EP1194729A1 - Verfahren zum setzen und zünden einer sprengladung für geologische untersuchungen und sprengvorrichtung - Google Patents
Verfahren zum setzen und zünden einer sprengladung für geologische untersuchungen und sprengvorrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1194729A1 EP1194729A1 EP00947857A EP00947857A EP1194729A1 EP 1194729 A1 EP1194729 A1 EP 1194729A1 EP 00947857 A EP00947857 A EP 00947857A EP 00947857 A EP00947857 A EP 00947857A EP 1194729 A1 EP1194729 A1 EP 1194729A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- explosive
- container
- ignition element
- borehole
- element holder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/10—Feeding explosives in granular or slurry form; Feeding explosives by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/02—Generating seismic energy
- G01V1/104—Generating seismic energy using explosive charges
- G01V1/13—Arrangements or disposition of charges to produce a desired pattern in space or time
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for setting and detonating an explosive charge for geological surveys and to an explosive device for geological surveys.
- a drill hole is first drilled into the soil to be examined using a drill pipe.
- An explosive container with an ignition element is then lowered into the borehole.
- the borehole is then closed and the ignition is triggered.
- the explosive container has a concentrated spherical or cuboid shape in order to realize an explosion center that is as punctiform as is necessary for precise geological investigations.
- the diameter of the borehole must be at least large enough that the explosive container fits through and can easily be lowered to the bottom of the borehole. Borehole diameters of 80 mm to 150 mm are typically required for this. However, these relatively large borehole diameters have the disadvantage that the bores, which typically have a depth of 10-30 m, are complex, lengthy and therefore also costly.
- the object of the invention is to provide an improved blasting method and an improved blasting device for geological surveys.
- the method according to the invention initially comprises the method steps of drilling a borehole into the soil to be investigated and hollowing out an explosive chamber at the end of the borehole which is enlarged compared to the borehole.
- the borehole can be drilled with a relatively small diameter, which only has to be sufficiently dimensioned to make the expanded blasting chamber accessible, but does not have the blasting chamber diameter. Then be a
- the borehole can be chosen to be as small in size as is currently required to make the blasting chamber accessible and to be loaded . Borehole diameters of 25 to 60 mm are sufficient for this.
- the explosive packaged in a slim explosive container is let down through the borehole to the explosive chamber together with the ignition element, but spatially separated from it. The diameter of the explosive container is so small that it can easily be lowered through the borehole.
- the explosives are squeezed out of the slim explosive container and distributed over the entire width of the explosive chamber, which is expanded compared to the borehole, and finally detonated.
- the explosives By transporting the explosives to the end of the borehole in a slim explosive container adapted to the small borehole width, the explosive can also be brought to the bottom of the borehole through very narrow boreholes. Due to the small borehole diameter, drilling is quick, inexpensive and can be carried out with fewer complications.
- the blasting chamber is preferably hollowed out by introducing a flushing fluid to the end of the borehole and flushing out the blasting chamber with the flushing fluid introduced.
- This rinsing can be done by blowing in compressed air, steam or water.
- Approximately 80% of geological soil surveys are carried out in relatively soft soil or layers of earth.
- the comparatively simple expansion of the lower end of the borehole into an expanded blasting chamber by flushing out with a fluid, Air, water vapor or water, for example, is a simple and effective method of hollowing out an expanded explosive chamber in relatively soft soils.
- an ignition element holder holding the ignition element and the explosive container are preferably coupled together.
- the explosive container is pushed off the ignition element holder and taken out of the borehole.
- the ignition element holder and the explosive container are thus coupled together to form a unit through the borehole down to the explosive chamber, the explosive is squeezed out of the explosive container into the explosive chamber, the explosive container is separated from the ignition element holder and the explosive container is finally pulled out of the borehole again.
- the coupling of the explosive container and the ignition element holder is made easier by the coupling, on the other hand, by subsequently separating the explosive container, it can be made up again, filled with explosive and used for further explosions.
- a pressure hose is attached to the explosive container before the ignition element and the explosive container are lowered, and after the lowering, the explosive is pressed out of the container by pressurizing the explosive container through the pressure hose.
- the explosive container is preferably repelled by pressurizing a releasable coupling between the explosive container and the ignition part through the pressure hose. Repelling or uncoupling the explosive container from the ignition element holder by pressurization, Compressed air, for example, poses no additional risks of an unwanted explosion, is mechanically simple to implement and highly reliable.
- the explosive device for geological surveys has an explosive container which can be lowered in a borehole and has a flowable explosive, a push-out device for pushing out the explosive from the explosive container, an ignition element holder arranged on the explosive container with an ignition element for detonating the expressed explosive, and a flow path through which the expressed explosive can flow from the explosive container to the ignition element.
- the explosives are transported in a transport container to the actual explosive site, for example to the bottom of the borehole, and are only then expressed from the explosive container.
- the cross section of the explosives container and the ignition element holder are adapted to the borehole diameter, so that explosives can also be transported completely and reliably through the narrow boreholes to the end of the borehole.
- the ignition element holder is arranged axially in front of the explosive container, the explosive being expressed from the explosive container through the essentially axial flow path in the direction of the ignition element.
- the explosive squeezed out of the explosive container runs downwards out of the explosive container and surrounds the ignition element holder or the ignition element arranged below the explosive container.
- the explosive container preferably has a repulsion device for repelling the detachable explosive container from the ignition element holder. After the explosive has been squeezed out, the explosive container can be pushed off from the ignition element holder remaining in the borehole and pulled out of the borehole again. The explosives container can then be filled with explosives and used again.
- the explosive container is an elongated cylinder body and the ejection device is a piston which is movable in the longitudinal direction in the cylinder body.
- the piston-cylinder arrangement represents a slim and, at the same time, reliably functioning construction of the explosive container with a push-out device.
- the explosive container has a pressure hose connection through which the piston rear side facing away from the explosive can be pressurized.
- a pressure hose for example an air pressure hose, is connected to the pressure hose connection before the explosive container is lowered.
- the piston is pressurized via the pressure hose so that the piston pushes the explosive out of the explosive container.
- the ignition element holder preferably has a protective bladder surrounding the ignition element for receiving the expressed explosive.
- the explosive remains concentrated around the ignition element and can do not seep into the ground.
- the protective bladder protects the ignition element when the ignition element holder is lowered and then protects the explosive that is expressed from dirt, moisture and water from the outside.
- the piston forms the repelling device, the piston and the explosive container being designed in such a way that the piston pushes the ignition element holder off the explosive container at the end of its ejection path.
- the piston thus serves both to push the explosive out of the cylinder and, at the end of its piston stroke, as a push-off device for pushing off the empty explosive container from the ignition element holder. A simple construction and design of a repulsion device is thus realized.
- the repelling device can also be formed by a fluid channel on the explosive container, the fluid channel ending at a stop surface of the ignition element holder and pressure being able to be exerted via the pressure hose connection in order to repel the ignition element holder.
- This can happen, for example, in that the fluid channel is only opened at the end of the piston stroke, whereupon the fluid channel is pressurized from the pressure hose or pressure hose connection.
- the pressure acts on the ignition element holder stop surface through the fluid channel, as a result of which the explosive container is pushed off or repelled by the ignition element holder.
- This construction also creates a simple repulsion device which uses the pressure hose connection as an energy source.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a borehole when drilling the borehole and hollowing out an enlarged explosive chamber
- FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a part of the assembled explosive device lowered into the explosive chamber when the explosive is being squeezed out
- Fig. 4 shows the assembled blasting device of Fig. 2 in the area of the blasting chamber with the repelled by the ignition element holder
- FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section of the explosive chamber filled with explosives with an ignition element holder
- FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the explosive device with fluid channels for repelling the explosive container from the ignition element holder
- Fig. 7 shows a third embodiment of an explosive device.
- Figs. 1 to 5 show the essential process steps for drilling a borehole and setting an explosive charge for geological surveys.
- a drill hole 14 is drilled into the soil 12 to be examined using a drill 10.
- the drill string 16 of the drill 10 and the borehole 14 can have a diameter of approximately 25 to 60 mm.
- the length of the borehole is determined from the desired one Depth of the explosion center and is usually between 10 m and 30 m.
- the drill string 16 has a central flushing line 18 through which a flushing fluid can be directed to the drill head 20.
- An explosive chamber 22 is hollowed out at the lower end of the borehole 14 at the desired depth of the later explosion center by introducing flushing fluid and possibly pumping it out.
- the explosive chamber 22 is essentially spherical and has a volume of several liters. Air, but also water, water vapor or similar agents can be used as the flushing fluid. After drilling the borehole 14 and flushing out the explosive chamber 22, the drill pipe 16 is brought up again.
- FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of an explosive device 30, which essentially consists of an ignition element holder 32 with an ignition element 34, an explosive container 36 and an ejection device 38.
- the ignition element holder 32, the explosive container 36 and the ejection device 38 are only assembled at the borehole 14, as in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the explosive container 36 is a cylinder body 40 which is filled with a flowable explosive 42 and is closed at both longitudinal ends with a sealing film 44, 46. At both longitudinal ends, the cylinder body 40 has an external thread 48.50.
- the cylinder body 40 is made of aluminum, but can also be made of plastic or other suitable materials.
- the outer diameter of the cylinder body 40 is between 15 and 60 mm, its length between 50 and 2000 mm.
- the foils 44, 46 consist of plastic-coated paper, aluminum or plastic.
- a protective cap can be screwed onto both ends of the explosive container for transport.
- the ignition element holder 32 consists of a frame part 52 which holds the ignition element 34. Furthermore, a protective bladder 54 is fixed around the lower half of the frame part 52 and is fixed in a circumferential groove of the frame part 52 with a wire ring.
- the frame part 52 is made of aluminum, but can also be made of plastic.
- the frame part 52 has three axial legs 56 in its lower half, which on their lower ends converge in a star shape and in the middle of which the ignition element 34 is inserted in a cup 55 which is open at the top.
- the protective bladder 54 is elastic and consists of rubber or plastic.
- the protective bladder can alternatively also have a specific plasticity, so that it plastically adapts to the volume. Its volume is approximately 3 liters in the relaxed state.
- the protective bladder 54 is watertight and shields the explosive which is subsequently filled in from the environment and prevents the explosive from seeping into the ground.
- the upper end of the frame part 52 is inserted into a hollow cylinder-like adapter part 58.
- the frame part 52 has at its upper end an outer circumferential groove in which an elastic O-ring 60 is fixed. In this way it is ensured that the frame part 52 holds in the adapter part 58, but can be expelled against the frictional forces between the O-ring 60 and the inner circumference of the adapter part 58.
- the upper end of the adapter part 58 has an internal thread 62 which can be screwed onto the external thread 50 of the explosive container 36.
- the frame part 52 has in its upper half an axial central bore 53 which forms a flow path for the explosive 42 from the explosive container 36 in the direction of the ignition element 34.
- the push-out device 38 has a cup-like body 63 and a piston 64 therein, which is guided by a piston rod 66, as a result of which the piston 64 cannot tilt in the cylinder body 40 during the later piston stroke.
- the squeezing device 38 also has a pressure hose connection 68 for connecting a pressure hose 70.
- the back of the piston 72 can be pressurized by compressed air through the pressure hose 70. In this way, the piston 64 is driven.
- the pushing-out device 38 has an internal thread 74 which can be screwed onto the external thread 48 of the explosive container 36.
- the cylinder can also be guided by a higher cylinder. In this case the piston rod can be omitted.
- the blasting device 30 is assembled: the ignition element 34 is inserted into the ignition element cup 55 and the ignition lines 35 are led out of the frame part 52 through a radial channel. Then, if necessary, the protective caps are unscrewed from the two ends of the explosive container 36 and the lower end of the explosive container 36 is screwed into the adapter part 58 of the ignition element holder 32. The ejection device 38 is then screwed onto the other end of the explosive container 36. Finally, the pressure hose 70 is coupled to the pressure hose connection 68, for example by screwing in a suitable pressure hose coupling part 71.
- the blasting device 30 is ready to be lowered into the borehole 14 down into the blasting space 22.
- the blasting device 30 hangs exclusively on the pressure hose 70.
- the piston rear side 72 is pressurized with pressure of 3 to 10 bar via the pressure hose 70 via a compressed air generator.
- the piston 64 is pressed downward in the axial direction. He first pierces the film 44 and then pushes the explosive 42 down out of the cylinder body 40.
- the explosive 42 pierces the lower film 46 and reaches the protective bladder 54 via the flow path 53.
- the protective bladder 54 is slowly completely filled with the entire explosive 42, so that the protective bladder 54 'assumes a balloon-like shape.
- the piston 64 strikes with its front side 73 on the upper edge of the frame part 52 and thus pushes the frame part 52 down out of the adapter part 58, so that the explosive container 36 is separated from the frame part 52 and on the pressure hose 70 hanging can be pulled out of the hole 14 again. Only the frame part 52, the ignition element 34 and the explosive 42 'remain in the protective bladder 54' in the explosive chamber 22, as shown in FIG. 5.
- FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of an explosive device 30 ', the push-off device being different from the one shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 shown embodiment is formed.
- the adapter part 80 is connected to the frame part 82 via narrow material bridges.
- the material bridges form predetermined breaking points.
- the frame part 82 has, as flow channels, a plurality of through openings 84 through which the explosive 42 can emerge from the explosive container 36 when it is squeezed out and can escape into the vicinity of the ignition element 34 and into the protective bladder 54.
- the adapter part 80 has a plurality of fluid channels 86, one opening end of which ends at the upper stop surface of the frame part 82 and the other opening end of which leads radially to the interior.
- the radial fluid channel openings are closed by a rubber protective ring 88.
- the explosive 42 is expressed by pressurizing the pressure hose 70 and moving the piston 64 downward from the explosive container 36.
- the piston 64 hits the ring 88 and moves it further down.
- the fluid channels 86 are exposed.
- the pressure from the pressure hose connection 68 or the pressure hose 70 is applied to each fluid channel 86.
- This pressure acts on the end face of the frame part 82, so that there a repulsive force is applied by which the explosive container 36 is repelled by the frame part 82, at the same time tearing open the material bridges between the adapter part 80 and the frame part 82.
- the compressed air can escape into the borehole 14, so that a pressure drop occurs in the pressure hose 70.
- This drop in pressure is a signal that the explosive container 36 has been successfully repelled.
- the pressure drop serves as a signal to catch up with the expelled explosive container.
- FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of an explosive device 90, which essentially consists of a one-piece explosive container body 92 and an ignition element holder 94 which is also made in one piece.
- the explosive container body 92 and the ignition element holder 94 are snapped into one another at the borehole.
- the explosive container body 92 and the ignition element holder 94 are each made of plastic or of light metal, aluminum or a similar material.
- the blasting device 90 is inexpensive to manufacture and easy to assemble because of its simple construction.
- the explosive 42 used is a homogeneous type of water-in-oil emulsion and can be sensitized by hollow microspheres or by chemical compounds.
- the explosive has a density of 1.0 to 1.5 g / cm 3 and a viscosity of 30,000 cP to 2,000,000 cP.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19927874 | 1999-06-18 | ||
DE19927874 | 1999-06-18 | ||
DE10001776 | 2000-01-18 | ||
DE10001776A DE10001776A1 (de) | 1999-06-18 | 2000-01-18 | Verfahren zum Setzen und Zünden einer Sprengladung für geologische Untersuchungen und Sprengvorrichtung |
PCT/EP2000/005617 WO2000079212A1 (de) | 1999-06-18 | 2000-06-19 | Verfahren zum setzen und zünden einer sprengladung für geologische untersuchungen und sprengvorrichtung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1194729A1 true EP1194729A1 (de) | 2002-04-10 |
Family
ID=26003891
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00947857A Withdrawn EP1194729A1 (de) | 1999-06-18 | 2000-06-19 | Verfahren zum setzen und zünden einer sprengladung für geologische untersuchungen und sprengvorrichtung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6520089B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1194729A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU761850B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR0011763A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2375483A1 (de) |
MX (1) | MXPA01012620A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000079212A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6499406B2 (en) * | 2000-12-30 | 2002-12-31 | Dong Soo Shim | Blasting apparatus for forming horizontal underground cavities and blasting method using the same |
US20060027123A1 (en) * | 2002-01-03 | 2006-02-09 | Andre Van Dyk | Explosive pressure wave concentrator |
US20050066836A1 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-03-31 | Yigal Levi | Method for controlling explosions in open mines |
SE526830C2 (sv) * | 2004-03-18 | 2005-11-08 | Jan-Aake Bengtsson | Sprängpatron |
US20100107917A1 (en) | 2006-09-27 | 2010-05-06 | Montanuniversitat Leoben | Explosive Cartridge And A Method Of Arranging An Explosive Cartridge In A Blast Hole |
RU172317U1 (ru) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-07-04 | Сергей Викторович Лукша | Технологический забойник для осуществления предварительной фиксации механической забойки по меньшей мере двухклинового типа в шпуре или скважине |
MY202486A (en) | 2018-01-29 | 2024-04-30 | Dyno Nobel Inc | Mechanically-gassed emulsion explosives and methods related thereto |
US11994008B2 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2024-05-28 | Gr Energy Services Management, Lp | Loaded perforating gun with plunging charge assembly and method of using same |
US11078763B2 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2021-08-03 | Gr Energy Services Management, Lp | Downhole perforating tool with integrated detonation assembly and method of using same |
CN113654425A (zh) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-16 | 六盘水华安爆破工程有限公司 | 一种适用于成品包装乳化炸药的多功能炮孔填装机构 |
CN113639603B (zh) * | 2021-09-22 | 2024-02-06 | 六盘水华安爆破工程有限公司 | 一种水孔炸药装填方法 |
WO2023184046A1 (es) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-10-05 | Enaex Servicios Sa | Conector de manguera de carguío y booster para tiros ascendentes en minería subterránea |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2020410A (en) * | 1935-04-19 | 1935-11-12 | Haskell M Greene | Safety detonating device for use in torpedoing oil wells |
CH512055A (de) * | 1969-07-11 | 1971-08-31 | Koenig Max | Verfahren zum Laden von gelförmigen Sprengstoffen |
US3696703A (en) * | 1969-08-22 | 1972-10-10 | Ici Australia Ltd | Blasting agent package |
GB1376833A (en) * | 1972-05-31 | 1974-12-11 | Ici Ltd | Loading underwater cavities with fluent explosive material |
AU6531074A (en) * | 1973-02-16 | 1975-08-07 | Westerlund L G | A device for introducing a pourable mass into holes |
SE411070B (sv) * | 1974-12-30 | 1979-11-26 | Matzen Nils Denny | Anordning for laddning av borrhal |
US4464993A (en) * | 1982-06-30 | 1984-08-14 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Process for use in blasting in situ retorts and the like |
US4592282A (en) * | 1984-07-10 | 1986-06-03 | Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara Aktiebolag | Charging apparatus for cartridged explosives |
JPH01150800A (ja) * | 1987-12-09 | 1989-06-13 | Taisei Corp | 拡径発破工法 |
US4813358A (en) * | 1988-05-31 | 1989-03-21 | Ireco Incorporated | Inflatable wand for loading a mining borehole |
US5099763A (en) * | 1990-05-16 | 1992-03-31 | Eti Explosive Technologies International | Method of blasting |
US5092245A (en) * | 1990-07-18 | 1992-03-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Explosive stemming device |
CA2044311A1 (en) * | 1991-06-11 | 1992-12-12 | Otto F. Baumgartner | Bulk explosive charger |
US5259316A (en) * | 1992-11-09 | 1993-11-09 | Nelson James E | Method and apparatus for wet/dry, small bore hole explosive device |
AUPM901594A0 (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1994-11-17 | Ici Australia Operations Proprietary Limited | Apparatus and process for loading upholes with explosives |
US5513570A (en) * | 1995-02-21 | 1996-05-07 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Pressure actuated pipe cutting tool |
CA2239823A1 (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 1997-06-12 | Denel (Proprietary) Limited | Breaking or blasting or splitting of rock |
GB9612633D0 (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 1996-08-21 | Stevens Andrew W | Tool |
-
2000
- 2000-06-19 US US09/980,498 patent/US6520089B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-06-19 MX MXPA01012620A patent/MXPA01012620A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-06-19 WO PCT/EP2000/005617 patent/WO2000079212A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-06-19 AU AU61508/00A patent/AU761850B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-06-19 BR BR0011763-3A patent/BR0011763A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-06-19 EP EP00947857A patent/EP1194729A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-06-19 CA CA002375483A patent/CA2375483A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0079212A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2375483A1 (en) | 2000-12-28 |
US6520089B1 (en) | 2003-02-18 |
WO2000079212A1 (de) | 2000-12-28 |
MXPA01012620A (es) | 2003-09-04 |
BR0011763A (pt) | 2002-03-05 |
AU6150800A (en) | 2001-01-09 |
AU761850B2 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
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