JP2012164963A - 薄膜トランジスタの半導体層用酸化物およびスパッタリングターゲット、並びに薄膜トランジスタ - Google Patents
薄膜トランジスタの半導体層用酸化物およびスパッタリングターゲット、並びに薄膜トランジスタ Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 83
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001552 radio frequency sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000560 X-ray reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 TiO 2 Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910007541 Zn O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明に係る薄膜トランジスタの半導体層用酸化物は、Zn、Sn、およびInを含み、酸化物に含まれる金属元素の含有量(原子%)をそれぞれ、[Zn]、[Sn]、および[In]としたとき、下記式(1)〜(3)を満足するものである。
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧−0.53×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])+0.36 ・・・(1)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧2.28×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−2.01 ・・・(2)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≦1.1×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−0.32 ・・・(3)
【選択図】なし
Description
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧−0.53×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])+0.36 ・・・(1)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧2.28×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−2.01 ・・・(2)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≦1.1×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−0.32 ・・・(3)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧0.05 ・・・(6)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧−0.53×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])+0.36 ・・・(1)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧2.28×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−2.01 ・・・(2)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≦1.1×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−0.32 ・・・(3)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧0.05 ・・・(6)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧−0.53×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])+0.36 ・・・(1)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧2.28×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−2.01 ・・・(2)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≦1.1×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−0.32 ・・・(3)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧0.05 ・・・(6)
上述したようにInは移動度を高める元素であり、上記式(6)で表わされる[In]の比が0.05未満では、上記効果が有効に発揮されない。より好ましいInの比は0.1以上である。一方、Inの比が高すぎると、ストレス耐性が低下したり、導体化し易くなるため、おおむね、0.5以下であることが好ましい。
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧−0.53×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])+0.36 ・・・(1)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧2.28×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−2.01 ・・・(2)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≦1.1×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−0.32 ・・・(3)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧0.05 ・・・(6)
ΔVthの絶対値が15V以下(○)を満たす酸化物半導体層の組成は、下記式(3)の範囲を満足することが好ましく;ΔVthの絶対値が10.0V以下(◎)を満たす酸化物半導体層の組成は、式(3)の範囲を満足するだけでは不十分であり、下記式(4)の範囲を満足することが好ましく;ΔVthの絶対値が6V以下(☆)を満たす酸化物半導体層の組成は、式(4)の範囲を満足するだけでは不十分であり、下記式(5)の範囲を満足することが好ましい。
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≦1.1×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−0.32 ・・・(3)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≦1.1×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−0.52 ・・・(4)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≦1.1×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−0.68 ・・・(5)
酸化物半導体層の密度が上記(イ)の範囲にあるときは、ΔVthの絶対値が、15V以下(○)、10V以下(◎)を満たす酸化物半導体層の組成は、いずれも、上記式(3)の範囲を満足することが好ましく;ΔVthの絶対値が6V以下(☆)を満たす酸化物半導体層の組成は、上記式(4)の範囲を満足することが好ましい。すなわち、上記(ア)に比べて酸化物半導体層の密度が高くなると、同じ評価基準のΔVthを得るための、酸化物半導体層の好ましい組成範囲(許容範囲)は、より広がり、(5)式の範囲を満足しなくても(4)式の範囲を満足するだけで、ΔVthの絶対値が6V以下(☆)のレベルが得られるようになる。
ΔVthの絶対値が、15V以下(○)、10V以下(◎)、6V以下(☆)を満たす酸化物半導体層の組成は、いずれも、上記式(3)の範囲を満足することが好ましい。すなわち、上記(イ)に比べて、更に酸化物半導体層の密度が高くなると、同じ評価基準のΔVthを得るための、酸化物半導体層の好ましい組成範囲(許容範囲)は、より一層広がり、(4)式の範囲を満足しなくても(3)式の範囲を満足するだけで、ΔVthの絶対値が6V以下(☆)のレベルが得られるようになる。
J. Parkら、Appl. Phys. Lett., 93,053505(2008)
前述した方法に基づき、図1に示す薄膜トランジスタ(TFT)を作製し、TFT特性およびストレス耐性を評価した。
基板温度:室温
ガス圧:5mTorr
酸素分圧:O2/(Ar+O2)=2%
膜厚:50nm
使用ターゲットサイズ:φ4インチ×5mm
投入パワー(DC):2.55W/cm2
トランジスタ特性(ドレイン電流−ゲート電圧特性、Id−Vg特性)の測定はアジレントテクノロジー株式会社製「4156C」の半導体パラメータアナライザーを使用した。詳細な測定条件は以下のとおりである。本実施例では、Vg=20Vのときのオン電流(Ion)を算出し、Ion≧1×10-5Aを合格とした。
ソース電圧 :0V
ドレイン電圧:10V
ゲート電圧 :−30〜30V(測定間隔:0.25V)
しきい値電圧とは、おおまかにいえば、トランジスタがオフ状態(ドレイン電流の低い状態)からオン状態(ドレイン電流の高い状態)に移行する際のゲート電圧の値である。本実施例では、ドレイン電流が、オン電流とオフ電流の間の1nAを超えたときの電圧をしきい値電圧と定義し、各TFT毎のしきい値電圧を測定した。本実施例では、Vth(絶対値)が5V以下のものを合格とした。
S値(SS値)は、ドレイン電流を一桁増加させるのに必要なゲート電圧の最小値とした。本実施例では、S値が1V/dec以下のものを合格とした。
キャリア移動度(電界効果移動度)は、以下の式を用いて飽和領域にて移動度を算出した。本実施例では、このようにして得られる飽和移動度が5cm2/Vs以上のものを合格とした。
本実施例では、実際のパネル駆動時の環境(ストレス)を模擬して、ゲート電極に負バイアスをかけながら光を照射するストレス印加試験を行った。ストレス印加条件は以下のとおりである。光の波長としては、酸化物半導体のバンドギャップに近く、トランジスタ特性が変動し易い400nm程度を選択した。
ゲート電圧:−20V
基板温度:60℃
光ストレス
波長:400nm
照度(TFTに照射される光の強度):0.1μW/cm2
光源:OPTOSUPPLY社製LED(NDフィルターによって光量を調整)
ストレス印加時間:3時間
本実施例では、表1のNo.3、No.6、およびNo.11に対応する組成の酸化物を用い、スパッタリング成膜時のガス圧を1mTorr、3mTorr、または5mTorrに制御して得られた酸化物膜(膜厚100nm)の密度を測定すると共に、前述した実施例1と同様にして作成したTFTについて、移動度およびストレス試験(光照射+負バイアスを印加)後のしきい値電圧の変化量(ΔVth)を調べた。膜密度の測定方法は以下のとおりである。
酸化物膜の密度は、XRR(X線反射率法)を用いて測定した。詳細な測定条件は以下のとおりである。
・ターゲット:Cu(線源:Kα線)
・ターゲット出力:45kV−200mA
・測定試料の作製
ガラス基板上に各組成の酸化物を下記スパッタリング条件で成膜した(膜厚100nm)後、前述した実施例1のTFT製造過程におけるプレアニール処理を模擬して、当該プレアニール処理と同じ熱処理を施したしたものを使用
スパッタガス圧:1mTorr、3mTorrまたは5mTorr
酸素分圧:O2/(Ar+O2)=2%
成膜パワー密度:DC2.55W/cm2
熱処理:大気雰囲気にて350℃で1時間
2 ゲート電極
3 ゲート絶縁膜
4 酸化物半導体層
5 ソース・ドレイン電極
6 保護膜(絶縁膜)
7 コンタクトホール
8 透明導電膜
Claims (6)
- 薄膜トランジスタの半導体層に用いられる酸化物であって、
前記酸化物は、Zn、Sn、およびInを含み、
前記酸化物に含まれる金属元素の含有量(原子%)をそれぞれ、[Zn]、[Sn]、および[In]としたとき、下記式(1)〜(3)を満足することを特徴とする薄膜トランジスタの半導体層に用いられる酸化物。
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧−0.53×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])+0.36 ・・・(1)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧2.28×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−2.01 ・・・(2)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≦1.1×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−0.32 ・・・(3) - 前記酸化物に含まれる金属元素の含有量(原子%)をそれぞれ、[Zn]、[Sn]、および[In]としたとき、下記式(6)を満足する請求項1に記載の酸化物。
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧0.05 ・・・(6) - 請求項1または2に記載の酸化物を薄膜トランジスタの半導体層として備えた薄膜トランジスタ。
- 前記半導体層の密度は5.8g/cm3以上である請求項3に記載の薄膜トランジスタ。
- 請求項1に記載の酸化物を形成するためのスパッタリングターゲットであって、
前記スパッタリングターゲットに含まれる金属元素の含有量(原子%)をそれぞれ、[Zn]、[Sn]、および[In]としたとき、下記式(1)〜(3)を満足することを特徴とするスパッタリングターゲット。
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧−0.53×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])+0.36 ・・・(1)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧2.28×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−2.01 ・・・(2)
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≦1.1×[Zn]/([Zn]+[Sn])−0.32 ・・・(3) - 請求項2に記載の酸化物を形成するためのスパッタリングターゲットであって、
前記酸化物に含まれる金属元素の含有量(原子%)をそれぞれ、[Zn]、[Sn]、および[In]としたとき、下記式(6)を満足する請求項5に記載のスパッタリングターゲット。
[In]/([In]+[Zn]+[Sn])≧0.05 ・・・(6)
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KR20130091771A (ko) | 2013-08-19 |
WO2012070675A1 (ja) | 2012-05-31 |
CN103229302B (zh) | 2016-06-29 |
KR20190026053A (ko) | 2019-03-12 |
US9178073B2 (en) | 2015-11-03 |
TW201234497A (en) | 2012-08-16 |
TWI479576B (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
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