FR2538833A2 - Underground premises, especially a cellar, method for fitting out the latter and removable shoring device used for the implementation of the said method - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the invention, before constructing the said actual premises 1, the earth faces 100 of the excavation 9 are stored progressively as the latter is dug and by leaving exposed, in the bottom of the said excavation 9, a space corresponding substantially to at least the height of the lower row of the structure elements of the premises 1, especially the box elements 8. The invention is particularly applicable to the building industry.

Description

This addition relates to a room

  buried, such as a cellar, a landscaping process

  ment of it, and a removable shielding device

  used in the implementation of this process.

  In the main patent, a method has been described for fitting out a buried room, such as in particular a cellar in a construction comprising a floor slab, in particular of concrete, by which it rests on the ground. The method described in main patent includes in particular the operations consisting in cutting in said slab an opening through which an excavation is dug, in installing a waterproof envelope or pocket lining said excavation, in making a raft, in particular based on sand, then a floor of the side walls consisting in particular of stacked boxes, preferably prefabricated, in particular in concrete, and forming storage lockers, and a ceiling After completion of the floor, posts or uprights, in particular in reinforced concrete, are erected extending from the floor to the level of the ceiling and the structural elements of the walls, in particular the said elements, are inserted by sliding between said posts forming support and guide slides

boxes, stacking them.

  However, in the implementation of such a process, the essential problem lies in maintaining the

excavate in rocky terrain.

  The present addition therefore aims to solve this problem by proposing a method for the development of a buried room, such as in particular a cellar, of the type

  described above, characterized in that before the realization

  tion of said premises proper, the sides of the excavation are shielded, as the latter is excavated and leaving uncovered, in the bottom of said excavation, a space corresponding substantially to at least the height of the row lower elements

  of structure of the walls of the room, in particular the caissons.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, after a first partial digging of the above-mentioned excavation, a support frame is placed on the edges of said partial excavation, a first series of shielding panels is installed in said partial excavation against the facing of soil of said excavation; one continues to partially dig said excavation; installing a second series of shielding panels in said excavation below said first series of panels; said panels are fixed to each other, to said upper panels and to said support frame; these operations being repeated for as many series of panels as necessary according to the

  depth of said desired excavation.

  According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the first series of aforementioned panels consists of prefabricated dihedrons immobilized in position in the corners of the partial excavation

  aforementioned in particular rectangular parallelepiped shape

gular -

  According to another characteristic of the invention, the above-mentioned adjacent dihedrons are fixed using bars, in particular metallic and hollow,

  square or rectangular section.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, a free space is maintained between the abovementioned adjacent W dihedrons and possibly a free space between the lower edge of said dihedrons and the bottom of the excavation.

partial above.

  According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the fixing of the aforesaid dihedrons to the aforementioned support frame is carried out by means of threaded rods or the like, passing through the panels constituting said dihedral and bolted, on the one hand to the aforementioned support frame and on the other share on the underside of bars, in particular of metal and of cross section substantially in H o, the lower edges of said bars are embedded

adjacent dihedrons.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, the immobilization of the aforesaid dihedrons in the corners of the aforementioned partial excavation is obtained by

  lowering of round tubes into solidari square tubes

  sant the two panels constituting said dihedral.

  According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the immobilization in the corners of the aforementioned excavation of the panels of the aforementioned lower series is obtained by lowering the aforementioned round tubes into the square tubes formed by two portions of square tube fixed on one side of a panel and spaced so that a corresponding portion of square tube fixed on the corresponding side of an adjacent panel and perpendicular to the previous comes to be housed in the space thus defined to form said square tube, over the entire length of the corresponding sides of said panels, square tube adapted to receive said

round tube.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, the aforementioned adjacent panels of the aforementioned lower series are connected together and to the aforementioned dihedrons, along the walls of the aforementioned excavation, thanks to the bars, in particular metallic and of section substantially in H , mentioned above, maintaining a free space between two adjacent panels, and possibly a spacing between the lower edge of said panels and the bottom of

the excavation.

  According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the aforementioned panels of the aforementioned lower series are fixed to the aforementioned support frame and to the panels of the aforementioned upper series, by descent of threaded rods in the holes passing through said panels provided in the alignment of holes correspondents passing through said upper panels and the aforementioned H-bar, threaded rods which are bolted, on the one hand to said support frame and on the other hand to the underside of a bar, in particular metal in U shape, in which is fitted the bottom edge of

two of said adjacent panels.

  The present invention also relates to a removable device for shielding an excavation,

  in particular for the implementation of the above method.

  According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the buried room, such as in particular a cellar, can be enlarged, parallel to the longitudinal horizontal beams supporting the ceiling tiles by adding at least one transverse horizontal beam, for example of reinforced concrete, to the end

  said longitudinal beams and by extending the

  said longitudinal beams by longitudinal beams

  additional nales Similarly, the room can be enlarged, perpendicular to the aforementioned longitudinal beams by adding longitudinal beams

  additional parallel to the first long beams

  tudinal. According to another characteristic of the invention, at least one wall of the aforementioned room is formed by panels or plates while the remaining walls are formed by the aforementioned boxes Zn in addition, at least part of a wall of the aforementioned room, can consist of stacked elements open at the bottom,

  their top side, and their side facing inward

laughing at said room.

  The invention will be better understood, and other details, characteristics and advantages thereof

  will appear more clearly in the light of the description

  explanatory which will follow, made with reference to the appended schematic drawings given solely-by way of example of a currently preferred embodiment of the invention, and in which:

  Figure 1 is a partial perspective view

  tive of the shielding device according to the invention; Figure 2 is a top view of the support frame according to the invention; Figure 3 is a top view of an upper dihedral shielding panel according to the invention; Figure 4 is a view along arrow IV of Figure 3; Figure 5 is a front view of lower armor panels according to the invention; Figure 6 is a top view of the post or post retaining belt according to the invention; Figure 7 is a top view of a buried room according to the invention;

  Figure 8 is a partial perspective view

  tive of structural elements of the room according to the invention; Figure 9 is a perspective view of a structural element of the walls of the room according to the invention; and Figure 10 is a partial perspective view of the room according to the invention, under development. As described in detail in the main patent, the buried room 1, such as in particular a cellar, has a floor 2, a ceiling and side walls made up of a stack of structural elements, in particular boxes 8 , in particular precast concrete The assembly is housed in an excavation 9 dug under the floor slab of a construction, said excavation being lined with a waterproof envelope 11, and provided with a slab 12 in particular

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  based on sand The structural elements of the walls, notably the caissons 8, play the role of retaining walls to contain the thrust of the earth by bearing against the posts or uprights 13, in particular in reinforced concrete, extending from the floor 2 at the ceiling.

  The removable shielding device of the exca-

  vation 9, according to the invention, comprises a support frame 101 installed on the edges of the excavation 9 and a certain

  number of sets of armor panels 102, 103 -

  arranged along the walls or earth faces 100 of the excavation 9, and detachably fixed to the support frame 101 The number of series of shielding panels of course depends on the depth of the excavation that is desired realize, as well as the dimensioning of said panels In the example shown, in particular in FIG. 1, two series of shielding panels are used, each series consisting of eight panels or half-panels, that is to say two panels for each side of the excavation This number can of course be adapted according to the dimensions of the excavation desired, for example by adding panels between the panels positioned in the corners

from the excavation.

  With particular reference to FIG. 2, the support frame 101, in particular rectangular, is made up of two pairs of bars 129, in particular metallic, parallel and spaced, each pair of bars being linked to the other pair by bars 130, mutually parallel and substantially perpendicular to said pairs of bars 129 The spacing between pairs of bars 129 and bars 130 perpendicular to said pairs is chosen according to the dimensions

  the opening of excavation 9 so that the barriers

  earth elements 100 of the excavation are in the extension, on the one hand, of the internal faces 131 of the external bar 129 to said pairs, and, on the other hand, of external faces 130 to bars 130; the terms "external" and "internal" should be understood in relation to

at excavation 9.

  The ends 132 of the bars 130 come - to be embedded in lugs 133 U-section support fixed, in particular welded, to the internal faces 134 of the internal bars 129 b of each of the above-mentioned pairs of bars; the spacing between the bars 129 being maintained by portions 135 of substantially vertical square tube situated in the extension of the angles 104 of

  the excavation 9, and permitting the fixing of the bars 129 between them.

  With particular reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the series of upper panels 102 is

  made up of dihedrons formed by two panels 108 sensi-

  completely perpendicularly secured by a substantially vertical square tube 112 adapted to receive a round tube 111 for positioning the dihedrons in the angles 104

excavation 9.

  Referring to FIG. 1, a bar 105, in particular crerse and of square or rectangular section, is fixed, during the installation of the removable shielding device, to the upper edges 136 of two

  108 adjacent panels along an excavation wall

  tion 9, in particular by fixing means 146; stops 137 being provided to maintain a certain spacing between the adjacent panels 108 so as to take account of the stresses resulting from the thrust

lands.

  Referring more particularly to FIG. 5, the series of lower panels 103 are constituted by flat panels having means 138 for positioning substantially 90 relative to one another These means consist in particular of two portions 114 of square tube fixed on one side 116 a of a panel 103 a and spaced apart so that a corresponding portion of square tube 115 fixed on the side 116 b corresponding to a panel 103 b adjacent and substantially perpendicular to the previous one comes be housed in the space thus defined to form a square tube 113 along the entire length of the corresponding sides 116 a, 116 b of said

  panels, and adapted to receive the round tube 111.

  In addition, the upper 102 and lower 103 panels have through holes 120, 119; 118, respectively, for the passage of threaded rods 107, 117, respectively, for fixing said panels 102, 103 to the support frame 101, in particular these threaded rods 107,

  117, respectively, are provided with nuts 107 a, 117 a.

  fixing to the frame 101, as well as of course nuts provided at their lower ends to allow

  fixing the panels 1029 103 atoeeeuxetaucare suppcrt 101.

  The support frame 101 is provided, on the one hand, between the pairs of parallel bars 129 of plates 147 pierced for the passage of the threaded rods 1079 117 and, on the other hand, the parallel bars 130 of the support frame 101 are pierced with holes 148 for the passage of other rods

threaded 107, 117.

  Referring more particularly to FIG. 1, the removable shielding device according to the invention also comprises profiles 110 of section substantially in H In each of these profiles will be embedded, on the one hand the lower edge 106 of two panels 108 adjacent superiors along a

  wall of the excavation 9 and, on the other hand, the upper edge

  laughing 139 of two adjacent lower panels 103 along a wall of the excavation 9, which allows the fixing of two lower panels 103 together, in

  now a space between them 9 notably through

  diary of stops 140, and the fixing of these to the corresponding upper panels 108; said profile being traversed by holes 141 corresponding to the holes

  through 120, 119; 118 cited above.

  The shielding device also comprises a certain number of sections 121 of substantially U-shaped section. In each of these sections, the lower edges 122 of two adjacent lower panels 103 will be embedded along a wall of the excavation 9; the threaded rods 117 being bolted to the underside of said profiles 121 so as to hold the entire shielding device, in particular the panels

  lower 103, to the support frame 101.

  The aforementioned panels 108, 103 consist in particular of a wooden body 149, in particular of plywood, possibly covered with a coating 150

especially metallic.

  The method for fitting out the buried room 1 will be described in detail below, such as in particular

a cellar, according to the invention.

  Before the realization of the local 1 proper, which has been described in detail in the main patent, the earth siding 100 of the excavation 9 is shielded, as the latter is excavated and leaving uncovered, in the bottom of the excavation 9, a space corresponding substantially to at least the height of the lower row of the structural elements

  walls of the room, in particular the boxes 8.

  After a first partial digging of the excavation 9, a support frame 101 is placed on the edges of the partial excavation; we install a first series of shielding panels 102 in the partial excavation against the earth siding of the excavation; we fix the panels 102 between themselves and to the support frame 101 then we continue to partially dig the excavation 9, we install a second series of shielding panels 103 in the excavation below the first series of panels 102; the panels 103 are fixed together, to the upper panels 102 and to the support frame 101; these operations being repeated for as many series of panels as necessary according to the depth of

the desired excavation.

  The first series of panels 102, constituted by dihedral in particular prefabricated, is immobilized in position in the angles 104 of the partial excavation which has in particular a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape The fixing of the dihedrons

  102 adjacent is made using bars 105, including

  metallic and hollow sections of square or rectan section

  gular, by the fixing means 146 A free space is maintained between the adjacent 102 dihedrons, and possibly a free space between the lower edge 106

  dihedral 102 and the bottom of the partial excavation.

  To fix the dihedrons 102 to the support frame 101, use the threaded rods 107 or the like passing through the panels 108, constituting the dihedrons 102, by the holes 120 which are provided there. The threaded rods 107 are bolted, on the one hand, to the frame support 101 by means of nuts or the like 107 a, and, on the other hand, on the lower face 109 of the bars 110, in particular metal and of section substantially in H o come to be embedded

  the lower edges 106 of the adjacent dihedrons 102.

  The immobilization of the dihedrons 102 in the angles 104 of the partial excavation is obtained by lowering the round tubes 111 in the square tubes 112 joining the two panels 108 constituting said dihedrons. Then, after a new partial digging of the excavation 9, the panels 103 of the series are installed against the earth faces 100 of the excavation

or lower series.

  Immobilization in the corners 104 of the partial excavation of the panels 103 is obtained by

2538833.

  descent of the round tubes I 11 into the square tubes 113 formed by the union of the tube portions 114 and 115 during the positioning substantially at 900 of the panels 103

in the corners of the excavation.

  Connect the adjacent panels 103 along a wall of the excavation to each other and to the dihedrons 102 by means of bars 110 of section substantially in H, maintaining a free space between two adjacent panels 103, and possibly a spacing between the lower edge. 122 of said panels and the bottom of the partial excavation. Then, the panels 103 are fixed to the support frame 101 and to the panels 102 of the upper series by lowering the threaded rods 17 into the holes 118 passing through the panels 103 provided in the alignment of corresponding holes 119 passing through the upper panels 108 as well as the corresponding 141 holes provided

  in the bars 110 The threaded rods 117 are bolted

  born, on the one hand to the support frame 101 in particular by nuts 117 a and, on the other hand, to the underside of the bars 121, in particular metallic U-shaped in which the lower edges 122 of two are fitted

adjacent panels 103.

  It is obvious that the order of these operations can be modified to take into account the different

  conditions for implementing the process.

  Once the removable shielding device according to the invention has been installed in accordance with the method indicated above, and, after digging to the bottom of the excavation, a pocket or sealed envelope 11 is lowered into the excavation 9. 'folded state; then the beams and slabs 15 of the floor 2 are installed; pouring a peripheral raft 12 supporting the structural elements of the walls, in particular lockers 8; and the posts or uprights 13 are installed. Then, a belt 123, notably metallic, is provisionally installed at the head of the posts 13 to keep them in position; said belt being in particular fixed on bushings 127 with threads provided at the head of the posts 13. Referring more particularly to FIG. 6, the belt 123 consists of two elements 124 whose union forms a quadrilateral The fixing of the two elements 124 being produced by angles 125, part of which is welded to one of the elements 124 while the other part is bolted at 126 to the other element 124 Fixing means 127 are provided in

  correspondence with sockets 127 has posts 13.

  Reinforcements 128 are provided at the four corners of the

belt 123.

  We then descend the first structural elements of the walls of room 1, in particular a first row b casis 8 q E a verr Mlent lsnoemble at the bottom; puiscn da waterproof envelope 11 jsq'au sup 6 riar desdcs, iems or cairs; bad

  while building an embankment, especially in sand.

  The above-mentioned lower panels 103 are then removed by unbolting the threaded rods 117, unclipping the U-shaped bars 121 and lifting the

  round tubes 111 in the corners 104.

  The successive upper levels of the structural elements or racks 8 are then installed, at the same time as the waterproof envelope is unfolded 110 Once all the structural elements of the walls of the room have been installed, they are removed, by lifting them, the dihedral panels 102 and the support frame 101; then, after pouring the reinforced concrete chaining connecting the posts on retke

  the provisional belt 123 for holding the posts 13.

  With particular reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, the room I can be enlarged, parallel to the longitudinal horizontal beams 16 supporting the ceiling tiles

0 2538833

  by adding at least one horizontal transverse beam 142, for example in reinforced concrete, at the end of the longitudinal beams 16 and by extending said

  beams by additional longitudinal beams 16.

  The beam 142 can be cast on site by making a formwork, the corresponding ends of the first beams 16 and additional beams being embedded in the concrete. Depending on the total length of the room desired, an intermediate support post 145 may be provided, placed in particular at

  of the junction of the two series of longitudinal beams.

  Similarly, we can enlarge room 1, perpen-

  specifically to the longitudinal beams 16, adding

  additional longitudinal beams 16 parallel-

  ment to the first longitudinal beams 16.

  In addition, at least one wall of the room 1 can be constituted by panels or plates 143 while

  that the remaining walls are formed by the boxes 8.

  Likewise, at least part of a wall of the room 1 may consist of elements 144 (FIG. 9) open at their bottom, their top side and their turned side.

towards the interior of room 1.

Claims (31)

R E V E N D I C A T I O N S   1. Method for fitting out a buried room, such as in particular a cellar, according to at least claim I of the main patent, characterized in that before the realization of said room (1) proper, the facing of earth (100) from the excavation (9), as the excavation of the latter and leaving uncovered, in the bottom of said excavation (9), a space corresponding substantially to at least the height of the row lower structural elements of   walls of the room (1), in particular the boxes (8).   2. Method according to claim 1, characterized   in that after a first partial digging of the exca   vation (9) above, a support frame ('101) is placed on the edges of said partial excavation; installing a first series of shielding panels (102) in said partial excavation against the aforementioned earth facings (100) of said excavation; said panels (102) are fixed to each other and to said support frame (101); one continues to partially dig said excavation (9); installing a second series of shielding panels (103) in said excavation below said first series of panels (102); said panels (103) are fixed to each other, to said upper panels (102) and to said support frame (101); these operations being repeated for as many series of panels as necessary according to the depth   of said desired excavation (9).   3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the first series of aforementioned panels (102) consists of prefabricated dihedrons immobilized in position in the corners (104) of the aforementioned partial excavation of shape in particular parallelepipedal 2538833.   rectangular. 4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the fixing of the aforementioned adjacent dihedrons (102) is carried out by means of bars (105), in particular metallic and hollow of square or rectangular section. 5. Method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a free space is maintained between the aforementioned adjacent dihedra (102) and possibly a free space between the lower edge (106) of said   dihedral 102 and the bottom of the aforementioned partial excavation.   6. Method according to one of claims 3   in 5, characterized in that the fixing of the aforesaid dihedrons (102) to the aforementioned support frame (101) is carried out by means of threaded rods (107) or the like, passing through the panels (108) constituting said dihedra (102) and bolted, on the one hand to the aforementioned support frame (101) and, on the other hand, to the lower face (102) of bars (110) in particular metal and of section substantially in H o are embedded the lower edges (106) said adjacent dihedrons (102).   7. Method according to one of claims 3   to 6, characterized in that the immobilization of the aforesaid dihedrons (102) in the corners (104) of the aforementioned partial excavation is obtained by lowering round tubes (111) into the square tubes (112) joining the two panels ( 108) cited above constituting said dihedral (102).   8. Method according to one of claims 2   7, characterized in that the immobilization in the corners (104) of the aforementioned excavation of the panels (103) of the aforementioned lower series is obtained by lowering round tubes (111) into the square tubes (113) formed in particular by the union of the two portions (114) of square tube fixed on one side (116) of a panel (103 a) and spaced so that a corresponding portion of square tube (115) fixed on the side (116 b ) corresponding to an adjacent panel (103 b) is housed in the space thus defined to form the square tube (113), over the entire length of the corresponding sides (116 a) and (116 b) of said panels (103 a , 103 b),   adapted to receive the aforementioned round tube (111).   9. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the above-mentioned adjacent panels (103) of the aforementioned lower series are connected together and to the aforementioned dihedrons (102), along the walls of the aforementioned excavation, by means of the bars. (110), in particular of metal and of substantially H-shaped cross section above, while maintaining a free space between two adjacent panels (103) ′; and possibly a spacing between the lower edge (122) of said panels and the bottom of 1 excavation.   10. Method according to claim 8 or 9, 'characterized in that the E panels (103) mentioned above of the aforementioned lower series are fixed to the aforementioned support frame (101) and to the panels (102) of the above-mentioned upper series by lowering threaded rods (117) in the holes (118) passing through said panels (103) provided in the alignment of corresponding holes (119) passing through said upper panels (102) and the aforementioned H bar (110); threaded rods (117) which are bolted on the one hand to said support frame (101) and, on the other hand to the underside of a bar (121), in particular metal in a U shape, in which the lower edge is fitted   (122) of two of said adjacent panels (103).   11. Method according to one of claims   above, characterized in that after digging to the bottom of the excavation, one descends into the excavation (9) a sealed pocket or envelope (11), in the folded state; we install the beams and slabs (15) of the 2538833,   floor (2); pouring a peripheral raft (12) supporting the structural elements of the walls of the room (1), in particular lockers (8); and we install the posts or aforementioned amounts (13).   12 Method according to claim 11, characterized in that one installs a belt (123) in particular metallic, provisional at the head of the aforesaid posts (13) to maintain them in position, said belt being in particular fixed on sockets (127 a) threaded   provided at the head of said posts (13).   13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the first structural elements are lowered from the walls of the room, in particular the lockers (8), locking the assembly at the bottom, then the above-mentioned waterproof envelope (11) is unfolded. up to the higher level of said elements or lockers (8).   14. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the above-mentioned lower panels (103) are removed by unbolting the aforementioned threaded rods (117), by unclipping the above-mentioned U-shaped bars (121) and by lifting the round tubes (111 ) above   in the corners (104) of the excavation (9).   15. Method according to claim 14, characterized in that the successive upper levels of the structural elements of the walls of the room or lockers (8) mentioned above are installed at the same time as the unfolded   the aforementioned waterproof envelope (11).   16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that the assembly formed by the dihedral panels (102) mentioned above and the support frame (101) mentioned above is removed once all the structural elements of the   walls of the aforementioned room or lockers (8) installed.   17. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that the provisional belt is removed (123)   above retaining posts (13) above.   18. Removable shielding device for an excavation, in particular for implementing the method   according to one of claims I to 17, characterized in   that it comprises a support frame (101) installed on the edges of said excavation (9) and a number of series of shielding panels (102, 103) arranged along the walls or earth facings (100) of said excavation (9), and fixed in a removable manner, said support frame (101).   19 Device according to claim 18, characterized in that the aforementioned support frame (101) in particular rectangular, consists of two pairs of bars (129), in particular parallel metal and   spaced, each bar being linked to -   the other pair by two bars (130) parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to said pairs of bars, the spacing between said pairs of bars (129) and said bars (130) being chosen according to the dimensions of the opening of the 'excavation (9) so that the earth facings (100) of the excavation (9) are in the extension, on the one hand, of the internal faces (131) of the external bar (129 a) of said pairs and, on the other hand, external faces (130 a) of bars (130).   20 Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the ends (132) of the aforementioned bars (130) come to be embedded in lugs (133) U-section support fixed, in particular welded, to the internal faces (134) of the bars internal (129 b) of each of the above pairs of bars; the spacing and fixing between the bars (129) of each of the aforementioned pairs of bars being ensured by portions (135) of tube   substantially vertical square located in the extension   ment of the angles (104) of the excavation (9).   21 Device according to one of claims   18 to 20, characterized in that the series of above-mentioned upper panels (102) consists of dihedrons formed by two substantially perpendicular panels (108) secured by a substantially vertical square tube (112) adapted to receive a round tube (111) of positioning of the dihedrons in the angles (104) of the excavation (9). 22 Device according to claim 21, characterized in that a bar (105), in particular hollow and of square or rectangular section, is fixed to the upper edges (136) of two panels (108) mentioned above adjacent along a wall of the aforementioned excavation; stops (137) being provided to maintain the spacing between said adjacent panels.   23. Device according to one of claims 18   to 22, characterized in that the series of panels below   laughers (103) mentioned above are constituted by flat panels having means (138) for positioning substantially at 90 relative to each other consisting in particular of two portions (114) of square tube fixed on one side (116 b) a panel (103 a) and spaced   so that a portion of square tube (115) corresponds to   laying fixed on the corresponding side (116 b) of an adjacent panel (103 b) and substantially perpendicular to the previous one is housed in the space thus defined to form a square tube (113), over the entire length of the sides (116 a, 116 b) correspondents of said panels,   adapted to receive the aforementioned round tube (111).   24. Device according to claim 23, characterized in that the above-mentioned upper (102) and lower (103) panels have through holes (120, 119; 118), respectively, for the passage of threaded rods (116, 117), respectively, for fixing said panels (102, 103) to the aforementioned support frame (101)   25. Device according to one of claims   21 to 24, characterized by a section (110) of substantially H section in which are embedded, on the one hand, - the lower edge (106) of two adjacent upper panels (108) mentioned above along a wall of the excavation (9) above and, on the other hand, the upper edge (139) of two adjacent lower panels (103) along a wall of the excavation (9), above allowing the fixing of two panels (103 ) lower between them by maintaining a space between them and fixing them to the corresponding upper panels (108); said profile being traversed by corresponding holes (141)   to the aforementioned through holes (120, 119; 118); the map-   between said two lower panels (103)   adjacent being maintained by stops (140) o.   26. Device according to one of claims   21 to 25, characterized by a section (121) of substantially U-shaped cross section in which the lower edges (122) of two abovementioned adjacent lower panels (103) are embedded along a wall of -the above-mentioned excavation (9).   27. Device according to one of claims   18 to 26, characterized in that the aforementioned panels (108, 103) consist of a wooden body (149), in particular of plywood, covered with a coating (150) 1-in particular metallic.   28. Buried room, such as in particular a cellar, according to at least claim 5 of the main patent, characterized in that said room (1) is enlarged,   parallel to the horizontal beams (16) longitudi-   nales supporting the ceiling tiles by adding at least one transverse horizontal beam (142), for example of reinforced concrete, at the end of said longitudinal beams (16) and by extending said longitudinal beams (16) with longitudinal beams (16) additional -   29. Room according to claim 28, characterized in that it is enlarged, perpendicular to the longitudinal beams (16) above by adding   additional longitudinal beams (16) parallel   related to said first longitudinal beams.   30. Room according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that at least one wall of said room (1) is constituted by panels or plates (143) while the remaining walls are formed by the boxes (8) cited above.   31. Room according to one of claims 28   to 30, characterized in that at least part of a wall of said room (1) consists of elements (144) stacked open at their bottom, on their top face   and their face facing the interior of said room (1).