FR2574443A1 - Method for constructing a waterproof cellar and cellar obtained by the implementation of the method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for constructing a waterproof cellar 1 and particularly a cellar under a pre-existing building such as a residence. The method is characterised in that a shell 7, made of flexible and waterproof material, is placed inside a hole 2, in that a concrete slab 10 is poured at the bottom of the shell, in that a formwork wall 12, in the shape of a cylinder with vertical axis which is vertically rigid but has a deformable cross-section, is introduced inside the shell and in that concrete rings 13, 14, 15 are poured between the shell and the wall of the hole, this space between the rings being filled with layers of filler material. Application to the building industry.

Description

 The invention relates to a method for producing a sealed cellar, as well as to the cellar obtained by implementing the method.

 In particular, but not exclusively, the invention relates to the production, under a preexisting building, such as for example a dwelling, of a cellar and this for the purpose of storing food or other products there.

 I1 is currently known to realize under a preexisting building a cellar having the shape of a cylinder of revolution of vertical axis.

 To do this, a cylindrical hole is dug under the house at the bottom of which a floor is generally placed, and the wall of which is lined with modular elements stacked one on top of the other.

 Such cellars are known, for example from patents FR-A-2,408,534 and 2,525,663.

 However, these cellars have the disadvantage of a very substantial reduction in cross-section due to the importance of the modular elements and, moreover, of not always guaranteeing a total tightness of the excavated area, since the water can infiltrate through the joints between the various stacked elements.

 In addition, these cellars require the handling and installation of a large number of independent elements, which makes their construction relatively demanding.

 One of the aims of the present invention is to propose a method for producing a cellar, in particular but not exclusively under a pre-existing building such as a dwelling, which method ensures the tightness of this cellar, and does not require handling and setting that few means.

According to the invention after having made a hole substantially in the form of a cylinder of revolution with a vertical axis, with which the bottom is optionally filled with a bed of sand, the method is characterized in that
- there is a pocket inside of the flexible and waterproof material, comprising a circular bottom and a cylindrical wall,
- a concrete slab is poured into the bottom of the pocket,
a formwork wall which is substantially rigid vertically but of deformable section is introduced inside the pocket and which is arranged concentrically and at a certain distance from the side wall of the hole,
- Between the pocket and the side wall of the hole, concrete rings are successively poured between which this space is filled with filling material.

The invention also relates to the cellar obtained by implementing the process, this cellar being characterized in that it is delimited by
- a pocket made of flexible and waterproof material comprising a circular bottom and a cylindrical wall with a vertical axis,
- a concrete slab poured at the end of the pocket,
- A cylindrical shuttering wall with a rigid vertical axis vertically but with a deformable section disposed inside the pocket at a certain distance from the side wall of the hole.

 - between the pocket and the side wall of the hole, substantially horizontal concrete rings spaced by layers of filling material - which fill the corresponding space.

 The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description below given by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the attached drawing which schematically represents, seen in section, a cellar obtained by the implementation of the process.

 The cellar 1 shown in the figure, is obtained by digging a hole 2, in particular but not exclusively under a preexisting building such as a dwelling which possibly may require the crossing of a floor slab.

 The hole has dimensions of diameter and height slightly greater than those of the cellar to be obtained.

 Preferably, its wall 3 is hollowed out with a plurality of substantially horizontal annular grooves 4, 5 whose role will appear later.

 Optionally, as is commonly done, the bottom of the hole 2 is lined with a bed 6 of sand.

 Inside the hole, a pocket made of flexible and waterproof material 7 is introduced, which has a circular bottom 8 and a wall 9 in the form of a cylinder of revolution, with a vertical axis.

 The bag is made of any suitable material, for example plasticized polyvinyl chloride or black butyl.

 At the bottom of the pocket is poured a concrete slab 10 which, after hardening, forms the cellar floor.

 Optionally, as is known, the concrete slab 10 can be subsequently covered with a cement screed as surfacing.

 Inside the zone delimited by the pocket, a formwork wall 12 of cylindrical shape with a vertical axis rigid vertically but whose section is deformable and whose diameter is practically equal to the diameter of the wall 9 of the pocket is introduced. 7.

 The formwork wall 12 is made of any suitable material and for example by means of a plurality of vertical blades, of height substantially equal to that of the hole, which are hinged together along their longitudinal edges to allow their winding under a low volume.

 The wall 12 is thus deformed so as to be brought into the hole 1 where it is developed so as to take the desired shape and to be applied against the wall 9 of the pocket 7.

 The shape given to the wall 12 and the longitudinal rigidity of its blades then gives it a certain stability which is subsequently reinforced.

 In the space between the wall 9 of the pocket 7 and the wall 3 of the hole 2, concrete rings 13, 14, 15 are poured between which this space is filled with layers 16, 17 of a filling material like sand.

 The single figure shows a ring 13 located at the bottom of the hole, a ring 14 in the middle part of the wall and a ring 15 in the upper part which moreover has a rim 18 constituting an upper slab provided with an opening 19 allowing access to the cellar 1.

 Advantageously, thanks to the grooves 4, 5 of the wall 3 of the hole 2, at least the lower rings 13, 14 have an annular rim ensuring anchoring in the ground to prevent the assembly of the assembly under the thrust of the waters.

 In addition, a reinforcement 20 can be placed in the area between the wall of the casing 9 and the wall of the hole 2, to be embedded in the concrete and in the material of the filling layers 16, 17.

 This reinforcement makes it possible to link the rings 13, 14 and 15.

 It should be noted that the wall 12 constitutes for these rings a kind of lost formwork, on which they come to bear.

 For this purpose, during the casting of the rings, the wall 12 may temporarily be reinforced by a support belt or framework, in order to avoid bending of the blades - or a deformation of the circumference.

It should also be emphasized that the wall 12 constitutes after the casting of the rings-13, 14, 15 the internal wall of the cellar
In particular thanks to the presence of the pocket 7, the cellar thus produced is waterproof.

 As is known, in order to facilitate the decompression of water under the cellar, casing can be made in the periphery of the cellar.

 The cellar produced according to the process of the invention can be fitted out in any suitable manner and in particular can be provided with a staircase allowing access and possibly upholstered as floor and ceiling covering with rot-proof carpet.

 The opening 19, meanwhile, can be closed by any means known to those skilled in the art.

 Naturally, the present description is given for information only and one could adopt another; implementations of the invention without departing from the scope thereof.

 In particular, the relative arrangement of the rings 13, 14, 15 could be different, and even, the space between the wall 12 and the wall 3 of the hole 2 could be completely filled with a concrete pour.

Claims (6)

 1. Method for producing a sealed cellar (1), in particular but not exclusively a cellar under a pre-existing building such as a dwelling, according to which a hole (2) is made substantially in the shape of a cylinder of revolution with a substantially vertical axis, with which the bottom is possibly lined with a bed of sand (6) CHARACTERIZED by the fact that:  - there is inside the hole (2) a pocket (7) of flexible and waterproof material, comprising a circular bottom (8) and a cylindrical wall (9),  - a concrete slab (10) is poured into the bottom of the pocket,  a formwork wall (12) is introduced inside the pocket (7) in the form of a cylinder with a substantially vertical axis, rigid vertically but of adjustable section,  - Is poured between the pocket (7) and the side wall (3) of the hole (2) at least one ring (13, 14, 15) of concrete.  2. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that several concrete rings are poured (13, 14, 15) spaced apart in height and between which this space is filled with layers (16, 17) of filling material.  3. Watertight cellar, obtained by implementing the method according to claim 1 or 2, produced from a hole (2) substantially in the form of a cylinder of revolution, with a vertical axis possibly provided with a bed of sand. (6) CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it includes  - a pocket (7) of flexible and waterproof material comprising a circular bottom (8) and a cylindrical wall (9) with a vertical axis,  - a concrete slab (10) poured into the bottom of the pocket,  a formwork wall (12) of cylindrical shape and vertical axis, vertically rigid but of deformable section disposed inside the pocket (7) against its side wall (9),  - between the wall (9) of the pocket (7) and the wall (3) of the hole (2), at least one ring (13, 14, 15) of concrete  4. Cellar according to claim 3 comprising several rings (13, 14, 15) spaced in height between which the spaces are filled with layers (16, 17) of filling material.  5. Cellar according to claim 3 or 4 characterized in that the wall (12) consists of a plurality of substantially vertical blades and hinged together along their longitudinal edges.  6. Cellar according to claim 4 characterized in that it comprises a reinforcement (20) embedded in the filling material and the rings (13, 14, 15) of concrete which it ensures ltespacement.