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EP1156390B1 - Dispositif pour le développement d'une image électrostatique - Google Patents

Dispositif pour le développement d'une image électrostatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1156390B1
EP1156390B1 EP01110191A EP01110191A EP1156390B1 EP 1156390 B1 EP1156390 B1 EP 1156390B1 EP 01110191 A EP01110191 A EP 01110191A EP 01110191 A EP01110191 A EP 01110191A EP 1156390 B1 EP1156390 B1 EP 1156390B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shell
toner
magnetic
magnetic core
rotation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01110191A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1156390A3 (fr
EP1156390A2 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Albrecht
Richard G. Allen
Timothy G. Armstrong
Christopher S. Garcia
Donald S. Hensel
Thomas K. Hilbert
Gary E. Nichols
John Thompson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/574,425 external-priority patent/US6263177B1/en
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Publication of EP1156390A2 publication Critical patent/EP1156390A2/fr
Publication of EP1156390A3 publication Critical patent/EP1156390A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1156390B1 publication Critical patent/EP1156390B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/75—Details relating to xerographic drum, band or plate, e.g. replacing, testing
    • G03G15/751—Details relating to xerographic drum, band or plate, e.g. replacing, testing relating to drum
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G13/00—Electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G13/06—Developing
    • G03G13/08—Developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
    • G03G13/09—Developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer using magnetic brush
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
    • G03G15/09—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer using magnetic brush
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G2221/00—Processes not provided for by group G03G2215/00, e.g. cleaning or residual charge elimination
    • G03G2221/16—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements and complete machine concepts
    • G03G2221/1606—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements and complete machine concepts for the photosensitive element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for electrostatic image development, and more particularly to an apparatus in which a magnetic brush cooperates with a photoconductor drum.
  • Development devices and methods that use a magnetic brush to place toner on the photoconductor have been known for years.
  • Development apparatuses and methods using a magnetic brush having hard magnetic carrier particles are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,496,074 and 4,802,866 US 4,473,029 and the US 4,546,060 described.
  • the devices disclosed in these patents include a rotating housing coated with a mixture of hard magnetic carrier particles and toner, a rotating magnetic core having a plurality of magnetic poles disposed within the housing, and a thin, planar, photoconductive one Movie on.
  • the rotating magnetic core brings the hard magnetic carrier particles onto the surface of the housing, which provides for increased movement and contact of the toner with the photoconductive film.
  • the disclosed two-component dry developer composition comprises charged toner particles and opposite charge magnetic carrier particles comprising (a) a magnetic material having hard magnetic properties characterized by a coercivity of at least 30 mT and (b) an induced magnetic moment of at least 200 mC / kg when in a field of 100 mT Gauss.
  • the developer is used in conjunction with a magnetic applicator comprising a rotatable magnetic core and an outer non-magnetizable housing for developing electrostatic images.
  • a magnetic applicator comprising a rotatable magnetic core and an outer non-magnetizable housing for developing electrostatic images.
  • Photoconductive drums are state of the art but have not yet been used with magnetic brushes having hard magnetic carrier particles. The reason photoconductors were not used is largely because they are much stronger than film photoconductors and the increasing thickness of the magnetic brush can damage the surface of the drum. Conversely, a decreasing thickness of the magnetic brush may cause inadequate contact with the photoconductor and thus result in poor image development.
  • the invention is accordingly based on the object to provide a improved device for developing an electrostatic image.
  • an apparatus for developing an electrostatic image comprises a photoconductive drum and a magnetic brush which contacts the photoconductor and comprises a mixture of toner and hard magnetic carrier particles.
  • a toner unit comprises a support rail, a slide rail located in the support rail, the slide rail being adapted to receive the toner unit, a pair of dowel pins, the slide rail positioning the toner unit relative to the dowel pins, and a servomotor, which aligns the toner unit in register with the dowel pins.
  • FIGS. 1-12 show a toner unit 10 according to the invention, comprising a photoconductive drum 12 and a magnetic brush 14 which brings a mixture of toner and hard magnetic carrier particles into contact with the outer surface of the photoconductor drum 12.
  • Magnetic brush 14 includes a housing 16, preferably of non-magnetizable material, and a core 18 having a rotating plurality of magnetic poles.
  • the photoconductive drum 12 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow 20, the sleeve 16 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow 22, and the core 18 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow 24.
  • the toner unit 10 and the photoconductor drum 12 are attached to the frame 28, which is configured as needed for a specific copying machine or a printer application / printer.
  • the toner unit 10 comprises a sleeve 16, a catch basin 30, four augers 32 rotatably mounted in the catch basin 30, a transport roller 34 disposed over the augers 32 adjacent to the sleeve 16, and a refill unit 36 which perforates a stationary one Tube 38 and a Auf Schollbürste 40 within the tube 38, which rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow 42 comprises.
  • the refill unit 36 directs toner into the toner / carrier particle mixture according to the Information from a toner concentration monitor 44 to maintain the weight ratio of toner and carrier particles, eg 1/10. Some of these parts may be added or removed depending on the particular application.
  • the additional mixing by the four-screw system improves mixing and even toner distribution over the entire image width.
  • the toner concentration gradients are preferably minimized and represent only a few percent
  • the mixture of hard magnetic carrier particles and toner covers the screws 32 to a level approximately equal to the level of the bottom of the transport roller 34.
  • the worms 32 include a plurality of angled paddles 46 mounted on the shafts 48.
  • the mixers mix the carrier particles and the toners to provide frictional charging and homogeneity and to provide a generally similar level of toner / carrier particle mixture in the sump 30.
  • the transport roller 34 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow 50 and raises the mixture from the catch basin 30 to the sleeve 16.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the nip portion of FIG. 1, showing where the toner / carrier particle mixture 52 surrounding the sleeve 16 contacts the photoconductive drum.
  • the flow of the toner / carrier particle mixture 52 has a thickness T and contacts the drum 12 over a length L.
  • the flow shown in Fig. 2 is highly desirable.
  • Fig. 3 an unwanted flow of the toner / carrier particle mixture 52 is shown, with a scrubstau Geneva 54 has arisen. It is believed that a back pressure region 54 is formed when the flow of the toner / carrier particle mixture 52 is greater than the amount that can flow through the gap between the sleeve 16 and the roller 12. The backpressure area may cause disturbances in image development on the drum 12 and also damage the surface of the drum 12. The back-up area 54 is not passive because the rotating core 18 tends to drive the mass of material in the back-pressure area 54 into the gap with active force.
  • the development of a scrubstau Kunststoffes is bypassed.
  • FIG. 1 it can be seen how the register-containing position of the housing 16 is controlled to the drum 12 by mounting a pair of dowel pins 56 on each side of the drum 12.
  • the drum 12 includes a shaft 58 which is mounted in a pair of bearings 60, which in turn are secured to the frame 28.
  • the toner unit 10 includes a pair of registration fittings 62 on each end into which the pins 56 fit.
  • the toner unit 10 is secured in register with the pins 56, thereby rendering it immobile during operation of the drum 12 and the magnetic brush 14.
  • the registration fitting 62 shown in FIG. 1 is for the most part hidden behind the toner unit 10. A better reproduction can be found in FIG. 12.
  • the centers of rotation of the core 18 and the sleeve 16 are not superimposed, but the centers of rotation of the core 18 relative to the center of rotation of the sleeve 16 on the drum 12 to (eccentric), wherein a region 64 is formed in the inner surface of the sleeve 16 is closest to the outer surface of the core 18 (slightly below the point where the drum 14 and the sleeve 16 are closest to each other.)
  • a metering element 66 is disposed opposite the region 64 in which the sleeve 16 farthest from the core 18. The metering element 66 meters a predetermined thickness of the toner / carrier particle mixture on the sleeve 16.
  • an imaginary line extends horizontally from region 64 to metering element 66 and the two elements are at 180 ° to each other (one element at the 9 o'clock position and the other at the 3 o'clock position).
  • Figures 4 and 5 show exploded views of the toner unit 10 from opposite ends to illustrate additional detail and the relationship between the components.
  • the rotating magnetic core 18 may cause eddy current losses in the photoconductive drum 12.
  • a combination of relatively fine magnetic pole frequency (e.g., a 14-pin array of about 4 cm [1.6 inch] diameter) and a relatively thin wall of 4 to 8 mm for the photoconductor drum 12 reduces the resulting eddy current losses.
  • the choice of materials for a relatively hard aluminum (T3 or T6) for the drum wall minimizes the conductivity of the wall and thus the eddy current losses.
  • the metering element 66 is provided at both ends with vanes 67 which reduce the flow of the toner / carrier particle mixture in the vicinity of the ends of the photoconductive drum 12. Reducing the flow in this way prevents damage that can occur at the ends of the development zone due to the edge effects that locally increase the flow. Further reductions in the formation of backpressure regions at the ends of the development zone are achieved by placing small permanent magnets on the metering element 66 at the position of the wings 67.
  • a DC bias is applied to the sleeve 16 to create an electric field that brings the toner onto the surface of the photoconductor drum 12.
  • An AC bias can also be used to improve the rate of development, and thus the level and consistency of image quality.
  • an electrical bias is applied between the base layer of the photoconductor and the sleeve of the developer unit. When a high frequency, or high voltage (eg, 1000 to 2000 hertz and 500 to 1500 volt effective voltage) signal is added to the constant bias voltage, the rate of development is significantly increased.
  • FIGS. 6-12 illustrate a carrier assembly 100 according to one embodiment of the invention that may be used with the toner unit 10 (FIGS. 1 and 10) to precisely register the toner cartridge with the photoconductor drum 12 (FIGS ).
  • the carrier assembly 100 compensates for displacements of the photoconductor drum 12.
  • the carrier unit comprises a support rail 102 and a slide rail 104 which is held and guided by the three rods 106, 108 and 110.
  • the support rail is fixed to a structure, e.g. connected to the frame 28 of FIG.
  • the slide rail 104 includes two horizontally elongated holes 132 which receive the outer rods 106 and 110 and a slightly oversized hole 134.
  • the center rod 108 limits movement of the slide rail 104 in the longitudinal direction while allowing lateral movement of the slide along the rod 108.
  • the two outer rods 106 and 110 serve to maintain the planarity of the slide rail 104.
  • the slide rail 104 is attached to the side plate 116.
  • An eccentric shaft 112 is driven by an electric servomotor 114, is mounted between two parts of the side plate 116, and provides the means for positioning the slide rail 104 relative to the photoconductor drum 12.
  • the electric actuator 114 is fixedly attached to the same support structure as the support rail 102.
  • the eccentric shaft 112 includes an eccentric bearing 113.
  • a load arm 122 is also attached to the side plate 116 and pivoted about a vertical axis about a load arm pivot point 124. The position of the eccentric shaft 112 is controlled by the use of two solid state microswitches 126 and one eccentric positioning clutch 118.
  • the eccentric shaft 112 When the eccentric shaft 112 is rotated from a parked position to a deployed position, it pushes against a detected eccentric securing plate 120 which is secured to the side plate 116. The movement pushes the slide 104 into its adjusted position (see Fig. 6) as indicated by arrow 142. While the slide rail 104 is brought into its set position, the load arm 122, which abuts against the side plate 116 attached to the toner unit 10 ( Figures 1 and 10) and deflected to provide a spring force which aligns the toner cartridge 10 with the registration pins 56 ( Figures 1 and 10). The detected eccentric securing plate 120 causes a force such that the eccentric shaft 112 is not rotated away when the device is in the engaged position.
  • a positive vertical lifting force is achieved through the use of two angled pressing blocks 128 mounted on the load arm 122 and a mating angled wedge 130 attached to the toner unit 10 (see Figures 1 and 10). is attached.
  • the pressing blocks 128 pass through a pair of windows provided in the side plate 116.
  • an angled pressing block 136 is fixed to the bottom of the toner unit 10
  • a mating presser plate 138 is attached to the frame of the machine such as the machine. the frame 28 of FIG. 1, attached.
  • the angled pressure block 136 and the mating pressure block 138 provide additional vertical lifting force.
  • the net force is directed toward the drum 12 upwards, as the arrow 140 in Fig. 1 indicates.
  • the registration fittings 62 attached to each end of the toner unit 10 preferably include pointed notches 63, and the registration pins 56 are received in the notches 63 as the toner unit moves in the direction of arrow 140 becomes.
  • the force that holds the toner unit 10 in position may exceed about 450 N and in one particular embodiment is about 700 N.
  • the slide rail 104 includes a track 105 in which the toner unit 10, as it is inserted into the apparatus, lies and is guided until all the electrical and mechanical interfaces are connected.
  • the slide rail 104 and the track 105 serve to accurately position the toner unit 10 relative to the pins 56, so that when the eccentric shaft 12 is activated, the dowel pins 56 are received in the notches 63.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Magnetic Brush Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Dispositif de développement d'une image électrostatique comprenant :
    un tambour photoconducteur (12) ;
    un balai magnétique (14) mis en contact avec le tambour photoconducteur (12), ce balai comprenant un mélange de toner et de particules porteuses magnétiques dures, le balai magnétique (14) comprenant un noyau magnétique (18) à l'intérieur d'une douille (16) avec un centre de rotation, le noyau magnétique (18) étant décalé par rapport au centre de rotation en direction du tambour photoconducteur (12) ; et
    un élément de dosage (66) pour doser le mélange, situé à proximité de la douille et dans une zone où la douille est éloignée au maximum du noyau magnétique (18)
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, la douille (16) étant dans une zone (64) rapprochée au maximum du noyau magnétique (18), le tambour photoconducteur (12) pouvant être mis en rotation dans une direction et étant, à un point donné, rapproché au maximum de la douille (16), ce point se trouvant, vu dans le sens de la rotation du tambour photoconducteur (12), en amont de la zone (64) où la douille (16) est rapprochée au maximum du noyau magnétique (18).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, l'élément de dosage (66) et la zone (64) dans laquelle la douille (16) est rapprochée au maximum du noyau magnétique (18) sont décalés de 180° par rapport à la circonférence de la douille (16).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, une ligne imaginaire passant de l'élément de dosage (66) vers la zone (64) dans laquelle la douille (16) est rapprochée au maximum du noyau magnétique (18), se trouve sur le plan horizontal.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, prévoyant une unité de support (100) comprenant :
    un rail de support (102) ;
    une glissière placée dans le rail support, la glissière (104) étant adaptée de façon à comprendre une unité de toner (10) du dispositif ;
    une paire de goupilles de positionnement (56), la glissière (104) positionnant l'unité de toner (10) par rapport aux goupilles de positionnement (56) ; et un positionneur (114) alignant l'unité de toner (10) aux goupilles de positionnement (56).
  6. Procédé de développement d'une image électrostatique comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    application d'un mélange de toner et de particules porteuses magnétiques dures sur un tambour photoconducteur (12) par un balai magnétique (14) comprenant un noyau magnétique (18) à l'intérieur d'une douille (16) avec un centre de rotation, le noyau magnétique (18) étant décalé par rapport au centre de rotation en direction du tambour photoconducteur (12) ; et
    dosage du mélange de toner et de particules porteuses magnétiques dures avec un élément de dosage (66) situé à proximité de la douille (16) et dans une zone où la douille (16) est éloignée au maximum du noyau magnétique (18).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, le tambour photoconducteur (12) étant mis en rotation dans une direction et le mélange de toner et de particules porteuses magnétiques dures étant appliqué sur le tambour photoconducteur (12) dans une zone se trouvant, vue dans le sens de rotation du tambour photoconducteur (12), en amont de la zone (64) dans laquelle la douille (16) est rapprochée au maximum du noyau magnétique (18).
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 7 comprenant les étapes complémentaires suivantes :
    réduction d'un flux du mélange de toner et de particules porteuses magnétiques dures pour empêcher la formation de zones de retenue.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, selon lequel le flux est réduit par l'élément de dosage (66).
EP01110191A 2000-05-17 2001-05-08 Dispositif pour le développement d'une image électrostatique Expired - Lifetime EP1156390B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US20488100P 2000-05-17 2000-05-17
US204881P 2000-05-17
US09/574,425 US6263177B1 (en) 2000-05-19 2000-05-19 Document printer/copier with decoupleable drum-support member
US574425 2000-05-19

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1156390A2 EP1156390A2 (fr) 2001-11-21
EP1156390A3 EP1156390A3 (fr) 2004-09-08
EP1156390B1 true EP1156390B1 (fr) 2007-09-26

Family

ID=26899868

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01110191A Expired - Lifetime EP1156390B1 (fr) 2000-05-17 2001-05-08 Dispositif pour le développement d'une image électrostatique

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP1156390B1 (fr)
DE (3) DE10122237A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004036159A1 (de) 2004-07-26 2006-03-23 OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH Anordnung und Verfahren zum Einfärben eines Applikatorelementes eines elektrofotografischen Druckers oder Kopierers

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GB1582150A (en) * 1976-08-18 1980-12-31 Ricoh Kk Electrophotographic copying machines
JPS5538593A (en) * 1978-09-13 1980-03-18 Minolta Camera Co Ltd Positioning device in electrophotographic copier
DE2949164A1 (de) * 1978-12-08 1980-06-26 Canon Kk Einrichtung zum befestigen und loesen eines gitterartigen, photoempfindlichen mediums
JPS5713473A (en) * 1980-06-30 1982-01-23 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd Drawing device for photosensitive drum
JPS5764763A (en) * 1980-10-08 1982-04-20 Minolta Camera Co Ltd Developer supporting device
US4385827A (en) * 1981-04-15 1983-05-31 Xerox Corporation High speed duplicator with finishing function
JPS58181058A (ja) * 1982-04-19 1983-10-22 Mita Ind Co Ltd 静電複写機
CH659530A5 (fr) * 1982-11-08 1987-01-30 Eastman Kodak Co Revelateur electrographique et procede de developpement d'image electrostatique l'utilisant.
JPS6076771A (ja) * 1983-10-04 1985-05-01 Canon Inc 画像形成装置
JPS60177371A (ja) * 1984-02-24 1985-09-11 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd 複写装置等における現像装置の逃避装置
JPS61201273A (ja) * 1985-03-04 1986-09-05 Canon Inc 画像形成装置
US4952989A (en) * 1985-04-16 1990-08-28 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Photoreceptor attachment device for an electrophotographic copying machine
JPH03225371A (ja) * 1990-01-31 1991-10-04 Tokyo Electric Co Ltd 電子写真装置
US5484680A (en) * 1990-02-28 1996-01-16 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Magnetic brush developing method
JPH0619321A (ja) * 1992-06-29 1994-01-28 Canon Inc 現像装置
JP3298728B2 (ja) * 1993-11-12 2002-07-08 株式会社リコー 画像形成装置
JPH08142307A (ja) * 1994-11-16 1996-06-04 Riso Kagaku Corp 輪転式印刷機のインキ容器保持装置
JP2872145B2 (ja) * 1996-09-13 1999-03-17 新潟日本電気株式会社 現像装置
JP3495250B2 (ja) * 1998-03-19 2004-02-09 富士ゼロックス株式会社 電子写真装置
JP4737349B2 (ja) * 1999-02-26 2011-07-27 ブラザー工業株式会社 画像形成装置

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Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1156390A3 (fr) 2004-09-08
DE50113051D1 (de) 2007-11-08
EP1156390A2 (fr) 2001-11-21
DE10122237A1 (de) 2001-12-20
DE10122411B4 (de) 2010-07-22
DE10122411A1 (de) 2002-01-03

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