JP2011506604A - ノルモルフィナン塩を調製するためのプロセス - Google Patents
ノルモルフィナン塩を調製するためのプロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011506604A JP2011506604A JP2010539461A JP2010539461A JP2011506604A JP 2011506604 A JP2011506604 A JP 2011506604A JP 2010539461 A JP2010539461 A JP 2010539461A JP 2010539461 A JP2010539461 A JP 2010539461A JP 2011506604 A JP2011506604 A JP 2011506604A
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- hydrocarbyl
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
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- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000000370 acceptor Substances 0.000 description 13
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- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 12
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- RIFGWPKJUGCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl chloroformate Chemical compound CCOC(Cl)=O RIFGWPKJUGCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- INAXVFBXDYWQFN-XHSDSOJGSA-N morphinan Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2[C@]23CCCC[C@H]3[C@@H]1NCC2 INAXVFBXDYWQFN-XHSDSOJGSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 0 CN(CC1)C(C(*)c2c(*)c(*)c3O)C(*)(CC4)C11c2c3OC1C4=O Chemical compound CN(CC1)C(C(*)c2c(*)c(*)c3O)C(*)(CC4)C11c2c3OC1C4=O 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
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- RBWSWDPRDBEWCR-RKJRWTFHSA-N sodium;(2r)-2-[(2r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-oxo-2h-furan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethanolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O RBWSWDPRDBEWCR-RKJRWTFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019330 stearyl citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012258 stirred mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YIBXWXOYFGZLRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N syringic aldehyde Natural products CC12CCC(C3(CCC(=O)C(C)(C)C3CC=3)C)C=3C1(C)CCC2C1COC(C)(C)C(O)C(O)C1 YIBXWXOYFGZLRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001367 tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004250 tert-Butylhydroquinone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019281 tert-butylhydroquinone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019303 thiodipropionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000790 thymol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003802 tocotrienol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011731 tocotrienol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019148 tocotrienols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005425 toluyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NGSWKAQJJWESNS-ZZXKWVIFSA-N trans-4-coumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NGSWKAQJJWESNS-ZZXKWVIFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-isoferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=CC(O)=O)C=C1O QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCIHMQAPACOQHT-ZGMPDRQDSA-N trans-isorenieratene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/c1c(C)ccc(C)c1C)C=CC=C(/C)C=Cc2c(C)ccc(C)c2C ZCIHMQAPACOQHT-ZGMPDRQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000018991 trans-resveratrol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006168 tricyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007039 two-step reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003732 tyramine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DZGWFCGJZKJUFP-UHFFFAOYSA-O tyraminium Chemical compound [NH3+]CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 DZGWFCGJZKJUFP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 235000004330 tyrosol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940035936 ubiquinone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940116269 uric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKOLLVMJNQIZCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1O WKOLLVMJNQIZCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUUBOHWZSQXCSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillic acid Natural products COC1=CC(O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 TUUBOHWZSQXCSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940046010 vitamin k Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin p Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJHBOVDFOQMZRV-XQIHNALSSA-N xanthophyll Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CC(O)CC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C=C(C)C(O)CC2(C)C FJHBOVDFOQMZRV-XQIHNALSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010930 zeaxanthin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001775 zeaxanthin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940043269 zeaxanthin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RZFHLOLGZPDCHJ-XZXLULOTSA-N α-Tocotrienol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CC/C=C(C)/CC/C=C(C)/CCC=C(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C RZFHLOLGZPDCHJ-XZXLULOTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002076 α-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019145 α-tocotrienol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011730 α-tocotrienol Substances 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000007680 β-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011590 β-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019151 β-tocotrienol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011723 β-tocotrienol Substances 0.000 description 1
- FGYKUFVNYVMTAM-WAZJVIJMSA-N β-tocotrienol Chemical compound OC1=CC(C)=C2O[C@@](CC/C=C(C)/CC/C=C(C)/CCC=C(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C FGYKUFVNYVMTAM-WAZJVIJMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002478 γ-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019150 γ-tocotrienol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011722 γ-tocotrienol Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTXNTMVVOOBZCV-WAZJVIJMSA-N γ-tocotrienol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CC/C=C(C)/CC/C=C(C)/CCC=C(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 OTXNTMVVOOBZCV-WAZJVIJMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002446 δ-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019144 δ-tocotrienol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011729 δ-tocotrienol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODADKLYLWWCHNB-LDYBVBFYSA-N δ-tocotrienol Chemical compound OC1=CC(C)=C2O[C@@](CC/C=C(C)/CC/C=C(C)/CCC=C(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 ODADKLYLWWCHNB-LDYBVBFYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D489/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 4aH-8, 9 c- Iminoethano-phenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems, e.g. derivatives of [4, 5-epoxy]-morphinan of the formula:
- C07D489/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing 4aH-8, 9 c- Iminoethano-phenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems, e.g. derivatives of [4, 5-epoxy]-morphinan of the formula: with a hetero atom directly attached in position 14
- C07D489/08—Oxygen atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Other In-Based Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
この出願は、2007年12月17日に出願された仮出願第61/014,105号(これは、その全体が参考として本明細書に援用される)からの優先権を主張する。
本発明は、一般には、粗製オピオイド基質からの純粋なノルモルフィナン塩の製造プロセスに関する。
ノルオキシモルホンは、ナルトレキソン、ナロキソン、ナルメフェン及びナルブフィンを含めて、一連の生物学的に重要な「nal」化合物の製造に有用であるモルフィナン中間体である。これらのAPI(医薬品有効成分)に対する要求が増加するにつれ、より効率的かつより高い純度で製造されるノルオキシモルホンの必要性がより大きくなってきた。
R1は、水素、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
R1aは酸素保護基であり、
R2は、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
R3、R4、R5及びR6は、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、メトキシ、{−}OR8、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より独立に選択され、
R8は、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
Xは、Cl及びBrからなる群より選択されるハロゲンである。
R1は、水素、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
R1aは酸素保護基であり、
R2は、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
R3、R4、R5及びR6は、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、{−}OR8、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より独立に選択され、
R7は、約0未満のpKaを有するプロトン供与体からなる群より選択され、
R8は、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
Xは、Cl及びBrからなる群より選択されるハロゲンである。
R1は、水素、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
R1aは酸素保護基であり、
R2は、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
R3、R4、R5及びR6は、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、{−}OR8、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より独立に選択され、
R7は、約0未満のpKaを有するプロトン供与体からなる群より選択され、
R8は、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
Xは、Cl及びBrからなる群より選択されるハロゲンである。
R1は、水素、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
R1aは酸素保護基であり、
R2は、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
R3、R4、R5及びR6は、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、メトキシ、{−}OR8、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より独立に選択され、
R7は、約0未満のpKaを有するプロトン供与体からなる群より選択され、
R8は、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
Xは、Cl及びBrからなる群より選択されるハロゲンである。
R2は、アルキル、アルケニル、アリール、置換アルキル、置換アルケニル及び置換アリールからなる群より選択され、
R3、R4、R5及びR6は、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、アシル、アルキル、アルケニル、アリール、置換アルキル、置換アルケニル、置換アリール、アルコキシカルボニル、カルボニルからなる群より独立に選択され、
R7は、硫酸、メタンスルホン酸、トルエンスルホン酸、リン酸、塩酸及び臭化水素酸からなる群より選択され、
Xは塩化物である。
プロセスの工程Aは、プロトンアクセプターの存在下でオピオイド誘導体(化合物1)をXCO2R2と接触させて、1種類以上のノルモルフィナン中間体(化合物2)を形成することを含む。次いで、反応混合物をプロトン溶媒でクエンチし、副生物を洗浄工程によって反応混合物から除去する。次いで、反応混合物を溶媒置換工程に供する。
一般に、化合物2の調製用基質は、反応スキーム1に示した化合物1に対応する。例示的一実施形態においては、化合物1は、オキシモルホン、オキシコドン、ヒドロコドン、ヒドロモルホン及びこれらの化合物の各々の誘導体からなる群より選択される。化合物1がオキシモルホンを含むときには、R1は水素であり、R3、R4及びR5は各々水素であり、R6はヒドロキシルである。あるいは、化合物1がオキシコドンを含むときには、R1はメチルであり、R3、R4及びR5は各々水素であり、R6はヒドロキシルである。化合物1がヒドロコドンを含むときには、R1はメチルであり、R3、R4及びR5は各々水素であり、R6は水素である。あるいは、化合物1がヒドロモルホンを含むときには、R1は水素であり、R3、R4及びR5は各々水素であり、R6は水素である。
当業者には認識されるように、1種類以上の望ましくない副生物が典型的には工程Aで生成する。本明細書において「望ましくない副生物」という用語は、式2ではない化合物を含む。副生物は、基質(すなわち、化合物1)及び他の反応物の化学組成に応じて変動し得るものであり、変動する。例として、化合物1がオキシモルホンを含むときには、主要な副生物としては、3−O−エトシカルボニルキソイモルホン(ethocycarbonylxoymorphone)及び3−O−、14−O−ジエトキシカルボニルオキシモルホン並びにその混合物を挙げることができる。あるいは、化合物1がオキシコドンを含むときには、主要な副生物としては、14−O−エトキシカルボニルオキシコドンを挙げることができる。あるいは、化合物1がヒドロモルホンを含むときには、主要な副生物としては、3−O−エトキシカルボニルヒドロモルホンを挙げることができる。
反応混合物は、一溶媒を別の溶媒に置き換える溶媒置換プロセスに供することができる。本明細書においては、第2の溶媒を反応混合物に添加することができ、反応混合物中に存在する溶媒を溶媒置換法(例えば、蒸留、直接置換又は塩析)によって除去することができる。この溶媒置換プロセスを使用することによって、反応スキーム1に示した合成経路全体を通してノルモルフィナン中間体(すなわち、化合物2)を固体として単離する必要がない。(Ia)に詳述したプロセスの最後に反応混合物に対して溶媒置換を実施することができるが、例示的一実施形態においては、溶媒置換前に、(Ib)に詳述した洗浄手順に反応混合物を供する。
プロセスの工程Bにおいては、化合物2を加水分解に供して、化合物3を形成する。化合物3はノルモルフィナン塩である。例示的一実施形態においては、ノルモルフィナン塩は、ノルオキシモルホン塩、ノルオキシコドン塩、ノルヒドロコドン塩及びノルヒドロモルホン塩からなる群より選択される。
化合物3に対応する化合物は、それ自体が最終生成物でもよく、又は1つ以上の工程において更に誘導体化して更なるモルフィナン中間体若しくは最終生成物を生成することができる中間体でもよい。非限定的例として、化合物3に対応する1種類以上の化合物を複数のプロセスに使用して、ナルブフィン、ナルメフェン、ナロキソン、ナルトレキソン、ナルトレキソンメトブロミド、3−O−メチルナルトレキソン、ナルトレキソール、ナロキソール並びにその塩、中間体及び類似体からなる群より選択される化合物を生成することができる。かかる商業的に価値のあるモルフィナンを調製する一般反応スキームは、とりわけ、その開示全体を参照により本明細書に援用するRice、米国特許第4,368,326号に開示されている。
単独で又は別の基の一部として、本明細書では「アシル」という用語は、有機カルボン酸のCOOH基からヒドロキシ基を除去して形成される部分、例えばRC(O)−を意味する。式中、RはR1、R1O−、R1R2N−又はR1S−であり、R1はヒドロカルビル、ヘテロ置換ヒドロカルビル又はヘテロシクロであり、R2は水素、ヒドロカルビル又は置換ヒドロカルビルである。
粗製オキシモルホンからのノルオキシモルホン塩の初期試作品調製
粗製オキシモルホン(純オキシモルホンの実重量は、粗製オキシモルホン重量にそのwt/wt%を掛けることによって求められた。)及びクロロホルム(CHCl3)(充填されたオキシモルホン1kg当たり3.36kg)を反応器に添加した。撹拌機を作動させて反応混合物を撹拌し、反応器に窒素を流した。次いで、炭酸水素ナトリウム(NaHCO3)(充填されたオキシモルホン1kg当たり1.4kg)及びクロロギ酸エチル(EtOCOCl)(充填されたオキシモルホン1kg当たり3.74kg)を反応器に添加した。温度が64±2℃に達するまで反応器を約0.5℃/分の速度で加熱し、次いでこの温度を最低9時間維持した。反応の進行をHPLC分析によってモニターした。反応生成物は、dec−ノルオキシモルホン(3−O−,17−N−ジエトキシカルボニルノルオキシモルホン)及びtec−ノルオキシモルホン(3−O−,14−O−,17−N−トリエトキシカルボニルノルオキシモルホン)を含んだ。
ノルオキシモルホン塩の調製−試行2
オキシモルホン200gを含む粗製オキシモルホン及びCHCl3 460gを反応器に添加した。撹拌機を作動させ、容器に窒素を流した。反応器にNaHCO3 232gを添加し、次いで反応混合物を55℃未満の温度に維持しながら、EtOCOCl 748gを反応器に15分間徐々に添加した。EtOCOCl全量を反応器に添加した後、反応混合物を更に30分間撹拌した。次いで、反応混合物を約60〜65℃の温度に加熱し、その温度範囲で9時間維持し、次いで反応完結後に35℃未満の温度に冷却した。
ノルオキシモルホン塩の調製−試行3
反応器にオキシモルホン30gを含む粗製オキシモルホン及びCHCl3 69.1gを仕込んだ。撹拌機を作動させ、容器に窒素を流した。反応器にNaHCO3 35gを添加し、次いで反応混合物を55℃未満の温度に維持しながら、EtOCOCl 112.6gを反応器に15分間徐々に添加した。クロロギ酸エチル全量を反応器に添加した後、反応混合物を更に30分間撹拌した。次いで、反応混合物を温度約60〜65℃に加熱し、その温度範囲で9時間維持した。反応完結後、混合物を35℃未満の温度に冷却した。
ノルオキシモルホン塩の調製−試行3
実施例3に記載の手順によって調製されたジエトキシカルボニル−ノルオキシモルホン及びトリエトキシカルボニ−ノルオキシモルホンを含むクロロホルム相を反応器に移した。混合物にt−ブチルアルコール(t−BuOH)30mL、水15mL、次いでMeSO3H21gを添加した。温度35℃未満で開始した溶液を温度約90℃に加熱して、クロロホルム(CHCl3)を蒸留除去した。混合物を続いて温度約95〜100℃に加熱し、この温度で1時間以上保持した。混合物に水6mLを添加し、続いて温度約95〜105℃に6時間加熱した。更に水15mLを混合物に添加し、続いて95〜105℃で更に6時間。混合物を75℃に冷却後、水15mL及びIPA5mLを添加し、次いで混合物を室温に1時間冷却した。生成した懸濁液をろ過し、ろ過した固体をMeSO3H/H2O1:2水溶液15mLで2回洗浄し、次いでアセトン15mLで4回洗浄した。生成した固体を温度55℃で減圧条件下で2日間乾燥させ、固体生成物30.6gを得た。
ノルオキシモルホン塩の調製−試行4
ジエトキシカルボニル−ノルオキシモルホン及びトリエトキシカルボニ−ノルオキシモルホンを含むクロロホルム相を実施例3に記載の手順によって調製し、反応器に移し、ポンプ吸引して乾燥させ、粘着性固体を得た。粘着性固体にヘキサン酸10mL及び水50mLを添加し、続いて濃硫酸(c−H2SO4)20mLを徐々に添加した。次いで、反応混合物を温度105℃に加熱し、この温度で2時間維持した。次いで、混合物を10℃に2時間冷却し、生成した懸濁液をろ過した。ろ過した固体をMeSO3H/H2O1:2水溶液15mLで2回洗浄し、次いでアセトン15mLで4回洗浄した。生成した固体を温度55℃で減圧条件下で2日間乾燥させ、固体生成物24.3gを得た。
ノルオキシモルホン塩の改善された調製−試行5−より高収率で
反応器にオキシモルホン31gを含む粗製オキシモルホン及びCHCl3 46gを充填した。撹拌機を作動させ、容器に窒素を流した。反応器にNaHCO3 46gを添加し、次いで反応混合物を55℃未満の温度に維持しながら、クロロギ酸エチル75gを反応器に15分間徐々に添加した。クロロギ酸エチル全量を反応器に添加した後、反応混合物を更に30分間撹拌した。次いで、反応混合物を温度約60〜65℃に加熱し、その温度範囲で9時間維持した。反応完結後、混合物を35℃未満の温度に冷却した。
Claims (15)
- 請求項1に記載のプロセスであって、
R1が、水素、アシル、アルキル、アルケニル、アリール、置換アルキル、置換アルケニル、置換アリール及びアルコキシカルボニルからなる群より選択され、
R2が、アルキル、アルケニル、アリール、置換アルキル、置換アルケニル及び置換アリールからなる群より選択され、
R3、R4、R5及びR6が、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、アシル、アルキル、アルケニル、アリール、置換アルキル、置換アルケニル、置換アリール、アルコキシカルボニル及びカルボニルからなる群より独立に選択され、
Xが塩化物である、
プロセス。 - 請求項1又は2のいずれかに記載のプロセスであって、前記プロトンアクセプターが約7を超えるpKaを有し、前記反応が非プロトン溶媒の存在下で実施され、化合物1 対 XCO2R2 対 プロトンアクセプターのモル比が約1:3:1から約1:20:20であり、該反応が約50℃から約80℃の範囲の温度で実施され、化合物2が、ノルオキシモルホン誘導体及びノルオキシコドン誘導体からなる群より選択される化合物の混合物を含む、プロセス。
- 請求項1から3のいずれかに記載のプロセスであって、該プロセスが、式2を有さない副生化合物の形成をもたらし、前記反応混合物をプロトン溶媒でクエンチした後に該反応混合物が有機層と水層に分離し、該副生化合物が洗浄工程によって該反応混合物から除去され、該洗浄工程が該有機層を約0.8から約2.0のpHを有するプロトン溶媒と接触させ、続いて該水層を該反応混合物から分離することを含む、プロセス。
- 請求項4に記載のプロセスであって、前記非プロトン溶媒が、3から8個の炭素原子を有するアルコール及び2から8個の炭素原子を有するプロトン供与体からなる群より選択される第2の溶媒で置き換えられる、プロセス。
- 以下の反応:
R1は、水素、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
R1aは酸素保護基であり、
R2は、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
R3、R4、R5及びR6は、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、{−}OR8、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より独立に選択され、
R7は、約0未満のpKaを有するプロトン供与体からなる群より選択され、
R8は、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
Xは、Cl及びBrからなる群より選択されるハロゲンである、
プロセス。 - 請求項6に記載のプロセスであって、
R1が、水素、アシル、アルキル、アルケニル、アリール、置換アルキル、置換アルケニル、置換アリール及びアルコキシカルボニルからなる群より選択され、
R2が、アルキル、アルケニル、アリール、置換アルキル、置換アルケニル及び置換アリールからなる群より選択され、
R3、R4、R5及びR6が、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、アシル、アルキル、アルケニル、アリール、置換アルキル、置換アルケニル、置換アリール、アルコキシカルボニル、カルボニルからなる群より独立に選択され、
R7が、硫酸、メタンスルホン酸、トルエンスルホン酸、リン酸、塩酸及び臭化水素酸からなる群より選択され、
Xが塩化物である、
プロセス。 - 請求項6又は7のいずれかに記載のプロセスであって、前記プロトン供与体が0未満のpKa及び臭化水素酸を有し、前記反応が少なくとも1種類のプロトン溶媒の存在下で実施され、プロトン溶媒 対 化合物2の量が約2:1(g/g)であり、化合物2 対 プロトン供与体のモル比が約1:1.5から約1:10(g/g)であり、該反応が約90℃から約115℃の範囲の温度で実施される、プロセス。
- 化合物3を調製するためのプロセスであって、該プロセスが、以下の反応スキーム:
R1は、水素、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
R1aは酸素保護基であり、
R2は、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
R3、R4、R5及びR6は、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、{−}OR8、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より独立に選択され、
R7は、約0未満のpKaを有するプロトン供与体からなる群より選択され、
R8は、ヒドロカルビル及び置換ヒドロカルビルからなる群より選択され、
Xは、Cl及びBrからなる群より選択されるハロゲンである、
プロセス。 - 請求項9に記載のプロセスであって、
R1が、水素、アシル、アルキル、アルケニル、アリール、置換アルキル、置換アルケニル、置換アリール及びアルコキシカルボニルからなる群より選択され、
R2が、アルキル、アルケニル、アリール、置換アルキル、置換アルケニル及び置換アリールからなる群より選択され、
R3、R4、R5及びR6が、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、アシル、アルキル、アルケニル、アリール、置換アルキル、置換アルケニル、置換アリール、アルコキシカルボニル、カルボニルからなる群より独立に選択され、
R7が、硫酸、メタンスルホン酸、トルエンスルホン酸、リン酸、塩酸及び臭化水素酸からなる群より選択され、
Xが塩化物である、
プロセス。 - 請求項9又は10のいずれかに記載のプロセスであって、前記プロトンアクセプターが約7を超えるpKaを有し、前記第1の反応が非プロトン溶媒の存在下で実施され、化合物1 対 XCO2R2 対 プロトンアクセプターのモル比が約1:3:1から約1:20:20であり、該第1の反応が約50℃から約80℃の範囲の温度で実施され、化合物2がノルオキシモルホン誘導体及びノルオキシコドン誘導体からなる群より選択される化合物の混合物を含み、前記プロトン供与体が0未満のpKaを有し、前記第2の反応が少なくとも1種類のプロトン溶媒の存在下で実施され、プロトン溶媒 対 化合物2の量が約2:1(g/g)であり、化合物2 対 プロトン供与体のモル比が約1:1.5から約1:10(g/g)であり、該第2の反応が約90℃から約115℃の範囲の温度で実施される、プロセス。
- 請求項9から11のいずれかに記載のプロセスであって、該プロセスが、式2を有さない副生化合物の形成をもたらし、前記反応混合物をプロトン溶媒でクエンチした後に該反応混合物が有機層と水層に分離し、該副生化合物が洗浄工程によって該反応混合物から除去され、該洗浄工程が該有機層を約0.8から約2.0のpHを有するプロトン溶媒と接触させ、続いて該水層を該反応混合物から分離することを含む、プロセス。
- 請求項12に記載のプロセスであって、前記非プロトン溶媒が、3から8個の炭素原子を有するアルコール及び2から8個の炭素原子を有するプロトン供与体からなる群より選択される第2の溶媒で置き換えられる、プロセス。
- 請求項9から13のいずれかに記載のプロセスであって、化合物3が結晶として形成され、化合物3の収率が約65%から約85%(mol/mol)であり、化合物3の純度がクロマトグラフィーで測定して少なくとも95%である、プロセス。
- 請求項9から14のいずれかに記載のプロセスであって、化合物1、2又は3の光学活性が(−)鏡像異性体、(+)鏡像異性体及びその組合せからなる群より選択され、化合物1、2又は3の炭素5、13、14及び9それぞれの配置がRRRS、RRSS、SRRS、SRSS、RSRR、RSSR、SSRR及びSSSRからなる群より選択される、プロセス。
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JP2013532730A (ja) * | 2010-08-04 | 2013-08-19 | マリンクロッド エルエルシー | N−アルキルモルフィナンを調製するためのタンデム法 |
JP2013532731A (ja) * | 2010-08-04 | 2013-08-19 | マリンクロッド エルエルシー | 6−ケトモルフィナンのn−脱メチル化 |
JP2015193658A (ja) * | 2010-08-04 | 2015-11-05 | マリンクロッド エルエルシー | 6−ケトモルフィナンのn−脱メチル化 |
JP2016537334A (ja) * | 2013-11-18 | 2016-12-01 | マリンクロッド エルエルシー | ノルモルフィナンの調製 |
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JP5478506B2 (ja) | 2014-04-23 |
AU2008338971A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
US20090156819A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
AU2008338971B2 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
JP2014077007A (ja) | 2014-05-01 |
CN101896488A (zh) | 2010-11-24 |
WO2009078989A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
US8101757B2 (en) | 2012-01-24 |
CA2709872C (en) | 2016-06-14 |
EP2231674A1 (en) | 2010-09-29 |
NZ586186A (en) | 2012-08-31 |
CA2709872A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
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