JP4208105B2 - Magnetic heater - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used for improving the startability of various vehicle engines such as automobiles mainly powered by a diesel engine or a gasoline engine in cold or extremely cold conditions, or for cabin heating of various vehicles or ships including electric vehicles. Preheating or rapid heating of engine cooling water for generators, welding machines, compressors, construction machines, etc. that are used as auxiliary heating means for heat medium fluid such as engine cooling water (shortening warm-up time) The present invention relates to a magnet type heater used in the above.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As an auxiliary heating heat source for a vehicle such as an automobile used for heating engine cooling water at the time of starting in a cold region, a viscous heater is known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 2-246823, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-11716). JP-A-9-254637, JP-A-9-66729, JP-A-9-323530, etc.).
The viscous heater generates heat by shearing a viscous fluid such as silicon oil and uses it as a heating heat source by exchanging heat with circulating water circulating in the water jacket. A water jacket is formed in the chamber and the outer area of the heat generating chamber, a drive shaft is rotatably supported on the housing via a bearing device, and a rotor rotatable in the heat generating chamber is fixed to the drive shaft. A viscous fluid such as silicone oil is sealed in the gap between the wall surface of the heat generating chamber and the rotor, and circulating water is taken in from the water inlet port in the water jacket and circulated to be sent out from the water outlet port to the external heating circuit.
[0003]
In this viscous heater incorporated in a vehicle heating device, if the drive shaft is driven by the engine, the rotor rotates in the heat generating chamber, so that viscous fluid is sheared in the gap between the wall surface of the heat generating chamber and the outer surface of the rotor. The generated heat is exchanged with the circulating water in the water jacket, and the heated circulating water is used for heating the vehicle such as engine cooling water in the heating circuit.
[0004]
However, the above-mentioned viscous heater can be reduced in size and cost by a simple structure, and can be secured with high reliability and safety by a non-contact mechanism without wear, and the water temperature can be increased. However, when the auxiliary heater is not required, the operation is automatically stopped by temperature control, so that useless energy is not used. However, the heat resistance of silicone oil used as a viscous fluid is limited to about 240 ° C. The temperature of the silicone oil cannot be increased too much, and it takes time until the silicone oil is stirred and heats up to a high temperature. At the same time, when the temperature of the silicone oil rises, the viscosity decreases and the shear resistance decreases. Because the amount of heat generated per unit time tends to decrease gradually, the rapid heating effect in the engine cold time is not obtained There is a point. Further, since the viscosity of the viscous fluid increases when the usage environment is extremely low, the viscous torque at the time of startup increases. In particular, when the engine is driven, an excessive load is applied at startup. For this reason, particularly in the case of a cold district specification vehicle equipped with a diesel engine, such a viscous heater cannot be said to be sufficient in effectiveness, and can heat the heat medium fluid to a high temperature in a shorter time and efficiently. An auxiliary heater was desired.
[0005]
Therefore, in view of the problems of such a viscous heater, the present inventor can raise the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at a higher temperature and in a shorter time than the viscous heater, and has excellent heat resistance. A magnetic heater has been developed and proposed earlier.
The principle of this magnet heater is a system in which slip heat generated on the conductor side is exchanged with the heat medium fluid by shearing the magnetic path formed between the magnet and the conductor. Two members, a magnet such as ferrite, and a conductor (heating element) such as a material having a large magnetic hysteresis or an eddy current face each other with a slight gap, and the magnet and the conductor rotate relatively to shear the magnetic path. Thus, slip heat generated on the conductor side is utilized, and by using an eddy current material or a hysteresis material for the conductor, heat can be generated at a temperature of 200 to 600 ° C. in several seconds to several tens of seconds. Note that the above-mentioned “slip heat generation” means that when a conductor is moved (rotated) in a magnetic field generated by the magnet in a direction to cut the magnetic field, an eddy current (eddy current) is generated in the conductor. It means that heat is generated by electric resistance in the conductor of current.
[0006]
As this type of magnet-type heater, for example, the conductor is used as a fluid jacket for a heat medium, and is supported on a drive shaft through a bearing device so as not to rotate. The heat medium is rotatably provided by the drive shaft. The heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by the slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket by the rotation of the permanent magnet rotating body having the permanent magnet disposed opposite to the heat medium jacket with a slight gap. A part of the fluid jacket for the heat medium, which is constituted by the conductor, is supported on the drive shaft by a non-rotating mechanism via a bearing device, and is provided so as to be rotatable by the driving shaft. A permanent magnet rotating body having a permanent magnet disposed facing a conductor of the medium fluid jacket with a slight gap, and the permanent magnet in the heat medium fluid jacket A structure having a back plate on the inner wall of the conductor on the opposite side, and heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket by rotation of the permanent magnet rotor There are things that became.
[0007]
FIG. 4 shows an example of a magnet heater in which a part of the heat medium fluid jacket is made of a conductor. A conductor lid 12-2 is placed on the front side of the water jacket main body 12-1, a seal ring 12-3, A water jacket 12 integrally mounted via 12-4 is supported on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 11 in a non-rotating manner via a bearing device 13, and is separated from a conductor 12-2 of the water jacket 12 by a slight gap. A magnet rotating body (yoke) 15 having a donut-shaped permanent magnet 14 disposed so as to be opposed is integrally attached to the drive shaft 11 with a fastening bolt 16. The water jacket 12 is provided with an inlet port P1 and an outlet port P2 for circulating water 17.
The drive shaft 1 is rotated by a belt by a vehicle engine or the like via a pulley 18.
[0008]
In the case of the magnet heater having the above-described configuration, when the drive shaft 11 is driven by the engine via the pulley 18, the permanent magnet rotating body 15 integrated with the drive shaft 11 is rotated and the permanent magnet 14 is rotated. Thus, the magnetic path formed between the conductor 12-2 attached to the water jacket main body 12-1 is sheared, and slip heat is generated in the conductor 12-2. The heat generated in the conductor 12-2 of the water jacket 12 is heat-exchanged with the circulating water 17 as the heat medium fluid in the jacket 12, and the heated circulating water is used for heating the vehicle in the heating circuit. Become.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of the magnet heater as shown in FIG. 4, the gap between the conductor 12-2 attached to the water jacket main body 12-1 and the permanent magnet 14 attached to the permanent magnet rotating body 15 is as shown in FIG. A leakage magnetic flux 19 is generated on the inner and outer peripheral sides of the permanent magnet 14. Therefore, in the magnet type heater as shown in FIG. 4, the leakage magnetic flux component causes a heat loss, and the heat generation efficiency cannot be said to be sufficient.
[0010]
The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and it is intended to provide a magnet heater having high heat generation efficiency by providing means for reducing the leakage magnetic flux between the conductor and the permanent magnet. To do.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The magnet heater according to the present invention is a system in which a magnet and a conductor are arranged to face each other with a slight gap, and the heat medium fluid is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor by relatively rotating the magnet and the conductor. In the first embodiment, a part of the fluid jacket for the heat medium is composed of the conductor, and is supported on the drive shaft through a bearing device so as not to rotate, and is provided so as to be rotatable by the drive shaft. A permanent magnet rotating body having a permanent magnet disposed opposite to the conductor of the heat medium fluid jacket with a slight gap, and the heat generated by the slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket by the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor. In the magnet heater having a structure in which the heat medium fluid in the medium fluid jacket is heated, the heat medium fluid jacket has a substantially U-shaped cross section. It is structured to reduce the leakage magnetic flux of the permanent magnet by providing it so as to surround the permanent magnet with a conductor formed so as to correspond to the cross-sectional shape of the jacket body on the front side of the B-shaped heat medium fluid jacket. The second embodiment is characterized in that a part of the fluid jacket for the heat medium is composed of the conductor, and is supported non-rotatably on the drive shaft via a bearing device, and can be rotated by the drive shaft. Slip heat generated in the fluid jacket for the heat medium due to the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor, and a permanent magnet rotor having a permanent magnet disposed opposite to the conductor of the fluid jacket for the heat medium with a slight gap. In the magnet heater having a structure in which the heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by the magnet, the conductor of the heat medium fluid jacket is made permanent. By attaching the inner and outer peripheral surfaces and the conductor made of the cover surrounding the conductor facing surface of the magnet stone facing surface, it is characterized in that no structure for reducing the leakage flux of the permanent magnet. Further, the conductor cover has a cross-sectional shape surrounding a part of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the permanent magnet and the opposing surface, or a cross-sectional shape surrounding the outer peripheral surface and the opposing surface of the permanent magnet. It is.
[0012]
That is, in the present invention, the magnetic flux generated on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet can be taken into the conductor side by the conductor or the conductor cover that constitutes a part of the fluid jacket for the heat medium. As a result of reducing the leakage magnetic flux, the heat generation amount is increased.
[0013]
An electromagnetic clutch, thermal ferrite, electromagnetic brake, electromagnetic coil, or the like can be used as an ON / OFF control means for the magnet heater. Thermal ferrite is generally made by attaching soft ferrite to a permanent magnet. When heat is generated above a certain temperature, the magnetic path passes through the soft ferrite. Since the magnet has the characteristic that the path is formed outside the soft ferrite, if thermal ferrite is used for the permanent magnet, the ON / OFF control is automatically possible, so the ON / OFF control system is unnecessary. It is.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to claim 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to claim 2. FIG. Is an example of a magnet heater corresponding to the third and fourth claims, (a) and (b) are longitudinal side views showing a part of the magnet heater corresponding to the third claim, and (c) is the same. It is a vertical side view which shows a part of magnet type heater corresponding to Claim 4, 1 is a drive shaft, 2A, 2B is a water jacket, 2A-1, 2B-1 is a water jacket main body, 2A-2, 2B-. 2 is a conductor lid, 2A-3 and 2B-3 are seal rings, 3 is a bearing device, 4 is a magnet rotating body, 5 is a permanent magnet, 6 is a pulley, 7 is circulating water, 8 is a fastening bolt, 9- 1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4 are conductor covers Show Re respectively.
[0015]
First, the magnet type heater shown in FIG. 1 is the same as that shown in FIG. 4 except that a part of the heat medium fluid jacket is made of a conductor, and the structure is a water jacket body 2A-1 having a substantially U-shaped cross section. A water jacket 2A, in which a conductor lid 2A-2 formed so as to correspond to the cross-sectional shape of the jacket body is integrally attached to the outer surface of the drive shaft 1 on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 1, is formed on the front surface side of The doughnut-shaped permanent magnet 5 is disposed on the inner side of the conductor lid body 2A-2 of the water jacket 2A so as to face the bottom surface of the lid body with a slight gap therebetween. A magnet rotating body (yoke) 4 is integrally attached to the drive shaft 1 with fastening bolts 8. In this case, the conductor lid 2A-2 of the water jacket 2A has a depth that can substantially surround the permanent magnet 5 attached to the magnet rotating body (yoke) 4. The water jacket 2A is provided with a water inlet port P1 and a water outlet port P2. The drive shaft 1 is rotated by a belt by a vehicle engine or the like via a pulley 6.
[0016]
In the magnet heater having the above configuration, when the drive shaft 1 is driven by the engine via the pulley 6, the magnet rotating body 4 integrated with the drive shaft 1 rotates, and the permanent magnet 5 rotates. A magnetic path formed between the conductor lid 2A-2 attached to the water jacket main body 2A-1 is sheared, and slip heat is generated in the conductor 2A-2. The heat generated by the conductor lid 2A-2 of the water jacket 2A is exchanged with the circulating water 7 as the heat medium fluid in the jacket 2A, and the heated circulating water is used for heating the vehicle in the heating circuit. The Rukoto.
In the case of this magnet heater, since the permanent magnet 5 is substantially surrounded by the conductor lid 2A-2, it is possible to take in the magnetic field lines on the outer peripheral side where the leakage magnetic flux is particularly large, by the lid 2A-2. Heat loss can be reduced.
[0017]
Next, the magnet type heater shown in FIG. 2 is structurally the same type as the conventional magnet type heater shown in FIG. 4, and the front side of the water jacket main body 2B-1 provided with a water inlet port P1 and a water outlet port P2. In the same manner as shown in FIG. 1, a water jacket 2B in which a flat conductor lid 2B-2 is integrally attached via a seal ring 2B-3 is not attached to the outer periphery of the drive shaft 1 via a bearing device 3. A magnet rotating body (yoke) 4 having a donut-shaped permanent magnet 5 that is supported by the rotation and arranged to face the conductor lid 2B-2 of the water jacket 2B with a slight gap is provided with a fastening bolt 8. In the magnet heater integrally attached to the drive shaft 1, the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the doughnut-shaped permanent magnet 5 are separated from the front surface of the conductor lid 2B-2 with a desired gap. It is constructed by attaching a conductor made cover 9-1 surrounding the fine lid facing surface. The drive shaft 1 is rotated by a belt by a vehicle engine or the like via a pulley 6 as described above.
[0018]
In the magnet heater having the above configuration, when the drive shaft 1 is driven by the engine via the pulley 6, the magnet rotating body 4 integrated with the drive shaft 1 rotates, and the permanent magnet 5 rotates. The magnetic cover formed between the conductor cover 9-1 and the conductor cover body 2B-2 attached to the conductor cover body 2B-2 of the water jacket main body 2B-1 is sheared to cause the conductor cover 9 to be sheared. -1 and conductor lid 2B-2 generate slip heat. The heat generated in the conductor cover 9-1 and the conductor lid 2B-2 is heat exchanged with the circulating water 7 as the heat medium fluid in the jacket 2B, and the heated circulating water is heated by the heating circuit. It will be used for heating.
In the case of this magnet heater, since the inner and outer peripheral surfaces and the opposed surface of the permanent magnet 5 are surrounded by the conductor cover 9-1, the leakage magnetic flux generated on the inner and outer peripheral sides of the permanent magnet 5 is transferred to the conductor. The heat loss can be further reduced.
[0019]
Moreover, the magnet type heater shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C is an example in which the structure of the conductor cover 9-1 in the magnet type heater shown in FIG. 2 is changed variously. The magnet heater shown in (b) is a conductor cover 9-2, 9- having a cross-sectional shape surrounding a part of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the permanent magnet 5 attached to the magnet rotating body 4 and the conductor facing surface. 3, the conductor cover 9-2 in the magnet heater shown in (a) has a cross-sectional shape that spreads outward at a portion surrounding a part of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the permanent magnet 5, The conductor cover 9-3 in the magnet heater shown in b) has a cross-sectional shape that follows a part of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the permanent magnet 5 along the shape of the magnet. In the case of the magnet heater shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the portions surrounded by the conductor covers 9-2 and 9-3 are only the conductor facing surface and a part of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the permanent magnet 5. Also in this case, the leakage magnetic flux generated on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet 5 can be taken into the conductor side, and the heat loss can be reduced. Further, the magnet type heater shown in FIG. 3 (c) uses a conductor cover 9-4 having a cross-sectional shape surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the permanent magnet 5 and the conductor facing surface. A large outer peripheral magnetic field line can be taken in by the cover 9-4, and heat loss can be reduced.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the magnet heater according to the present invention takes the leakage magnetic flux generated on the inner and outer peripheral sides of the permanent magnet by the conductor or the conductor cover constituting a part of the fluid jacket for the heat medium on the conductor side. By making it possible to reduce the leakage magnetic flux loss, it is possible to obtain an excellent effect of obtaining a high calorific value. Therefore, the present invention exhibits an excellent effect as an auxiliary heater capable of heating the heating medium fluid to a high temperature in a shorter time and efficiently, and is extremely effective particularly in a cold district specification vehicle equipped with a diesel engine.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to claim 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to claim 2;
FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate a magnet heater corresponding to claims 3 and 4, and FIGS. 3A and 3B are longitudinal side views showing a part of the magnet heater corresponding to claim 3; c) is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a part of a magnet heater corresponding to the fourth aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing an example of a conventional magnet heater that is the subject of the present invention.
5 is an explanatory view showing lines of magnetic force formed between a permanent magnet and a conductor in the magnet heater shown in FIG. 4. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drive shaft 2A, 2B Water jacket 2A-1, 2B-1 Water jacket main body 2A-2, 2B-2 Conductor cover body 2A-3, 2B-3 Seal ring 3 Bearing apparatus 4 Magnet rotating body 5 Permanent magnet 6 Pulley 7 Circulating water 8 Fastening bolts 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4 Conductor cover

Claims (4)

A system in which a magnet and a conductor are arranged to face each other with a slight gap, and the heat medium fluid is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor by relatively rotating the magnet and the conductor. A part of the conductor is configured to be non-rotatably supported by a drive shaft through a bearing device, and is rotatably provided by the drive shaft and is opposed to the conductor of the heat medium fluid jacket with a slight gap. A structure including a permanent magnet rotor having a permanent magnet disposed, and heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket being heated by slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket by rotation of the permanent magnet rotor; In the magnet-type heater, the heat medium fluid jacket has a substantially U-shaped cross section, and the jacket is disposed on the front side of the heat medium fluid jacket having the substantially U-shaped cross section. Magnet type heater is characterized in that no by conductors formed as corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the body by providing to surround the permanent magnet, a structure for reducing the leakage flux of the permanent magnet. A system in which a magnet and a conductor are arranged to face each other with a slight gap, and the heat medium fluid is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor by relatively rotating the magnet and the conductor. A part of the conductor is configured to be non-rotatably supported by a drive shaft through a bearing device, and is rotatably provided by the drive shaft and is opposed to the conductor of the heat medium fluid jacket with a slight gap. A structure including a permanent magnet rotor having a permanent magnet disposed, and heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket being heated by slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket by rotation of the permanent magnet rotor; In the magnetic heater, a conductor cover surrounding the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the magnet and the conductor facing surface is attached to the surface of the heat medium fluid jacket conductor facing the permanent magnet. By, magnet type heater is characterized in that no structure for reducing the leakage flux of the permanent magnet. The magnet heater according to claim 2, wherein the cover made of a conductor has a cross-sectional shape surrounding a part of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the permanent magnet and the opposing surface. 3. The magnet heater according to claim 2, wherein the cover made of a conductor has a cross-sectional shape surrounding an outer peripheral surface and a facing surface of the permanent magnet.

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