source for a vehicle such as an automobile used for heating engine cooling water at start-up in a cold region or the like, a viscous heater is known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 2-246823, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-11716). JP-A-9-254637, JP-A-9-66729, JP-A-9-323530, etc.).
The viscous heater generates heat by shearing a viscous fluid such as silicon oil and uses it as a heating heat source by exchanging heat with circulating water circulating in the water jacket. A water jacket is formed in the chamber and the outer area of the heat generating chamber, a drive shaft is rotatably supported on the housing via a bearing device, and a rotor rotatable in the heat generating chamber is fixed to the drive shaft. A viscous fluid such as silicone oil is sealed in the gap between the wall surface of the heat generating chamber and the rotor, and circulating water is taken in from the water inlet port in the water jacket and circulated to be sent out from the water outlet port to the external heating circuit.
[0003]
In this viscous heater incorporated in a vehicle heating device, if the drive shaft is driven by the engine, the rotor rotates in the heat generating chamber, so that viscous fluid is sheared in the gap between the wall surface of the heat generating chamber and the outer surface of the rotor. The generated heat is exchanged with the circulating water in the water jacket, and the heated circulating water is used for heating the vehicle such as engine cooling water in the heating circuit.
[0004]
However, the above-mentioned viscous heater can be reduced in size and cost by a simple structure, and can be secured with high reliability and safety by a non-contact mechanism without wear, and the water temperature can be increased. However, when the auxiliary heater is not required, the operation is automatically stopped by temperature control, so that useless energy is not used. However, the heat resistance of silicone oil used as a viscous fluid is limited to about 240 ° C. The temperature of the silicone oil cannot be increased too much, and it takes time until the silicone oil is stirred and heats up to a high temperature. At the same time, when the temperature of the silicone oil rises, the viscosity decreases and the shear resistance decreases. Because the amount of heat generated per unit time tends to decrease gradually, the rapid heating effect in the engine cold time is not obtained There is a point. Further, since the viscosity of the viscous fluid increases when the usage environment is extremely low, the viscous torque at the time of startup increases. In particular, when the engine is driven, an excessive load is applied at startup. For this reason, in particular, in the case of a cold district specification vehicle equipped with a diesel engine, such a viscous heater is not sufficient in effectiveness, and can heat the heating medium fluid to a high temperature in a shorter time and efficiently. An auxiliary heater was desired.
[0005]
Therefore, in view of the problems of such a viscous heater, the present inventor can raise the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at a higher temperature and in a shorter time than the viscous heater, and has excellent heat resistance. A magnetic heater has been developed and proposed earlier.
The principle of this magnet heater is a system in which slip heat generated on the conductor side is exchanged with the heat medium fluid by shearing the magnetic path formed between the magnet and the conductor. Two members, a magnet such as ferrite, and a conductor (heating element) such as a material having a large magnetic hysteresis or an eddy current face each other with a slight gap, and the magnet and the conductor rotate relatively to shear the magnetic path. Thus, slip heat generated on the conductor side is utilized, and by using an eddy current material or a hysteresis material for the conductor, heat can be generated at a temperature of 200 to 600 ° C. in several seconds to several tens of seconds. The above-mentioned “slip heat generation” means that when a conductor is moved (rotated) in a direction in which the magnetic field is cut in the magnetic field generated by the magnet, an eddy current (eddy current) is generated in the conductor. It means that heat is generated by electric resistance in the conductor of current.
[0006]
As this type of magnet-type heater, for example, the conductor is used as a fluid jacket for a heat medium, and is supported on a drive shaft through a bearing device so as not to rotate. The heat medium is rotatably provided by the drive shaft. The heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by the slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket by the rotation of the magnet rotating body having the permanent magnet disposed opposite to the heat fluid jacket with a slight gap. In the fan casing, at least the wheel disc of the fan driven by the engine or motor is made of a conductor, and has a permanent magnet that is arranged to face this wheel disc made of a conductor with a slight gap. It is equipped with a magnet rotating body, and fan casing is generated by slip heat generated in the wheel disc made of conductor by the rotation of the fan. And the like as the heat medium fluid of the inner has no structure to be heated.
[0007]
FIG. 5 shows an example of a magnet type heater using a centrifugal fan. The centrifugal fan has a conductor attached to a wheel disk, or the wheel disk is made of a conductor, and a slight gap is formed between the conductor or the wheel disk made of conductor. Permanent magnets that are arranged opposite to each other are incorporated into the heater body, and the air in the heater body is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor by the rotation of the centrifugal fan. A motor is used as the rotational drive source of the heater, and the wheel disk 12a of the centrifugal fan 12 attached to the rotating shaft 14 of the drive motor 13 is made of a conductor in the fan casing 11, and the wheel disk 12a made of the conductor Annular magnet support 15 facing with a slight gap is Attached to ring 11, the driving motor 13 on the back of the magnet support 15 is mounted. A donut-shaped permanent magnet 16 is mounted on the magnet support 15 via a yoke 16a.
The conductor wheel disk 12a is formed by adhering an eddy current material such as copper aluminum on the surface of the base material made of a material such as alnico, ferritic stainless steel, hysteresis material, or iron plate on the permanent magnet 16 side. Or eddy current material itself.
[0008]
When the drive motor 13 is activated in the magnet heater having the above-described configuration, the low-temperature air that has flowed into the fan casing 11 from the air inlet 17 flows as indicated by the arrows, and at the same time, the conductor wheel disk 12a and the fan The magnetic path formed between the magnet support 15 attached to the casing 11 and the permanent magnet 16 is sheared, and slip heat is generated in the wheel disk 12a made of conductor. The heat generated in the conductor wheel disk 12a is heat-exchanged with the air flowing through the fan casing 11 via the centrifugal fan 12, and is discharged from the air discharge port 18 as warm air or hot air.
Although a centrifugal fan is shown here, any of a sirocco fan, a vane type fan, an axial fan, a turbo fan, and the like may be used.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above-mentioned permanent magnet and thermal ferrite magnet and a conductor (heating element) such as a material with a large magnetic hysteresis or an eddy current material face each other with a slight gap, and the magnet and the conductor rotate relatively. In the case of a magnet-type heater that exchanges heat generated by the slip heat generated on the conductor side by shearing the magnetic path with the fluid for the heat medium, the amount of heat generated by the heater is determined by torque x number of revolutions, and the magnet is constant The amount of heat generated increases or decreases depending on the relative rotational speed of the conductor. However, conventional magnet heaters generate slip heat on the conductor side by rotating only one of the magnet side and the conductor side, so the relative rotation speed between the magnet side and the conductor side is sufficient. A wide range could not be secured, and the heat generation efficiency could not be further increased. Further, in the method in which only one of the magnet side and the conductor side is rotated, the amount of generated heat cannot be easily controlled.
[0010]
The present invention has been made to solve such problems. By adopting a system in which the magnet side and the conductor side are rotated in reverse directions using a planetary gear mechanism, the relative rotation between the magnet side and the conductor side is achieved. An object of the present invention is to provide a magnet heater that can ensure the number in a sufficiently wide range and can easily control the amount of heat generation.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The magnet heater according to the present invention is a system in which a magnet and a conductor are arranged to face each other with a slight gap, and the heat medium fluid is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor by relatively rotating the magnet and the conductor. The first embodiment is characterized in that the conductor is attached to a drive shaft, and a magnet rotating body is supported on the drive shaft via a planetary gear mechanism so as to be reversely rotatable with respect to the conductor. ,
A second embodiment includes a rotating body made of a conductor attached to a drive shaft and housed in a casing, and a magnet rotating body having a permanent magnet disposed opposite to the rotating body made of conductor with a slight gap therebetween, In the magnet heater in which the heat medium fluid in the casing is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor rotating member by relative rotation between the magnet rotating body and the conductor rotating member, the magnet rotating body is the conductor. A planetary gear mechanism is supported by a drive shaft of a rotating member made of a sun gear fixed to the drive shaft via a planetary gear mechanism. The planetary gear mechanism is supported by a carrier supported by the drive shaft via a bearing device. A pinion gear that is supported and a ring gear that is fixed to the magnet rotating body, and the conductor rotating member and the magnet rotating body in a state where the carrier is fixed. By reversely rotating to each other and characterized in that without a structure that the fluid heat-transfer medium in the casing is heated,
According to a third embodiment, there is provided a magnet rotating body having a conductor rotating member attached to a drive shaft and housed in a casing, and a permanent magnet disposed opposite to the conductor rotating member with a slight gap therebetween, In the magnet heater having a structure in which the heat medium fluid in the casing is heated by the slip heat generated in the conductor rotating member by relative rotation of the magnet rotating member and the conductor rotating member, the magnet rotating body is made of the conductor. The planetary gear mechanism is supported on a drive shaft of a rotating member via a planetary gear mechanism, and the planetary gear mechanism is supported on a sun gear fixed to the drive shaft and a carrier supported on the drive shaft via a bearing device. The pinion gear and the ring gear fixed to the magnet rotating body side, the magnet rotation by rotating the carrier in the direction opposite to the drive shaft Was characterized by said conductor made rotary member without a structure that the fluid heat-transfer medium in and accelerated from the rotation speed of the reverse direction a and the drive shaft casing is heated,
According to a fourth embodiment, there is provided a magnet rotating body having a conductor rotating member attached to a drive shaft and housed in a casing, and a permanent magnet disposed opposite to the conductor rotating member with a slight gap therebetween, In the magnet heater having a structure in which the heat medium fluid in the casing is heated by the slip heat generated in the conductor rotating member by relative rotation of the magnet rotating member and the conductor rotating member, the magnet rotating body is made of the conductor. The planetary gear mechanism is supported on a drive shaft of a rotating member via a planetary gear mechanism, and the planetary gear mechanism is supported on a sun gear fixed to the drive shaft and a carrier supported on the drive shaft via a bearing device. A pinion gear and a ring gear fixed to the magnet rotating body side, the conductor rotating member and the magnet rotating body in a state where the carrier is not fixed Is characterized in that almost stops the heating of the relative rotational speed of the constant velocity with minimal or zero.
The rotating member made of a conductor may be a fan or an impeller or vane having a pump function, such as a wheel disc.
[0012]
That is, the present invention is configured so that the drive shaft side and the magnet rotating body side can be rotated in the reverse direction via the planetary gear mechanism, and the carrier of the planetary gear mechanism can be selected from fixed, rotating, and free. The side and the magnet rotor side can be rotated in reverse, increased speed, constant speed, etc., which makes it easy to secure the relative rotational speed and control the amount of heat generated on the drive shaft side and the magnet rotor side.
[0013]
An electromagnetic clutch, thermal ferrite, electromagnetic brake, electromagnetic coil, or the like can be used as an ON / OFF control means for the magnet heater. Thermal ferrite is generally made by attaching soft ferrite to a permanent magnet. When heat is generated above a certain temperature, the magnetic path passes through the soft ferrite. Since the magnet has the characteristic that the path is formed outside the soft ferrite, if thermal ferrite is used for the permanent magnet, the ON / OFF control is automatically possible, so the ON / OFF control system is unnecessary. It is. Further, the present invention can turn off the heater by freeing the carrier of the planetary gear mechanism.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to claim 2 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line E in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a magnet type corresponding to claim 3. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to the fourth aspect of the present invention. 1 is a fan casing, 2 is a centrifugal fan, 2a is a wheel disc 3 is a drive shaft, 4 is a magnet rotating body, 4a is a fin, 5 is a permanent magnet, 6 is a sun gear, 7 is a pinion gear, 8 is a carrier, 9 is a ring gear, 10 and 11 are bearing devices, 12 is a fixed arm, 13 Is a support fixing part, 14 is a pulley, 15 is a seal part, 16 is a heat medium fluid inlet, and 17 is a heat medium fluid outlet. Here, an example applied to a magnet type heater using a centrifugal fan will be described.
[0015]
That is, the magnet type heater shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a conductor attached to the wheel disk of the centrifugal fan, or the wheel disk itself is made of a conductor, and is disposed opposite to this conductor or the wheel disk made of conductor with a slight gap. The permanent magnet is incorporated in the heater body, and the heat medium fluid such as air in the heater body is heated by the slip heat generated in the conductor by the rotation of the centrifugal fan. Is a structure in which a rotating magnet is supported on a drive shaft of a centrifugal fan via a planetary gear mechanism so as to be reversely rotatable. The structure is a centrifugal fan mounted on the drive shaft 3 and housed in the fan casing 1. 2 wheel disc 2a made of a conductor, and a cylinder facing this wheel disc 2a made of conductor with a slight gap therebetween Magnetic rotating body 4 is the sun gear 6 to the drive shaft 3, the pinion gear 7 is reversed rotatably supported via a planetary gear mechanism composed of the carrier 8 and ring gear 9. A sun gear 6 of the planetary gear mechanism is attached to the drive shaft 3, and a pinion gear 7 that meshes with the sun gear 6 is pivotally supported by a carrier 8 that is attached to the drive shaft 3 via a bearing device 10, and meshes with the pinion gear 7. The ring gear 9 is integrally fitted to the magnet rotating body 4 and supported by a bearing device 11 provided between the ring gear 9 and the carrier 8. The carrier 8 is fixed to the support fixing portion 13 via the fixing arm 12. The joint between the magnet rotating body 4 and the fan casing 1 is sealed by a seal portion 15 so as to be rotatable. In addition, the fin 4a provided in the back surface of the magnet rotating body 4 is provided for cooling, and is not necessarily required.
[0016]
In the magnet heater having the above-described configuration, when the drive shaft 3 is driven by an engine, for example, the centrifugal fan 2 attached to the drive shaft 3 rotates and flows into the fan casing 1 from the heat medium fluid inlet 16. At the same time as the heat medium fluid flows as indicated by the arrow, the magnet rotating body 4 supported on the drive shaft 3 via the planetary gear mechanism rotates in the opposite direction to the centrifugal fan 2, and the conductive wheel of the centrifugal fan 2 is made. The magnetic path formed between the disk 2a and the permanent magnet 5 is sheared, and slip heat is generated in the conductive wheel disk 2a. The slip heat generated by the wheel disk 2a is exchanged with the heat medium fluid in the fan casing 1.
In the case of this magnet heater, since the centrifugal fan 2 side and the permanent magnet 5 side rotate in the reverse direction with the carrier 8 fixed, the relative rotational speed increases. Therefore, a sufficient relative rotational speed can be ensured without rotating the drive shaft 3 at high speed, and heat exchange is performed with high heat generation efficiency.
[0017]
Next, in the magnet heater shown in FIG. 3, the relative speed between the centrifugal fan 2 and the permanent magnet 5 is increased by rotating the carrier 8 in the direction opposite to the drive shaft 3 side in the magnet heater shown in FIGS. The maximum heat generation amount can be obtained by increasing the speed, and a pulley 14 is attached to the carrier 8 of the pinion gear 7 in the same configuration as the magnet heater shown in FIGS. 8 is configured to be able to rotate in the direction opposite to the drive shaft 3 side.
Therefore, in the case of this magnet heater, when the drive shaft 1 is driven as described above, the heat medium fluid flowing into the fan casing 1 from the heat medium fluid inlet 16 flows as indicated by the arrow, By rotating the magnet rotating body 4 supported on the drive shaft 3 via the planetary gear mechanism in the opposite direction to the centrifugal fan 2 and simultaneously rotating the carrier 8 via the pulley 14 in the opposite direction to the drive shaft 1 side, The relative speed of the centrifugal fan 2 and the permanent magnet 5 is further increased, and the maximum heat generation amount is obtained.
[0018]
On the other hand, the magnet heater shown in FIG. 4 is obtained by freeing the carrier 8 of the pinion gear 7 in order to minimize slip heat generation in the magnet heater shown in FIGS. Therefore, in the case of this magnet type heater, when the drive shaft 1 is driven as described above, the heat medium fluid flowing into the fan casing 1 from the heat medium fluid inlet 16 flows as indicated by the arrow, but the carrier 8 Since the magnet rotating body 4 is free, the magnet rotating body 4 rotates at the same speed as the conductor due to the magnetic action of the permanent magnet 5 and the conductor or with a slight speed difference due to the friction loss of the seal member of the seal portion 15. Slip heat generation that occurs is stopped or minimized.
[0019]
1 to 4 have been described by taking a magnet type heater using a centrifugal fan as an example, but the planetary gear mechanism is, for example, a type in which a disk-shaped retarder disk whose entirety is a conductor rotates in an integral housing, etc. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to other magnetic heaters. The retarder disk uses an eddy current material such as copper or aluminum, and a magnetic ring plate made of magnetic material such as alnico, ferritic stainless steel, hysteresis material or iron plate is attached to the opposite side of the magnet. In addition, a retarder plate made of eddy current material such as copper or aluminum is attached to the magnet side of a magnetic disk made of magnetic material such as alnico, ferritic stainless steel, hysteresis material, or iron plate. It may be configured.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the magnet heater according to the present invention is configured so that the drive shaft side and the magnet rotating body side can be rotated in the reverse direction via the planetary gear mechanism, so that the relative rotation between the drive shaft side and the magnet rotating body side is achieved. The number can be secured in a sufficiently wide range, and high heat generation efficiency can be obtained, and excellent effects such as easy control of the heat generation amount can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to claim 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line II in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to the third aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to the fourth aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal side view showing an example of a conventional magnet heater targeted by the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fan casing 2 Centrifugal fan 2a Wheel disk 3 Drive shaft 4 Magnet rotating body 4a Fin 5 Permanent magnet 6 Sun gear 7 Pinion gear 8 Carrier 9 Ring gear 10, 11 Bearing device 12 Fixed arm 13 Support fixing part 14 Pulley 15 Sealing part 16 Heat medium fluid Inlet 17 Heat medium fluid outlet

Claims (5)

A magnet and a conductor are arranged to face each other with a slight gap, and a heating medium fluid is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor by relatively rotating the magnet and the conductor, and the conductor is placed on a drive shaft. A magnet-type heater mounted and mounted on the drive shaft through a planetary gear mechanism so as to be supported so as to be reversely rotatable with respect to the conductor .   A magnet and a conductor are arranged opposite to each other with a slight gap, and a heating medium fluid is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor by relatively rotating the magnet and the conductor, and is attached to a drive shaft. A rotating member made of a conductor housed in a casing, and a rotating magnet member having a permanent magnet disposed opposite to the rotating member made of conductor with a slight gap therebetween, by relative rotation of the rotating magnet member and the rotating member made of a conductor. In the magnet heater in which the heat medium fluid in the casing is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor rotating member, the magnet rotating body is connected to the drive shaft of the conductor rotating member via a planetary gear mechanism. The planetary gear mechanism is supported by a sun gear fixed to the drive shaft and a carrier supported by the drive shaft via a bearing device. The heat transfer medium fluid in the casing is constituted by a pinion gear and a ring gear fixed to the magnet rotating body side, and the conductor rotating member and the magnet rotating body are rotated in the reverse direction with the carrier fixed. A magnet-type heater characterized by a heated structure.   A magnet and a conductor are arranged opposite to each other with a slight gap, and a heating medium fluid is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor by relatively rotating the magnet and the conductor, and is attached to a drive shaft. A rotating member made of a conductor housed in a casing, and a rotating magnet member having a permanent magnet disposed opposite to the rotating member made of conductor with a slight gap therebetween, by relative rotation of the rotating magnet member and the rotating member made of a conductor. In the magnet heater in which the heat medium fluid in the casing is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor rotating member, the magnet rotating body is connected to the drive shaft of the conductor rotating member via a planetary gear mechanism. The planetary gear mechanism is supported by a sun gear fixed to the drive shaft and a carrier supported by the drive shaft via a bearing device. It is composed of a non-ion gear and a ring gear fixed to the magnet rotating body side, and rotates the carrier in a direction opposite to the driving shaft, thereby rotating the magnet rotating body in the direction opposite to the conductive rotating member and the rotational speed of the driving shaft. A magnet-type heater characterized in that the structure further heats up the fluid for the heat medium in the casing.   A magnet and a conductor are arranged opposite to each other with a slight gap, and a heating medium fluid is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor by relatively rotating the magnet and the conductor, and is attached to a drive shaft. A rotating member made of a conductor housed in a casing, and a rotating magnet member having a permanent magnet disposed opposite to the rotating member made of conductor with a slight gap therebetween, by relative rotation of the rotating magnet member and the rotating member made of a conductor. In the magnet heater in which the heat medium fluid in the casing is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor rotating member, the magnet rotating body is connected to the drive shaft of the conductor rotating member via a planetary gear mechanism. The planetary gear mechanism is supported by a sun gear fixed to the drive shaft and a carrier supported by the drive shaft via a bearing device. It is composed of a non-ion gear and a ring gear fixed to the magnet rotating body side, and heating is performed at a constant speed with the relative rotating speed of the conductor rotating member and the magnet rotating body being minimized or zero in a state where the carrier is not fixed. Magnet type heater characterized by almost stopping.   The magnet type heater according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rotating member made of a conductor includes an impeller or a vane having a fan or a pump function.

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