ES2648200T3 - Dispositivo de jaula vertebral - Google Patents
Dispositivo de jaula vertebral Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2648200T3 ES2648200T3 ES09009533.2T ES09009533T ES2648200T3 ES 2648200 T3 ES2648200 T3 ES 2648200T3 ES 09009533 T ES09009533 T ES 09009533T ES 2648200 T3 ES2648200 T3 ES 2648200T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- cage
- intervertebral
- vertebrae
- plate
- flat bar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/4455—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/4455—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
- A61F2/4465—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages having a circular or kidney shaped cross-section substantially perpendicular to the axis of the spine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/064—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue
- A61B17/0642—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue for bones, e.g. for osteosynthesis or connecting tendon to bone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7059—Cortical plates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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- A61B17/064—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue
- A61B2017/0647—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue having one single leg, e.g. tacks
- A61B2017/0648—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue having one single leg, e.g. tacks threaded, e.g. tacks with a screw thread
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/28—Bones
- A61F2002/2835—Bone graft implants for filling a bony defect or an endoprosthesis cavity, e.g. by synthetic material or biological material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
- A61F2002/3006—Properties of materials and coating materials
- A61F2002/3008—Properties of materials and coating materials radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30108—Shapes
- A61F2002/3011—Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
- A61F2002/30112—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners
- A61F2002/30131—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners horseshoe- or crescent- or C-shaped or U-shaped
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30433—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using additional screws, bolts, dowels, rivets or washers e.g. connecting screws
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30476—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
- A61F2002/305—Snap connection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30576—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for with extending fixation tabs
- A61F2002/30578—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for with extending fixation tabs having apertures, e.g. for receiving fixation screws
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
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- A61F2002/30593—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for hollow
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2002/448—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs comprising multiple adjacent spinal implants within the same intervertebral space or within the same vertebra, e.g. comprising two adjacent spinal implants
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- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
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- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
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- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
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- A61F2250/0096—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers
- A61F2250/0098—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Un sistema intervertebral de inserción en un espacio intervertebral entre dos vértebras adyacentes, comprendiendo dicho sistema una jaula (1) intervertebral y un dispositivo de fijación para fijar dicha jaula a una de dichas vértebras, caracterizado porque - dicha jaula tiene la forma de un anillo cerrado, en el que una parte descendente estrechada presenta una altura, a lo largo del eje geométrico de la columna vertebral, inferior al resto de esta jaula y forma una barra (62) plana y dos orejetas (54) dispuestas de forma simétrica están formadas en la jaula, - el dispositivo de fijación, configurado para ser introducido entre dicha barra (62) plana y dichas orejetas (54), está formado por dos lengüetas (51, 52) de anclaje con forma de V conectadas por un vástago (53) plano, - en el que el vástago (53) plano está adaptado para apoyarse sobre la barra (62) plana cuando las lengüetas (51, 52) son introducidas entre la barra (62) plana y las orejetas (54) e impactadas dentro de una placa de una vértebra, en el que el grosor del vástago (53) plano y de la barra (62) plana se determina de manera que su superposición después de la impactación no sea mayor, a lo largo del eje geométrico de la columna vertebral, que el resto de la jaula (1) intervertebral.
Description
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DESCRIPCION
Dispositivo de jaula vertebral
La presente invención se refiere a un dispositivo de artrodesis, utilizado para posibilitar la fusión de dos vértebras contiguas mediante el desarrollo de tejidos óseos con sustitución de discos fibrocartilaginosos que aseguran la unión entre las vértebras de la columna vertebral o del extremo de esta última.
Los discos intervertebrales están formados a partir de una pieza deformable pero no comprimible denominada "núcleo pulposo" que contiene aproximadamente un 80% de agua, rodeado por varias capas fibrosas elásticas que se unen para mantener el núcleo, absorbiendo parte de las fuerzas aplicadas a la unidad de disco, y estabilizando la articulación. Estas partes pueden a menudo degradarse por compresión, desplazamiento o desgaste y desgarro, debidos a impactos, infecciones, fuerzas extremas o simplemente con el paso del tiempo. La degradación de esta parte de la articulación puede provocar un dolor intenso en el paciente y una incomodidad considerable.
En un buen número de supuestos, el tratamiento consiste en eliminar todo o parte del disco intervertebral dañado y conectar las vértebras implicadas provocando la fusión ósea entre ellas. Para llevar esto a cabo, se sitúa entre las vértebras una estructura artificial que permite que se mantenga su separación, al tiempo que se introduce en el espacio intervertebral o bien un injerto óseo o bien un sustituto óseo, un material compuesto que será invadido por el crecimiento de los tejidos óseos adyacentes. Esta estructura a menudo adopta la forma de un anillo abierto o cerrado denominado jaula, y puede quedar situada sobre la base de una jaula por el espacio intervertebral en el caso de las vértebras cervicales, o sobre la base de una o dos jaulas por el espacio intervertebral en el caso de vértebras lumbares. Este posicionamiento se lleva a cabo la mayoría de las veces por la superficie anterior de las vértebras en el caso de una jaula cervical, o por la superficie anterolateral de las vértebras (una jaula) o posterior (dos jaulas) de vértebras en el caso de la jaula lumbar. En cuanto a los injertos y a los sustitutos óseos, son introducidos en la jaula ya sea antes o después de su posicionamiento y, por tanto, se encuentran en contacto con las dos vértebras que rodean el espacio intervertebral tratado.
Durante el tiempo necesario para el crecimiento y hasta el refuerzo de la artrodesis que puede ser del orden de seis meses, es importante que los distintos movimientos de las fuerzas que tienen lugar dentro del espacio intervertebral no provoquen el desplazamiento de la jaula, lo que produciría el riesgo de deterioro de los tejidos óseos durante la formación o incluso su escape por fuera del espacio y el daño de los órganos adyacentes.
Para evitar dichos desplazamientos, una solución utilizada consiste en equipar las superficies de la jaula en contacto con las vértebras con variantes de forma, por ejemplo unas muescas en dientes sierre como se describe en las Patentes FR 0006351 o FR 2733413. Dicha solución, sin embargo, se ha demostrado ser insuficiente en determinados supuestos.
Otra solución consiste en equipar una jaula con una brida que se extienda sobre el exterior del espacio intervertebral y se aplique sobre el lado de cada una de las dos vértebras contiguas, a las cuales se fija mediante un tornillo de anclaje al hueso. Dicha solución ha sido utilizada desde aproximadamente 1988 y se describe, por ejemplo, en la Patente FR 2 747 034. Dicha placa, sin embargo, representa un amontonamiento en el exterior del espacio intervertebral que algunas veces puede plantear problemas, en particular, en el caso de artrodesis de las vértebras cervicales donde el espacio disponible es muy limitado. De hecho, la presencia de la placa puede, por ejemplo, constituir una incomodidad constante para el paciente o constituye un obstáculo inmediato o futuro para el posicionamiento de otra jaula con placa en una de las placas inmediatamente adyacentes.
Así mismo, en particular en el caso de las vértebras cervicales, los movimientos de la columna vertebral a menudo tienen la tendencia a provocar el aflojamiento de los tornillos de anclaje al hueso, lo que disminuye la eficacia de dicha placa y puede también provocar daños a los órganos circundantes a la placa.
Por tanto, resulta conveniente proporcionar también un sistema que permita la fijación de la jaula sin una parte que se extienda por fuera del espacio intervertebral.
Además, estas diferentes soluciones pueden satisfacer las necesidades de una operación de artrodesis de modo diferente sin que sea necesariamente posible conocer de antemano cuál de ellas será preferente. Por tanto, es más fácil y menos costoso disponer de un dispositivo modular que comprenda unas partes intercambiables para conseguir soluciones diferentes. El documento WO-A-99/56676 divulga la técnica anterior más relevante. Para poner remedio a algunos de estos inconvenientes la presente invención propone un sistema de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1.
Otras características concretas y / o ventajosas se definen en las reivindicaciones dependientes.
La invención, con sus características y ventajas, se pondrá en evidencia con mayor claridad con la lectura de la descripción efectuada con referencia a los dibujos adjuntos, en los cuales:
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- la figura 1a representa una vista lateral en sección del dispositivo de acuerdo con la invención en una forma de realización en la que el dispositivo de fijación comprende unas espigas de anclaje y una hemiplaca superior;
- la figura 1b representa una vista lateral en sección del dispositivo de acuerdo con la invención en una forma de realización en la que el dispositivo de fijación comprende una placa completa, con una abertura, complementada por unos espárragos de bloqueo y con unos tornillos de anclaje retenidos en las perforaciones de la placa;
- la figura 2 representa una vista superior en sección del dispositivo de acuerdo con la invención en una forma de realización en la que el dispositivo de fijación comprende unas espigas de anclaje y una hemiplaca inferior;
- la figura 3a representa una vista en perspectiva de una jaula intervertebral de acuerdo con la invención;
- la figura 3b representa una vista en perspectiva de un dispositivo de acuerdo con la invención antes de la impactación de unas espigas en una forma de realización, en la que el dispositivo de fijación comprende unas espigas de anclaje con unas variaciones de forma;
- la figura 3c representa una vista en perspectiva de un dispositivo de acuerdo con la invención antes de impactar unas lengüetas en forma "V" en una forma de realización en la que el dispositivo de fijación comprende unas lengüetas en forma de "V";
- la figura 4a representa una vista en perspectiva de un dispositivo de acuerdo con la invención en una forma de realización en la que el dispositivo de fijación comprende unas espigas de anclaje y una hemiplaca inferior;
- la figura 4b representa una vista en perspectiva de un dispositivo de acuerdo con la invención en una forma de realización en la que el dispositivo de fijación comprende unas espigas de anclaje y una hemiplaca superior con una abertura;
- la figura 5a representa una vista en perspectiva de un dispositivo de acuerdo con la invención en una forma de realización en la que el dispositivo de fijación comprende unas espigas de anclaje y una placa completa con abertura;
- la figura 5b representa una vista en perspectiva de un dispositivo de acuerdo con la invención en una forma de realización en la que el dispositivo de fijación comprende una placa completa complementada por unos espárragos de bloqueo, ilustrados con tornillos de anclaje.
En una forma de realización, un ejemplo de un dispositivo de artrodesis comprende al menos una jaula (1) intervertebral en forma de anillo, diseñada para ser insertada en el espacio intervertebral (E) para ser tratada entre dos vértebras contiguas, y destinada a ser recibida dentro de una cavidad (10, figura 2a) interior de un material óseo que actúa como injerto, o cualquier estructura que pueda actuar como sustituto óseo o que pueda ser ensamblada por un crecimiento de material óseo. La cavidad de la jaula intervertebral puede ser así llenada antes o después de su posicionamiento dentro del espacio intervertebral.
De acuerdo con las aplicaciones, un ejemplo del dispositivo puede incluir una única jaula (1, figuras 1 y 2) intervertebral, por ejemplo para realizar una artrodesis entre dos vértebras cervicales.
De acuerdo con las aplicaciones, un ejemplo del dispositivo puede incluir dos jaulas intervertebrales (no representadas) por ejemplo para llevar a cabo una artrodesis entre dos vértebras lumbares durante el posicionamiento por la ruta posterior.
De acuerdo con las aplicaciones, un ejemplo de una jaula intervertebral puede practicarse bajo la forma de un anillo (1, figura 3a) cerrado o bajo la forma de un anillo abierto sobre un lado (no representado).
En una forma de realización representado en las figuras 1 y 2a, un ejemplo de dispositivo de fijación permite el anclaje de la jaula en la placa (V0) de una vértebra (V) dentro del espacio (E) intervertebral que debe ser tratado. Este dispositivo de fijación está formado a partir de dos espigas (21, 22) de anclaje, con unos ejes geométricos aproximadamente paralelos y conectados por un pequeño vástago (23). Estas espigas de anclaje son introducidas en dos taladros (121, 122) practicados en una parte descendente estrechada de la jaula intervertebral, siendo a continuación impactada, que es empujada hacia el interior con fuerza, penetrando en el material óseo que forma la placa de una de las dos vértebras que rodean el espacio intervertebral que debe de ser tratado.
En una forma de realización, la parte descendente estrechada de la jaula forma un pequeño vástago (12) plano sobre el cual se apoya el pequeño vástago (23), y es también plano, conectando las dos espigas (21, 22) cuando estas últimas son impactadas en la placa (V0) de la vértebra (V). El grosor del pequeño vástago (23) que conecta las espigas de anclaje y el pequeño vástago (12) formado por el estrechamiento de la jaula (1) intervertebral se determina de manera que la superposición de los dos pequeños vástagos (12, 23) después de impactar no sean de mayor altitud a lo largo del eje geométrico de la columna vertebral que el resto de la jaula (1) intervertebral.
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En una forma de realización representada en la figura 3b, la longitud de las espigas (21, 22) de anclaje y el grosor del pequeño vástago (23) que las conecta se determina de forma que la suma de estas dos dimensiones que forman la altura del dispositivo de fijación en esta forma de realización no sea mayor que la altura a lo largo del eje geométrico de la columna vertebral del resto de la jaula (1) intervertebral. Así, es posible introducir en este espacio intervertebral una jaula intervertebral ya provista de espigas de anclaje, siendo estas últimas únicamente impactadas dentro de la placa (V0) de una vértebra (V) por ejemplo con la ayuda de un separador, un distractor u otra herramienta de tipo conocido.
En la forma de realización de la invención, representada en la figura 3c, el dispositivo de fijación, que permite que el anclaje dispositivo dentro de la placa (V0) de la vértebra (V) dentro del espacio (E ) intervertebral sea tratado, está constituido por dos lengüetas (51, 52) de anclaje con forma de "V", conectadas por un pequeño vástago (53). Estas lengüetas (51, 52) de anclaje son introducidas entre una parte descendente estrechada de la jaula intervertebral que forma un pequeño vástago (62) y dos orejetas (solo se representa una, 54, en la figura 3c) formadas sobre el dispositivo y simétricamente dispuestas en relación con el eje geométrico del dispositivo. Las lengüetas (51, 52) de anclaje con forma de "V" son a continuación impactadas, como en el caso del dispositivo provisto de las espigas (21, 22), y el pequeño vástago (53) plano, que conecta las dos lengüetas (51, 52) de anclaje con forma de "V" puede apoyarse sobre el pequeño vástago (62), también plano, cuando las lengüetas son impactadas dentro de la placa (V0) de una vértebra (V). El grosor del pequeño vástago (53) que conecta las lengüetas de anclaje y el pequeño vástago (62) formados por un estrechamiento de la jaula (1) intervertebral se determina de manera que la superposición de los dos pequeños vástagos (62, 53) después de la impactación no sea mayor a lo largo del eje geométrico de la columna vertebral que el resto de la jaula (1) intervertebral.
En una forma de realización (no representada), un ejemplo del dispositivo comprende dos jaulas intervertebrales. Estas dos jaulas están cada una formadas a partir de un anillo abierto en el que, al menos parte, presenta una reducción en la altura a lo largo del eje de la médula espinal. En una forma de realización, al menos una de estas mismas jaulas tiene forma de "U" o "C" (no representadas) y cada una incluye en su extremo un pequeño vástago presentando desde una parte una reducción de la altura a lo largo del eje geométrico de la columna. Estos pequeños vástagos son cruzados por al menos un taladro con un eje geométrico aproximadamente perpendicular a la placa (V0) de la vértebra (V) con la cual están en contacto. En una forma de realización, dos jaulas intervertebrales están dispuestas dentro del espacio intervertebral con sus aberturas encaradas entre sí, e incluyendo al menos un dispositivo de fijación dos espigas de anclaje con unos ejes geométricos paralelos conectados por un pequeño vástago, que es introducido en el taladro de cada uno de los pequeños vástagos con sus extremos encarados entre sí. Las espigas de anclaje son entonces impactadas dentro de la placa de la vértebra (7) e insertadas dentro de los taladros de los pequeños vástagos de las jaulas intervertebrales para ayudar a mantener inmóviles dichas jaulas.
En una forma de realización, una jaula (1) intervertebral incluye sobre al menos una de sus superficies en contacto con las vértebras (V) unas variaciones de forma (11), por ejemplo, unos dientes de sierra [palabra mal deletreada: forma]. Bajo la presión ejercida por las vértebras que rodean el espacio (E) intervertebral tratado, estas variaciones de forma son soportadas por la superficie de la placa (V0) de estas mismas vértebras y así limitan los riesgos de desplazamiento de la misma jaula intervertebral.
En un ejemplo representado en las figuras 1, 2a y 4b, un dispositivo de fijación comprende una placa denominada hemiplaca superior (32) unida con el pequeño vástago (23) que conecta las espigas (21, 22) de anclaje entre sí, que se extiende por fuera del espacio (E) intervertebral que debe ser tratado y que está acoplado a la superficie exterior de la vértebra opuesta a la vértebra que recibe la espiga de anclaje. Esta hemiplaca superior incluye al menos un taladro (321) que recibe un tornillo (4) de anclaje al hueso de tipo conocido, estando este tornillo (4) fijado dentro de un cuerpo de la vértebra e insertándose dentro de la placa para impedir todo tipo de migración de la jaula (1) intervertebral dentro o fuera del espacio (E) intervertebral tratado. Esta hemiplaca superior también comprende una abertura (320) que permite la introducción del injerto dentro de la jaula (1) después de su posicionamiento dentro del espacio intervertebral. La parte de la pieza que conecta el pequeño vástago (23) y la hemiplaca (32) superior ofrece, entonces, forma de "L".
En una forma de realización representada en la figura 4a, una placa denominada hemiplaca (31) inferior está fijada de la misma manera a la vértebra que recibe las espiga de anclaje. La parte de la pieza que conecta el pequeño vástago (23) y la hemiplaca (31) inferior ofrece, entonces, forma de "L".
En una forma de realización representada en la figura 5a, un ejemplo de un dispositivo de fijación comprende una placa denominada placa (33) completa solidaria con el pequeño vástago (23) que conecta las espigas (21, 22) de anclaje entre sí, que se extiende hasta el exterior del espacio (E) intervertebral que debe ser tratado y está acoplado a la superficie exterior de estas dos vértebras que rodean el espacio (E) intervertebral que debe ser tratado. La parte de la pieza que conecta el pequeño vástago (23) y la placa (33) completa presenta entonces la forma de una "T". Esta placa (33) completa incluye al menos dos taladros (331, 332) cada uno de los cuales recibe un tornillo (4) de anclaje al hueso conocido, estando este tornillo (4) fijado dentro del cuerpo de la correspondiente vértebra e insertándose dentro de la placa para impedir todo tipo de migración de la jaula (1) intervertebral dentro o fuera del espacio (E) intervertebral tratado. Esta placa completa también incluye una abertura (330) que permite la introducción del injerto dentro de la jaula (1) después de su emplazamiento dentro del espacio intervertebral.
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En una forma de realización representada en la figura 1b y 5a, un ejemplo de un dispositivo de fijación comprende una placa denominada placa (33) completa unida con el pequeño vástago (23), incluyendo este pequeño vástago dos espárragos (24, 25) de bloqueo perpendiculares a su eje geométrico longitudinal y que está alojado dentro de los dos taladros (121, 122) de la jaula (1) intervertebral. Esta placa (33) completa se extiende por fuera del espacio (E) intervertebral que debe ser tratado y está acoplada a la superficie exterior de las dos vértebras que rodean el espacio (E) intervertebral que debe ser tratado. El hecho de utilizar espárragos de bloqueo más que espigas hace posible utilizar un material que no sería tan duro para ser impactado dentro de la placa de la vértebra, pero, por otro lado, presenta la ventaja de ser transparente desde el punto de vista radiográfico. La parte de la pieza que conecta el pequeño vástago (23) y la placa (33) completa presenta entonces forma de "T" en su sección a lo largo de un plano que contiene el eje geométrico de la columna vertebral.
La placa (33) completa incluye al menos dos taladros (331, 332) cada uno de los cuales recibe un tornillo (4) de anclaje al hueso de tipo conocido, estando este tornillo (4) fijado dentro del cuerpo de la correspondiente vértebra e insertándose dentro de la placa para impedir todo tipo de migración de la jaula (1) intervertebral dentro o fuera del espacio (E) intervertebral tratado.
En una forma de realización representada en la figura 5a, un pequeño vástago (23) que conecta los espárragos de bloqueo y la placa (33) completa presenta en sus dos extremos en contacto con las paredes de la jaula (1) intervertebral una protuberancia redondeada sujeta por una deformación elástica dentro de una carcasa (13) dispuesta en la pared opuesta de la jaula (1) intervertebral. El pinzamiento de las protuberancias (233) dentro de las carcasas (13) hace posible mantener la jaula (1) y la placa (33) unidas durante el posicionamiento de la unidad o después del posicionamiento.
En una forma de realización, para evitar que los tornillos de anclaje se suelten por ejemplo debido al efecto de los movimientos de la columna, los taladros de la placa (33) reciben los tornillos en un plano paralelo a la placa presenta una sección ligeramente inferior al interior de la placa al nivel de su abertura sobre la superficie opuesta a la vértebra, llamada externa. La cabeza de los tornillos presenta una parte con una sección mayor que la de la abertura externa del taladro. Así, una vez atornillada al punto en el que la mayor parte de la cabeza del tornillo hubo penetrado en el interior del taladro mediante la aplicación de fuerza, la elasticidad del material que forma la placa retendrá esta cabeza dentro del taladro, limitando los riesgos de su aflojamiento posterior. Esta placa completa también comprende una abertura (330) que permite la introducción del injerto dentro de la jaula (1) después de su posicionamiento dentro del espacio intervertebral.
En una forma de realización, la placa (31, 32, 33) de un ejemplo del dispositivo de fijación incluye al menos uno de sus taladros (311, 321, 331, 332) que reciben un tornillo (4) de anclaje al suelo que está situado en una posición desplazada con respecto a un plano que contiene el eje geométrico de la columna. Así es posible tratar dos espacios intervertebrales adyacentes utilizando las placas de fijación y posicionando estas placas en filas al tresbolillo, permitiendo la posición desplazada de sus taladros y que queden fijados por diferentes tornillos situados sobre la misma vértebra y a la misma altura del eje geométrico de la columna.
En una forma de realización, todo o parte del dispositivo de acuerdo con la invención está fabricado a partir de un material radiotransparente, por ejemplo PEEK que hace posible monitorizar el dispositivo de tejidos óseos dentro de la jaula por radiografía. En lugar de ello, para la verificación de que los elementos del dispositivo no están desplazados, es posible fijar sobre uno o más de los elementos, un radiomarcador que contenga, por ejemplo, una pequeña pieza de material no radiotransparente.
Por tanto, de acuerdo con las aplicaciones, es posible posicionar una jaula (1) intervertebral de manera diferente, simplemente utilizando un tipo u otro del dispositivo de fijación. La misma jaula (1) intervertebral puede, por ejemplo, ser situada:
- o bien sola,
- o provista de un dispositivo de fijación con espigas (21, 22, 23),
- o provista de un dispositivo de fijación con unas espigas y con una hemiplaca superior (32) o inferior (33),
- o provista de un dispositivo de fijación con espigas y con una placa (33) completa,
- o provista de una hemiplaca superior (32) o inferior (31) complementada por unos espárragos (24, 25) de
bloqueo,
- o bien provista de una placa (33) completa complementada por los espárragos (24, 25) de bloqueo.
Dicha modularidad puede hacer posible que el cirujano escoja el tipo de fijación durante la intervención quirúrgica y de acuerdo con las condiciones anatómicas a las que se enfrente, disponiendo de un número reducido de componentes entre los cuales elegir.
Así mismo, debe destacarse que el dispositivo de fijación está relacionado, por ejemplo, con unas espigas o una placa o ambos elementos, puede ser posteriormente retirado sin destrucción considerable de la artrodesis llevada a cabo, por ejemplo durante una nueva intervención quirúrgica. De hecho, este dispositivo puede ya no ser necesario después del refuerzo de la artrodesis, aunque suponga una incomodidad, o bien para el paciente o bien para un 5 tratamiento similar de un espacio intervertebral adyacente.
Debe resultar evidente para los expertos en la materia que la presente invención permite la adopción de formas de realización con arreglo a numerosas formas específicas adicionales sin abandonar el campo de aplicación de la invención tal y como se reivindica. Como resultado de ello, las presentes formas de realización pueden ser consideradas como ilustrativas, pero pueden ser modificadas en el campo definido por el alcance de las 10 reivindicaciones adjuntas, y la invención no debe considerarse limitada por los detalles anteriormente ofrecidos.
Claims (5)
- 510152025REIVINDICACIONES1. - Un sistema intervertebral de inserción en un espacio intervertebral entre dos vértebras adyacentes, comprendiendo dicho sistema una jaula (1) intervertebral y un dispositivo de fijación para fijar dicha jaula a una de dichas vértebras, caracterizado porque- dicha jaula tiene la forma de un anillo cerrado, en el que una parte descendente estrechada presenta una altura, a lo largo del eje geométrico de la columna vertebral, inferior al resto de esta jaula y forma una barra (62) plana y dos orejetas (54) dispuestas de forma simétrica están formadas en la jaula,- el dispositivo de fijación, configurado para ser introducido entre dicha barra (62) plana y dichas orejetas (54), está formado por dos lengüetas (51, 52) de anclaje con forma de V conectadas por un vástago (53) plano,- en el que el vástago (53) plano está adaptado para apoyarse sobre la barra (62) plana cuando las lengüetas (51, 52) son introducidas entre la barra (62) plana y las orejetas (54) e impactadas dentro de una placa de una vértebra, en el que el grosor del vástago (53) plano y de la barra (62) plana se determina de manera que su superposición después de la impactación no sea mayor, a lo largo del eje geométrico de la columna vertebral, que el resto de la jaula (1) intervertebral.
- 2. - El sistema de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la barra (62) plana y las orejetas (54) forman un paso para guiar el dispositivo de fijación a lo largo de un eje geométrico que forma un ángulo agudo con el eje geométrico de la columna vertebral.
- 3. - El sistema de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 2, caracterizado porque dicha jaula (1) intervertebral comprende unas variantes de forma en dientes de sierra tanto en sus superficies superior como inferior, para limitar sus posibilidades de deslizamiento en un plano paralelo a las placas de dichas vértebras.
- 4. - El sistema de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, caracterizado porque al menos una porción de la jaula (1) intervertebral está fabricada a partir de un material radiotransparente.
- 5. - El sistema de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 4, caracterizado porque dicha jaula (1) intervertebral comprende un radiomarcador.
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FR0109381A FR2827156B1 (fr) | 2001-07-13 | 2001-07-13 | Dispositif de cage vertebrale avec fixation modulaire |
FR0109381 | 2001-07-13 |
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ES02784881T Expired - Lifetime ES2367103T3 (es) | 2001-07-13 | 2002-07-12 | Dispositivo de caja vertical con fijación modular. |
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US (5) | US7594931B2 (es) |
EP (3) | EP1406563B1 (es) |
JP (2) | JP4448325B2 (es) |
KR (1) | KR100910014B1 (es) |
CN (2) | CN1527688B (es) |
AT (1) | ATE513534T1 (es) |
BR (1) | BRPI0211086B1 (es) |
CA (1) | CA2451989C (es) |
DK (1) | DK1406563T3 (es) |
ES (2) | ES2648200T3 (es) |
FR (1) | FR2827156B1 (es) |
MX (1) | MXPA04000273A (es) |
PT (1) | PT1406563E (es) |
RU (1) | RU2344792C2 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2003005939A2 (es) |
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2001
- 2001-07-13 FR FR0109381A patent/FR2827156B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2002
- 2002-07-12 PT PT02784881T patent/PT1406563E/pt unknown
- 2002-07-12 CN CN028140699A patent/CN1527688B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-12 CN CN200910164433XA patent/CN101647735B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-12 BR BRPI0211086A patent/BRPI0211086B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-12 MX MXPA04000273A patent/MXPA04000273A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2002-07-12 EP EP02784881A patent/EP1406563B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-12 EP EP09009533.2A patent/EP2113228B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-12 WO PCT/IB2002/003390 patent/WO2003005939A2/en active Application Filing
- 2002-07-12 DK DK02784881.1T patent/DK1406563T3/da active
- 2002-07-12 CA CA002451989A patent/CA2451989C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-12 RU RU2004104341/14A patent/RU2344792C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-12 ES ES09009533.2T patent/ES2648200T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-12 ES ES02784881T patent/ES2367103T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-12 KR KR1020047000507A patent/KR100910014B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-12 US US10/483,563 patent/US7594931B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-12 JP JP2003511749A patent/JP4448325B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-12 EP EP11157596A patent/EP2340788A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-07-12 AT AT02784881T patent/ATE513534T1/de active
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2009
- 2009-04-27 US US12/430,768 patent/US8147556B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-07-13 JP JP2009164339A patent/JP5356135B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2012
- 2012-04-03 US US13/438,352 patent/US9078765B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2015
- 2015-07-14 US US14/798,900 patent/US9649199B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2017-05-16 US US15/597,130 patent/US20170319354A1/en not_active Abandoned
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